Import source code for dummynet innode emulation.
[ipfw.git] / dummynet / ip_fw2.c
diff --git a/dummynet/ip_fw2.c b/dummynet/ip_fw2.c
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..bdcfe11
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,4665 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2002 Luigi Rizzo, Universita` di Pisa
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
+__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: src/sys/netinet/ip_fw2.c,v 1.175.2.13 2008/10/30 16:29:04 bz Exp $");
+
+#define        DEB(x)
+#define        DDB(x) x
+
+/*
+ * Implement IP packet firewall (new version)
+ */
+
+#if !defined(KLD_MODULE)
+#include "opt_ipfw.h"
+#include "opt_ipdivert.h"
+#include "opt_ipdn.h"
+#include "opt_inet.h"
+#ifndef INET
+#error IPFIREWALL requires INET.
+#endif /* INET */
+#endif
+#include "opt_inet6.h"
+#include "opt_ipsec.h"
+#include "opt_mac.h"
+
+#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <sys/systm.h>
+#include <sys/malloc.h>
+#include <sys/mbuf.h>
+#include <sys/kernel.h>
+#include <sys/lock.h>
+#include <sys/jail.h>
+#include <sys/module.h>
+#include <sys/priv.h>
+#include <sys/proc.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <sys/socketvar.h>
+#include <sys/sysctl.h>
+#include <sys/syslog.h>
+#include <sys/ucred.h>
+#include <net/ethernet.h> /* for ETHERTYPE_IP */
+#include <net/if.h>
+#include <net/radix.h>
+#include <net/route.h>
+#include <net/pf_mtag.h>
+
+#define        IPFW_INTERNAL   /* Access to protected data structures in ip_fw.h. */
+
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#include <netinet/in_var.h>
+#include <netinet/in_pcb.h>
+#include <netinet/ip.h>
+#include <netinet/ip_var.h>
+#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
+#include <netinet/ip_fw.h>
+#include <netinet/ip_divert.h>
+#include <netinet/ip_dummynet.h>
+#include <netinet/ip_carp.h>
+#include <netinet/pim.h>
+#include <netinet/tcp_var.h>
+#include <netinet/udp.h>
+#include <netinet/udp_var.h>
+#include <netinet/sctp.h>
+#include <netgraph/ng_ipfw.h>
+
+#include <netinet/ip6.h>
+#include <netinet/icmp6.h>
+#ifdef INET6
+#include <netinet6/scope6_var.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <machine/in_cksum.h>  /* XXX for in_cksum */
+
+#ifdef MAC
+#include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "missing.h"
+
+/*
+ * set_disable contains one bit per set value (0..31).
+ * If the bit is set, all rules with the corresponding set
+ * are disabled. Set RESVD_SET(31) is reserved for the default rule
+ * and rules that are not deleted by the flush command,
+ * and CANNOT be disabled.
+ * Rules in set RESVD_SET can only be deleted explicitly.
+ */
+static u_int32_t set_disable;
+static int fw_verbose;
+static struct callout ipfw_timeout;
+static int verbose_limit;
+
+static uma_zone_t ipfw_dyn_rule_zone;
+
+/*
+ * Data structure to cache our ucred related
+ * information. This structure only gets used if
+ * the user specified UID/GID based constraints in
+ * a firewall rule.
+ */
+struct ip_fw_ugid {
+       gid_t           fw_groups[NGROUPS];
+       int             fw_ngroups;
+       uid_t           fw_uid;
+       int             fw_prid;
+};
+
+/*
+ * list of rules for layer 3
+ */
+struct ip_fw_chain layer3_chain;
+
+MALLOC_DEFINE(M_IPFW, "IpFw/IpAcct", "IpFw/IpAcct chain's");
+MALLOC_DEFINE(M_IPFW_TBL, "ipfw_tbl", "IpFw tables");
+#define IPFW_NAT_LOADED (ipfw_nat_ptr != NULL)
+ipfw_nat_t *ipfw_nat_ptr = NULL;
+ipfw_nat_cfg_t *ipfw_nat_cfg_ptr;
+ipfw_nat_cfg_t *ipfw_nat_del_ptr;
+ipfw_nat_cfg_t *ipfw_nat_get_cfg_ptr;
+ipfw_nat_cfg_t *ipfw_nat_get_log_ptr;
+
+struct table_entry {
+       struct radix_node       rn[2];
+       struct sockaddr_in      addr, mask;
+       u_int32_t               value;
+};
+
+static int autoinc_step = 100; /* bounded to 1..1000 in add_rule() */
+
+extern int ipfw_chg_hook(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
+
+#ifdef SYSCTL_NODE
+SYSCTL_NODE(_net_inet_ip, OID_AUTO, fw, CTLFLAG_RW, 0, "Firewall");
+SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_ip_fw, OID_AUTO, enable,
+    CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_SECURE3, &fw_enable, 0,
+    ipfw_chg_hook, "I", "Enable ipfw");
+SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_ip_fw, OID_AUTO, autoinc_step, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &autoinc_step, 0, "Rule number autincrement step");
+SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_ip_fw, OID_AUTO, one_pass,
+    CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_SECURE3,
+    &fw_one_pass, 0,
+    "Only do a single pass through ipfw when using dummynet(4)");
+SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_ip_fw, OID_AUTO, verbose,
+    CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_SECURE3,
+    &fw_verbose, 0, "Log matches to ipfw rules");
+SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_ip_fw, OID_AUTO, verbose_limit, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &verbose_limit, 0, "Set upper limit of matches of ipfw rules logged");
+SYSCTL_UINT(_net_inet_ip_fw, OID_AUTO, default_rule, CTLFLAG_RD,
+    NULL, IPFW_DEFAULT_RULE, "The default/max possible rule number.");
+SYSCTL_UINT(_net_inet_ip_fw, OID_AUTO, tables_max, CTLFLAG_RD,
+    NULL, IPFW_TABLES_MAX, "The maximum number of tables.");
+#endif /* SYSCTL_NODE */
+
+/*
+ * Description of dynamic rules.
+ *
+ * Dynamic rules are stored in lists accessed through a hash table
+ * (ipfw_dyn_v) whose size is curr_dyn_buckets. This value can
+ * be modified through the sysctl variable dyn_buckets which is
+ * updated when the table becomes empty.
+ *
+ * XXX currently there is only one list, ipfw_dyn.
+ *
+ * When a packet is received, its address fields are first masked
+ * with the mask defined for the rule, then hashed, then matched
+ * against the entries in the corresponding list.
+ * Dynamic rules can be used for different purposes:
+ *  + stateful rules;
+ *  + enforcing limits on the number of sessions;
+ *  + in-kernel NAT (not implemented yet)
+ *
+ * The lifetime of dynamic rules is regulated by dyn_*_lifetime,
+ * measured in seconds and depending on the flags.
+ *
+ * The total number of dynamic rules is stored in dyn_count.
+ * The max number of dynamic rules is dyn_max. When we reach
+ * the maximum number of rules we do not create anymore. This is
+ * done to avoid consuming too much memory, but also too much
+ * time when searching on each packet (ideally, we should try instead
+ * to put a limit on the length of the list on each bucket...).
+ *
+ * Each dynamic rule holds a pointer to the parent ipfw rule so
+ * we know what action to perform. Dynamic rules are removed when
+ * the parent rule is deleted. XXX we should make them survive.
+ *
+ * There are some limitations with dynamic rules -- we do not
+ * obey the 'randomized match', and we do not do multiple
+ * passes through the firewall. XXX check the latter!!!
+ */
+static ipfw_dyn_rule **ipfw_dyn_v = NULL;
+static u_int32_t dyn_buckets = 256; /* must be power of 2 */
+static u_int32_t curr_dyn_buckets = 256; /* must be power of 2 */
+
+#if defined( __linux__ ) || defined( _WIN32 )
+DEFINE_SPINLOCK(ipfw_dyn_mtx);
+#else
+static struct mtx ipfw_dyn_mtx;                /* mutex guarding dynamic rules */
+#endif /* !__linux__ */
+#define        IPFW_DYN_LOCK_INIT() \
+       mtx_init(&ipfw_dyn_mtx, "IPFW dynamic rules", NULL, MTX_DEF)
+#define        IPFW_DYN_LOCK_DESTROY() mtx_destroy(&ipfw_dyn_mtx)
+#define        IPFW_DYN_LOCK()         mtx_lock(&ipfw_dyn_mtx)
+#define        IPFW_DYN_UNLOCK()       mtx_unlock(&ipfw_dyn_mtx)
+#define        IPFW_DYN_LOCK_ASSERT()  mtx_assert(&ipfw_dyn_mtx, MA_OWNED)
+
+/*
+ * Timeouts for various events in handing dynamic rules.
+ */
+static u_int32_t dyn_ack_lifetime = 300;
+static u_int32_t dyn_syn_lifetime = 20;
+static u_int32_t dyn_fin_lifetime = 1;
+static u_int32_t dyn_rst_lifetime = 1;
+static u_int32_t dyn_udp_lifetime = 10;
+static u_int32_t dyn_short_lifetime = 5;
+
+/*
+ * Keepalives are sent if dyn_keepalive is set. They are sent every
+ * dyn_keepalive_period seconds, in the last dyn_keepalive_interval
+ * seconds of lifetime of a rule.
+ * dyn_rst_lifetime and dyn_fin_lifetime should be strictly lower
+ * than dyn_keepalive_period.
+ */
+
+static u_int32_t dyn_keepalive_interval = 20;
+static u_int32_t dyn_keepalive_period = 5;
+static u_int32_t dyn_keepalive = 1;    /* do send keepalives */
+
+static u_int32_t static_count; /* # of static rules */
+static u_int32_t static_len;   /* size in bytes of static rules */
+static u_int32_t dyn_count;            /* # of dynamic rules */
+static u_int32_t dyn_max = 4096;       /* max # of dynamic rules */
+
+#ifdef SYSCTL_NODE
+SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_ip_fw, OID_AUTO, dyn_buckets, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &dyn_buckets, 0, "Number of dyn. buckets");
+SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_ip_fw, OID_AUTO, curr_dyn_buckets, CTLFLAG_RD,
+    &curr_dyn_buckets, 0, "Current Number of dyn. buckets");
+SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_ip_fw, OID_AUTO, dyn_count, CTLFLAG_RD,
+    &dyn_count, 0, "Number of dyn. rules");
+SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_ip_fw, OID_AUTO, dyn_max, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &dyn_max, 0, "Max number of dyn. rules");
+SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_ip_fw, OID_AUTO, static_count, CTLFLAG_RD,
+    &static_count, 0, "Number of static rules");
+SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_ip_fw, OID_AUTO, dyn_ack_lifetime, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &dyn_ack_lifetime, 0, "Lifetime of dyn. rules for acks");
+SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_ip_fw, OID_AUTO, dyn_syn_lifetime, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &dyn_syn_lifetime, 0, "Lifetime of dyn. rules for syn");
+SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_ip_fw, OID_AUTO, dyn_fin_lifetime, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &dyn_fin_lifetime, 0, "Lifetime of dyn. rules for fin");
+SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_ip_fw, OID_AUTO, dyn_rst_lifetime, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &dyn_rst_lifetime, 0, "Lifetime of dyn. rules for rst");
+SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_ip_fw, OID_AUTO, dyn_udp_lifetime, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &dyn_udp_lifetime, 0, "Lifetime of dyn. rules for UDP");
+SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_ip_fw, OID_AUTO, dyn_short_lifetime, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &dyn_short_lifetime, 0, "Lifetime of dyn. rules for other situations");
+SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_ip_fw, OID_AUTO, dyn_keepalive, CTLFLAG_RW,
+    &dyn_keepalive, 0, "Enable keepalives for dyn. rules");
+#endif /* SYSCTL_NODE */
+
+#ifdef INET6
+/*
+ * IPv6 specific variables
+ */
+#ifdef SYSCTL_NODE
+SYSCTL_DECL(_net_inet6_ip6);
+#endif /* SYSCTL_NODE */
+
+static struct sysctl_ctx_list ip6_fw_sysctl_ctx;
+static struct sysctl_oid *ip6_fw_sysctl_tree;
+#endif /* INET6 */
+
+static int fw_deny_unknown_exthdrs = 1;
+
+
+/*
+ * L3HDR maps an ipv4 pointer into a layer3 header pointer of type T
+ * Other macros just cast void * into the appropriate type
+ */
+#define        L3HDR(T, ip)    ((T *)((u_int32_t *)(ip) + (ip)->ip_hl))
+#define        TCP(p)          ((struct tcphdr *)(p))
+#define        SCTP(p)         ((struct sctphdr *)(p))
+#define        UDP(p)          ((struct udphdr *)(p))
+#define        ICMP(p)         ((struct icmphdr *)(p))
+#define        ICMP6(p)        ((struct icmp6_hdr *)(p))
+
+static __inline int
+icmptype_match(struct icmphdr *icmp, ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd)
+{
+       int type = icmp->icmp_type;
+
+       return (type <= ICMP_MAXTYPE && (cmd->d[0] & (1<<type)) );
+}
+
+#define TT     ( (1 << ICMP_ECHO) | (1 << ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT) | \
+    (1 << ICMP_TSTAMP) | (1 << ICMP_IREQ) | (1 << ICMP_MASKREQ) )
+
+static int
+is_icmp_query(struct icmphdr *icmp)
+{
+       int type = icmp->icmp_type;
+
+       return (type <= ICMP_MAXTYPE && (TT & (1<<type)) );
+}
+#undef TT
+
+/*
+ * The following checks use two arrays of 8 or 16 bits to store the
+ * bits that we want set or clear, respectively. They are in the
+ * low and high half of cmd->arg1 or cmd->d[0].
+ *
+ * We scan options and store the bits we find set. We succeed if
+ *
+ *     (want_set & ~bits) == 0 && (want_clear & ~bits) == want_clear
+ *
+ * The code is sometimes optimized not to store additional variables.
+ */
+
+static int
+flags_match(ipfw_insn *cmd, u_int8_t bits)
+{
+       u_char want_clear;
+       bits = ~bits;
+
+       if ( ((cmd->arg1 & 0xff) & bits) != 0)
+               return 0; /* some bits we want set were clear */
+       want_clear = (cmd->arg1 >> 8) & 0xff;
+       if ( (want_clear & bits) != want_clear)
+               return 0; /* some bits we want clear were set */
+       return 1;
+}
+
+static int
+ipopts_match(struct ip *ip, ipfw_insn *cmd)
+{
+       int optlen, bits = 0;
+       u_char *cp = (u_char *)(ip + 1);
+       int x = (ip->ip_hl << 2) - sizeof (struct ip);
+
+       for (; x > 0; x -= optlen, cp += optlen) {
+               int opt = cp[IPOPT_OPTVAL];
+
+               if (opt == IPOPT_EOL)
+                       break;
+               if (opt == IPOPT_NOP)
+                       optlen = 1;
+               else {
+                       optlen = cp[IPOPT_OLEN];
+                       if (optlen <= 0 || optlen > x)
+                               return 0; /* invalid or truncated */
+               }
+               switch (opt) {
+
+               default:
+                       break;
+
+               case IPOPT_LSRR:
+                       bits |= IP_FW_IPOPT_LSRR;
+                       break;
+
+               case IPOPT_SSRR:
+                       bits |= IP_FW_IPOPT_SSRR;
+                       break;
+
+               case IPOPT_RR:
+                       bits |= IP_FW_IPOPT_RR;
+                       break;
+
+               case IPOPT_TS:
+                       bits |= IP_FW_IPOPT_TS;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+       return (flags_match(cmd, bits));
+}
+
+static int
+tcpopts_match(struct tcphdr *tcp, ipfw_insn *cmd)
+{
+       int optlen, bits = 0;
+       u_char *cp = (u_char *)(tcp + 1);
+       int x = (tcp->th_off << 2) - sizeof(struct tcphdr);
+
+       for (; x > 0; x -= optlen, cp += optlen) {
+               int opt = cp[0];
+               if (opt == TCPOPT_EOL)
+                       break;
+               if (opt == TCPOPT_NOP)
+                       optlen = 1;
+               else {
+                       optlen = cp[1];
+                       if (optlen <= 0)
+                               break;
+               }
+
+               switch (opt) {
+
+               default:
+                       break;
+
+               case TCPOPT_MAXSEG:
+                       bits |= IP_FW_TCPOPT_MSS;
+                       break;
+
+               case TCPOPT_WINDOW:
+                       bits |= IP_FW_TCPOPT_WINDOW;
+                       break;
+
+               case TCPOPT_SACK_PERMITTED:
+               case TCPOPT_SACK:
+                       bits |= IP_FW_TCPOPT_SACK;
+                       break;
+
+               case TCPOPT_TIMESTAMP:
+                       bits |= IP_FW_TCPOPT_TS;
+                       break;
+
+               }
+       }
+       return (flags_match(cmd, bits));
+}
+
+static int
+iface_match(struct ifnet *ifp, ipfw_insn_if *cmd)
+{
+       if (ifp == NULL)        /* no iface with this packet, match fails */
+               return 0;
+       /* Check by name or by IP address */
+       if (cmd->name[0] != '\0') { /* match by name */
+               /* Check name */
+               if (cmd->p.glob) {
+                       if (fnmatch(cmd->name, ifp->if_xname, 0) == 0)
+                               return(1);
+               } else {
+                       if (strncmp(ifp->if_xname, cmd->name, IFNAMSIZ) == 0)
+                               return(1);
+               }
+       } else {
+#if !defined( __linux__ ) && !defined( _WIN32 )
+               struct ifaddr *ia;
+
+               /* XXX lock? */
+               TAILQ_FOREACH(ia, &ifp->if_addrhead, ifa_link) {
+                       if (ia->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET)
+                               continue;
+                       if (cmd->p.ip.s_addr == ((struct sockaddr_in *)
+                           (ia->ifa_addr))->sin_addr.s_addr)
+                               return(1);      /* match */
+               }
+#endif
+       }
+       return(0);      /* no match, fail ... */
+}
+
+#if !defined( __linux__ ) && !defined( _WIN32 )
+/*
+ * The verify_path function checks if a route to the src exists and
+ * if it is reachable via ifp (when provided).
+ * 
+ * The 'verrevpath' option checks that the interface that an IP packet
+ * arrives on is the same interface that traffic destined for the
+ * packet's source address would be routed out of.  The 'versrcreach'
+ * option just checks that the source address is reachable via any route
+ * (except default) in the routing table.  These two are a measure to block
+ * forged packets.  This is also commonly known as "anti-spoofing" or Unicast
+ * Reverse Path Forwarding (Unicast RFP) in Cisco-ese. The name of the knobs
+ * is purposely reminiscent of the Cisco IOS command,
+ *
+ *   ip verify unicast reverse-path
+ *   ip verify unicast source reachable-via any
+ *
+ * which implements the same functionality. But note that syntax is
+ * misleading. The check may be performed on all IP packets whether unicast,
+ * multicast, or broadcast.
+ */
+static int
+verify_path(struct in_addr src, struct ifnet *ifp, u_int fib)
+{
+       struct route ro;
+       struct sockaddr_in *dst;
+
+       bzero(&ro, sizeof(ro));
+
+       dst = (struct sockaddr_in *)&(ro.ro_dst);
+       dst->sin_family = AF_INET;
+       dst->sin_len = sizeof(*dst);
+       dst->sin_addr = src;
+       in_rtalloc_ign(&ro, RTF_CLONING, fib);
+
+       if (ro.ro_rt == NULL)
+               return 0;
+
+       /*
+        * If ifp is provided, check for equality with rtentry.
+        * We should use rt->rt_ifa->ifa_ifp, instead of rt->rt_ifp,
+        * in order to pass packets injected back by if_simloop():
+        * if useloopback == 1 routing entry (via lo0) for our own address
+        * may exist, so we need to handle routing assymetry.
+        */
+       if (ifp != NULL && ro.ro_rt->rt_ifa->ifa_ifp != ifp) {
+               RTFREE(ro.ro_rt);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* if no ifp provided, check if rtentry is not default route */
+       if (ifp == NULL &&
+            satosin(rt_key(ro.ro_rt))->sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY) {
+               RTFREE(ro.ro_rt);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* or if this is a blackhole/reject route */
+       if (ifp == NULL && ro.ro_rt->rt_flags & (RTF_REJECT|RTF_BLACKHOLE)) {
+               RTFREE(ro.ro_rt);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* found valid route */
+       RTFREE(ro.ro_rt);
+       return 1;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef INET6
+/*
+ * ipv6 specific rules here...
+ */
+static __inline int
+icmp6type_match (int type, ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd)
+{
+       return (type <= ICMP6_MAXTYPE && (cmd->d[type/32] & (1<<(type%32)) ) );
+}
+
+static int
+flow6id_match( int curr_flow, ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd )
+{
+       int i;
+       for (i=0; i <= cmd->o.arg1; ++i )
+               if (curr_flow == cmd->d[i] )
+                       return 1;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* support for IP6_*_ME opcodes */
+static int
+search_ip6_addr_net (struct in6_addr * ip6_addr)
+{
+       struct ifnet *mdc;
+       struct ifaddr *mdc2;
+       struct in6_ifaddr *fdm;
+       struct in6_addr copia;
+
+       TAILQ_FOREACH(mdc, &ifnet, if_link)
+               TAILQ_FOREACH(mdc2, &mdc->if_addrlist, ifa_list) {
+                       if (mdc2->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET6) {
+                               fdm = (struct in6_ifaddr *)mdc2;
+                               copia = fdm->ia_addr.sin6_addr;
+                               /* need for leaving scope_id in the sock_addr */
+                               in6_clearscope(&copia);
+                               if (IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(ip6_addr, &copia))
+                                       return 1;
+                       }
+               }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+verify_path6(struct in6_addr *src, struct ifnet *ifp)
+{
+       struct route_in6 ro;
+       struct sockaddr_in6 *dst;
+
+       bzero(&ro, sizeof(ro));
+
+       dst = (struct sockaddr_in6 * )&(ro.ro_dst);
+       dst->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
+       dst->sin6_len = sizeof(*dst);
+       dst->sin6_addr = *src;
+       /* XXX MRT 0 for ipv6 at this time */
+       rtalloc_ign((struct route *)&ro, RTF_CLONING);
+
+       if (ro.ro_rt == NULL)
+               return 0;
+
+       /* 
+        * if ifp is provided, check for equality with rtentry
+        * We should use rt->rt_ifa->ifa_ifp, instead of rt->rt_ifp,
+        * to support the case of sending packets to an address of our own.
+        * (where the former interface is the first argument of if_simloop()
+        *  (=ifp), the latter is lo0)
+        */
+       if (ifp != NULL && ro.ro_rt->rt_ifa->ifa_ifp != ifp) {
+               RTFREE(ro.ro_rt);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* if no ifp provided, check if rtentry is not default route */
+       if (ifp == NULL &&
+           IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&satosin6(rt_key(ro.ro_rt))->sin6_addr)) {
+               RTFREE(ro.ro_rt);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* or if this is a blackhole/reject route */
+       if (ifp == NULL && ro.ro_rt->rt_flags & (RTF_REJECT|RTF_BLACKHOLE)) {
+               RTFREE(ro.ro_rt);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* found valid route */
+       RTFREE(ro.ro_rt);
+       return 1;
+
+}
+static __inline int
+hash_packet6(struct ipfw_flow_id *id)
+{
+       u_int32_t i;
+       i = (id->dst_ip6.__u6_addr.__u6_addr32[2]) ^
+           (id->dst_ip6.__u6_addr.__u6_addr32[3]) ^
+           (id->src_ip6.__u6_addr.__u6_addr32[2]) ^
+           (id->src_ip6.__u6_addr.__u6_addr32[3]) ^
+           (id->dst_port) ^ (id->src_port);
+       return i;
+}
+
+static int
+is_icmp6_query(int icmp6_type)
+{
+       if ((icmp6_type <= ICMP6_MAXTYPE) &&
+           (icmp6_type == ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST ||
+           icmp6_type == ICMP6_MEMBERSHIP_QUERY ||
+           icmp6_type == ICMP6_WRUREQUEST ||
+           icmp6_type == ICMP6_FQDN_QUERY ||
+           icmp6_type == ICMP6_NI_QUERY))
+               return (1);
+
+       return (0);
+}
+
+static void
+send_reject6(struct ip_fw_args *args, int code, u_int hlen, struct ip6_hdr *ip6)
+{
+       struct mbuf *m;
+
+       m = args->m;
+       if (code == ICMP6_UNREACH_RST && args->f_id.proto == IPPROTO_TCP) {
+               struct tcphdr *tcp;
+               tcp_seq ack, seq;
+               int flags;
+               struct {
+                       struct ip6_hdr ip6;
+                       struct tcphdr th;
+               } ti;
+               tcp = (struct tcphdr *)((char *)ip6 + hlen);
+
+               if ((tcp->th_flags & TH_RST) != 0) {
+                       m_freem(m);
+                       args->m = NULL;
+                       return;
+               }
+
+               ti.ip6 = *ip6;
+               ti.th = *tcp;
+               ti.th.th_seq = ntohl(ti.th.th_seq);
+               ti.th.th_ack = ntohl(ti.th.th_ack);
+               ti.ip6.ip6_nxt = IPPROTO_TCP;
+
+               if (ti.th.th_flags & TH_ACK) {
+                       ack = 0;
+                       seq = ti.th.th_ack;
+                       flags = TH_RST;
+               } else {
+                       ack = ti.th.th_seq;
+                       if ((m->m_flags & M_PKTHDR) != 0) {
+                               /*
+                                * total new data to ACK is:
+                                * total packet length,
+                                * minus the header length,
+                                * minus the tcp header length.
+                                */
+                               ack += m->m_pkthdr.len - hlen
+                                       - (ti.th.th_off << 2);
+                       } else if (ip6->ip6_plen) {
+                               ack += ntohs(ip6->ip6_plen) + sizeof(*ip6) -
+                                   hlen - (ti.th.th_off << 2);
+                       } else {
+                               m_freem(m);
+                               return;
+                       }
+                       if (tcp->th_flags & TH_SYN)
+                               ack++;
+                       seq = 0;
+                       flags = TH_RST|TH_ACK;
+               }
+               bcopy(&ti, ip6, sizeof(ti));
+               /*
+                * m is only used to recycle the mbuf
+                * The data in it is never read so we don't need
+                * to correct the offsets or anything
+                */
+               tcp_respond(NULL, ip6, tcp, m, ack, seq, flags);
+       } else if (code != ICMP6_UNREACH_RST) { /* Send an ICMPv6 unreach. */
+#if 0
+               /*
+                * Unlike above, the mbufs need to line up with the ip6 hdr,
+                * as the contents are read. We need to m_adj() the
+                * needed amount.
+                * The mbuf will however be thrown away so we can adjust it.
+                * Remember we did an m_pullup on it already so we
+                * can make some assumptions about contiguousness.
+                */
+               if (args->L3offset)
+                       m_adj(m, args->L3offset);
+#endif
+               icmp6_error(m, ICMP6_DST_UNREACH, code, 0);
+       } else
+               m_freem(m);
+
+       args->m = NULL;
+}
+
+#endif /* INET6 */
+
+static u_int64_t norule_counter;       /* counter for ipfw_log(NULL...) */
+
+#define SNPARGS(buf, len) buf + len, sizeof(buf) > len ? sizeof(buf) - len : 0
+#define SNP(buf) buf, sizeof(buf)
+
+/*
+ * We enter here when we have a rule with O_LOG.
+ * XXX this function alone takes about 2Kbytes of code!
+ */
+static void
+ipfw_log(struct ip_fw *f, u_int hlen, struct ip_fw_args *args,
+    struct mbuf *m, struct ifnet *oif, u_short offset, uint32_t tablearg,
+    struct ip *ip)
+{
+       struct ether_header *eh = args->eh;
+       char *action;
+       int limit_reached = 0;
+       char action2[40], proto[128], fragment[32];
+
+       fragment[0] = '\0';
+       proto[0] = '\0';
+
+       if (f == NULL) {        /* bogus pkt */
+               if (verbose_limit != 0 && norule_counter >= verbose_limit)
+                       return;
+               norule_counter++;
+               if (norule_counter == verbose_limit)
+                       limit_reached = verbose_limit;
+               action = "Refuse";
+       } else {        /* O_LOG is the first action, find the real one */
+               ipfw_insn *cmd = ACTION_PTR(f);
+               ipfw_insn_log *l = (ipfw_insn_log *)cmd;
+
+               if (l->max_log != 0 && l->log_left == 0)
+                       return;
+               l->log_left--;
+               if (l->log_left == 0)
+                       limit_reached = l->max_log;
+               cmd += F_LEN(cmd);      /* point to first action */
+               if (cmd->opcode == O_ALTQ) {
+                       ipfw_insn_altq *altq = (ipfw_insn_altq *)cmd;
+
+                       snprintf(SNPARGS(action2, 0), "Altq %d",
+                               altq->qid);
+                       cmd += F_LEN(cmd);
+               }
+               if (cmd->opcode == O_PROB)
+                       cmd += F_LEN(cmd);
+
+               if (cmd->opcode == O_TAG)
+                       cmd += F_LEN(cmd);
+
+               action = action2;
+               switch (cmd->opcode) {
+               case O_DENY:
+                       action = "Deny";
+                       break;
+
+               case O_REJECT:
+                       if (cmd->arg1==ICMP_REJECT_RST)
+                               action = "Reset";
+                       else if (cmd->arg1==ICMP_UNREACH_HOST)
+                               action = "Reject";
+                       else
+                               snprintf(SNPARGS(action2, 0), "Unreach %d",
+                                       cmd->arg1);
+                       break;
+
+               case O_UNREACH6:
+                       if (cmd->arg1==ICMP6_UNREACH_RST)
+                               action = "Reset";
+                       else
+                               snprintf(SNPARGS(action2, 0), "Unreach %d",
+                                       cmd->arg1);
+                       break;
+
+               case O_ACCEPT:
+                       action = "Accept";
+                       break;
+               case O_COUNT:
+                       action = "Count";
+                       break;
+               case O_DIVERT:
+                       snprintf(SNPARGS(action2, 0), "Divert %d",
+                               cmd->arg1);
+                       break;
+               case O_TEE:
+                       snprintf(SNPARGS(action2, 0), "Tee %d",
+                               cmd->arg1);
+                       break;
+               case O_SETFIB:
+                       snprintf(SNPARGS(action2, 0), "SetFib %d",
+                               cmd->arg1);
+                       break;
+               case O_SKIPTO:
+                       snprintf(SNPARGS(action2, 0), "SkipTo %d",
+                               cmd->arg1);
+                       break;
+               case O_PIPE:
+                       snprintf(SNPARGS(action2, 0), "Pipe %d",
+                               cmd->arg1);
+                       break;
+               case O_QUEUE:
+                       snprintf(SNPARGS(action2, 0), "Queue %d",
+                               cmd->arg1);
+                       break;
+               case O_FORWARD_IP: {
+                       ipfw_insn_sa *sa = (ipfw_insn_sa *)cmd;
+                       int len;
+                       struct in_addr dummyaddr;
+                       if (sa->sa.sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY)
+                               dummyaddr.s_addr = htonl(tablearg);
+                       else
+                               dummyaddr.s_addr = sa->sa.sin_addr.s_addr;
+
+                       len = snprintf(SNPARGS(action2, 0), "Forward to %s",
+                               inet_ntoa(dummyaddr));
+
+                       if (sa->sa.sin_port)
+                               snprintf(SNPARGS(action2, len), ":%d",
+                                   sa->sa.sin_port);
+                       }
+                       break;
+               case O_NETGRAPH:
+                       snprintf(SNPARGS(action2, 0), "Netgraph %d",
+                               cmd->arg1);
+                       break;
+               case O_NGTEE:
+                       snprintf(SNPARGS(action2, 0), "Ngtee %d",
+                               cmd->arg1);
+                       break;
+               case O_NAT:
+                       action = "Nat";
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       action = "UNKNOWN";
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (hlen == 0) {        /* non-ip */
+               snprintf(SNPARGS(proto, 0), "MAC");
+
+       } else {
+               int len;
+               char src[48], dst[48];
+               struct icmphdr *icmp;
+               struct tcphdr *tcp;
+               struct udphdr *udp;
+#ifdef INET6
+               struct ip6_hdr *ip6 = NULL;
+               struct icmp6_hdr *icmp6;
+#endif
+               src[0] = '\0';
+               dst[0] = '\0';
+#ifdef INET6
+               if (IS_IP6_FLOW_ID(&(args->f_id))) {
+                       char ip6buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
+                       snprintf(src, sizeof(src), "[%s]",
+                           ip6_sprintf(ip6buf, &args->f_id.src_ip6));
+                       snprintf(dst, sizeof(dst), "[%s]",
+                           ip6_sprintf(ip6buf, &args->f_id.dst_ip6));
+
+                       ip6 = (struct ip6_hdr *)ip;
+                       tcp = (struct tcphdr *)(((char *)ip) + hlen);
+                       udp = (struct udphdr *)(((char *)ip) + hlen);
+               } else
+#endif
+               {
+                       tcp = L3HDR(struct tcphdr, ip);
+                       udp = L3HDR(struct udphdr, ip);
+
+                       inet_ntoa_r(ip->ip_src, src);
+                       inet_ntoa_r(ip->ip_dst, dst);
+               }
+
+               switch (args->f_id.proto) {
+               case IPPROTO_TCP:
+                       len = snprintf(SNPARGS(proto, 0), "TCP %s", src);
+                       if (offset == 0)
+                               snprintf(SNPARGS(proto, len), ":%d %s:%d",
+                                   ntohs(tcp->th_sport),
+                                   dst,
+                                   ntohs(tcp->th_dport));
+                       else
+                               snprintf(SNPARGS(proto, len), " %s", dst);
+                       break;
+
+               case IPPROTO_UDP:
+                       len = snprintf(SNPARGS(proto, 0), "UDP %s", src);
+                       if (offset == 0)
+                               snprintf(SNPARGS(proto, len), ":%d %s:%d",
+                                   ntohs(udp->uh_sport),
+                                   dst,
+                                   ntohs(udp->uh_dport));
+                       else
+                               snprintf(SNPARGS(proto, len), " %s", dst);
+                       break;
+
+               case IPPROTO_ICMP:
+                       icmp = L3HDR(struct icmphdr, ip);
+                       if (offset == 0)
+                               len = snprintf(SNPARGS(proto, 0),
+                                   "ICMP:%u.%u ",
+                                   icmp->icmp_type, icmp->icmp_code);
+                       else
+                               len = snprintf(SNPARGS(proto, 0), "ICMP ");
+                       len += snprintf(SNPARGS(proto, len), "%s", src);
+                       snprintf(SNPARGS(proto, len), " %s", dst);
+                       break;
+#ifdef INET6
+               case IPPROTO_ICMPV6:
+                       icmp6 = (struct icmp6_hdr *)(((char *)ip) + hlen);
+                       if (offset == 0)
+                               len = snprintf(SNPARGS(proto, 0),
+                                   "ICMPv6:%u.%u ",
+                                   icmp6->icmp6_type, icmp6->icmp6_code);
+                       else
+                               len = snprintf(SNPARGS(proto, 0), "ICMPv6 ");
+                       len += snprintf(SNPARGS(proto, len), "%s", src);
+                       snprintf(SNPARGS(proto, len), " %s", dst);
+                       break;
+#endif
+               default:
+                       len = snprintf(SNPARGS(proto, 0), "P:%d %s",
+                           args->f_id.proto, src);
+                       snprintf(SNPARGS(proto, len), " %s", dst);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+#ifdef INET6
+               if (IS_IP6_FLOW_ID(&(args->f_id))) {
+                       if (offset & (IP6F_OFF_MASK | IP6F_MORE_FRAG))
+                               snprintf(SNPARGS(fragment, 0),
+                                   " (frag %08x:%d@%d%s)",
+                                   args->f_id.frag_id6,
+                                   ntohs(ip6->ip6_plen) - hlen,
+                                   ntohs(offset & IP6F_OFF_MASK) << 3,
+                                   (offset & IP6F_MORE_FRAG) ? "+" : "");
+               } else
+#endif
+               {
+                       int ip_off, ip_len;
+                       if (1 || eh != NULL) { /* layer 2 packets are as on the wire */
+                               ip_off = ntohs(ip->ip_off);
+                               ip_len = ntohs(ip->ip_len);
+                       } else {
+                               ip_off = ip->ip_off;
+                               ip_len = ip->ip_len;
+                       }
+                       if (ip_off & (IP_MF | IP_OFFMASK))
+                               snprintf(SNPARGS(fragment, 0),
+                                   " (frag %d:%d@%d%s)",
+                                   ntohs(ip->ip_id), ip_len - (ip->ip_hl << 2),
+                                   offset << 3,
+                                   (ip_off & IP_MF) ? "+" : "");
+               }
+       }
+       if (oif || m->m_pkthdr.rcvif)
+               log(LOG_SECURITY | LOG_INFO,
+                   "ipfw: %d %s %s %s via %s%s\n",
+                   f ? f->rulenum : -1,
+                   action, proto, oif ? "out" : "in",
+                   oif ? oif->if_xname : m->m_pkthdr.rcvif->if_xname,
+                   fragment);
+       else
+               log(LOG_SECURITY | LOG_INFO,
+                   "ipfw: %d %s %s [no if info]%s\n",
+                   f ? f->rulenum : -1,
+                   action, proto, fragment);
+       if (limit_reached)
+               log(LOG_SECURITY | LOG_NOTICE,
+                   "ipfw: limit %d reached on entry %d\n",
+                   limit_reached, f ? f->rulenum : -1);
+}
+
+/*
+ * IMPORTANT: the hash function for dynamic rules must be commutative
+ * in source and destination (ip,port), because rules are bidirectional
+ * and we want to find both in the same bucket.
+ */
+static __inline int
+hash_packet(struct ipfw_flow_id *id)
+{
+       u_int32_t i;
+
+#ifdef INET6
+       if (IS_IP6_FLOW_ID(id)) 
+               i = hash_packet6(id);
+       else
+#endif /* INET6 */
+       i = (id->dst_ip) ^ (id->src_ip) ^ (id->dst_port) ^ (id->src_port);
+       i &= (curr_dyn_buckets - 1);
+       return i;
+}
+
+/**
+ * unlink a dynamic rule from a chain. prev is a pointer to
+ * the previous one, q is a pointer to the rule to delete,
+ * head is a pointer to the head of the queue.
+ * Modifies q and potentially also head.
+ */
+#define UNLINK_DYN_RULE(prev, head, q) {                               \
+       ipfw_dyn_rule *old_q = q;                                       \
+                                                                       \
+       /* remove a refcount to the parent */                           \
+       if (q->dyn_type == O_LIMIT)                                     \
+               q->parent->count--;                                     \
+       DEB(printf("ipfw: unlink entry 0x%08x %d -> 0x%08x %d, %d left\n",\
+               (q->id.src_ip), (q->id.src_port),                       \
+               (q->id.dst_ip), (q->id.dst_port), dyn_count-1 ); )      \
+       if (prev != NULL)                                               \
+               prev->next = q = q->next;                               \
+       else                                                            \
+               head = q = q->next;                                     \
+       dyn_count--;                                                    \
+       uma_zfree(ipfw_dyn_rule_zone, old_q); }
+
+#define TIME_LEQ(a,b)       ((int)((a)-(b)) <= 0)
+
+/**
+ * Remove dynamic rules pointing to "rule", or all of them if rule == NULL.
+ *
+ * If keep_me == NULL, rules are deleted even if not expired,
+ * otherwise only expired rules are removed.
+ *
+ * The value of the second parameter is also used to point to identify
+ * a rule we absolutely do not want to remove (e.g. because we are
+ * holding a reference to it -- this is the case with O_LIMIT_PARENT
+ * rules). The pointer is only used for comparison, so any non-null
+ * value will do.
+ */
+static void
+remove_dyn_rule(struct ip_fw *rule, ipfw_dyn_rule *keep_me)
+{
+       static u_int32_t last_remove = 0;
+
+#define FORCE (keep_me == NULL)
+
+       ipfw_dyn_rule *prev, *q;
+       int i, pass = 0, max_pass = 0;
+
+       IPFW_DYN_LOCK_ASSERT();
+
+       if (ipfw_dyn_v == NULL || dyn_count == 0)
+               return;
+       /* do not expire more than once per second, it is useless */
+       if (!FORCE && last_remove == time_uptime)
+               return;
+       last_remove = time_uptime;
+
+       /*
+        * because O_LIMIT refer to parent rules, during the first pass only
+        * remove child and mark any pending LIMIT_PARENT, and remove
+        * them in a second pass.
+        */
+next_pass:
+       for (i = 0 ; i < curr_dyn_buckets ; i++) {
+               for (prev=NULL, q = ipfw_dyn_v[i] ; q ; ) {
+                       /*
+                        * Logic can become complex here, so we split tests.
+                        */
+                       if (q == keep_me)
+                               goto next;
+                       if (rule != NULL && rule != q->rule)
+                               goto next; /* not the one we are looking for */
+                       if (q->dyn_type == O_LIMIT_PARENT) {
+                               /*
+                                * handle parent in the second pass,
+                                * record we need one.
+                                */
+                               max_pass = 1;
+                               if (pass == 0)
+                                       goto next;
+                               if (FORCE && q->count != 0 ) {
+                                       /* XXX should not happen! */
+                                       printf("ipfw: OUCH! cannot remove rule,"
+                                            " count %d\n", q->count);
+                               }
+                       } else {
+                               if (!FORCE &&
+                                   !TIME_LEQ( q->expire, time_uptime ))
+                                       goto next;
+                       }
+             if (q->dyn_type != O_LIMIT_PARENT || !q->count) {
+                     UNLINK_DYN_RULE(prev, ipfw_dyn_v[i], q);
+                     continue;
+             }
+next:
+                       prev=q;
+                       q=q->next;
+               }
+       }
+       if (pass++ < max_pass)
+               goto next_pass;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * lookup a dynamic rule.
+ */
+static ipfw_dyn_rule *
+lookup_dyn_rule_locked(struct ipfw_flow_id *pkt, int *match_direction,
+    struct tcphdr *tcp)
+{
+       /*
+        * stateful ipfw extensions.
+        * Lookup into dynamic session queue
+        */
+#define MATCH_REVERSE  0
+#define MATCH_FORWARD  1
+#define MATCH_NONE     2
+#define MATCH_UNKNOWN  3
+       int i, dir = MATCH_NONE;
+       ipfw_dyn_rule *prev, *q=NULL;
+
+       IPFW_DYN_LOCK_ASSERT();
+
+       if (ipfw_dyn_v == NULL)
+               goto done;      /* not found */
+       i = hash_packet( pkt );
+       for (prev=NULL, q = ipfw_dyn_v[i] ; q != NULL ; ) {
+               if (q->dyn_type == O_LIMIT_PARENT && q->count)
+                       goto next;
+               if (TIME_LEQ( q->expire, time_uptime)) { /* expire entry */
+                       UNLINK_DYN_RULE(prev, ipfw_dyn_v[i], q);
+                       continue;
+               }
+               if (pkt->proto == q->id.proto &&
+                   q->dyn_type != O_LIMIT_PARENT) {
+                       if (IS_IP6_FLOW_ID(pkt)) {
+                           if (IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&(pkt->src_ip6),
+                               &(q->id.src_ip6)) &&
+                           IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&(pkt->dst_ip6),
+                               &(q->id.dst_ip6)) &&
+                           pkt->src_port == q->id.src_port &&
+                           pkt->dst_port == q->id.dst_port ) {
+                               dir = MATCH_FORWARD;
+                               break;
+                           }
+                           if (IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&(pkt->src_ip6),
+                                   &(q->id.dst_ip6)) &&
+                               IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&(pkt->dst_ip6),
+                                   &(q->id.src_ip6)) &&
+                               pkt->src_port == q->id.dst_port &&
+                               pkt->dst_port == q->id.src_port ) {
+                                   dir = MATCH_REVERSE;
+                                   break;
+                           }
+                       } else {
+                           if (pkt->src_ip == q->id.src_ip &&
+                               pkt->dst_ip == q->id.dst_ip &&
+                               pkt->src_port == q->id.src_port &&
+                               pkt->dst_port == q->id.dst_port ) {
+                                   dir = MATCH_FORWARD;
+                                   break;
+                           }
+                           if (pkt->src_ip == q->id.dst_ip &&
+                               pkt->dst_ip == q->id.src_ip &&
+                               pkt->src_port == q->id.dst_port &&
+                               pkt->dst_port == q->id.src_port ) {
+                                   dir = MATCH_REVERSE;
+                                   break;
+                           }
+                       }
+               }
+next:
+               prev = q;
+               q = q->next;
+       }
+       if (q == NULL)
+               goto done; /* q = NULL, not found */
+
+       if ( prev != NULL) { /* found and not in front */
+               prev->next = q->next;
+               q->next = ipfw_dyn_v[i];
+               ipfw_dyn_v[i] = q;
+       }
+       if (pkt->proto == IPPROTO_TCP) { /* update state according to flags */
+               u_char flags = pkt->flags & (TH_FIN|TH_SYN|TH_RST);
+
+#define BOTH_SYN       (TH_SYN | (TH_SYN << 8))
+#define BOTH_FIN       (TH_FIN | (TH_FIN << 8))
+               q->state |= (dir == MATCH_FORWARD ) ? flags : (flags << 8);
+               switch (q->state) {
+               case TH_SYN:                            /* opening */
+                       q->expire = time_uptime + dyn_syn_lifetime;
+                       break;
+
+               case BOTH_SYN:                  /* move to established */
+               case BOTH_SYN | TH_FIN :        /* one side tries to close */
+               case BOTH_SYN | (TH_FIN << 8) :
+                       if (tcp) {
+#define _SEQ_GE(a,b) ((int)(a) - (int)(b) >= 0)
+                           u_int32_t ack = ntohl(tcp->th_ack);
+                           if (dir == MATCH_FORWARD) {
+                               if (q->ack_fwd == 0 || _SEQ_GE(ack, q->ack_fwd))
+                                   q->ack_fwd = ack;
+                               else { /* ignore out-of-sequence */
+                                   break;
+                               }
+                           } else {
+                               if (q->ack_rev == 0 || _SEQ_GE(ack, q->ack_rev))
+                                   q->ack_rev = ack;
+                               else { /* ignore out-of-sequence */
+                                   break;
+                               }
+                           }
+                       }
+                       q->expire = time_uptime + dyn_ack_lifetime;
+                       break;
+
+               case BOTH_SYN | BOTH_FIN:       /* both sides closed */
+                       if (dyn_fin_lifetime >= dyn_keepalive_period)
+                               dyn_fin_lifetime = dyn_keepalive_period - 1;
+                       q->expire = time_uptime + dyn_fin_lifetime;
+                       break;
+
+               default:
+#if 0
+                       /*
+                        * reset or some invalid combination, but can also
+                        * occur if we use keep-state the wrong way.
+                        */
+                       if ( (q->state & ((TH_RST << 8)|TH_RST)) == 0)
+                               printf("invalid state: 0x%x\n", q->state);
+#endif
+                       if (dyn_rst_lifetime >= dyn_keepalive_period)
+                               dyn_rst_lifetime = dyn_keepalive_period - 1;
+                       q->expire = time_uptime + dyn_rst_lifetime;
+                       break;
+               }
+       } else if (pkt->proto == IPPROTO_UDP) {
+               q->expire = time_uptime + dyn_udp_lifetime;
+       } else {
+               /* other protocols */
+               q->expire = time_uptime + dyn_short_lifetime;
+       }
+done:
+       if (match_direction)
+               *match_direction = dir;
+       return q;
+}
+
+static ipfw_dyn_rule *
+lookup_dyn_rule(struct ipfw_flow_id *pkt, int *match_direction,
+    struct tcphdr *tcp)
+{
+       ipfw_dyn_rule *q;
+
+       IPFW_DYN_LOCK();
+       q = lookup_dyn_rule_locked(pkt, match_direction, tcp);
+       if (q == NULL)
+               IPFW_DYN_UNLOCK();
+       /* NB: return table locked when q is not NULL */
+       return q;
+}
+
+static void
+realloc_dynamic_table(void)
+{
+       IPFW_DYN_LOCK_ASSERT();
+
+       /*
+        * Try reallocation, make sure we have a power of 2 and do
+        * not allow more than 64k entries. In case of overflow,
+        * default to 1024.
+        */
+
+       if (dyn_buckets > 65536)
+               dyn_buckets = 1024;
+       if ((dyn_buckets & (dyn_buckets-1)) != 0) { /* not a power of 2 */
+               dyn_buckets = curr_dyn_buckets; /* reset */
+               return;
+       }
+       curr_dyn_buckets = dyn_buckets;
+       if (ipfw_dyn_v != NULL)
+               free(ipfw_dyn_v, M_IPFW);
+       for (;;) {
+               ipfw_dyn_v = malloc(curr_dyn_buckets * sizeof(ipfw_dyn_rule *),
+                      M_IPFW, M_NOWAIT | M_ZERO);
+               if (ipfw_dyn_v != NULL || curr_dyn_buckets <= 2)
+                       break;
+               curr_dyn_buckets /= 2;
+       }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Install state of type 'type' for a dynamic session.
+ * The hash table contains two type of rules:
+ * - regular rules (O_KEEP_STATE)
+ * - rules for sessions with limited number of sess per user
+ *   (O_LIMIT). When they are created, the parent is
+ *   increased by 1, and decreased on delete. In this case,
+ *   the third parameter is the parent rule and not the chain.
+ * - "parent" rules for the above (O_LIMIT_PARENT).
+ */
+static ipfw_dyn_rule *
+add_dyn_rule(struct ipfw_flow_id *id, u_int8_t dyn_type, struct ip_fw *rule)
+{
+       ipfw_dyn_rule *r;
+       int i;
+
+       IPFW_DYN_LOCK_ASSERT();
+
+       if (ipfw_dyn_v == NULL ||
+           (dyn_count == 0 && dyn_buckets != curr_dyn_buckets)) {
+               realloc_dynamic_table();
+               if (ipfw_dyn_v == NULL)
+                       return NULL; /* failed ! */
+       }
+       i = hash_packet(id);
+
+       r = uma_zalloc(ipfw_dyn_rule_zone, M_NOWAIT | M_ZERO);
+       if (r == NULL) {
+               printf ("ipfw: sorry cannot allocate state\n");
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+       /* increase refcount on parent, and set pointer */
+       if (dyn_type == O_LIMIT) {
+               ipfw_dyn_rule *parent = (ipfw_dyn_rule *)rule;
+               if ( parent->dyn_type != O_LIMIT_PARENT)
+                       panic("invalid parent");
+               parent->count++;
+               r->parent = parent;
+               rule = parent->rule;
+       }
+
+       r->id = *id;
+       r->expire = time_uptime + dyn_syn_lifetime;
+       r->rule = rule;
+       r->dyn_type = dyn_type;
+       r->pcnt = r->bcnt = 0;
+       r->count = 0;
+
+       r->bucket = i;
+       r->next = ipfw_dyn_v[i];
+       ipfw_dyn_v[i] = r;
+       dyn_count++;
+       DEB(printf("ipfw: add dyn entry ty %d 0x%08x %d -> 0x%08x %d, total %d\n",
+          dyn_type,
+          (r->id.src_ip), (r->id.src_port),
+          (r->id.dst_ip), (r->id.dst_port),
+          dyn_count ); )
+       return r;
+}
+
+/**
+ * lookup dynamic parent rule using pkt and rule as search keys.
+ * If the lookup fails, then install one.
+ */
+static ipfw_dyn_rule *
+lookup_dyn_parent(struct ipfw_flow_id *pkt, struct ip_fw *rule)
+{
+       ipfw_dyn_rule *q;
+       int i;
+
+       IPFW_DYN_LOCK_ASSERT();
+
+       if (ipfw_dyn_v) {
+               int is_v6 = IS_IP6_FLOW_ID(pkt);
+               i = hash_packet( pkt );
+               for (q = ipfw_dyn_v[i] ; q != NULL ; q=q->next)
+                       if (q->dyn_type == O_LIMIT_PARENT &&
+                           rule== q->rule &&
+                           pkt->proto == q->id.proto &&
+                           pkt->src_port == q->id.src_port &&
+                           pkt->dst_port == q->id.dst_port &&
+                           (
+                               (is_v6 &&
+                                IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&(pkt->src_ip6),
+                                       &(q->id.src_ip6)) &&
+                                IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&(pkt->dst_ip6),
+                                       &(q->id.dst_ip6))) ||
+                               (!is_v6 &&
+                                pkt->src_ip == q->id.src_ip &&
+                                pkt->dst_ip == q->id.dst_ip)
+                           )
+                       ) {
+                               q->expire = time_uptime + dyn_short_lifetime;
+                               DEB(printf("ipfw: lookup_dyn_parent found 0x%p\n",q);)
+                               return q;
+                       }
+       }
+       return add_dyn_rule(pkt, O_LIMIT_PARENT, rule);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Install dynamic state for rule type cmd->o.opcode
+ *
+ * Returns 1 (failure) if state is not installed because of errors or because
+ * session limitations are enforced.
+ */
+static int
+install_state(struct ip_fw *rule, ipfw_insn_limit *cmd,
+    struct ip_fw_args *args, uint32_t tablearg)
+{
+       static int last_log;
+       ipfw_dyn_rule *q;
+       struct in_addr da;
+       char src[48], dst[48];
+
+       src[0] = '\0';
+       dst[0] = '\0';
+
+       DEB(
+       printf("ipfw: %s: type %d 0x%08x %u -> 0x%08x %u\n",
+           __func__, cmd->o.opcode,
+           (args->f_id.src_ip), (args->f_id.src_port),
+           (args->f_id.dst_ip), (args->f_id.dst_port));
+       )
+
+       IPFW_DYN_LOCK();
+
+       q = lookup_dyn_rule_locked(&args->f_id, NULL, NULL);
+
+       if (q != NULL) {        /* should never occur */
+               if (last_log != time_uptime) {
+                       last_log = time_uptime;
+                       printf("ipfw: %s: entry already present, done\n",
+                           __func__);
+               }
+               IPFW_DYN_UNLOCK();
+               return (0);
+       }
+
+       if (dyn_count >= dyn_max)
+               /* Run out of slots, try to remove any expired rule. */
+               remove_dyn_rule(NULL, (ipfw_dyn_rule *)1);
+
+       if (dyn_count >= dyn_max) {
+               if (last_log != time_uptime) {
+                       last_log = time_uptime;
+                       printf("ipfw: %s: Too many dynamic rules\n", __func__);
+               }
+               IPFW_DYN_UNLOCK();
+               return (1);     /* cannot install, notify caller */
+       }
+
+       switch (cmd->o.opcode) {
+       case O_KEEP_STATE:      /* bidir rule */
+               add_dyn_rule(&args->f_id, O_KEEP_STATE, rule);
+               break;
+
+       case O_LIMIT: {         /* limit number of sessions */
+               struct ipfw_flow_id id;
+               ipfw_dyn_rule *parent;
+               uint32_t conn_limit;
+               uint16_t limit_mask = cmd->limit_mask;
+
+               conn_limit = (cmd->conn_limit == IP_FW_TABLEARG) ?
+                   tablearg : cmd->conn_limit;
+                 
+               DEB(
+               if (cmd->conn_limit == IP_FW_TABLEARG)
+                       printf("ipfw: %s: O_LIMIT rule, conn_limit: %u "
+                           "(tablearg)\n", __func__, conn_limit);
+               else
+                       printf("ipfw: %s: O_LIMIT rule, conn_limit: %u\n",
+                           __func__, conn_limit);
+               )
+
+               id.dst_ip = id.src_ip = id.dst_port = id.src_port = 0;
+               id.proto = args->f_id.proto;
+               id.addr_type = args->f_id.addr_type;
+               id.fib = M_GETFIB(args->m);
+
+               if (IS_IP6_FLOW_ID (&(args->f_id))) {
+                       if (limit_mask & DYN_SRC_ADDR)
+                               id.src_ip6 = args->f_id.src_ip6;
+                       if (limit_mask & DYN_DST_ADDR)
+                               id.dst_ip6 = args->f_id.dst_ip6;
+               } else {
+                       if (limit_mask & DYN_SRC_ADDR)
+                               id.src_ip = args->f_id.src_ip;
+                       if (limit_mask & DYN_DST_ADDR)
+                               id.dst_ip = args->f_id.dst_ip;
+               }
+               if (limit_mask & DYN_SRC_PORT)
+                       id.src_port = args->f_id.src_port;
+               if (limit_mask & DYN_DST_PORT)
+                       id.dst_port = args->f_id.dst_port;
+               if ((parent = lookup_dyn_parent(&id, rule)) == NULL) {
+                       printf("ipfw: %s: add parent failed\n", __func__);
+                       IPFW_DYN_UNLOCK();
+                       return (1);
+               }
+
+               if (parent->count >= conn_limit) {
+                       /* See if we can remove some expired rule. */
+                       remove_dyn_rule(rule, parent);
+                       if (parent->count >= conn_limit) {
+                               if (fw_verbose && last_log != time_uptime) {
+                                       last_log = time_uptime;
+#ifdef INET6
+                                       /*
+                                        * XXX IPv6 flows are not
+                                        * supported yet.
+                                        */
+                                       if (IS_IP6_FLOW_ID(&(args->f_id))) {
+                                               char ip6buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
+                                               snprintf(src, sizeof(src),
+                                                   "[%s]", ip6_sprintf(ip6buf,
+                                                       &args->f_id.src_ip6));
+                                               snprintf(dst, sizeof(dst),
+                                                   "[%s]", ip6_sprintf(ip6buf,
+                                                       &args->f_id.dst_ip6));
+                                       } else
+#endif
+                                       {
+                                               da.s_addr =
+                                                   htonl(args->f_id.src_ip);
+                                               inet_ntoa_r(da, src);
+                                               da.s_addr =
+                                                   htonl(args->f_id.dst_ip);
+                                               inet_ntoa_r(da, dst);
+                                       }
+                                       log(LOG_SECURITY | LOG_DEBUG,
+                                           "ipfw: %d %s %s:%u -> %s:%u, %s\n",
+                                           parent->rule->rulenum,
+                                           "drop session",
+                                           src, (args->f_id.src_port),
+                                           dst, (args->f_id.dst_port),
+                                           "too many entries");
+                               }
+                               IPFW_DYN_UNLOCK();
+                               return (1);
+                       }
+               }
+               add_dyn_rule(&args->f_id, O_LIMIT, (struct ip_fw *)parent);
+               break;
+       }
+       default:
+               printf("ipfw: %s: unknown dynamic rule type %u\n",
+                   __func__, cmd->o.opcode);
+               IPFW_DYN_UNLOCK();
+               return (1);
+       }
+
+       /* XXX just set lifetime */
+       lookup_dyn_rule_locked(&args->f_id, NULL, NULL);
+
+       IPFW_DYN_UNLOCK();
+       return (0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Generate a TCP packet, containing either a RST or a keepalive.
+ * When flags & TH_RST, we are sending a RST packet, because of a
+ * "reset" action matched the packet.
+ * Otherwise we are sending a keepalive, and flags & TH_
+ * The 'replyto' mbuf is the mbuf being replied to, if any, and is required
+ * so that MAC can label the reply appropriately.
+ */
+static struct mbuf *
+send_pkt(struct mbuf *replyto, struct ipfw_flow_id *id, u_int32_t seq,
+    u_int32_t ack, int flags)
+{
+#if defined( __linux__ ) || defined( _WIN32 )
+       return NULL;
+#else
+       struct mbuf *m;
+       struct ip *ip;
+       struct tcphdr *tcp;
+
+       MGETHDR(m, M_DONTWAIT, MT_DATA);
+       if (m == 0)
+               return (NULL);
+       m->m_pkthdr.rcvif = (struct ifnet *)0;
+
+       M_SETFIB(m, id->fib);
+#ifdef MAC
+       if (replyto != NULL)
+               mac_create_mbuf_netlayer(replyto, m);
+       else
+               mac_create_mbuf_from_firewall(m);
+#else
+       (void)replyto;          /* don't warn about unused arg */
+#endif
+
+       m->m_pkthdr.len = m->m_len = sizeof(struct ip) + sizeof(struct tcphdr);
+       m->m_data += max_linkhdr;
+
+       ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
+       bzero(ip, m->m_len);
+       tcp = (struct tcphdr *)(ip + 1); /* no IP options */
+       ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_TCP;
+       tcp->th_off = 5;
+       /*
+        * Assume we are sending a RST (or a keepalive in the reverse
+        * direction), swap src and destination addresses and ports.
+        */
+       ip->ip_src.s_addr = htonl(id->dst_ip);
+       ip->ip_dst.s_addr = htonl(id->src_ip);
+       tcp->th_sport = htons(id->dst_port);
+       tcp->th_dport = htons(id->src_port);
+       if (flags & TH_RST) {   /* we are sending a RST */
+               if (flags & TH_ACK) {
+                       tcp->th_seq = htonl(ack);
+                       tcp->th_ack = htonl(0);
+                       tcp->th_flags = TH_RST;
+               } else {
+                       if (flags & TH_SYN)
+                               seq++;
+                       tcp->th_seq = htonl(0);
+                       tcp->th_ack = htonl(seq);
+                       tcp->th_flags = TH_RST | TH_ACK;
+               }
+       } else {
+               /*
+                * We are sending a keepalive. flags & TH_SYN determines
+                * the direction, forward if set, reverse if clear.
+                * NOTE: seq and ack are always assumed to be correct
+                * as set by the caller. This may be confusing...
+                */
+               if (flags & TH_SYN) {
+                       /*
+                        * we have to rewrite the correct addresses!
+                        */
+                       ip->ip_dst.s_addr = htonl(id->dst_ip);
+                       ip->ip_src.s_addr = htonl(id->src_ip);
+                       tcp->th_dport = htons(id->dst_port);
+                       tcp->th_sport = htons(id->src_port);
+               }
+               tcp->th_seq = htonl(seq);
+               tcp->th_ack = htonl(ack);
+               tcp->th_flags = TH_ACK;
+       }
+       /*
+        * set ip_len to the payload size so we can compute
+        * the tcp checksum on the pseudoheader
+        * XXX check this, could save a couple of words ?
+        */
+       ip->ip_len = htons(sizeof(struct tcphdr));
+       tcp->th_sum = in_cksum(m, m->m_pkthdr.len);
+       /*
+        * now fill fields left out earlier
+        */
+       ip->ip_ttl = ip_defttl;
+       ip->ip_len = m->m_pkthdr.len;
+       m->m_flags |= M_SKIP_FIREWALL;
+       return (m);
+#endif /* !__linux__ */
+}
+
+/*
+ * sends a reject message, consuming the mbuf passed as an argument.
+ */
+static void
+send_reject(struct ip_fw_args *args, int code, int ip_len, struct ip *ip)
+{
+
+#if 0
+       /* XXX When ip is not guaranteed to be at mtod() we will
+        * need to account for this */
+        * The mbuf will however be thrown away so we can adjust it.
+        * Remember we did an m_pullup on it already so we
+        * can make some assumptions about contiguousness.
+        */
+       if (args->L3offset)
+               m_adj(m, args->L3offset);
+#endif
+       if (code != ICMP_REJECT_RST) { /* Send an ICMP unreach */
+               /* We need the IP header in host order for icmp_error(). */
+#if !defined( __linux__ ) && !defined( _WIN32 )
+               if (args->eh != NULL) {
+                       ip->ip_len = ntohs(ip->ip_len);
+                       ip->ip_off = ntohs(ip->ip_off);
+               }
+#endif
+               icmp_error(args->m, ICMP_UNREACH, code, 0L, 0);
+       } else if (args->f_id.proto == IPPROTO_TCP) {
+               struct tcphdr *const tcp =
+                   L3HDR(struct tcphdr, mtod(args->m, struct ip *));
+               if ( (tcp->th_flags & TH_RST) == 0) {
+                       struct mbuf *m;
+                       m = send_pkt(args->m, &(args->f_id),
+                               ntohl(tcp->th_seq), ntohl(tcp->th_ack),
+                               tcp->th_flags | TH_RST);
+                       if (m != NULL)
+                               ip_output(m, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
+               }
+               m_freem(args->m);
+       } else
+               m_freem(args->m);
+       args->m = NULL;
+}
+
+/**
+ *
+ * Given an ip_fw *, lookup_next_rule will return a pointer
+ * to the next rule, which can be either the jump
+ * target (for skipto instructions) or the next one in the list (in
+ * all other cases including a missing jump target).
+ * The result is also written in the "next_rule" field of the rule.
+ * Backward jumps are not allowed, so start looking from the next
+ * rule...
+ *
+ * This never returns NULL -- in case we do not have an exact match,
+ * the next rule is returned. When the ruleset is changed,
+ * pointers are flushed so we are always correct.
+ */
+
+static struct ip_fw *
+lookup_next_rule(struct ip_fw *me, u_int32_t tablearg)
+{
+       struct ip_fw *rule = NULL;
+       ipfw_insn *cmd;
+       u_int16_t       rulenum;
+
+       /* look for action, in case it is a skipto */
+       cmd = ACTION_PTR(me);
+       if (cmd->opcode == O_LOG)
+               cmd += F_LEN(cmd);
+       if (cmd->opcode == O_ALTQ)
+               cmd += F_LEN(cmd);
+       if (cmd->opcode == O_TAG)
+               cmd += F_LEN(cmd);
+       if (cmd->opcode == O_SKIPTO ) {
+               if (tablearg != 0) {
+                       rulenum = (u_int16_t)tablearg;
+               } else {
+                       rulenum = cmd->arg1;
+               }
+               for (rule = me->next; rule ; rule = rule->next) {
+                       if (rule->rulenum >= rulenum) {
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       if (rule == NULL)                       /* failure or not a skipto */
+               rule = me->next;
+       me->next_rule = rule;
+       return rule;
+}
+
+#ifdef radix
+static int
+add_table_entry(struct ip_fw_chain *ch, uint16_t tbl, in_addr_t addr,
+    uint8_t mlen, uint32_t value)
+{
+       struct radix_node_head *rnh;
+       struct table_entry *ent;
+       struct radix_node *rn;
+
+       if (tbl >= IPFW_TABLES_MAX)
+               return (EINVAL);
+       rnh = ch->tables[tbl];
+       ent = malloc(sizeof(*ent), M_IPFW_TBL, M_NOWAIT | M_ZERO);
+       if (ent == NULL)
+               return (ENOMEM);
+       ent->value = value;
+       ent->addr.sin_len = ent->mask.sin_len = 8;
+       ent->mask.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(mlen ? ~((1 << (32 - mlen)) - 1) : 0);
+       ent->addr.sin_addr.s_addr = addr & ent->mask.sin_addr.s_addr;
+       IPFW_WLOCK(ch);
+       rn = rnh->rnh_addaddr(&ent->addr, &ent->mask, rnh, (void *)ent);
+       if (rn == NULL) {
+               IPFW_WUNLOCK(ch);
+               free(ent, M_IPFW_TBL);
+               return (EEXIST);
+       }
+       IPFW_WUNLOCK(ch);
+       return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+del_table_entry(struct ip_fw_chain *ch, uint16_t tbl, in_addr_t addr,
+    uint8_t mlen)
+{
+       struct radix_node_head *rnh;
+       struct table_entry *ent;
+       struct sockaddr_in sa, mask;
+
+       if (tbl >= IPFW_TABLES_MAX)
+               return (EINVAL);
+       rnh = ch->tables[tbl];
+       sa.sin_len = mask.sin_len = 8;
+       mask.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(mlen ? ~((1 << (32 - mlen)) - 1) : 0);
+       sa.sin_addr.s_addr = addr & mask.sin_addr.s_addr;
+       IPFW_WLOCK(ch);
+       ent = (struct table_entry *)rnh->rnh_deladdr(&sa, &mask, rnh);
+       if (ent == NULL) {
+               IPFW_WUNLOCK(ch);
+               return (ESRCH);
+       }
+       IPFW_WUNLOCK(ch);
+       free(ent, M_IPFW_TBL);
+       return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+flush_table_entry(struct radix_node *rn, void *arg)
+{
+       struct radix_node_head * const rnh = arg;
+       struct table_entry *ent;
+
+       ent = (struct table_entry *)
+           rnh->rnh_deladdr(rn->rn_key, rn->rn_mask, rnh);
+       if (ent != NULL)
+               free(ent, M_IPFW_TBL);
+       return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+flush_table(struct ip_fw_chain *ch, uint16_t tbl)
+{
+       struct radix_node_head *rnh;
+
+       IPFW_WLOCK_ASSERT(ch);
+
+       if (tbl >= IPFW_TABLES_MAX)
+               return (EINVAL);
+       rnh = ch->tables[tbl];
+       KASSERT(rnh != NULL, ("NULL IPFW table"));
+       rnh->rnh_walktree(rnh, flush_table_entry, rnh);
+       return (0);
+}
+#endif
+
+static void
+flush_tables(struct ip_fw_chain *ch)
+{
+#ifdef radix
+       uint16_t tbl;
+
+       IPFW_WLOCK_ASSERT(ch);
+
+       for (tbl = 0; tbl < IPFW_TABLES_MAX; tbl++)
+               flush_table(ch, tbl);
+#endif
+}
+
+static int
+init_tables(struct ip_fw_chain *ch)
+{ 
+#ifdef radix
+       int i;
+       uint16_t j;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < IPFW_TABLES_MAX; i++) {
+               if (!rn_inithead((void **)&ch->tables[i], 32)) {
+                       for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
+                               (void) flush_table(ch, j);
+                       }
+                       return (ENOMEM);
+               }
+       }
+#endif
+       return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+lookup_table(struct ip_fw_chain *ch, uint16_t tbl, in_addr_t addr,
+    uint32_t *val)
+{
+#ifdef radix
+       struct radix_node_head *rnh;
+       struct table_entry *ent;
+       struct sockaddr_in sa;
+
+       if (tbl >= IPFW_TABLES_MAX)
+               return (0);
+       rnh = ch->tables[tbl];
+       sa.sin_len = 8;
+       sa.sin_addr.s_addr = addr;
+       ent = (struct table_entry *)(rnh->rnh_lookup(&sa, NULL, rnh));
+       if (ent != NULL) {
+               *val = ent->value;
+               return (1);
+       }
+#endif
+       return (0);
+}
+
+#ifdef radix
+static int
+count_table_entry(struct radix_node *rn, void *arg)
+{
+       u_int32_t * const cnt = arg;
+
+       (*cnt)++;
+       return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+count_table(struct ip_fw_chain *ch, uint32_t tbl, uint32_t *cnt)
+{
+       struct radix_node_head *rnh;
+
+       if (tbl >= IPFW_TABLES_MAX)
+               return (EINVAL);
+       rnh = ch->tables[tbl];
+       *cnt = 0;
+       rnh->rnh_walktree(rnh, count_table_entry, cnt);
+       return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+dump_table_entry(struct radix_node *rn, void *arg)
+{
+       struct table_entry * const n = (struct table_entry *)rn;
+       ipfw_table * const tbl = arg;
+       ipfw_table_entry *ent;
+
+       if (tbl->cnt == tbl->size)
+               return (1);
+       ent = &tbl->ent[tbl->cnt];
+       ent->tbl = tbl->tbl;
+       if (in_nullhost(n->mask.sin_addr))
+               ent->masklen = 0;
+       else
+               ent->masklen = 33 - ffs(ntohl(n->mask.sin_addr.s_addr));
+       ent->addr = n->addr.sin_addr.s_addr;
+       ent->value = n->value;
+       tbl->cnt++;
+       return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+dump_table(struct ip_fw_chain *ch, ipfw_table *tbl)
+{
+       struct radix_node_head *rnh;
+
+       if (tbl->tbl >= IPFW_TABLES_MAX)
+               return (EINVAL);
+       rnh = ch->tables[tbl->tbl];
+       tbl->cnt = 0;
+       rnh->rnh_walktree(rnh, dump_table_entry, tbl);
+       return (0);
+}
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+static void
+fill_ugid_cache(struct inpcb *inp, struct ip_fw_ugid *ugp)
+{
+       struct ucred *cr;
+
+       cr = inp->inp_cred;
+       ugp->fw_prid = jailed(cr) ? cr->cr_prison->pr_id : -1;
+       ugp->fw_uid = cr->cr_uid;
+       ugp->fw_ngroups = cr->cr_ngroups;
+       bcopy(cr->cr_groups, ugp->fw_groups, sizeof(ugp->fw_groups));
+}
+#endif /* no uigid support */
+
+static int
+check_uidgid(ipfw_insn_u32 *insn, int proto, struct ifnet *oif,
+    struct in_addr dst_ip, u_int16_t dst_port, struct in_addr src_ip,
+    u_int16_t src_port, struct ip_fw_ugid *ugp, int *ugid_lookupp,
+    struct inpcb *inp)
+{
+#if 1
+       return 0;
+#else
+       struct inpcbinfo *pi;
+       int wildcard;
+       struct inpcb *pcb;
+       int match;
+       gid_t *gp;
+
+       /*
+        * Check to see if the UDP or TCP stack supplied us with
+        * the PCB. If so, rather then holding a lock and looking
+        * up the PCB, we can use the one that was supplied.
+        */
+       if (inp && *ugid_lookupp == 0) {
+               INP_LOCK_ASSERT(inp);
+               if (inp->inp_socket != NULL) {
+                       fill_ugid_cache(inp, ugp);
+                       *ugid_lookupp = 1;
+               } else
+                       *ugid_lookupp = -1;
+       }
+       /*
+        * If we have already been here and the packet has no
+        * PCB entry associated with it, then we can safely
+        * assume that this is a no match.
+        */
+       if (*ugid_lookupp == -1)
+               return (0);
+       if (proto == IPPROTO_TCP) {
+               wildcard = 0;
+               pi = &tcbinfo;
+       } else if (proto == IPPROTO_UDP) {
+               wildcard = INPLOOKUP_WILDCARD;
+               pi = &udbinfo;
+       } else
+               return 0;
+       match = 0;
+       if (*ugid_lookupp == 0) {
+               INP_INFO_RLOCK(pi);
+               pcb =  (oif) ?
+                       in_pcblookup_hash(pi,
+                               dst_ip, htons(dst_port),
+                               src_ip, htons(src_port),
+                               wildcard, oif) :
+                       in_pcblookup_hash(pi,
+                               src_ip, htons(src_port),
+                               dst_ip, htons(dst_port),
+                               wildcard, NULL);
+               if (pcb != NULL) {
+                       fill_ugid_cache(pcb, ugp);
+                       *ugid_lookupp = 1;
+               }
+               INP_INFO_RUNLOCK(pi);
+               if (*ugid_lookupp == 0) {
+                       /*
+                        * If the lookup did not yield any results, there
+                        * is no sense in coming back and trying again. So
+                        * we can set lookup to -1 and ensure that we wont
+                        * bother the pcb system again.
+                        */
+                       *ugid_lookupp = -1;
+                       return (0);
+               }
+       } 
+       if (insn->o.opcode == O_UID)
+               match = (ugp->fw_uid == (uid_t)insn->d[0]);
+       else if (insn->o.opcode == O_GID) {
+               for (gp = ugp->fw_groups;
+                       gp < &ugp->fw_groups[ugp->fw_ngroups]; gp++)
+                       if (*gp == (gid_t)insn->d[0]) {
+                               match = 1;
+                               break;
+                       }
+       } else if (insn->o.opcode == O_JAIL)
+               match = (ugp->fw_prid == (int)insn->d[0]);
+       return match;
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * The main check routine for the firewall.
+ *
+ * All arguments are in args so we can modify them and return them
+ * back to the caller.
+ *
+ * Parameters:
+ *
+ *     args->m (in/out) The packet; we set to NULL when/if we nuke it.
+ *             Starts with the IP header.
+ *     args->eh (in)   Mac header if present, or NULL for layer3 packet.
+ *     args->L3offset  Number of bytes bypassed if we came from L2.
+ *                     e.g. often sizeof(eh)  ** NOTYET **
+ *     args->oif       Outgoing interface, or NULL if packet is incoming.
+ *             The incoming interface is in the mbuf. (in)
+ *     args->divert_rule (in/out)
+ *             Skip up to the first rule past this rule number;
+ *             upon return, non-zero port number for divert or tee.
+ *
+ *     args->rule      Pointer to the last matching rule (in/out)
+ *     args->next_hop  Socket we are forwarding to (out).
+ *     args->f_id      Addresses grabbed from the packet (out)
+ *     args->cookie    a cookie depending on rule action
+ *
+ * Return value:
+ *
+ *     IP_FW_PASS      the packet must be accepted
+ *     IP_FW_DENY      the packet must be dropped
+ *     IP_FW_DIVERT    divert packet, port in m_tag
+ *     IP_FW_TEE       tee packet, port in m_tag
+ *     IP_FW_DUMMYNET  to dummynet, pipe in args->cookie
+ *     IP_FW_NETGRAPH  into netgraph, cookie args->cookie
+ *
+ */
+int
+ipfw_chk(struct ip_fw_args *args)
+{
+       /*
+        * Local variables holding state during the processing of a packet:
+        *
+        * IMPORTANT NOTE: to speed up the processing of rules, there
+        * are some assumption on the values of the variables, which
+        * are documented here. Should you change them, please check
+        * the implementation of the various instructions to make sure
+        * that they still work.
+        *
+        * args->eh     The MAC header. It is non-null for a layer2
+        *      packet, it is NULL for a layer-3 packet.
+        * **notyet**
+        * args->L3offset Offset in the packet to the L3 (IP or equiv.) header.
+        *
+        * m | args->m  Pointer to the mbuf, as received from the caller.
+        *      It may change if ipfw_chk() does an m_pullup, or if it
+        *      consumes the packet because it calls send_reject().
+        *      XXX This has to change, so that ipfw_chk() never modifies
+        *      or consumes the buffer.
+        * ip   is the beginning of the ip(4 or 6) header.
+        *      Calculated by adding the L3offset to the start of data.
+        *      (Until we start using L3offset, the packet is
+        *      supposed to start with the ip header).
+        */
+       struct mbuf *m = args->m;
+       struct ip *ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
+
+       /*
+        * For rules which contain uid/gid or jail constraints, cache
+        * a copy of the users credentials after the pcb lookup has been
+        * executed. This will speed up the processing of rules with
+        * these types of constraints, as well as decrease contention
+        * on pcb related locks.
+        */
+       struct ip_fw_ugid fw_ugid_cache;
+       int ugid_lookup = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * divinput_flags       If non-zero, set to the IP_FW_DIVERT_*_FLAG
+        *      associated with a packet input on a divert socket.  This
+        *      will allow to distinguish traffic and its direction when
+        *      it originates from a divert socket.
+        */
+       u_int divinput_flags = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * oif | args->oif      If NULL, ipfw_chk has been called on the
+        *      inbound path (ether_input, ip_input).
+        *      If non-NULL, ipfw_chk has been called on the outbound path
+        *      (ether_output, ip_output).
+        */
+       struct ifnet *oif = args->oif;
+
+       struct ip_fw *f = NULL;         /* matching rule */
+       int retval = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * hlen The length of the IP header.
+        */
+       u_int hlen = 0;         /* hlen >0 means we have an IP pkt */
+
+       /*
+        * offset       The offset of a fragment. offset != 0 means that
+        *      we have a fragment at this offset of an IPv4 packet.
+        *      offset == 0 means that (if this is an IPv4 packet)
+        *      this is the first or only fragment.
+        *      For IPv6 offset == 0 means there is no Fragment Header. 
+        *      If offset != 0 for IPv6 always use correct mask to
+        *      get the correct offset because we add IP6F_MORE_FRAG
+        *      to be able to dectect the first fragment which would
+        *      otherwise have offset = 0.
+        */
+       u_short offset = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * Local copies of addresses. They are only valid if we have
+        * an IP packet.
+        *
+        * proto        The protocol. Set to 0 for non-ip packets,
+        *      or to the protocol read from the packet otherwise.
+        *      proto != 0 means that we have an IPv4 packet.
+        *
+        * src_port, dst_port   port numbers, in HOST format. Only
+        *      valid for TCP and UDP packets.
+        *
+        * src_ip, dst_ip       ip addresses, in NETWORK format.
+        *      Only valid for IPv4 packets.
+        */
+       u_int8_t proto;
+       u_int16_t src_port = 0, dst_port = 0;   /* NOTE: host format    */
+       struct in_addr src_ip, dst_ip;          /* NOTE: network format */
+       u_int16_t ip_len=0;
+       int pktlen;
+       u_int16_t       etype = 0;      /* Host order stored ether type */
+
+       /*
+        * dyn_dir = MATCH_UNKNOWN when rules unchecked,
+        *      MATCH_NONE when checked and not matched (q = NULL),
+        *      MATCH_FORWARD or MATCH_REVERSE otherwise (q != NULL)
+        */
+       int dyn_dir = MATCH_UNKNOWN;
+       ipfw_dyn_rule *q = NULL;
+       struct ip_fw_chain *chain = &layer3_chain;
+       struct m_tag *mtag;
+
+       /*
+        * We store in ulp a pointer to the upper layer protocol header.
+        * In the ipv4 case this is easy to determine from the header,
+        * but for ipv6 we might have some additional headers in the middle.
+        * ulp is NULL if not found.
+        */
+       void *ulp = NULL;               /* upper layer protocol pointer. */
+       /* XXX ipv6 variables */
+       int is_ipv6 = 0;
+       u_int16_t ext_hd = 0;   /* bits vector for extension header filtering */
+       /* end of ipv6 variables */
+       int is_ipv4 = 0;
+
+       if (m->m_flags & M_SKIP_FIREWALL)
+               return (IP_FW_PASS);    /* accept */
+
+       dst_ip.s_addr = 0;      /* make sure it is initialized */
+       src_ip.s_addr = 0;      /* make sure it is initialized */
+       pktlen = m->m_pkthdr.len;
+       args->f_id.fib = M_GETFIB(m); /* note mbuf not altered) */
+       proto = args->f_id.proto = 0;   /* mark f_id invalid */
+               /* XXX 0 is a valid proto: IP/IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Option */
+
+/*
+ * PULLUP_TO(len, p, T) makes sure that len + sizeof(T) is contiguous,
+ * then it sets p to point at the offset "len" in the mbuf. WARNING: the
+ * pointer might become stale after other pullups (but we never use it
+ * this way).
+ */
+#define PULLUP_TO(_len, p, T)                                          \
+do {                                                                   \
+       int x = (_len) + sizeof(T);                                     \
+       if ((m)->m_len < x) {                                           \
+                       goto pullup_failed;                             \
+       }                                                               \
+       p = (mtod(m, char *) + (_len));                         \
+} while (0)
+
+       /*
+        * if we have an ether header,
+        */
+       if (args->eh)
+               etype = ntohs(args->eh->ether_type);
+
+       /* Identify IP packets and fill up variables. */
+       if (pktlen >= sizeof(struct ip6_hdr) &&
+           (args->eh == NULL || etype == ETHERTYPE_IPV6) && ip->ip_v == 6) {
+               struct ip6_hdr *ip6 = (struct ip6_hdr *)ip;
+               is_ipv6 = 1;
+               args->f_id.addr_type = 6;
+               hlen = sizeof(struct ip6_hdr);
+               proto = ip6->ip6_nxt;
+
+               /* Search extension headers to find upper layer protocols */
+               while (ulp == NULL) {
+                       switch (proto) {
+                       case IPPROTO_ICMPV6:
+                               PULLUP_TO(hlen, ulp, struct icmp6_hdr);
+                               args->f_id.flags = ICMP6(ulp)->icmp6_type;
+                               break;
+
+                       case IPPROTO_TCP:
+                               PULLUP_TO(hlen, ulp, struct tcphdr);
+                               dst_port = TCP(ulp)->th_dport;
+                               src_port = TCP(ulp)->th_sport;
+                               args->f_id.flags = TCP(ulp)->th_flags;
+                               break;
+
+                       case IPPROTO_SCTP:
+                               PULLUP_TO(hlen, ulp, struct sctphdr);
+                               src_port = SCTP(ulp)->src_port;
+                               dst_port = SCTP(ulp)->dest_port;
+                               break;
+
+                       case IPPROTO_UDP:
+                               PULLUP_TO(hlen, ulp, struct udphdr);
+                               dst_port = UDP(ulp)->uh_dport;
+                               src_port = UDP(ulp)->uh_sport;
+                               break;
+
+                       case IPPROTO_HOPOPTS:   /* RFC 2460 */
+                               PULLUP_TO(hlen, ulp, struct ip6_hbh);
+                               ext_hd |= EXT_HOPOPTS;
+                               hlen += (((struct ip6_hbh *)ulp)->ip6h_len + 1) << 3;
+                               proto = ((struct ip6_hbh *)ulp)->ip6h_nxt;
+                               ulp = NULL;
+                               break;
+
+                       case IPPROTO_ROUTING:   /* RFC 2460 */
+                               PULLUP_TO(hlen, ulp, struct ip6_rthdr);
+                               switch (((struct ip6_rthdr *)ulp)->ip6r_type) {
+                               case 0:
+                                       ext_hd |= EXT_RTHDR0;
+                                       break;
+                               case 2:
+                                       ext_hd |= EXT_RTHDR2;
+                                       break;
+                               default:
+                                       printf("IPFW2: IPV6 - Unknown Routing "
+                                           "Header type(%d)\n",
+                                           ((struct ip6_rthdr *)ulp)->ip6r_type);
+                                       if (fw_deny_unknown_exthdrs)
+                                           return (IP_FW_DENY);
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                               ext_hd |= EXT_ROUTING;
+                               hlen += (((struct ip6_rthdr *)ulp)->ip6r_len + 1) << 3;
+                               proto = ((struct ip6_rthdr *)ulp)->ip6r_nxt;
+                               ulp = NULL;
+                               break;
+
+                       case IPPROTO_FRAGMENT:  /* RFC 2460 */
+                               PULLUP_TO(hlen, ulp, struct ip6_frag);
+                               ext_hd |= EXT_FRAGMENT;
+                               hlen += sizeof (struct ip6_frag);
+                               proto = ((struct ip6_frag *)ulp)->ip6f_nxt;
+                               offset = ((struct ip6_frag *)ulp)->ip6f_offlg &
+                                       IP6F_OFF_MASK;
+                               /* Add IP6F_MORE_FRAG for offset of first
+                                * fragment to be != 0. */
+                               offset |= ((struct ip6_frag *)ulp)->ip6f_offlg &
+                                       IP6F_MORE_FRAG;
+                               if (offset == 0) {
+                                       printf("IPFW2: IPV6 - Invalid Fragment "
+                                           "Header\n");
+                                       if (fw_deny_unknown_exthdrs)
+                                           return (IP_FW_DENY);
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                               args->f_id.frag_id6 =
+                                   ntohl(((struct ip6_frag *)ulp)->ip6f_ident);
+                               ulp = NULL;
+                               break;
+
+                       case IPPROTO_DSTOPTS:   /* RFC 2460 */
+                               PULLUP_TO(hlen, ulp, struct ip6_hbh);
+                               ext_hd |= EXT_DSTOPTS;
+                               hlen += (((struct ip6_hbh *)ulp)->ip6h_len + 1) << 3;
+                               proto = ((struct ip6_hbh *)ulp)->ip6h_nxt;
+                               ulp = NULL;
+                               break;
+
+                       case IPPROTO_AH:        /* RFC 2402 */
+                               PULLUP_TO(hlen, ulp, struct ip6_ext);
+                               ext_hd |= EXT_AH;
+                               hlen += (((struct ip6_ext *)ulp)->ip6e_len + 2) << 2;
+                               proto = ((struct ip6_ext *)ulp)->ip6e_nxt;
+                               ulp = NULL;
+                               break;
+
+                       case IPPROTO_ESP:       /* RFC 2406 */
+                               PULLUP_TO(hlen, ulp, uint32_t); /* SPI, Seq# */
+                               /* Anything past Seq# is variable length and
+                                * data past this ext. header is encrypted. */
+                               ext_hd |= EXT_ESP;
+                               break;
+
+                       case IPPROTO_NONE:      /* RFC 2460 */
+                               /*
+                                * Packet ends here, and IPv6 header has
+                                * already been pulled up. If ip6e_len!=0
+                                * then octets must be ignored.
+                                */
+                               ulp = ip; /* non-NULL to get out of loop. */
+                               break;
+
+                       case IPPROTO_OSPFIGP:
+                               /* XXX OSPF header check? */
+                               PULLUP_TO(hlen, ulp, struct ip6_ext);
+                               break;
+
+                       case IPPROTO_PIM:
+                               /* XXX PIM header check? */
+                               PULLUP_TO(hlen, ulp, struct pim);
+                               break;
+
+                       case IPPROTO_CARP:
+                               PULLUP_TO(hlen, ulp, struct carp_header);
+                               if (((struct carp_header *)ulp)->carp_version !=
+                                   CARP_VERSION) 
+                                       return (IP_FW_DENY);
+                               if (((struct carp_header *)ulp)->carp_type !=
+                                   CARP_ADVERTISEMENT) 
+                                       return (IP_FW_DENY);
+                               break;
+
+                       case IPPROTO_IPV6:      /* RFC 2893 */
+                               PULLUP_TO(hlen, ulp, struct ip6_hdr);
+                               break;
+
+                       case IPPROTO_IPV4:      /* RFC 2893 */
+                               PULLUP_TO(hlen, ulp, struct ip);
+                               break;
+
+                       default:
+                               printf("IPFW2: IPV6 - Unknown Extension "
+                                   "Header(%d), ext_hd=%x\n", proto, ext_hd);
+                               if (fw_deny_unknown_exthdrs)
+                                   return (IP_FW_DENY);
+                               PULLUP_TO(hlen, ulp, struct ip6_ext);
+                               break;
+                       } /*switch */
+               }
+               ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
+               ip6 = (struct ip6_hdr *)ip;
+               args->f_id.src_ip6 = ip6->ip6_src;
+               args->f_id.dst_ip6 = ip6->ip6_dst;
+               args->f_id.src_ip = 0;
+               args->f_id.dst_ip = 0;
+               args->f_id.flow_id6 = ntohl(ip6->ip6_flow);
+       } else if (pktlen >= sizeof(struct ip) &&
+           (args->eh == NULL || etype == ETHERTYPE_IP) && ip->ip_v == 4) {
+               is_ipv4 = 1;
+               hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
+               args->f_id.addr_type = 4;
+
+               /*
+                * Collect parameters into local variables for faster matching.
+                */
+               proto = ip->ip_p;
+               src_ip = ip->ip_src;
+               dst_ip = ip->ip_dst;
+
+               if (1 || args->eh != NULL) { /* layer 2 packets are as on the wire */
+                       offset = ntohs(ip->ip_off) & IP_OFFMASK;
+                       ip_len = ntohs(ip->ip_len);
+               } else {
+                       offset = ip->ip_off & IP_OFFMASK;
+                       ip_len = ip->ip_len;
+               }
+               pktlen = ip_len < pktlen ? ip_len : pktlen;
+
+               if (offset == 0) {
+                       switch (proto) {
+                       case IPPROTO_TCP:
+                               PULLUP_TO(hlen, ulp, struct tcphdr);
+                               dst_port = TCP(ulp)->th_dport;
+                               src_port = TCP(ulp)->th_sport;
+                               args->f_id.flags = TCP(ulp)->th_flags;
+                               break;
+
+                       case IPPROTO_UDP:
+                               PULLUP_TO(hlen, ulp, struct udphdr);
+                               dst_port = UDP(ulp)->uh_dport;
+                               src_port = UDP(ulp)->uh_sport;
+                               break;
+
+                       case IPPROTO_ICMP:
+                               PULLUP_TO(hlen, ulp, struct icmphdr);
+                               args->f_id.flags = ICMP(ulp)->icmp_type;
+                               break;
+
+                       default:
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
+               args->f_id.src_ip = ntohl(src_ip.s_addr);
+               args->f_id.dst_ip = ntohl(dst_ip.s_addr);
+       }
+#undef PULLUP_TO
+       if (proto) { /* we may have port numbers, store them */
+               args->f_id.proto = proto;
+               args->f_id.src_port = src_port = ntohs(src_port);
+               args->f_id.dst_port = dst_port = ntohs(dst_port);
+       }
+
+       IPFW_RLOCK(chain);
+       mtag = m_tag_find(m, PACKET_TAG_DIVERT, NULL);
+       if (args->rule) {
+               /*
+                * Packet has already been tagged. Look for the next rule
+                * to restart processing.
+                *
+                * If fw_one_pass != 0 then just accept it.
+                * XXX should not happen here, but optimized out in
+                * the caller.
+                */
+               if (fw_one_pass) {
+                       IPFW_RUNLOCK(chain);
+                       return (IP_FW_PASS);
+               }
+
+               f = args->rule->next_rule;
+               if (f == NULL)
+                       f = lookup_next_rule(args->rule, 0);
+       } else {
+               /*
+                * Find the starting rule. It can be either the first
+                * one, or the one after divert_rule if asked so.
+                */
+               int skipto = mtag ? divert_cookie(mtag) : 0;
+
+               f = chain->rules;
+               if (args->eh == NULL && skipto != 0) {
+                       if (skipto >= IPFW_DEFAULT_RULE) {
+                               IPFW_RUNLOCK(chain);
+                               return (IP_FW_DENY); /* invalid */
+                       }
+                       while (f && f->rulenum <= skipto)
+                               f = f->next;
+                       if (f == NULL) {        /* drop packet */
+                               IPFW_RUNLOCK(chain);
+                               return (IP_FW_DENY);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       /* reset divert rule to avoid confusion later */
+       if (mtag) {
+               divinput_flags = divert_info(mtag) &
+                   (IP_FW_DIVERT_OUTPUT_FLAG | IP_FW_DIVERT_LOOPBACK_FLAG);
+               m_tag_delete(m, mtag);
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Now scan the rules, and parse microinstructions for each rule.
+        */
+       for (; f; f = f->next) {
+               ipfw_insn *cmd;
+               uint32_t tablearg = 0;
+               int l, cmdlen, skip_or; /* skip rest of OR block */
+
+again:
+               if (set_disable & (1 << f->set) )
+                       continue;
+
+               skip_or = 0;
+               for (l = f->cmd_len, cmd = f->cmd ; l > 0 ;
+                   l -= cmdlen, cmd += cmdlen) {
+                       int match;
+
+                       /*
+                        * check_body is a jump target used when we find a
+                        * CHECK_STATE, and need to jump to the body of
+                        * the target rule.
+                        */
+
+check_body:
+                       cmdlen = F_LEN(cmd);
+                       /*
+                        * An OR block (insn_1 || .. || insn_n) has the
+                        * F_OR bit set in all but the last instruction.
+                        * The first match will set "skip_or", and cause
+                        * the following instructions to be skipped until
+                        * past the one with the F_OR bit clear.
+                        */
+                       if (skip_or) {          /* skip this instruction */
+                               if ((cmd->len & F_OR) == 0)
+                                       skip_or = 0;    /* next one is good */
+                               continue;
+                       }
+                       match = 0; /* set to 1 if we succeed */
+
+                       switch (cmd->opcode) {
+                       /*
+                        * The first set of opcodes compares the packet's
+                        * fields with some pattern, setting 'match' if a
+                        * match is found. At the end of the loop there is
+                        * logic to deal with F_NOT and F_OR flags associated
+                        * with the opcode.
+                        */
+                       case O_NOP:
+                               match = 1;
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_FORWARD_MAC:
+                               printf("ipfw: opcode %d unimplemented\n",
+                                   cmd->opcode);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_GID:
+                       case O_UID:
+                       case O_JAIL:
+                               /*
+                                * We only check offset == 0 && proto != 0,
+                                * as this ensures that we have a
+                                * packet with the ports info.
+                                */
+                               if (offset!=0)
+                                       break;
+                               if (is_ipv6) /* XXX to be fixed later */
+                                       break;
+                               if (proto == IPPROTO_TCP ||
+                                   proto == IPPROTO_UDP)
+                                       match = check_uidgid(
+                                                   (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd,
+                                                   proto, oif,
+                                                   dst_ip, dst_port,
+                                                   src_ip, src_port, &fw_ugid_cache,
+                                                   &ugid_lookup, args->inp);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_RECV:
+                               match = iface_match(m->m_pkthdr.rcvif,
+                                   (ipfw_insn_if *)cmd);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_XMIT:
+                               match = iface_match(oif, (ipfw_insn_if *)cmd);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_VIA:
+                               match = iface_match(oif ? oif :
+                                   m->m_pkthdr.rcvif, (ipfw_insn_if *)cmd);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_MACADDR2:
+                               if (args->eh != NULL) { /* have MAC header */
+                                       u_int32_t *want = (u_int32_t *)
+                                               ((ipfw_insn_mac *)cmd)->addr;
+                                       u_int32_t *mask = (u_int32_t *)
+                                               ((ipfw_insn_mac *)cmd)->mask;
+                                       u_int32_t *hdr = (u_int32_t *)args->eh;
+
+                                       match =
+                                           ( want[0] == (hdr[0] & mask[0]) &&
+                                             want[1] == (hdr[1] & mask[1]) &&
+                                             want[2] == (hdr[2] & mask[2]) );
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_MAC_TYPE:
+                               if (args->eh != NULL) {
+                                       u_int16_t *p =
+                                           ((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd)->ports;
+                                       int i;
+
+                                       for (i = cmdlen - 1; !match && i>0;
+                                           i--, p += 2)
+                                               match = (etype >= p[0] &&
+                                                   etype <= p[1]);
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_FRAG:
+                               match = (offset != 0);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_IN:      /* "out" is "not in" */
+                               match = (oif == NULL);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_LAYER2:
+                               match = (args->eh != NULL);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_DIVERTED:
+                               match = (cmd->arg1 & 1 && divinput_flags &
+                                   IP_FW_DIVERT_LOOPBACK_FLAG) ||
+                                       (cmd->arg1 & 2 && divinput_flags &
+                                   IP_FW_DIVERT_OUTPUT_FLAG);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_PROTO:
+                               /*
+                                * We do not allow an arg of 0 so the
+                                * check of "proto" only suffices.
+                                */
+                               match = (proto == cmd->arg1);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_IP_SRC:
+                               match = is_ipv4 &&
+                                   (((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd)->addr.s_addr ==
+                                   src_ip.s_addr);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_IP_SRC_LOOKUP:
+                       case O_IP_DST_LOOKUP:
+                               if (is_ipv4) {
+                                   uint32_t a =
+                                       (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_LOOKUP) ?
+                                           dst_ip.s_addr : src_ip.s_addr;
+                                   uint32_t v = 0;
+
+                                   match = lookup_table(chain, cmd->arg1, a,
+                                       &v);
+                                   if (!match)
+                                       break;
+                                   if (cmdlen == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32))
+                                       match =
+                                           ((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd)->d[0] == v;
+                                   else
+                                       tablearg = v;
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_IP_SRC_MASK:
+                       case O_IP_DST_MASK:
+                               if (is_ipv4) {
+                                   uint32_t a =
+                                       (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_MASK) ?
+                                           dst_ip.s_addr : src_ip.s_addr;
+                                   uint32_t *p = ((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd)->d;
+                                   int i = cmdlen-1;
+
+                                   for (; !match && i>0; i-= 2, p+= 2)
+                                       match = (p[0] == (a & p[1]));
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_IP_SRC_ME:
+                               if (is_ipv4) {
+                                       struct ifnet *tif;
+
+                                       INADDR_TO_IFP(src_ip, tif);
+                                       match = (tif != NULL);
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_IP_DST_SET:
+                       case O_IP_SRC_SET:
+                               if (is_ipv4) {
+                                       u_int32_t *d = (u_int32_t *)(cmd+1);
+                                       u_int32_t addr =
+                                           cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_SET ?
+                                               args->f_id.dst_ip :
+                                               args->f_id.src_ip;
+
+                                           if (addr < d[0])
+                                                   break;
+                                           addr -= d[0]; /* subtract base */
+                                           match = (addr < cmd->arg1) &&
+                                               ( d[ 1 + (addr>>5)] &
+                                                 (1<<(addr & 0x1f)) );
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_IP_DST:
+                               match = is_ipv4 &&
+                                   (((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd)->addr.s_addr ==
+                                   dst_ip.s_addr);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_IP_DST_ME:
+                               if (is_ipv4) {
+                                       struct ifnet *tif;
+
+                                       INADDR_TO_IFP(dst_ip, tif);
+                                       match = (tif != NULL);
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_IP_SRCPORT:
+                       case O_IP_DSTPORT:
+                               /*
+                                * offset == 0 && proto != 0 is enough
+                                * to guarantee that we have a
+                                * packet with port info.
+                                */
+                               if ((proto==IPPROTO_UDP || proto==IPPROTO_TCP)
+                                   && offset == 0) {
+                                       u_int16_t x =
+                                           (cmd->opcode == O_IP_SRCPORT) ?
+                                               src_port : dst_port ;
+                                       u_int16_t *p =
+                                           ((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd)->ports;
+                                       int i;
+
+                                       for (i = cmdlen - 1; !match && i>0;
+                                           i--, p += 2)
+                                               match = (x>=p[0] && x<=p[1]);
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_ICMPTYPE:
+                               match = (offset == 0 && proto==IPPROTO_ICMP &&
+                                   icmptype_match(ICMP(ulp), (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd) );
+                               break;
+
+#ifdef INET6
+                       case O_ICMP6TYPE:
+                               match = is_ipv6 && offset == 0 &&
+                                   proto==IPPROTO_ICMPV6 &&
+                                   icmp6type_match(
+                                       ICMP6(ulp)->icmp6_type,
+                                       (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd);
+                               break;
+#endif /* INET6 */
+
+                       case O_IPOPT:
+                               match = (is_ipv4 &&
+                                   ipopts_match(ip, cmd) );
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_IPVER:
+                               match = (is_ipv4 &&
+                                   cmd->arg1 == ip->ip_v);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_IPID:
+                       case O_IPLEN:
+                       case O_IPTTL:
+                               if (is_ipv4) {  /* only for IP packets */
+                                   uint16_t x;
+                                   uint16_t *p;
+                                   int i;
+
+                                   if (cmd->opcode == O_IPLEN)
+                                       x = ip_len;
+                                   else if (cmd->opcode == O_IPTTL)
+                                       x = ip->ip_ttl;
+                                   else /* must be IPID */
+                                       x = ntohs(ip->ip_id);
+                                   if (cmdlen == 1) {
+                                       match = (cmd->arg1 == x);
+                                       break;
+                                   }
+                                   /* otherwise we have ranges */
+                                   p = ((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd)->ports;
+                                   i = cmdlen - 1;
+                                   for (; !match && i>0; i--, p += 2)
+                                       match = (x >= p[0] && x <= p[1]);
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_IPPRECEDENCE:
+                               match = (is_ipv4 &&
+                                   (cmd->arg1 == (ip->ip_tos & 0xe0)) );
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_IPTOS:
+                               match = (is_ipv4 &&
+                                   flags_match(cmd, ip->ip_tos));
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_TCPDATALEN:
+                               if (proto == IPPROTO_TCP && offset == 0) {
+                                   struct tcphdr *tcp;
+                                   uint16_t x;
+                                   uint16_t *p;
+                                   int i;
+
+                                   tcp = TCP(ulp);
+                                   x = ip_len -
+                                       ((ip->ip_hl + tcp->th_off) << 2);
+                                   if (cmdlen == 1) {
+                                       match = (cmd->arg1 == x);
+                                       break;
+                                   }
+                                   /* otherwise we have ranges */
+                                   p = ((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd)->ports;
+                                   i = cmdlen - 1;
+                                   for (; !match && i>0; i--, p += 2)
+                                       match = (x >= p[0] && x <= p[1]);
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_TCPFLAGS:
+                               match = (proto == IPPROTO_TCP && offset == 0 &&
+                                   flags_match(cmd, TCP(ulp)->th_flags));
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_TCPOPTS:
+                               match = (proto == IPPROTO_TCP && offset == 0 &&
+                                   tcpopts_match(TCP(ulp), cmd));
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_TCPSEQ:
+                               match = (proto == IPPROTO_TCP && offset == 0 &&
+                                   ((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd)->d[0] ==
+                                       TCP(ulp)->th_seq);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_TCPACK:
+                               match = (proto == IPPROTO_TCP && offset == 0 &&
+                                   ((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd)->d[0] ==
+                                       TCP(ulp)->th_ack);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_TCPWIN:
+                               match = (proto == IPPROTO_TCP && offset == 0 &&
+                                   cmd->arg1 == TCP(ulp)->th_win);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_ESTAB:
+                               /* reject packets which have SYN only */
+                               /* XXX should i also check for TH_ACK ? */
+                               match = (proto == IPPROTO_TCP && offset == 0 &&
+                                   (TCP(ulp)->th_flags &
+                                    (TH_RST | TH_ACK | TH_SYN)) != TH_SYN);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_ALTQ: {
+                               struct pf_mtag *at;
+                               ipfw_insn_altq *altq = (ipfw_insn_altq *)cmd;
+
+                               match = 1;
+                               at = pf_find_mtag(m);
+                               if (at != NULL && at->qid != 0)
+                                       break;
+                               at = pf_get_mtag(m);
+                               if (at == NULL) {
+                                       /*
+                                        * Let the packet fall back to the
+                                        * default ALTQ.
+                                        */
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                               at->qid = altq->qid;
+                               if (is_ipv4)
+                                       at->af = AF_INET;
+                               else
+                                       at->af = AF_LINK;
+                               at->hdr = ip;
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       case O_LOG:
+                               if (fw_verbose)
+                                       ipfw_log(f, hlen, args, m,
+                                           oif, offset, tablearg, ip);
+                               match = 1;
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_PROB:
+                               match = (random()<((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd)->d[0]);
+                               break;
+
+#if 0
+                       case O_VERREVPATH:
+                               /* Outgoing packets automatically pass/match */
+                               match = ((oif != NULL) ||
+                                   (m->m_pkthdr.rcvif == NULL) ||
+                                   (
+#ifdef INET6
+                                   is_ipv6 ?
+                                       verify_path6(&(args->f_id.src_ip6),
+                                           m->m_pkthdr.rcvif) :
+#endif
+                                   verify_path(src_ip, m->m_pkthdr.rcvif,
+                                       args->f_id.fib)));
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_VERSRCREACH:
+                               /* Outgoing packets automatically pass/match */
+                               match = (hlen > 0 && ((oif != NULL) ||
+#ifdef INET6
+                                   is_ipv6 ?
+                                       verify_path6(&(args->f_id.src_ip6),
+                                           NULL) :
+#endif
+                                   verify_path(src_ip, NULL, args->f_id.fib)));
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_ANTISPOOF:
+                               /* Outgoing packets automatically pass/match */
+                               if (oif == NULL && hlen > 0 &&
+                                   (  (is_ipv4 && in_localaddr(src_ip))
+#ifdef INET6
+                                   || (is_ipv6 &&
+                                       in6_localaddr(&(args->f_id.src_ip6)))
+#endif
+                                   ))
+                                       match =
+#ifdef INET6
+                                           is_ipv6 ? verify_path6(
+                                               &(args->f_id.src_ip6),
+                                               m->m_pkthdr.rcvif) :
+#endif
+                                           verify_path(src_ip,
+                                               m->m_pkthdr.rcvif,
+                                               args->f_id.fib);
+                               else
+                                       match = 1;
+                               break;
+#endif
+
+                       case O_IPSEC:
+#ifdef IPSEC
+                               match = (m_tag_find(m,
+                                   PACKET_TAG_IPSEC_IN_DONE, NULL) != NULL);
+#endif
+                               /* otherwise no match */
+                               break;
+
+#ifdef INET6
+                       case O_IP6_SRC:
+                               match = is_ipv6 &&
+                                   IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&args->f_id.src_ip6,
+                                   &((ipfw_insn_ip6 *)cmd)->addr6);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_IP6_DST:
+                               match = is_ipv6 &&
+                               IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&args->f_id.dst_ip6,
+                                   &((ipfw_insn_ip6 *)cmd)->addr6);
+                               break;
+                       case O_IP6_SRC_MASK:
+                       case O_IP6_DST_MASK:
+                               if (is_ipv6) {
+                                       int i = cmdlen - 1;
+                                       struct in6_addr p;
+                                       struct in6_addr *d =
+                                           &((ipfw_insn_ip6 *)cmd)->addr6;
+
+                                       for (; !match && i > 0; d += 2,
+                                           i -= F_INSN_SIZE(struct in6_addr)
+                                           * 2) {
+                                               p = (cmd->opcode ==
+                                                   O_IP6_SRC_MASK) ?
+                                                   args->f_id.src_ip6:
+                                                   args->f_id.dst_ip6;
+                                               APPLY_MASK(&p, &d[1]);
+                                               match =
+                                                   IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&d[0],
+                                                   &p);
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_IP6_SRC_ME:
+                               match= is_ipv6 && search_ip6_addr_net(&args->f_id.src_ip6);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_IP6_DST_ME:
+                               match= is_ipv6 && search_ip6_addr_net(&args->f_id.dst_ip6);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_FLOW6ID:
+                               match = is_ipv6 &&
+                                   flow6id_match(args->f_id.flow_id6,
+                                   (ipfw_insn_u32 *) cmd);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_EXT_HDR:
+                               match = is_ipv6 &&
+                                   (ext_hd & ((ipfw_insn *) cmd)->arg1);
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_IP6:
+                               match = is_ipv6;
+                               break;
+#endif
+
+                       case O_IP4:
+                               match = is_ipv4;
+                               break;
+
+#if 0
+                       case O_TAG: {
+                               uint32_t tag = (cmd->arg1 == IP_FW_TABLEARG) ?
+                                   tablearg : cmd->arg1;
+
+                               /* Packet is already tagged with this tag? */
+                               mtag = m_tag_locate(m, MTAG_IPFW, tag, NULL);
+
+                               /* We have `untag' action when F_NOT flag is
+                                * present. And we must remove this mtag from
+                                * mbuf and reset `match' to zero (`match' will
+                                * be inversed later).
+                                * Otherwise we should allocate new mtag and
+                                * push it into mbuf.
+                                */
+                               if (cmd->len & F_NOT) { /* `untag' action */
+                                       if (mtag != NULL)
+                                               m_tag_delete(m, mtag);
+                               } else if (mtag == NULL) {
+                                       if ((mtag = m_tag_alloc(MTAG_IPFW,
+                                           tag, 0, M_NOWAIT)) != NULL)
+                                               m_tag_prepend(m, mtag);
+                               }
+                               match = (cmd->len & F_NOT) ? 0: 1;
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       case O_FIB: /* try match the specified fib */
+                               if (args->f_id.fib == cmd->arg1)
+                                       match = 1;
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_TAGGED: {
+                               uint32_t tag = (cmd->arg1 == IP_FW_TABLEARG) ?
+                                   tablearg : cmd->arg1;
+
+                               if (cmdlen == 1) {
+                                       match = m_tag_locate(m, MTAG_IPFW,
+                                           tag, NULL) != NULL;
+                                       break;
+                               }
+
+                               /* we have ranges */
+                               for (mtag = m_tag_first(m);
+                                   mtag != NULL && !match;
+                                   mtag = m_tag_next(m, mtag)) {
+                                       uint16_t *p;
+                                       int i;
+
+                                       if (mtag->m_tag_cookie != MTAG_IPFW)
+                                               continue;
+
+                                       p = ((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd)->ports;
+                                       i = cmdlen - 1;
+                                       for(; !match && i > 0; i--, p += 2)
+                                               match =
+                                                   mtag->m_tag_id >= p[0] &&
+                                                   mtag->m_tag_id <= p[1];
+                               }
+                               break;
+                       }
+#endif
+                               
+                       /*
+                        * The second set of opcodes represents 'actions',
+                        * i.e. the terminal part of a rule once the packet
+                        * matches all previous patterns.
+                        * Typically there is only one action for each rule,
+                        * and the opcode is stored at the end of the rule
+                        * (but there are exceptions -- see below).
+                        *
+                        * In general, here we set retval and terminate the
+                        * outer loop (would be a 'break 3' in some language,
+                        * but we need to do a 'goto done').
+                        *
+                        * Exceptions:
+                        * O_COUNT and O_SKIPTO actions:
+                        *   instead of terminating, we jump to the next rule
+                        *   ('goto next_rule', equivalent to a 'break 2'),
+                        *   or to the SKIPTO target ('goto again' after
+                        *   having set f, cmd and l), respectively.
+                        *
+                        * O_TAG, O_LOG and O_ALTQ action parameters:
+                        *   perform some action and set match = 1;
+                        *
+                        * O_LIMIT and O_KEEP_STATE: these opcodes are
+                        *   not real 'actions', and are stored right
+                        *   before the 'action' part of the rule.
+                        *   These opcodes try to install an entry in the
+                        *   state tables; if successful, we continue with
+                        *   the next opcode (match=1; break;), otherwise
+                        *   the packet *   must be dropped
+                        *   ('goto done' after setting retval);
+                        *
+                        * O_PROBE_STATE and O_CHECK_STATE: these opcodes
+                        *   cause a lookup of the state table, and a jump
+                        *   to the 'action' part of the parent rule
+                        *   ('goto check_body') if an entry is found, or
+                        *   (CHECK_STATE only) a jump to the next rule if
+                        *   the entry is not found ('goto next_rule').
+                        *   The result of the lookup is cached to make
+                        *   further instances of these opcodes are
+                        *   effectively NOPs.
+                        */
+                       case O_LIMIT:
+                       case O_KEEP_STATE:
+                               if (install_state(f,
+                                   (ipfw_insn_limit *)cmd, args, tablearg)) {
+                                       retval = IP_FW_DENY;
+                                       goto done; /* error/limit violation */
+                               }
+                               match = 1;
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_PROBE_STATE:
+                       case O_CHECK_STATE:
+                               /*
+                                * dynamic rules are checked at the first
+                                * keep-state or check-state occurrence,
+                                * with the result being stored in dyn_dir.
+                                * The compiler introduces a PROBE_STATE
+                                * instruction for us when we have a
+                                * KEEP_STATE (because PROBE_STATE needs
+                                * to be run first).
+                                */
+                               if (dyn_dir == MATCH_UNKNOWN &&
+                                   (q = lookup_dyn_rule(&args->f_id,
+                                    &dyn_dir, proto == IPPROTO_TCP ?
+                                       TCP(ulp) : NULL))
+                                       != NULL) {
+                                       /*
+                                        * Found dynamic entry, update stats
+                                        * and jump to the 'action' part of
+                                        * the parent rule.
+                                        */
+                                       q->pcnt++;
+                                       q->bcnt += pktlen;
+                                       f = q->rule;
+                                       cmd = ACTION_PTR(f);
+                                       l = f->cmd_len - f->act_ofs;
+                                       IPFW_DYN_UNLOCK();
+                                       goto check_body;
+                               }
+                               /*
+                                * Dynamic entry not found. If CHECK_STATE,
+                                * skip to next rule, if PROBE_STATE just
+                                * ignore and continue with next opcode.
+                                */
+                               if (cmd->opcode == O_CHECK_STATE)
+                                       goto next_rule;
+                               match = 1;
+                               break;
+
+                       case O_ACCEPT:
+                               retval = 0;     /* accept */
+                               goto done;
+
+                       case O_PIPE:
+                       case O_QUEUE:
+                               args->rule = f; /* report matching rule */
+                               if (cmd->arg1 == IP_FW_TABLEARG)
+                                       args->cookie = tablearg;
+                               else
+                                       args->cookie = cmd->arg1;
+                               retval = IP_FW_DUMMYNET;
+                               goto done;
+
+#if 0
+                       case O_DIVERT:
+                       case O_TEE: {
+                               struct divert_tag *dt;
+
+                               if (args->eh) /* not on layer 2 */
+                                       break;
+                               mtag = m_tag_get(PACKET_TAG_DIVERT,
+                                               sizeof(struct divert_tag),
+                                               M_NOWAIT);
+                               if (mtag == NULL) {
+                                       /* XXX statistic */
+                                       /* drop packet */
+                                       IPFW_RUNLOCK(chain);
+                                       return (IP_FW_DENY);
+                               }
+                               dt = (struct divert_tag *)(mtag+1);
+                               dt->cookie = f->rulenum;
+                               if (cmd->arg1 == IP_FW_TABLEARG)
+                                       dt->info = tablearg;
+                               else
+                                       dt->info = cmd->arg1;
+                               m_tag_prepend(m, mtag);
+                               retval = (cmd->opcode == O_DIVERT) ?
+                                   IP_FW_DIVERT : IP_FW_TEE;
+                               goto done;
+                       }
+#endif
+
+                       case O_COUNT:
+                       case O_SKIPTO:
+                               f->pcnt++;      /* update stats */
+                               f->bcnt += pktlen;
+                               f->timestamp = time_uptime;
+                               if (cmd->opcode == O_COUNT)
+                                       goto next_rule;
+                               /* handle skipto */
+                               if (cmd->arg1 == IP_FW_TABLEARG) {
+                                       f = lookup_next_rule(f, tablearg);
+                               } else {
+                                       if (f->next_rule == NULL)
+                                               lookup_next_rule(f, 0);
+                                       f = f->next_rule;
+                               }
+                               goto again;
+
+                       case O_REJECT:
+                               /*
+                                * Drop the packet and send a reject notice
+                                * if the packet is not ICMP (or is an ICMP
+                                * query), and it is not multicast/broadcast.
+                                */
+                               if (hlen > 0 && is_ipv4 && offset == 0 &&
+                                   (proto != IPPROTO_ICMP ||
+                                    is_icmp_query(ICMP(ulp))) &&
+                                   !(m->m_flags & (M_BCAST|M_MCAST)) &&
+                                   !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(dst_ip.s_addr))) {
+                                       send_reject(args, cmd->arg1, ip_len, ip);
+                                       m = args->m;
+                               }
+                               /* FALLTHROUGH */
+#ifdef INET6
+                       case O_UNREACH6:
+                               if (hlen > 0 && is_ipv6 &&
+                                   ((offset & IP6F_OFF_MASK) == 0) &&
+                                   (proto != IPPROTO_ICMPV6 ||
+                                    (is_icmp6_query(args->f_id.flags) == 1)) &&
+                                   !(m->m_flags & (M_BCAST|M_MCAST)) &&
+                                   !IN6_IS_ADDR_MULTICAST(&args->f_id.dst_ip6)) {
+                                       send_reject6(
+                                           args, cmd->arg1, hlen,
+                                           (struct ip6_hdr *)ip);
+                                       m = args->m;
+                               }
+                               /* FALLTHROUGH */
+#endif
+                       case O_DENY:
+                               retval = IP_FW_DENY;
+                               goto done;
+
+                       case O_FORWARD_IP: {
+                               struct sockaddr_in *sa;
+                               sa = &(((ipfw_insn_sa *)cmd)->sa);
+                               if (args->eh)   /* not valid on layer2 pkts */
+                                       break;
+                               if (!q || dyn_dir == MATCH_FORWARD) {
+                                       if (sa->sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY) {
+                                               bcopy(sa, &args->hopstore,
+                                                       sizeof(*sa));
+                                               args->hopstore.sin_addr.s_addr =
+                                                   htonl(tablearg);
+                                               args->next_hop =
+                                                   &args->hopstore;
+                                       } else {
+                                               args->next_hop = sa;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               retval = IP_FW_PASS;
+                           }
+                           goto done;
+
+                       case O_NETGRAPH:
+                       case O_NGTEE:
+                               args->rule = f; /* report matching rule */
+                               if (cmd->arg1 == IP_FW_TABLEARG)
+                                       args->cookie = tablearg;
+                               else
+                                       args->cookie = cmd->arg1;
+                               retval = (cmd->opcode == O_NETGRAPH) ?
+                                   IP_FW_NETGRAPH : IP_FW_NGTEE;
+                               goto done;
+
+#if 0
+                       case O_SETFIB:
+                               f->pcnt++;      /* update stats */
+                               f->bcnt += pktlen;
+                               f->timestamp = time_uptime;
+                               M_SETFIB(m, cmd->arg1);
+                               args->f_id.fib = cmd->arg1;
+                               goto next_rule;
+
+                       case O_NAT: {
+                               struct cfg_nat *t;
+                               int nat_id;
+
+                               if (IPFW_NAT_LOADED) {
+                                       args->rule = f; /* Report matching rule. */
+                                       t = ((ipfw_insn_nat *)cmd)->nat;
+                                       if (t == NULL) {
+                                               nat_id = (cmd->arg1 == IP_FW_TABLEARG) ?
+                                                   tablearg : cmd->arg1;
+                                               LOOKUP_NAT(layer3_chain, nat_id, t);
+                                               if (t == NULL) {
+                                                       retval = IP_FW_DENY;
+                                                       goto done;
+                                               }
+                                               if (cmd->arg1 != IP_FW_TABLEARG)
+                                                       ((ipfw_insn_nat *)cmd)->nat = t;
+                                       }
+                                       retval = ipfw_nat_ptr(args, t, m);
+                               } else
+                                       retval = IP_FW_DENY;
+                               goto done;
+                       }
+#endif
+
+                       default:
+                               break; // XXX we disabled some
+                               panic("-- unknown opcode %d\n", cmd->opcode);
+                       } /* end of switch() on opcodes */
+
+                       if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
+                               match = !match;
+
+                       if (match) {
+                               if (cmd->len & F_OR)
+                                       skip_or = 1;
+                       } else {
+                               if (!(cmd->len & F_OR)) /* not an OR block, */
+                                       break;          /* try next rule    */
+                       }
+
+               }       /* end of inner for, scan opcodes */
+
+next_rule:;            /* try next rule                */
+
+       }               /* end of outer for, scan rules */
+       printf("ipfw: ouch!, skip past end of rules, denying packet\n");
+       IPFW_RUNLOCK(chain);
+       return (IP_FW_DENY);
+
+done:
+       /* Update statistics */
+       f->pcnt++;
+       f->bcnt += pktlen;
+       f->timestamp = time_uptime;
+       IPFW_RUNLOCK(chain);
+       return (retval);
+
+pullup_failed:
+       if (fw_verbose)
+               printf("ipfw: pullup failed\n");
+       return (IP_FW_DENY);
+}
+
+/*
+ * When a rule is added/deleted, clear the next_rule pointers in all rules.
+ * These will be reconstructed on the fly as packets are matched.
+ */
+static void
+flush_rule_ptrs(struct ip_fw_chain *chain)
+{
+       struct ip_fw *rule;
+
+       IPFW_WLOCK_ASSERT(chain);
+
+       for (rule = chain->rules; rule; rule = rule->next)
+               rule->next_rule = NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Add a new rule to the list. Copy the rule into a malloc'ed area, then
+ * possibly create a rule number and add the rule to the list.
+ * Update the rule_number in the input struct so the caller knows it as well.
+ */
+static int
+add_rule(struct ip_fw_chain *chain, struct ip_fw *input_rule)
+{
+       struct ip_fw *rule, *f, *prev;
+       int l = RULESIZE(input_rule);
+
+       if (chain->rules == NULL && input_rule->rulenum != IPFW_DEFAULT_RULE)
+               return (EINVAL);
+
+       rule = malloc(l, M_IPFW, M_NOWAIT | M_ZERO);
+       if (rule == NULL)
+               return (ENOSPC);
+
+       bcopy(input_rule, rule, l);
+
+       rule->next = NULL;
+       rule->next_rule = NULL;
+
+       rule->pcnt = 0;
+       rule->bcnt = 0;
+       rule->timestamp = 0;
+
+       IPFW_WLOCK(chain);
+
+       if (chain->rules == NULL) {     /* default rule */
+               chain->rules = rule;
+               goto done;
+        }
+
+       /*
+        * If rulenum is 0, find highest numbered rule before the
+        * default rule, and add autoinc_step
+        */
+       if (autoinc_step < 1)
+               autoinc_step = 1;
+       else if (autoinc_step > 1000)
+               autoinc_step = 1000;
+       if (rule->rulenum == 0) {
+               /*
+                * locate the highest numbered rule before default
+                */
+               for (f = chain->rules; f; f = f->next) {
+                       if (f->rulenum == IPFW_DEFAULT_RULE)
+                               break;
+                       rule->rulenum = f->rulenum;
+               }
+               if (rule->rulenum < IPFW_DEFAULT_RULE - autoinc_step)
+                       rule->rulenum += autoinc_step;
+               input_rule->rulenum = rule->rulenum;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Now insert the new rule in the right place in the sorted list.
+        */
+       for (prev = NULL, f = chain->rules; f; prev = f, f = f->next) {
+               if (f->rulenum > rule->rulenum) { /* found the location */
+                       if (prev) {
+                               rule->next = f;
+                               prev->next = rule;
+                       } else { /* head insert */
+                               rule->next = chain->rules;
+                               chain->rules = rule;
+                       }
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+       flush_rule_ptrs(chain);
+done:
+       static_count++;
+       static_len += l;
+       IPFW_WUNLOCK(chain);
+       DEB(printf("ipfw: installed rule %d, static count now %d\n",
+               rule->rulenum, static_count);)
+       return (0);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Remove a static rule (including derived * dynamic rules)
+ * and place it on the ``reap list'' for later reclamation.
+ * The caller is in charge of clearing rule pointers to avoid
+ * dangling pointers.
+ * @return a pointer to the next entry.
+ * Arguments are not checked, so they better be correct.
+ */
+static struct ip_fw *
+remove_rule(struct ip_fw_chain *chain, struct ip_fw *rule,
+    struct ip_fw *prev)
+{
+       struct ip_fw *n;
+       int l = RULESIZE(rule);
+
+       IPFW_WLOCK_ASSERT(chain);
+
+       n = rule->next;
+       IPFW_DYN_LOCK();
+       remove_dyn_rule(rule, NULL /* force removal */);
+       IPFW_DYN_UNLOCK();
+       if (prev == NULL)
+               chain->rules = n;
+       else
+               prev->next = n;
+       static_count--;
+       static_len -= l;
+
+       rule->next = chain->reap;
+       chain->reap = rule;
+
+       return n;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Hook for cleaning up dummynet when an ipfw rule is deleted.
+ * Set/cleared when dummynet module is loaded/unloaded.
+ */
+void   (*ip_dn_ruledel_ptr)(void *) = NULL;
+
+/**
+ * Reclaim storage associated with a list of rules.  This is
+ * typically the list created using remove_rule.
+ * A NULL pointer on input is handled correctly.
+ */
+static void
+reap_rules(struct ip_fw *head)
+{
+       struct ip_fw *rule;
+
+       while ((rule = head) != NULL) {
+               head = head->next;
+               if (ip_dn_ruledel_ptr)
+                       ip_dn_ruledel_ptr(rule);
+               free(rule, M_IPFW);
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Remove all rules from a chain (except rules in set RESVD_SET
+ * unless kill_default = 1).  The caller is responsible for
+ * reclaiming storage for the rules left in chain->reap.
+ */
+static void
+free_chain(struct ip_fw_chain *chain, int kill_default)
+{
+       struct ip_fw *prev, *rule;
+
+       IPFW_WLOCK_ASSERT(chain);
+
+       flush_rule_ptrs(chain); /* more efficient to do outside the loop */
+       for (prev = NULL, rule = chain->rules; rule ; )
+               if (kill_default || rule->set != RESVD_SET)
+                       rule = remove_rule(chain, rule, prev);
+               else {
+                       prev = rule;
+                       rule = rule->next;
+               }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Remove all rules with given number, and also do set manipulation.
+ * Assumes chain != NULL && *chain != NULL.
+ *
+ * The argument is an u_int32_t. The low 16 bit are the rule or set number,
+ * the next 8 bits are the new set, the top 8 bits are the command:
+ *
+ *     0       delete rules with given number
+ *     1       delete rules with given set number
+ *     2       move rules with given number to new set
+ *     3       move rules with given set number to new set
+ *     4       swap sets with given numbers
+ *     5       delete rules with given number and with given set number
+ */
+static int
+del_entry(struct ip_fw_chain *chain, u_int32_t arg)
+{
+       struct ip_fw *prev = NULL, *rule;
+       u_int16_t rulenum;      /* rule or old_set */
+       u_int8_t cmd, new_set;
+
+       rulenum = arg & 0xffff;
+       cmd = (arg >> 24) & 0xff;
+       new_set = (arg >> 16) & 0xff;
+
+       if (cmd > 5 || new_set > RESVD_SET)
+               return EINVAL;
+       if (cmd == 0 || cmd == 2 || cmd == 5) {
+               if (rulenum >= IPFW_DEFAULT_RULE)
+                       return EINVAL;
+       } else {
+               if (rulenum > RESVD_SET)        /* old_set */
+                       return EINVAL;
+       }
+
+       IPFW_WLOCK(chain);
+       rule = chain->rules;
+       chain->reap = NULL;
+       switch (cmd) {
+       case 0: /* delete rules with given number */
+               /*
+                * locate first rule to delete
+                */
+               for (; rule->rulenum < rulenum; prev = rule, rule = rule->next)
+                       ;
+               if (rule->rulenum != rulenum) {
+                       IPFW_WUNLOCK(chain);
+                       return EINVAL;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * flush pointers outside the loop, then delete all matching
+                * rules. prev remains the same throughout the cycle.
+                */
+               flush_rule_ptrs(chain);
+               while (rule->rulenum == rulenum)
+                       rule = remove_rule(chain, rule, prev);
+               break;
+
+       case 1: /* delete all rules with given set number */
+               flush_rule_ptrs(chain);
+               rule = chain->rules;
+               while (rule->rulenum < IPFW_DEFAULT_RULE)
+                       if (rule->set == rulenum)
+                               rule = remove_rule(chain, rule, prev);
+                       else {
+                               prev = rule;
+                               rule = rule->next;
+                       }
+               break;
+
+       case 2: /* move rules with given number to new set */
+               rule = chain->rules;
+               for (; rule->rulenum < IPFW_DEFAULT_RULE; rule = rule->next)
+                       if (rule->rulenum == rulenum)
+                               rule->set = new_set;
+               break;
+
+       case 3: /* move rules with given set number to new set */
+               for (; rule->rulenum < IPFW_DEFAULT_RULE; rule = rule->next)
+                       if (rule->set == rulenum)
+                               rule->set = new_set;
+               break;
+
+       case 4: /* swap two sets */
+               for (; rule->rulenum < IPFW_DEFAULT_RULE; rule = rule->next)
+                       if (rule->set == rulenum)
+                               rule->set = new_set;
+                       else if (rule->set == new_set)
+                               rule->set = rulenum;
+               break;
+       case 5: /* delete rules with given number and with given set number.
+                * rulenum - given rule number;
+                * new_set - given set number.
+                */
+               for (; rule->rulenum < rulenum; prev = rule, rule = rule->next)
+                       ;
+               if (rule->rulenum != rulenum) {
+                       IPFW_WUNLOCK(chain);
+                       return (EINVAL);
+               }
+               flush_rule_ptrs(chain);
+               while (rule->rulenum == rulenum) {
+                       if (rule->set == new_set)
+                               rule = remove_rule(chain, rule, prev);
+                       else {
+                               prev = rule;
+                               rule = rule->next;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       /*
+        * Look for rules to reclaim.  We grab the list before
+        * releasing the lock then reclaim them w/o the lock to
+        * avoid a LOR with dummynet.
+        */
+       rule = chain->reap;
+       chain->reap = NULL;
+       IPFW_WUNLOCK(chain);
+       if (rule)
+               reap_rules(rule);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Clear counters for a specific rule.
+ * The enclosing "table" is assumed locked.
+ */
+static void
+clear_counters(struct ip_fw *rule, int log_only)
+{
+       ipfw_insn_log *l = (ipfw_insn_log *)ACTION_PTR(rule);
+
+       if (log_only == 0) {
+               rule->bcnt = rule->pcnt = 0;
+               rule->timestamp = 0;
+       }
+       if (l->o.opcode == O_LOG)
+               l->log_left = l->max_log;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Reset some or all counters on firewall rules.
+ * The argument `arg' is an u_int32_t. The low 16 bit are the rule number,
+ * the next 8 bits are the set number, the top 8 bits are the command:
+ *     0       work with rules from all set's;
+ *     1       work with rules only from specified set.
+ * Specified rule number is zero if we want to clear all entries.
+ * log_only is 1 if we only want to reset logs, zero otherwise.
+ */
+static int
+zero_entry(struct ip_fw_chain *chain, u_int32_t arg, int log_only)
+{
+       struct ip_fw *rule;
+       char *msg;
+
+       uint16_t rulenum = arg & 0xffff;
+       uint8_t set = (arg >> 16) & 0xff;
+       uint8_t cmd = (arg >> 24) & 0xff;
+
+       if (cmd > 1)
+               return (EINVAL);
+       if (cmd == 1 && set > RESVD_SET)
+               return (EINVAL);
+
+       IPFW_WLOCK(chain);
+       if (rulenum == 0) {
+               norule_counter = 0;
+               for (rule = chain->rules; rule; rule = rule->next) {
+                       /* Skip rules from another set. */
+                       if (cmd == 1 && rule->set != set)
+                               continue;
+                       clear_counters(rule, log_only);
+               }
+               msg = log_only ? "All logging counts reset" :
+                   "Accounting cleared";
+       } else {
+               int cleared = 0;
+               /*
+                * We can have multiple rules with the same number, so we
+                * need to clear them all.
+                */
+               for (rule = chain->rules; rule; rule = rule->next)
+                       if (rule->rulenum == rulenum) {
+                               while (rule && rule->rulenum == rulenum) {
+                                       if (cmd == 0 || rule->set == set)
+                                               clear_counters(rule, log_only);
+                                       rule = rule->next;
+                               }
+                               cleared = 1;
+                               break;
+                       }
+               if (!cleared) { /* we did not find any matching rules */
+                       IPFW_WUNLOCK(chain);
+                       return (EINVAL);
+               }
+               msg = log_only ? "logging count reset" : "cleared";
+       }
+       IPFW_WUNLOCK(chain);
+
+       if (fw_verbose) {
+#define lev LOG_SECURITY | LOG_NOTICE
+
+               if (rulenum)
+                       log(lev, "ipfw: Entry %d %s.\n", rulenum, msg);
+               else
+                       log(lev, "ipfw: %s.\n", msg);
+       }
+       return (0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check validity of the structure before insert.
+ * Fortunately rules are simple, so this mostly need to check rule sizes.
+ */
+static int
+check_ipfw_struct(struct ip_fw *rule, int size)
+{
+       int l, cmdlen = 0;
+       int have_action=0;
+       ipfw_insn *cmd;
+
+       if (size < sizeof(*rule)) {
+               printf("ipfw: rule too short\n");
+               return (EINVAL);
+       }
+       /* first, check for valid size */
+       l = RULESIZE(rule);
+       if (l != size) {
+               printf("ipfw: size mismatch (have %d want %d)\n", size, l);
+               return (EINVAL);
+       }
+       if (rule->act_ofs >= rule->cmd_len) {
+               printf("ipfw: bogus action offset (%u > %u)\n",
+                   rule->act_ofs, rule->cmd_len - 1);
+               return (EINVAL);
+       }
+       /*
+        * Now go for the individual checks. Very simple ones, basically only
+        * instruction sizes.
+        */
+       for (l = rule->cmd_len, cmd = rule->cmd ;
+                       l > 0 ; l -= cmdlen, cmd += cmdlen) {
+               cmdlen = F_LEN(cmd);
+               if (cmdlen > l) {
+                       printf("ipfw: opcode %d size truncated\n",
+                           cmd->opcode);
+                       return EINVAL;
+               }
+               DEB(printf("ipfw: opcode %d\n", cmd->opcode);)
+               switch (cmd->opcode) {
+               case O_PROBE_STATE:
+               case O_KEEP_STATE:
+               case O_PROTO:
+               case O_IP_SRC_ME:
+               case O_IP_DST_ME:
+               case O_LAYER2:
+               case O_IN:
+               case O_FRAG:
+               case O_DIVERTED:
+               case O_IPOPT:
+               case O_IPTOS:
+               case O_IPPRECEDENCE:
+               case O_IPVER:
+               case O_TCPWIN:
+               case O_TCPFLAGS:
+               case O_TCPOPTS:
+               case O_ESTAB:
+               case O_VERREVPATH:
+               case O_VERSRCREACH:
+               case O_ANTISPOOF:
+               case O_IPSEC:
+#ifdef INET6
+               case O_IP6_SRC_ME:
+               case O_IP6_DST_ME:
+               case O_EXT_HDR:
+               case O_IP6:
+#endif
+               case O_IP4:
+               case O_TAG:
+                       if (cmdlen != F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))
+                               goto bad_size;
+                       break;
+
+               case O_FIB:
+                       if (cmdlen != F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))
+                               goto bad_size;
+                       if (cmd->arg1 >= rt_numfibs) {
+                               printf("ipfw: invalid fib number %d\n",
+                                       cmd->arg1);
+                               return EINVAL;
+                       }
+                       break;
+
+               case O_SETFIB:
+                       if (cmdlen != F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))
+                               goto bad_size;
+                       if (cmd->arg1 >= rt_numfibs) {
+                               printf("ipfw: invalid fib number %d\n",
+                                       cmd->arg1);
+                               return EINVAL;
+                       }
+                       goto check_action;
+
+               case O_UID:
+               case O_GID:
+               case O_JAIL:
+               case O_IP_SRC:
+               case O_IP_DST:
+               case O_TCPSEQ:
+               case O_TCPACK:
+               case O_PROB:
+               case O_ICMPTYPE:
+                       if (cmdlen != F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32))
+                               goto bad_size;
+                       break;
+
+               case O_LIMIT:
+                       if (cmdlen != F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_limit))
+                               goto bad_size;
+                       break;
+
+               case O_LOG:
+                       if (cmdlen != F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_log))
+                               goto bad_size;
+
+                       ((ipfw_insn_log *)cmd)->log_left =
+                           ((ipfw_insn_log *)cmd)->max_log;
+
+                       break;
+
+               case O_IP_SRC_MASK:
+               case O_IP_DST_MASK:
+                       /* only odd command lengths */
+                       if ( !(cmdlen & 1) || cmdlen > 31)
+                               goto bad_size;
+                       break;
+
+               case O_IP_SRC_SET:
+               case O_IP_DST_SET:
+                       if (cmd->arg1 == 0 || cmd->arg1 > 256) {
+                               printf("ipfw: invalid set size %d\n",
+                                       cmd->arg1);
+                               return EINVAL;
+                       }
+                       if (cmdlen != F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32) +
+                           (cmd->arg1+31)/32 )
+                               goto bad_size;
+                       break;
+
+               case O_IP_SRC_LOOKUP:
+               case O_IP_DST_LOOKUP:
+                       if (cmd->arg1 >= IPFW_TABLES_MAX) {
+                               printf("ipfw: invalid table number %d\n",
+                                   cmd->arg1);
+                               return (EINVAL);
+                       }
+                       if (cmdlen != F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn) &&
+                           cmdlen != F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32))
+                               goto bad_size;
+                       break;
+
+               case O_MACADDR2:
+                       if (cmdlen != F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_mac))
+                               goto bad_size;
+                       break;
+
+               case O_NOP:
+               case O_IPID:
+               case O_IPTTL:
+               case O_IPLEN:
+               case O_TCPDATALEN:
+               case O_TAGGED:
+                       if (cmdlen < 1 || cmdlen > 31)
+                               goto bad_size;
+                       break;
+
+               case O_MAC_TYPE:
+               case O_IP_SRCPORT:
+               case O_IP_DSTPORT: /* XXX artificial limit, 30 port pairs */
+                       if (cmdlen < 2 || cmdlen > 31)
+                               goto bad_size;
+                       break;
+
+               case O_RECV:
+               case O_XMIT:
+               case O_VIA:
+                       if (cmdlen != F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_if))
+                               goto bad_size;
+                       break;
+
+               case O_ALTQ:
+                       if (cmdlen != F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_altq))
+                               goto bad_size;
+                       break;
+
+               case O_PIPE:
+               case O_QUEUE:
+                       if (cmdlen != F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))
+                               goto bad_size;
+                       goto check_action;
+
+               case O_FORWARD_IP:
+#ifdef IPFIREWALL_FORWARD
+                       if (cmdlen != F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_sa))
+                               goto bad_size;
+                       goto check_action;
+#else
+                       return EINVAL;
+#endif
+
+               case O_DIVERT:
+               case O_TEE:
+                       if (ip_divert_ptr == NULL)
+                               return EINVAL;
+                       else
+                               goto check_size;
+               case O_NETGRAPH:
+               case O_NGTEE:
+                       if (!NG_IPFW_LOADED)
+                               return EINVAL;
+                       else
+                               goto check_size;
+               case O_NAT:
+                       if (!IPFW_NAT_LOADED)
+                               return EINVAL;
+                       if (cmdlen != F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_nat))
+                               goto bad_size;          
+                       goto check_action;
+               case O_FORWARD_MAC: /* XXX not implemented yet */
+               case O_CHECK_STATE:
+               case O_COUNT:
+               case O_ACCEPT:
+               case O_DENY:
+               case O_REJECT:
+#ifdef INET6
+               case O_UNREACH6:
+#endif
+               case O_SKIPTO:
+check_size:
+                       if (cmdlen != F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))
+                               goto bad_size;
+check_action:
+                       if (have_action) {
+                               printf("ipfw: opcode %d, multiple actions"
+                                       " not allowed\n",
+                                       cmd->opcode);
+                               return EINVAL;
+                       }
+                       have_action = 1;
+                       if (l != cmdlen) {
+                               printf("ipfw: opcode %d, action must be"
+                                       " last opcode\n",
+                                       cmd->opcode);
+                               return EINVAL;
+                       }
+                       break;
+#ifdef INET6
+               case O_IP6_SRC:
+               case O_IP6_DST:
+                       if (cmdlen != F_INSN_SIZE(struct in6_addr) +
+                           F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))
+                               goto bad_size;
+                       break;
+
+               case O_FLOW6ID:
+                       if (cmdlen != F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32) +
+                           ((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd)->o.arg1)
+                               goto bad_size;
+                       break;
+
+               case O_IP6_SRC_MASK:
+               case O_IP6_DST_MASK:
+                       if ( !(cmdlen & 1) || cmdlen > 127)
+                               goto bad_size;
+                       break;
+               case O_ICMP6TYPE:
+                       if( cmdlen != F_INSN_SIZE( ipfw_insn_icmp6 ) )
+                               goto bad_size;
+                       break;
+#endif
+
+               default:
+                       switch (cmd->opcode) {
+#ifndef INET6
+                       case O_IP6_SRC_ME:
+                       case O_IP6_DST_ME:
+                       case O_EXT_HDR:
+                       case O_IP6:
+                       case O_UNREACH6:
+                       case O_IP6_SRC:
+                       case O_IP6_DST:
+                       case O_FLOW6ID:
+                       case O_IP6_SRC_MASK:
+                       case O_IP6_DST_MASK:
+                       case O_ICMP6TYPE:
+                               printf("ipfw: no IPv6 support in kernel\n");
+                               return EPROTONOSUPPORT;
+#endif
+                       default:
+                               printf("ipfw: opcode %d, unknown opcode\n",
+                                       cmd->opcode);
+                               return EINVAL;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       if (have_action == 0) {
+               printf("ipfw: missing action\n");
+               return EINVAL;
+       }
+       return 0;
+
+bad_size:
+       printf("ipfw: opcode %d size %d wrong\n",
+               cmd->opcode, cmdlen);
+       return EINVAL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Copy the static and dynamic rules to the supplied buffer
+ * and return the amount of space actually used.
+ */
+static size_t
+ipfw_getrules(struct ip_fw_chain *chain, void *buf, size_t space)
+{
+       char *bp = buf;
+       char *ep = bp + space;
+       struct ip_fw *rule;
+       int i;
+       time_t  boot_seconds;
+
+        boot_seconds = boottime.tv_sec;
+       /* XXX this can take a long time and locking will block packet flow */
+       IPFW_RLOCK(chain);
+       for (rule = chain->rules; rule ; rule = rule->next) {
+               /*
+                * Verify the entry fits in the buffer in case the
+                * rules changed between calculating buffer space and
+                * now.  This would be better done using a generation
+                * number but should suffice for now.
+                */
+               i = RULESIZE(rule);
+               if (bp + i <= ep) {
+                       bcopy(rule, bp, i);
+                       /*
+                        * XXX HACK. Store the disable mask in the "next" pointer
+                        * in a wild attempt to keep the ABI the same.
+                        * Why do we do this on EVERY rule?
+                        */
+                       bcopy(&set_disable, &(((struct ip_fw *)bp)->next_rule),
+                           sizeof(set_disable));
+                       if (((struct ip_fw *)bp)->timestamp)
+                               ((struct ip_fw *)bp)->timestamp += boot_seconds;
+                       bp += i;
+               }
+       }
+       IPFW_RUNLOCK(chain);
+       if (ipfw_dyn_v) {
+               ipfw_dyn_rule *p, *last = NULL;
+
+               IPFW_DYN_LOCK();
+               for (i = 0 ; i < curr_dyn_buckets; i++)
+                       for (p = ipfw_dyn_v[i] ; p != NULL; p = p->next) {
+                               if (bp + sizeof *p <= ep) {
+                                       ipfw_dyn_rule *dst =
+                                               (ipfw_dyn_rule *)bp;
+                                       bcopy(p, dst, sizeof *p);
+                                       bcopy(&(p->rule->rulenum), &(dst->rule),
+                                           sizeof(p->rule->rulenum));
+                                       /*
+                                        * store set number into high word of
+                                        * dst->rule pointer.
+                                        */
+                                       bcopy(&(p->rule->set),
+                                           (char *)&dst->rule +
+                                           sizeof(p->rule->rulenum),
+                                           sizeof(p->rule->set));
+                                       /*
+                                        * store a non-null value in "next".
+                                        * The userland code will interpret a
+                                        * NULL here as a marker
+                                        * for the last dynamic rule.
+                                        */
+                                       bcopy(&dst, &dst->next, sizeof(dst));
+                                       last = dst;
+                                       dst->expire =
+                                           TIME_LEQ(dst->expire, time_uptime) ?
+                                               0 : dst->expire - time_uptime ;
+                                       bp += sizeof(ipfw_dyn_rule);
+                               }
+                       }
+               IPFW_DYN_UNLOCK();
+               if (last != NULL) /* mark last dynamic rule */
+                       bzero(&last->next, sizeof(last));
+       }
+       return (bp - (char *)buf);
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * {set|get}sockopt parser.
+ */
+static int
+ipfw_ctl(struct sockopt *sopt)
+{
+#define        RULE_MAXSIZE    (256*sizeof(u_int32_t))
+       int error;
+       size_t size;
+       struct ip_fw *buf, *rule;
+       u_int32_t rulenum[2];
+
+       error = priv_check(sopt->sopt_td, PRIV_NETINET_IPFW);
+       if (error)
+               return (error);
+
+       /*
+        * Disallow modifications in really-really secure mode, but still allow
+        * the logging counters to be reset.
+        */
+       if (sopt->sopt_name == IP_FW_ADD ||
+           (sopt->sopt_dir == SOPT_SET && sopt->sopt_name != IP_FW_RESETLOG)) {
+               error = securelevel_ge(sopt->sopt_td->td_ucred, 3);
+               if (error)
+                       return (error);
+       }
+
+       error = 0;
+
+       switch (sopt->sopt_name) {
+       case IP_FW_GET:
+               /*
+                * pass up a copy of the current rules. Static rules
+                * come first (the last of which has number IPFW_DEFAULT_RULE),
+                * followed by a possibly empty list of dynamic rule.
+                * The last dynamic rule has NULL in the "next" field.
+                *
+                * Note that the calculated size is used to bound the
+                * amount of data returned to the user.  The rule set may
+                * change between calculating the size and returning the
+                * data in which case we'll just return what fits.
+                */
+               size = static_len;      /* size of static rules */
+               if (ipfw_dyn_v)         /* add size of dyn.rules */
+                       size += (dyn_count * sizeof(ipfw_dyn_rule));
+
+               /*
+                * XXX todo: if the user passes a short length just to know
+                * how much room is needed, do not bother filling up the
+                * buffer, just jump to the sooptcopyout.
+                */
+               buf = malloc(size, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+               error = sooptcopyout(sopt, buf,
+                               ipfw_getrules(&layer3_chain, buf, size));
+               free(buf, M_TEMP);
+               break;
+
+       case IP_FW_FLUSH:
+               /*
+                * Normally we cannot release the lock on each iteration.
+                * We could do it here only because we start from the head all
+                * the times so there is no risk of missing some entries.
+                * On the other hand, the risk is that we end up with
+                * a very inconsistent ruleset, so better keep the lock
+                * around the whole cycle.
+                *
+                * XXX this code can be improved by resetting the head of
+                * the list to point to the default rule, and then freeing
+                * the old list without the need for a lock.
+                */
+
+               IPFW_WLOCK(&layer3_chain);
+               layer3_chain.reap = NULL;
+               free_chain(&layer3_chain, 0 /* keep default rule */);
+               rule = layer3_chain.reap;
+               layer3_chain.reap = NULL;
+               IPFW_WUNLOCK(&layer3_chain);
+               if (rule != NULL)
+                       reap_rules(rule);
+               break;
+
+       case IP_FW_ADD:
+               rule = malloc(RULE_MAXSIZE, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+               error = sooptcopyin(sopt, rule, RULE_MAXSIZE,
+                       sizeof(struct ip_fw) );
+               if (error == 0)
+                       error = check_ipfw_struct(rule, sopt->sopt_valsize);
+               if (error == 0) {
+                       error = add_rule(&layer3_chain, rule);
+                       size = RULESIZE(rule);
+                       if (!error && sopt->sopt_dir == SOPT_GET)
+                               error = sooptcopyout(sopt, rule, size);
+               }
+               free(rule, M_TEMP);
+               break;
+
+       case IP_FW_DEL:
+               /*
+                * IP_FW_DEL is used for deleting single rules or sets,
+                * and (ab)used to atomically manipulate sets. Argument size
+                * is used to distinguish between the two:
+                *    sizeof(u_int32_t)
+                *      delete single rule or set of rules,
+                *      or reassign rules (or sets) to a different set.
+                *    2*sizeof(u_int32_t)
+                *      atomic disable/enable sets.
+                *      first u_int32_t contains sets to be disabled,
+                *      second u_int32_t contains sets to be enabled.
+                */
+               error = sooptcopyin(sopt, rulenum,
+                       2*sizeof(u_int32_t), sizeof(u_int32_t));
+               if (error)
+                       break;
+               size = sopt->sopt_valsize;
+               if (size == sizeof(u_int32_t))  /* delete or reassign */
+                       error = del_entry(&layer3_chain, rulenum[0]);
+               else if (size == 2*sizeof(u_int32_t)) /* set enable/disable */
+                       set_disable =
+                           (set_disable | rulenum[0]) & ~rulenum[1] &
+                           ~(1<<RESVD_SET); /* set RESVD_SET always enabled */
+               else
+                       error = EINVAL;
+               break;
+
+       case IP_FW_ZERO:
+       case IP_FW_RESETLOG: /* argument is an u_int_32, the rule number */
+               rulenum[0] = 0;
+               if (sopt->sopt_val != 0) {
+                   error = sooptcopyin(sopt, rulenum,
+                           sizeof(u_int32_t), sizeof(u_int32_t));
+                   if (error)
+                       break;
+               }
+               error = zero_entry(&layer3_chain, rulenum[0],
+                       sopt->sopt_name == IP_FW_RESETLOG);
+               break;
+
+#ifdef radix
+       case IP_FW_TABLE_ADD:
+               {
+                       ipfw_table_entry ent;
+
+                       error = sooptcopyin(sopt, &ent,
+                           sizeof(ent), sizeof(ent));
+                       if (error)
+                               break;
+                       error = add_table_entry(&layer3_chain, ent.tbl,
+                           ent.addr, ent.masklen, ent.value);
+               }
+               break;
+
+       case IP_FW_TABLE_DEL:
+               {
+                       ipfw_table_entry ent;
+
+                       error = sooptcopyin(sopt, &ent,
+                           sizeof(ent), sizeof(ent));
+                       if (error)
+                               break;
+                       error = del_table_entry(&layer3_chain, ent.tbl,
+                           ent.addr, ent.masklen);
+               }
+               break;
+
+       case IP_FW_TABLE_FLUSH:
+               {
+                       u_int16_t tbl;
+
+                       error = sooptcopyin(sopt, &tbl,
+                           sizeof(tbl), sizeof(tbl));
+                       if (error)
+                               break;
+                       IPFW_WLOCK(&layer3_chain);
+                       error = flush_table(&layer3_chain, tbl);
+                       IPFW_WUNLOCK(&layer3_chain);
+               }
+               break;
+
+       case IP_FW_TABLE_GETSIZE:
+               {
+                       u_int32_t tbl, cnt;
+
+                       if ((error = sooptcopyin(sopt, &tbl, sizeof(tbl),
+                           sizeof(tbl))))
+                               break;
+                       IPFW_RLOCK(&layer3_chain);
+                       error = count_table(&layer3_chain, tbl, &cnt);
+                       IPFW_RUNLOCK(&layer3_chain);
+                       if (error)
+                               break;
+                       error = sooptcopyout(sopt, &cnt, sizeof(cnt));
+               }
+               break;
+
+       case IP_FW_TABLE_LIST:
+               {
+                       ipfw_table *tbl;
+
+                       if (sopt->sopt_valsize < sizeof(*tbl)) {
+                               error = EINVAL;
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       size = sopt->sopt_valsize;
+                       tbl = malloc(size, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
+                       error = sooptcopyin(sopt, tbl, size, sizeof(*tbl));
+                       if (error) {
+                               free(tbl, M_TEMP);
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       tbl->size = (size - sizeof(*tbl)) /
+                           sizeof(ipfw_table_entry);
+                       IPFW_RLOCK(&layer3_chain);
+                       error = dump_table(&layer3_chain, tbl);
+                       IPFW_RUNLOCK(&layer3_chain);
+                       if (error) {
+                               free(tbl, M_TEMP);
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       error = sooptcopyout(sopt, tbl, size);
+                       free(tbl, M_TEMP);
+               }
+               break;
+
+#endif /* radix */
+
+       case IP_FW_NAT_CFG:
+               if (IPFW_NAT_LOADED)
+                       error = ipfw_nat_cfg_ptr(sopt);
+               else {
+                       printf("IP_FW_NAT_CFG: %s\n",
+                               "ipfw_nat not present, please load it");
+                       error = EINVAL;
+               }
+               break;
+
+       case IP_FW_NAT_DEL:
+               if (IPFW_NAT_LOADED)
+                       error = ipfw_nat_del_ptr(sopt);
+               else {
+                       printf("IP_FW_NAT_DEL: %s\n",
+                               "ipfw_nat not present, please load it");
+                       error = EINVAL;
+               }
+               break;
+
+       case IP_FW_NAT_GET_CONFIG:
+               if (IPFW_NAT_LOADED)
+                       error = ipfw_nat_get_cfg_ptr(sopt);
+               else {
+                       printf("IP_FW_NAT_GET_CFG: %s\n",
+                               "ipfw_nat not present, please load it");
+                       error = EINVAL;
+               }
+               break;
+
+       case IP_FW_NAT_GET_LOG:
+               if (IPFW_NAT_LOADED)
+                       error = ipfw_nat_get_log_ptr(sopt);
+               else {
+                       printf("IP_FW_NAT_GET_LOG: %s\n",
+                               "ipfw_nat not present, please load it");
+                       error = EINVAL;
+               }
+               break;
+
+       default:
+               printf("ipfw: ipfw_ctl invalid option %d\n", sopt->sopt_name);
+               error = EINVAL;
+       }
+
+       return (error);
+#undef RULE_MAXSIZE
+}
+
+/**
+ * dummynet needs a reference to the default rule, because rules can be
+ * deleted while packets hold a reference to them. When this happens,
+ * dummynet changes the reference to the default rule (it could well be a
+ * NULL pointer, but this way we do not need to check for the special
+ * case, plus here he have info on the default behaviour).
+ */
+struct ip_fw *ip_fw_default_rule;
+
+/*
+ * This procedure is only used to handle keepalives. It is invoked
+ * every dyn_keepalive_period
+ */
+static void
+ipfw_tick(void * __unused unused)
+{
+       struct mbuf *m0, *m, *mnext, **mtailp;
+       int i;
+       ipfw_dyn_rule *q;
+
+       if (dyn_keepalive == 0 || ipfw_dyn_v == NULL || dyn_count == 0)
+               goto done;
+
+       /*
+        * We make a chain of packets to go out here -- not deferring
+        * until after we drop the IPFW dynamic rule lock would result
+        * in a lock order reversal with the normal packet input -> ipfw
+        * call stack.
+        */
+       m0 = NULL;
+       mtailp = &m0;
+       IPFW_DYN_LOCK();
+       for (i = 0 ; i < curr_dyn_buckets ; i++) {
+               for (q = ipfw_dyn_v[i] ; q ; q = q->next ) {
+                       if (q->dyn_type == O_LIMIT_PARENT)
+                               continue;
+                       if (q->id.proto != IPPROTO_TCP)
+                               continue;
+                       if ( (q->state & BOTH_SYN) != BOTH_SYN)
+                               continue;
+                       if (TIME_LEQ( time_uptime+dyn_keepalive_interval,
+                           q->expire))
+                               continue;       /* too early */
+                       if (TIME_LEQ(q->expire, time_uptime))
+                               continue;       /* too late, rule expired */
+
+                       *mtailp = send_pkt(NULL, &(q->id), q->ack_rev - 1,
+                               q->ack_fwd, TH_SYN);
+                       if (*mtailp != NULL)
+                               mtailp = &(*mtailp)->m_nextpkt;
+                       *mtailp = send_pkt(NULL, &(q->id), q->ack_fwd - 1,
+                               q->ack_rev, 0);
+                       if (*mtailp != NULL)
+                               mtailp = &(*mtailp)->m_nextpkt;
+               }
+       }
+       IPFW_DYN_UNLOCK();
+       for (m = mnext = m0; m != NULL; m = mnext) {
+               mnext = m->m_nextpkt;
+               m->m_nextpkt = NULL;
+               ip_output(m, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
+       }
+done:
+       callout_reset(&ipfw_timeout, dyn_keepalive_period*hz, ipfw_tick, NULL);
+}
+
+int
+ipfw_init(void)
+{
+       struct ip_fw default_rule;
+       int error;
+
+#ifdef INET6
+       /* Setup IPv6 fw sysctl tree. */
+       sysctl_ctx_init(&ip6_fw_sysctl_ctx);
+       ip6_fw_sysctl_tree = SYSCTL_ADD_NODE(&ip6_fw_sysctl_ctx,
+           SYSCTL_STATIC_CHILDREN(_net_inet6_ip6), OID_AUTO, "fw",
+           CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_SECURE, 0, "Firewall");
+       SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(&ip6_fw_sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(ip6_fw_sysctl_tree),
+           OID_AUTO, "enable", CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_SECURE3,
+           &fw6_enable, 0, ipfw_chg_hook, "I", "Enable ipfw+6");
+       SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&ip6_fw_sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(ip6_fw_sysctl_tree),
+           OID_AUTO, "deny_unknown_exthdrs", CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_SECURE,
+           &fw_deny_unknown_exthdrs, 0,
+           "Deny packets with unknown IPv6 Extension Headers");
+#endif
+
+       layer3_chain.rules = NULL;
+       IPFW_LOCK_INIT(&layer3_chain);
+       ipfw_dyn_rule_zone = uma_zcreate("IPFW dynamic rule",
+           sizeof(ipfw_dyn_rule), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+           UMA_ALIGN_PTR, 0);
+       IPFW_DYN_LOCK_INIT();
+       callout_init(&ipfw_timeout, CALLOUT_MPSAFE);
+
+       bzero(&default_rule, sizeof default_rule);
+
+       default_rule.act_ofs = 0;
+       default_rule.rulenum = IPFW_DEFAULT_RULE;
+       default_rule.cmd_len = 1;
+       default_rule.set = RESVD_SET;
+
+       default_rule.cmd[0].len = 1;
+       default_rule.cmd[0].opcode =
+#ifdef IPFIREWALL_DEFAULT_TO_ACCEPT
+                               1 ? O_ACCEPT :
+#endif
+                               O_DENY;
+
+       error = add_rule(&layer3_chain, &default_rule);
+       if (error != 0) {
+               printf("ipfw2: error %u initializing default rule "
+                       "(support disabled)\n", error);
+               IPFW_DYN_LOCK_DESTROY();
+               IPFW_LOCK_DESTROY(&layer3_chain);
+               uma_zdestroy(ipfw_dyn_rule_zone);
+               return (error);
+       }
+
+       ip_fw_default_rule = layer3_chain.rules;
+       printf("ipfw2 "
+#ifdef INET6
+               "(+ipv6) "
+#endif
+               "initialized, divert %s, nat %s, "
+               "rule-based forwarding "
+#ifdef IPFIREWALL_FORWARD
+               "enabled, "
+#else
+               "disabled, "
+#endif
+               "default to %s, logging ",
+#ifdef IPDIVERT
+               "enabled",
+#else
+               "loadable",
+#endif
+#ifdef IPFIREWALL_NAT
+               "enabled",
+#else
+               "loadable",
+#endif
+
+               default_rule.cmd[0].opcode == O_ACCEPT ? "accept" : "deny");
+
+#ifdef IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE
+       fw_verbose = 1;
+#endif
+#ifdef IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE_LIMIT
+       verbose_limit = IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE_LIMIT;
+#endif
+       if (fw_verbose == 0)
+               printf("disabled\n");
+       else if (verbose_limit == 0)
+               printf("unlimited\n");
+       else
+               printf("limited to %d packets/entry by default\n",
+                   verbose_limit);
+
+       error = init_tables(&layer3_chain);
+       if (error) {
+               IPFW_DYN_LOCK_DESTROY();
+               IPFW_LOCK_DESTROY(&layer3_chain);
+               uma_zdestroy(ipfw_dyn_rule_zone);
+               return (error);
+       }
+       ip_fw_ctl_ptr = ipfw_ctl;
+       ip_fw_chk_ptr = ipfw_chk;
+       callout_reset(&ipfw_timeout, hz, ipfw_tick, NULL);      
+       LIST_INIT(&layer3_chain.nat);
+       return (0);
+}
+
+void
+ipfw_destroy(void)
+{
+       struct ip_fw *reap;
+
+       ip_fw_chk_ptr = NULL;
+       ip_fw_ctl_ptr = NULL;
+       callout_drain(&ipfw_timeout);
+       IPFW_WLOCK(&layer3_chain);
+       flush_tables(&layer3_chain);
+       layer3_chain.reap = NULL;
+       free_chain(&layer3_chain, 1 /* kill default rule */);
+       reap = layer3_chain.reap, layer3_chain.reap = NULL;
+       IPFW_WUNLOCK(&layer3_chain);
+       if (reap != NULL)
+               reap_rules(reap);
+       IPFW_DYN_LOCK_DESTROY();
+       uma_zdestroy(ipfw_dyn_rule_zone);
+       if (ipfw_dyn_v != NULL)
+               free(ipfw_dyn_v, M_IPFW);
+       IPFW_LOCK_DESTROY(&layer3_chain);
+
+#ifdef INET6
+       /* Free IPv6 fw sysctl tree. */
+       sysctl_ctx_free(&ip6_fw_sysctl_ctx);
+#endif
+
+       printf("IP firewall unloaded\n");
+}