#!/usr/bin/env python # # NEPI, a framework to manage network experiments # Copyright (C) 2013 INRIA # # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with this program. If not, see . # # Author: Alina Quereilhac # # Network topology # # n0 n1 n2 n3 # | | | | # ----------------- # # node n0 sends IGMP traffic to node n3 from nepi.execution.ec import ExperimentController from nepi.execution.trace import TraceAttr import os import time import unittest def add_ns3_node(ec, simu): node = ec.register_resource("ns3::Node") ec.register_connection(node, simu) ipv4 = ec.register_resource("ns3::Ipv4L3Protocol") ec.register_connection(node, ipv4) arp = ec.register_resource("ns3::ArpL3Protocol") ec.register_connection(node, arp) icmp = ec.register_resource("ns3::Icmpv4L4Protocol") ec.register_connection(node, icmp) return node def add_point2point_device(ec, node, address = None, prefix = None): dev = ec.register_resource("ns3::PointToPointNetDevice") if address: ec.set(dev, "ip", address) if prefix: ec.set(dev, "prefix", prefix) ec.register_connection(node, dev) queue = ec.register_resource("ns3::DropTailQueue") ec.register_connection(dev, queue) return dev def add_csma_device(ec, node, address = None, prefix = None): dev = ec.register_resource("ns3::CsmaNetDevice") if address: ec.set(dev, "ip", address) if prefix: ec.set(dev, "prefix", prefix) ec.register_connection(node, dev) queue = ec.register_resource("ns3::DropTailQueue") ec.register_connection(dev, queue) return dev def add_wifi_device(ec, node, address = None, prefix = None, access_point = False): dev = ec.register_resource("ns3::WifiNetDevice") if address: ec.set(dev, "ip", address) if prefix: ec.set(dev, "prefix", prefix) ec.register_connection(node, dev) phy = ec.register_resource("ns3::YansWifiPhy") ec.set(phy, "Standard", "WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211a") ec.register_connection(dev, phy) error = ec.register_resource("ns3::NistErrorRateModel") ec.register_connection(phy, error) manager = ec.register_resource("ns3::ArfWifiManager") ec.register_connection(dev, manager) if access_point: mac = ec.register_resource("ns3::ApWifiMac") else: mac = ec.register_resource("ns3::StaWifiMac") ec.set(mac, "Standard", "WIFI_PHY_STANDARD_80211a") ec.register_connection(dev, mac) return dev, phy def add_random_mobility(ec, node, x, y, z, speed, bounds_width, bounds_height): position = "%d:%d:%d" % (x, y, z) bounds = "0|%d|0|%d" % (bounds_width, bounds_height) speed = "ns3::UniformRandomVariable[Min=%d|Max=%s]" % (speed, speed) pause = "ns3::ConstantRandomVariable[Constant=1.0]" mobility = ec.register_resource("ns3::RandomDirection2dMobilityModel") ec.set(mobility, "Position", position) ec.set(mobility, "Bounds", bounds) ec.set(mobility, "Speed", speed) ec.set(mobility, "Pause", pause) ec.register_connection(node, mobility) return mobility def add_constant_mobility(ec, node, x, y, z): mobility = ec.register_resource("ns3::ConstantPositionMobilityModel") position = "%d:%d:%d" % (x, y, z) ec.set(mobility, "Position", position) ec.register_connection(node, mobility) return mobility def add_wifi_channel(ec): channel = ec.register_resource("ns3::YansWifiChannel") delay = ec.register_resource("ns3::ConstantSpeedPropagationDelayModel") ec.register_connection(channel, delay) loss = ec.register_resource("ns3::LogDistancePropagationLossModel") ec.register_connection(channel, loss) return channel class LinuxNS3ClientTest(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): #self.fedora_host = "nepi2.pl.sophia.inria.fr" self.fedora_host = "planetlabpc1.upf.edu" #self.fedora_host = "peeramide.irisa.fr" self.fedora_user = "inria_nepi" self.fedora_identity = "%s/.ssh/id_rsa_planetlab" % (os.environ['HOME']) def test_local_p2p_ping(self): ec = ExperimentController(exp_id = "test-ns3-local-p2p") node = ec.register_resource("LinuxNode") ec.set(node, "hostname", "localhost") simu = ec.register_resource("LinuxNS3Simulation") ec.register_connection(simu, node) nsnode1 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) dev1 = add_point2point_device(ec, nsnode1, "10.0.0.1", "30") nsnode2 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) dev2 = add_point2point_device(ec, nsnode2, "10.0.0.2", "30") # Create channel chan = ec.register_resource("ns3::PointToPointChannel") ec.set(chan, "Delay", "0s") ec.register_connection(chan, dev1) ec.register_connection(chan, dev2) ### create pinger ping = ec.register_resource("ns3::V4Ping") ec.set (ping, "Remote", "10.0.0.2") ec.set (ping, "Interval", "1s") ec.set (ping, "Verbose", True) ec.set (ping, "StartTime", "0s") ec.set (ping, "StopTime", "20s") ec.register_connection(ping, nsnode1) ec.deploy() ec.wait_finished([ping]) stdout = ec.trace(simu, "stdout") expected = "20 packets transmitted, 20 received, 0% packet loss" self.assertTrue(stdout.find(expected) > -1) ec.shutdown() def test_simple_p2p_ping(self): ec = ExperimentController(exp_id = "test-ns3-p2p-ping") node = ec.register_resource("LinuxNode") ec.set(node, "hostname", self.fedora_host) ec.set(node, "username", self.fedora_user) ec.set(node, "identity", self.fedora_identity) ec.set(node, "cleanProcesses", True) #ec.set(node, "cleanHome", True) simu = ec.register_resource("LinuxNS3Simulation") ec.register_connection(simu, node) nsnode1 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) dev1 = add_point2point_device(ec, nsnode1, "10.0.0.1", "30") nsnode2 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) dev2 = add_point2point_device(ec, nsnode2, "10.0.0.2", "30") # Create channel chan = ec.register_resource("ns3::PointToPointChannel") ec.set(chan, "Delay", "0s") ec.register_connection(chan, dev1) ec.register_connection(chan, dev2) ### create pinger ping = ec.register_resource("ns3::V4Ping") ec.set (ping, "Remote", "10.0.0.2") ec.set (ping, "Interval", "1s") ec.set (ping, "Verbose", True) ec.set (ping, "StartTime", "0s") ec.set (ping, "StopTime", "20s") ec.register_connection(ping, nsnode1) ec.deploy() ec.wait_finished([ping]) stdout = ec.trace(simu, "stdout") expected = "20 packets transmitted, 20 received, 0% packet loss" self.assertTrue(stdout.find(expected) > -1) ec.shutdown() def test_simple_cmsa_ping(self): ec = ExperimentController(exp_id = "test-ns3-csma-ping") node = ec.register_resource("LinuxNode") ec.set(node, "hostname", self.fedora_host) ec.set(node, "username", self.fedora_user) ec.set(node, "identity", self.fedora_identity) ec.set(node, "cleanProcesses", True) #ec.set(node, "cleanHome", True) simu = ec.register_resource("LinuxNS3Simulation") ec.register_connection(simu, node) nsnode1 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) dev1 = add_csma_device(ec, nsnode1, "10.0.0.1", "30") nsnode2 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) dev2 = add_csma_device(ec, nsnode2, "10.0.0.2", "30") # Create channel chan = ec.register_resource("ns3::CsmaChannel") ec.set(chan, "Delay", "0s") ec.register_connection(chan, dev1) ec.register_connection(chan, dev2) ### create pinger ping = ec.register_resource("ns3::V4Ping") ec.set (ping, "Remote", "10.0.0.2") ec.set (ping, "Interval", "1s") ec.set (ping, "Verbose", True) ec.set (ping, "StartTime", "0s") ec.set (ping, "StopTime", "20s") ec.register_connection(ping, nsnode1) ec.deploy() ec.wait_finished([ping]) stdout = ec.trace(simu, "stdout") expected = "20 packets transmitted, 20 received, 0% packet loss" self.assertTrue(stdout.find(expected) > -1) ec.shutdown() def test_compile_local_source(self): ec = ExperimentController(exp_id = "test-ns3-local-source") node = ec.register_resource("LinuxNode") ec.set(node, "hostname", self.fedora_host) ec.set(node, "username", self.fedora_user) ec.set(node, "identity", self.fedora_identity) ec.set(node, "cleanProcesses", True) #ec.set(node, "cleanHome", True) simu = ec.register_resource("LinuxNS3Simulation") sources = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)), "ns-3.18-user.tar.gz") ec.set(simu, "sources", sources) ec.register_connection(simu, node) nsnode1 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) dev1 = add_csma_device(ec, nsnode1, "10.0.0.1", "30") nsnode2 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) dev2 = add_csma_device(ec, nsnode2, "10.0.0.2", "30") # Create channel chan = ec.register_resource("ns3::CsmaChannel") ec.set(chan, "Delay", "0s") ec.register_connection(chan, dev1) ec.register_connection(chan, dev2) ### create pinger ping = ec.register_resource("ns3::V4Ping") ec.set (ping, "Remote", "10.0.0.2") ec.set (ping, "Interval", "1s") ec.set (ping, "Verbose", True) ec.set (ping, "StartTime", "0s") ec.set (ping, "StopTime", "20s") ec.register_connection(ping, nsnode1) ec.deploy() ec.wait_finished([ping]) stdout = ec.trace(simu, "stdout") expected = "20 packets transmitted, 20 received, 0% packet loss" self.assertTrue(stdout.find(expected) > -1) ec.shutdown() def test_compile_debug_mode(self): ec = ExperimentController(exp_id = "test-ns3-debug-mode") node = ec.register_resource("LinuxNode") ec.set(node, "hostname", self.fedora_host) ec.set(node, "username", self.fedora_user) ec.set(node, "identity", self.fedora_identity) ec.set(node, "cleanProcesses", True) #ec.set(node, "cleanHome", True) simu = ec.register_resource("LinuxNS3Simulation") ec.set(simu, "verbose", True) ec.set(simu, "nsLog", "V4Ping:Node") ec.set(simu, "buildMode", "debug") ec.register_connection(simu, node) nsnode1 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) dev1 = add_csma_device(ec, nsnode1, "10.0.0.1", "30") nsnode2 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) dev2 = add_csma_device(ec, nsnode2, "10.0.0.2", "30") # Create channel chan = ec.register_resource("ns3::CsmaChannel") ec.set(chan, "Delay", "0s") ec.register_connection(chan, dev1) ec.register_connection(chan, dev2) ### create pinger ping = ec.register_resource("ns3::V4Ping") ec.set (ping, "Remote", "10.0.0.2") ec.set (ping, "Interval", "1s") ec.set (ping, "Verbose", True) ec.set (ping, "StartTime", "0s") ec.set (ping, "StopTime", "20s") ec.register_connection(ping, nsnode1) ec.deploy() ec.wait_finished([ping]) stdout = ec.trace(simu, "stdout") expected = "20 packets transmitted, 20 received, 0% packet loss" self.assertTrue(stdout.find(expected) > -1) stderr = ec.trace(simu, "stderr") expected = "V4Ping:Read32" self.assertTrue(stderr.find(expected) > -1) ec.shutdown() def test_real_time(self): ec = ExperimentController(exp_id = "test-ns3-real-time") node = ec.register_resource("LinuxNode") ec.set(node, "hostname", self.fedora_host) ec.set(node, "username", self.fedora_user) ec.set(node, "identity", self.fedora_identity) ec.set(node, "cleanProcesses", True) #ec.set(node, "cleanHome", True) simu = ec.register_resource("LinuxNS3Simulation") ec.set(simu, "simulatorImplementationType", "ns3::RealtimeSimulatorImpl") ec.set(simu, "checksumEnabled", True) ec.set(simu, "verbose", True) ec.register_connection(simu, node) nsnode1 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) dev1 = add_point2point_device(ec, nsnode1, "10.0.0.1", "30") nsnode2 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) dev2 = add_point2point_device(ec, nsnode2, "10.0.0.2", "30") # Create channel chan = ec.register_resource("ns3::PointToPointChannel") ec.set(chan, "Delay", "0s") ec.register_connection(chan, dev1) ec.register_connection(chan, dev2) ### create pinger ping = ec.register_resource("ns3::V4Ping") ec.set (ping, "Remote", "10.0.0.2") ec.set (ping, "Interval", "1s") ec.set (ping, "Verbose", True) ec.set (ping, "StartTime", "0s") ec.set (ping, "StopTime", "20s") ec.register_connection(ping, nsnode1) ec.deploy() ec.wait_finished([ping]) stdout = ec.trace(simu, "stdout") expected = "20 packets transmitted, 20 received, 0% packet loss" self.assertTrue(stdout.find(expected) > -1) rm = ec.get_resource(ping) start_time = rm.start_time stop_time = rm.stop_time delta = stop_time - start_time self.assertTrue(delta.seconds >= 20, "Time elapsed %d" % delta.seconds) self.assertTrue(delta.seconds < 25, "Time elapsed %d" % delta.seconds) ec.shutdown() def test_traces(self): ec = ExperimentController(exp_id = "test-ns3-traces") node = ec.register_resource("LinuxNode") ec.set(node, "hostname", self.fedora_host) ec.set(node, "username", self.fedora_user) ec.set(node, "identity", self.fedora_identity) ec.set(node, "cleanProcesses", True) #ec.set(node, "cleanHome", True) simu = ec.register_resource("LinuxNS3Simulation") ec.register_connection(simu, node) nsnode1 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) dev1 = add_point2point_device(ec, nsnode1, "10.0.0.1", "30") nsnode2 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) dev2 = add_point2point_device(ec, nsnode2, "10.0.0.2", "30") # Create channel chan = ec.register_resource("ns3::PointToPointChannel") ec.set(chan, "Delay", "0s") ec.register_connection(chan, dev1) ec.register_connection(chan, dev2) ### create pinger ping = ec.register_resource("ns3::V4Ping") ec.set (ping, "Remote", "10.0.0.2") ec.set (ping, "Interval", "1s") ec.set (ping, "Verbose", True) ec.set (ping, "StartTime", "0s") ec.set (ping, "StopTime", "20s") ec.register_connection(ping, nsnode1) # enable traces ec.enable_trace(dev1, "pcap") ec.enable_trace(dev1, "promiscPcap") ec.enable_trace(dev1, "ascii") ec.enable_trace(dev2, "pcap") ec.enable_trace(dev2, "promiscPcap") ec.enable_trace(dev2, "ascii") ec.deploy() ec.wait_finished([ping]) # Trace verification rm_simu = ec.get_resource(simu) # TODO: Fix this in ns-3: pcap traces do not flush until the Simulator # process is ended, so we can't get the traces of the 'pcap' and # 'promiscPcap' traces. # #for trace in ["pcap", "promiscPcap", "ascii"]: for trace in ["ascii"]: for guid in [dev1, dev2]: output = ec.trace(guid, trace) size = ec.trace(guid, trace, attr = TraceAttr.SIZE) self.assertEquals(size, len(output)) self.assertTrue(size > 100) block = ec.trace(guid, trace, attr = TraceAttr.STREAM, block = 5, offset = 1) self.assertEquals(block, output[5:10]) trace_path = ec.trace(guid, trace, attr = TraceAttr.PATH) rm = ec.get_resource(guid) path = os.path.join(rm_simu.run_home, rm._trace_filename.get(trace)) self.assertEquals(trace_path, path) ec.shutdown() def test_simple_wifi_ping(self): bounds_width = bounds_height = 200 x = y = 100 speed = 1 ec = ExperimentController(exp_id = "test-ns3-wifi-ping") node = ec.register_resource("LinuxNode") ec.set(node, "hostname", self.fedora_host) ec.set(node, "username", self.fedora_user) ec.set(node, "identity", self.fedora_identity) ec.set(node, "cleanProcesses", True) #ec.set(node, "cleanHome", True) simu = ec.register_resource("LinuxNS3Simulation") ec.set(simu, "verbose", True) ec.register_connection(simu, node) nsnode1 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) dev1, phy1 = add_wifi_device(ec, nsnode1, "10.0.0.1", "24", access_point = True) mobility1 = add_constant_mobility(ec, nsnode1, x, y, 0) nsnode2 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) dev2, phy2 = add_wifi_device(ec, nsnode2, "10.0.0.2", "24", access_point = False) mobility1 = add_constant_mobility(ec, nsnode2, x, y, 0) #mobility2 = add_random_mobility(ec, nsnode2, x, y, 0, speed, bounds_width, bounds_height) # Create channel chan = add_wifi_channel(ec) ec.register_connection(chan, phy1) ec.register_connection(chan, phy2) ### create pinger ping = ec.register_resource("ns3::V4Ping") ec.set (ping, "Remote", "10.0.0.1") ec.set (ping, "Interval", "1s") ec.set (ping, "Verbose", True) ec.set (ping, "StartTime", "1s") ec.set (ping, "StopTime", "21s") ec.register_connection(ping, nsnode2) ec.deploy() ec.wait_finished([ping]) stdout = ec.trace(simu, "stdout") expected = "20 packets transmitted, 20 received, 0% packet loss" self.assertTrue(stdout.find(expected) > -1) ec.shutdown() def test_routing(self): """ network topology: n4 | n1 -- p2p -- n2 -- csma -- n5 -- p2p -- n6 | | ping n6 n3 """ ec = ExperimentController(exp_id = "test-ns3-routes") node = ec.register_resource("LinuxNode") ec.set(node, "hostname", self.fedora_host) ec.set(node, "username", self.fedora_user) ec.set(node, "identity", self.fedora_identity) ec.set(node, "cleanProcesses", True) #ec.set(node, "cleanHome", True) simu = ec.register_resource("LinuxNS3Simulation") ec.set(simu, "verbose", True) ec.register_connection(simu, node) nsnode1 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) p2p12 = add_point2point_device(ec, nsnode1, "10.0.0.1", "30") nsnode2 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) p2p21 = add_point2point_device(ec, nsnode2, "10.0.0.2", "30") csma2 = add_csma_device(ec, nsnode2, "10.0.1.1", "24") nsnode3 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) csma3 = add_csma_device(ec, nsnode3, "10.0.1.2", "24") nsnode4 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) csma4 = add_csma_device(ec, nsnode4, "10.0.1.3", "24") nsnode5 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) p2p56 = add_point2point_device(ec, nsnode5, "10.0.2.1", "30") csma5 = add_csma_device(ec, nsnode5, "10.0.1.4", "24") nsnode6 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) p2p65 = add_point2point_device(ec, nsnode6, "10.0.2.2", "30") # P2P chan1 p2p_chan1 = ec.register_resource("ns3::PointToPointChannel") ec.set(p2p_chan1, "Delay", "0s") ec.register_connection(p2p_chan1, p2p12) ec.register_connection(p2p_chan1, p2p21) # CSMA chan csma_chan = ec.register_resource("ns3::CsmaChannel") ec.set(csma_chan, "Delay", "0s") ec.register_connection(csma_chan, csma2) ec.register_connection(csma_chan, csma3) ec.register_connection(csma_chan, csma4) ec.register_connection(csma_chan, csma5) # P2P chan2 p2p_chan2 = ec.register_resource("ns3::PointToPointChannel") ec.set(p2p_chan2, "Delay", "0s") ec.register_connection(p2p_chan2, p2p56) ec.register_connection(p2p_chan2, p2p65) # Add routes - n1 - n6 r1 = ec.register_resource("ns3::Route") ec.set(r1, "network", "10.0.2.0") ec.set(r1, "prefix", "30") ec.set(r1, "nexthop", "10.0.0.2") ec.register_connection(r1, nsnode1) # Add routes - n2 - n6 r2 = ec.register_resource("ns3::Route") ec.set(r2, "network", "10.0.2.0") ec.set(r2, "prefix", "30") ec.set(r2, "nexthop", "10.0.1.4") ec.register_connection(r2, nsnode2) # Add routes - n5 - n1 r5 = ec.register_resource("ns3::Route") ec.set(r5, "network", "10.0.0.0") ec.set(r5, "prefix", "30") ec.set(r5, "nexthop", "10.0.1.1") ec.register_connection(r5, nsnode5) # Add routes - n6 - n1 r6 = ec.register_resource("ns3::Route") ec.set(r6, "network", "10.0.0.0") ec.set(r6, "prefix", "30") ec.set(r6, "nexthop", "10.0.2.1") ec.register_connection(r6, nsnode6) ### create pinger ping = ec.register_resource("ns3::V4Ping") ec.set (ping, "Remote", "10.0.2.2") ec.set (ping, "Interval", "1s") ec.set (ping, "Verbose", True) ec.set (ping, "StartTime", "1s") ec.set (ping, "StopTime", "21s") ec.register_connection(ping, nsnode1) ec.deploy() ec.wait_finished([ping]) stdout = ec.trace(simu, "stdout") expected = "20 packets transmitted, 20 received, 0% packet loss" self.assertTrue(stdout.find(expected) > -1) ec.shutdown() def ztest_automatic_routing(self): """ network topology: n4 | n1 -- p2p -- n2 -- csma -- n5 -- p2p -- n6 | | ping n6 n3 """ ec = ExperimentController(exp_id = "test-ns3-auto-routes") node = ec.register_resource("LinuxNode") ec.set(node, "hostname", self.fedora_host) ec.set(node, "username", self.fedora_user) ec.set(node, "identity", self.fedora_identity) ec.set(node, "cleanProcesses", True) #ec.set(node, "cleanHome", True) simu = ec.register_resource("LinuxNS3Simulation") ec.set(simu, "verbose", True) ec.set(simu, "populateRoutingTables", True) ec.register_connection(simu, node) nsnode1 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) p2p12 = add_point2point_device(ec, nsnode1, "10.0.0.1", "30") nsnode2 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) p2p21 = add_point2point_device(ec, nsnode2, "10.0.0.2", "30") csma2 = add_csma_device(ec, nsnode2, "10.0.1.1", "24") nsnode3 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) csma3 = add_csma_device(ec, nsnode3, "10.0.1.2", "24") nsnode4 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) csma4 = add_csma_device(ec, nsnode4, "10.0.1.3", "24") nsnode5 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) p2p56 = add_point2point_device(ec, nsnode5, "10.0.2.1", "30") csma5 = add_csma_device(ec, nsnode5, "10.0.1.4", "24") nsnode6 = add_ns3_node(ec, simu) p2p65 = add_point2point_device(ec, nsnode6, "10.0.2.2", "30") # P2P chan1 p2p_chan1 = ec.register_resource("ns3::PointToPointChannel") ec.set(p2p_chan1, "Delay", "0s") ec.register_connection(p2p_chan1, p2p12) ec.register_connection(p2p_chan1, p2p21) # CSMA chan csma_chan = ec.register_resource("ns3::CsmaChannel") ec.set(csma_chan, "Delay", "0s") ec.register_connection(csma_chan, csma2) ec.register_connection(csma_chan, csma3) ec.register_connection(csma_chan, csma4) ec.register_connection(csma_chan, csma5) # P2P chan2 p2p_chan2 = ec.register_resource("ns3::PointToPointChannel") ec.set(p2p_chan2, "Delay", "0s") ec.register_connection(p2p_chan2, p2p56) ec.register_connection(p2p_chan2, p2p65) ### create pinger ping = ec.register_resource("ns3::V4Ping") ec.set (ping, "Remote", "10.0.1.2") ec.set (ping, "Interval", "1s") ec.set (ping, "Verbose", True) ec.set (ping, "StartTime", "1s") ec.set (ping, "StopTime", "21s") ec.register_connection(ping, nsnode1) ec.deploy() ec.wait_finished([ping]) stdout = ec.trace(simu, "stdout") print stdout expected = "20 packets transmitted, 20 received, 0% packet loss" self.assertTrue(stdout.find(expected) > -1) ec.shutdown() if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()