X-Git-Url: http://git.onelab.eu/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=lib%2Fnetdev-bsd.c;h=4a16e5cf39e2fe9bdd5e3be0f9029f63f2f32eff;hb=8fa5225080c9520ed686c99d1add90e1d1cf9e19;hp=eccb2c35d7ad115f9f0619f1c98491c161027bf6;hpb=bf8377a789bfb6f38493fd2e1b48debda251ab7d;p=sliver-openvswitch.git

diff --git a/lib/netdev-bsd.c b/lib/netdev-bsd.c
index eccb2c35d..4a16e5cf3 100644
--- a/lib/netdev-bsd.c
+++ b/lib/netdev-bsd.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011 Gaetano Catalli.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2013 Gaetano Catalli.
+ * Copyright (c) 2013 YAMAMOTO Takashi.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -39,17 +40,25 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
+#if defined(__NetBSD__)
+#include <net/route.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#include <netinet/if_inarp.h>
+#endif
 
 #include "rtbsd.h"
+#include "connectivity.h"
 #include "coverage.h"
 #include "dynamic-string.h"
 #include "fatal-signal.h"
 #include "ofpbuf.h"
 #include "openflow/openflow.h"
+#include "ovs-thread.h"
 #include "packets.h"
 #include "poll-loop.h"
-#include "socket-util.h"
+#include "seq.h"
 #include "shash.h"
+#include "socket-util.h"
 #include "svec.h"
 #include "util.h"
 #include "vlog.h"
@@ -69,16 +78,21 @@ struct netdev_rx_bsd {
     int fd;
 };
 
-static const struct netdev_rx_class netdev_rx_bsd_class;
-
 struct netdev_bsd {
     struct netdev up;
+
+    /* Never changes after initialization. */
+    char *kernel_name;
+
+    /* Protects all members below. */
+    struct ovs_mutex mutex;
+
     unsigned int cache_valid;
-    unsigned int change_seq;
 
     int ifindex;
     uint8_t etheraddr[ETH_ADDR_LEN];
     struct in_addr in4;
+    struct in_addr netmask;
     struct in6_addr in6;
     int mtu;
     int carrier;
@@ -88,8 +102,6 @@ struct netdev_bsd {
     /* Used for sending packets on non-tap devices. */
     pcap_t *pcap;
     int fd;
-
-    char *kernel_name;
 };
 
 
@@ -102,14 +114,6 @@ enum {
     VALID_CARRIER = 1 << 5
 };
 
-/* An AF_INET socket (used for ioctl operations). */
-static int af_inet_sock = -1;
-
-#if defined(__NetBSD__)
-/* AF_LINK socket used for netdev_bsd_get_stats and set_etheraddr */
-static int af_link_sock = -1;
-#endif /* defined(__NetBSD__) */
-
 #define PCAP_SNAPLEN 2048
 
 
@@ -128,13 +132,11 @@ static int cache_notifier_refcount;
 
 static struct vlog_rate_limit rl = VLOG_RATE_LIMIT_INIT(5, 20);
 
-static int netdev_bsd_do_ioctl(const char *, struct ifreq *, unsigned long cmd,
-                               const char *cmd_name);
 static void destroy_tap(int fd, const char *name);
 static int get_flags(const struct netdev *, int *flagsp);
 static int set_flags(const char *, int flags);
 static int do_set_addr(struct netdev *netdev,
-                       int ioctl_nr, const char *ioctl_name,
+                       unsigned long ioctl_nr, const char *ioctl_name,
                        struct in_addr addr);
 static int get_etheraddr(const char *netdev_name, uint8_t ea[ETH_ADDR_LEN]);
 static int set_etheraddr(const char *netdev_name, int hwaddr_family,
@@ -144,12 +146,16 @@ static int get_ifindex(const struct netdev *, int *ifindexp);
 static int ifr_get_flags(const struct ifreq *);
 static void ifr_set_flags(struct ifreq *, int flags);
 
-static int netdev_bsd_init(void);
+#ifdef __NetBSD__
+static int af_link_ioctl(unsigned long command, const void *arg);
+#endif
+
+static void netdev_bsd_run(void);
 
 static bool
 is_netdev_bsd_class(const struct netdev_class *netdev_class)
 {
-    return netdev_class->init == netdev_bsd_init;
+    return netdev_class->run == netdev_bsd_run;
 }
 
 static struct netdev_bsd *
@@ -162,7 +168,7 @@ netdev_bsd_cast(const struct netdev *netdev)
 static struct netdev_rx_bsd *
 netdev_rx_bsd_cast(const struct netdev_rx *rx)
 {
-    netdev_rx_assert_class(rx, &netdev_rx_bsd_class);
+    ovs_assert(is_netdev_bsd_class(netdev_get_class(rx->netdev)));
     return CONTAINER_OF(rx, struct netdev_rx_bsd, up);
 }
 
@@ -172,36 +178,6 @@ netdev_get_kernel_name(const struct netdev *netdev)
     return netdev_bsd_cast(netdev)->kernel_name;
 }
 
-/* Initialize the AF_INET socket used for ioctl operations */
-static int
-netdev_bsd_init(void)
-{
-    static int status = -1;
-
-    if (status >= 0) {  /* already initialized */
-        return status;
-    }
-
-    af_inet_sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
-    status = af_inet_sock >= 0 ? 0 : errno;
-    if (status) {
-        VLOG_ERR("failed to create inet socket: %s", strerror(status));
-        return status;
-    }
-
-#if defined(__NetBSD__)
-    af_link_sock = socket(AF_LINK, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
-    status = af_link_sock >= 0 ? 0 : errno;
-    if (status) {
-        VLOG_ERR("failed to create link socket: %s", strerror(status));
-        close(af_inet_sock);
-        af_inet_sock = -1;
-    }
-#endif /* defined(__NetBSD__) */
-
-    return status;
-}
-
 /*
  * Perform periodic work needed by netdev. In BSD netdevs it checks for any
  * interface status changes, and eventually calls all the user callbacks.
@@ -222,15 +198,6 @@ netdev_bsd_wait(void)
     rtbsd_notifier_wait();
 }
 
-static void
-netdev_bsd_changed(struct netdev_bsd *dev)
-{
-    dev->change_seq++;
-    if (!dev->change_seq) {
-        dev->change_seq++;
-    }
-}
-
 /* Invalidate cache in case of interface status change. */
 static void
 netdev_bsd_cache_cb(const struct rtbsd_change *change,
@@ -248,8 +215,9 @@ netdev_bsd_cache_cb(const struct rtbsd_change *change,
             if (is_netdev_bsd_class(netdev_class)) {
                 dev = netdev_bsd_cast(base_dev);
                 dev->cache_valid = 0;
-                netdev_bsd_changed(dev);
+                seq_change(connectivity_seq_get());
             }
+            netdev_close(base_dev);
         }
     } else {
         /*
@@ -262,9 +230,11 @@ netdev_bsd_cache_cb(const struct rtbsd_change *change,
         shash_init(&device_shash);
         netdev_get_devices(&netdev_bsd_class, &device_shash);
         SHASH_FOR_EACH (node, &device_shash) {
-            dev = node->data;
+            struct netdev *netdev = node->data;
+            dev = netdev_bsd_cast(netdev);
             dev->cache_valid = 0;
-            netdev_bsd_changed(dev);
+            seq_change(connectivity_seq_get());
+            netdev_close(netdev);
         }
         shash_destroy(&device_shash);
     }
@@ -296,12 +266,17 @@ cache_notifier_unref(void)
     return 0;
 }
 
-/* Allocate a netdev_bsd structure */
+static struct netdev *
+netdev_bsd_alloc(void)
+{
+    struct netdev_bsd *netdev = xzalloc(sizeof *netdev);
+    return &netdev->up;
+}
+
 static int
-netdev_bsd_create_system(const struct netdev_class *class, const char *name,
-                  struct netdev **netdevp)
+netdev_bsd_construct_system(struct netdev *netdev_)
 {
-    struct netdev_bsd *netdev;
+    struct netdev_bsd *netdev = netdev_bsd_cast(netdev_);
     enum netdev_flags flags;
     int error;
 
@@ -310,33 +285,26 @@ netdev_bsd_create_system(const struct netdev_class *class, const char *name,
         return error;
     }
 
-    netdev = xzalloc(sizeof *netdev);
-    netdev->change_seq = 1;
-    netdev_init(&netdev->up, name, class);
+    ovs_mutex_init(&netdev->mutex);
     netdev->tap_fd = -1;
-    netdev->kernel_name = xstrdup(name);
+    netdev->kernel_name = xstrdup(netdev_->name);
 
     /* Verify that the netdev really exists by attempting to read its flags */
-    error = netdev_get_flags(&netdev->up, &flags);
+    error = netdev_get_flags(netdev_, &flags);
     if (error == ENXIO) {
-        netdev_uninit(&netdev->up, false);
-        free(netdev);
+        free(netdev->kernel_name);
         cache_notifier_unref();
         return error;
     }
 
-    *netdevp = &netdev->up;
     return 0;
 }
 
-/*
- * Allocate a netdev_bsd structure with 'tap' class.
- */
 static int
-netdev_bsd_create_tap(const struct netdev_class *class, const char *name,
-                  struct netdev **netdevp)
+netdev_bsd_construct_tap(struct netdev *netdev_)
 {
-    struct netdev_bsd *netdev = NULL;
+    struct netdev_bsd *netdev = netdev_bsd_cast(netdev_);
+    const char *name = netdev_->name;
     int error = 0;
     struct ifreq ifr;
     char *kernel_name = NULL;
@@ -346,35 +314,33 @@ netdev_bsd_create_tap(const struct netdev_class *class, const char *name,
         goto error;
     }
 
-    /* allocate the device structure and set the internal flag */
-    netdev = xzalloc(sizeof *netdev);
-
     memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
 
     /* Create a tap device by opening /dev/tap.  The TAPGIFNAME ioctl is used
      * to retrieve the name of the tap device. */
+    ovs_mutex_init(&netdev->mutex);
     netdev->tap_fd = open("/dev/tap", O_RDWR);
-    netdev->change_seq = 1;
     if (netdev->tap_fd < 0) {
         error = errno;
-        VLOG_WARN("opening \"/dev/tap\" failed: %s", strerror(error));
-        goto error_undef_notifier;
+        VLOG_WARN("opening \"/dev/tap\" failed: %s", ovs_strerror(error));
+        goto error_unref_notifier;
     }
 
     /* Retrieve tap name (e.g. tap0) */
     if (ioctl(netdev->tap_fd, TAPGIFNAME, &ifr) == -1) {
         /* XXX Need to destroy the device? */
         error = errno;
-        goto error_undef_notifier;
+        close(netdev->tap_fd);
+        goto error_unref_notifier;
     }
 
     /* Change the name of the tap device */
 #if defined(SIOCSIFNAME)
     ifr.ifr_data = (void *)name;
-    if (ioctl(af_inet_sock, SIOCSIFNAME, &ifr) == -1) {
-        error = errno;
+    error = af_inet_ioctl(SIOCSIFNAME, &ifr);
+    if (error) {
         destroy_tap(netdev->tap_fd, ifr.ifr_name);
-        goto error_undef_notifier;
+        goto error_unref_notifier;
     }
     kernel_name = xstrdup(name);
 #else
@@ -389,36 +355,32 @@ netdev_bsd_create_tap(const struct netdev_class *class, const char *name,
     error = set_nonblocking(netdev->tap_fd);
     if (error) {
         destroy_tap(netdev->tap_fd, kernel_name);
-        goto error_undef_notifier;
+        goto error_unref_notifier;
     }
 
     /* Turn device UP */
     ifr_set_flags(&ifr, IFF_UP);
     strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, kernel_name, sizeof ifr.ifr_name);
-    if (ioctl(af_inet_sock, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &ifr) == -1) {
-        error = errno;
+    error = af_inet_ioctl(SIOCSIFFLAGS, &ifr);
+    if (error) {
         destroy_tap(netdev->tap_fd, kernel_name);
-        goto error_undef_notifier;
+        goto error_unref_notifier;
     }
 
-    /* initialize the device structure and
-     * link the structure to its netdev */
-    netdev_init(&netdev->up, name, class);
     netdev->kernel_name = kernel_name;
-    *netdevp = &netdev->up;
 
     return 0;
 
-error_undef_notifier:
+error_unref_notifier:
+    ovs_mutex_destroy(&netdev->mutex);
     cache_notifier_unref();
 error:
-    free(netdev);
     free(kernel_name);
     return error;
 }
 
 static void
-netdev_bsd_destroy(struct netdev *netdev_)
+netdev_bsd_destruct(struct netdev *netdev_)
 {
     struct netdev_bsd *netdev = netdev_bsd_cast(netdev_);
 
@@ -431,6 +393,14 @@ netdev_bsd_destroy(struct netdev *netdev_)
         pcap_close(netdev->pcap);
     }
     free(netdev->kernel_name);
+    ovs_mutex_destroy(&netdev->mutex);
+}
+
+static void
+netdev_bsd_dealloc(struct netdev *netdev_)
+{
+    struct netdev_bsd *netdev = netdev_bsd_cast(netdev_);
+
     free(netdev);
 }
 
@@ -478,7 +448,7 @@ netdev_bsd_open_pcap(const char *name, pcap_t **pcapp, int *fdp)
      * buffer becomes full or a timeout occurs. */
     if (ioctl(fd, BIOCIMMEDIATE, &one) < 0 ) {
         VLOG_ERR_RL(&rl, "ioctl(BIOCIMMEDIATE) on %s device failed: %s",
-                    name, strerror(errno));
+                    name, ovs_strerror(errno));
         error = errno;
         goto error;
     }
@@ -503,45 +473,50 @@ error:
     return error;
 }
 
+static struct netdev_rx *
+netdev_bsd_rx_alloc(void)
+{
+    struct netdev_rx_bsd *rx = xzalloc(sizeof *rx);
+    return &rx->up;
+}
+
 static int
-netdev_bsd_rx_open(struct netdev *netdev_, struct netdev_rx **rxp)
+netdev_bsd_rx_construct(struct netdev_rx *rx_)
 {
+    struct netdev_rx_bsd *rx = netdev_rx_bsd_cast(rx_);
+    struct netdev *netdev_ = rx->up.netdev;
     struct netdev_bsd *netdev = netdev_bsd_cast(netdev_);
-
-    struct netdev_rx_bsd *rx;
-    pcap_t *pcap;
-    int fd;
+    int error;
 
     if (!strcmp(netdev_get_type(netdev_), "tap")) {
-        pcap = NULL;
-        fd = netdev->tap_fd;
+        rx->pcap_handle = NULL;
+        rx->fd = netdev->tap_fd;
+        error = 0;
     } else {
-        int error = netdev_bsd_open_pcap(netdev_get_kernel_name(netdev_),
-                                         &pcap, &fd);
-        if (error) {
-            return error;
-        }
-
-        netdev_bsd_changed(netdev);
+        ovs_mutex_lock(&netdev->mutex);
+        error = netdev_bsd_open_pcap(netdev_get_kernel_name(netdev_),
+                                     &rx->pcap_handle, &rx->fd);
+        ovs_mutex_unlock(&netdev->mutex);
     }
 
-    rx = xmalloc(sizeof *rx);
-    netdev_rx_init(&rx->up, netdev_, &netdev_rx_bsd_class);
-    rx->pcap_handle = pcap;
-    rx->fd = fd;
-
-    *rxp = &rx->up;
-    return 0;
+    return error;
 }
 
 static void
-netdev_rx_bsd_destroy(struct netdev_rx *rx_)
+netdev_bsd_rx_destruct(struct netdev_rx *rx_)
 {
     struct netdev_rx_bsd *rx = netdev_rx_bsd_cast(rx_);
 
     if (rx->pcap_handle) {
         pcap_close(rx->pcap_handle);
     }
+}
+
+static void
+netdev_bsd_rx_dealloc(struct netdev_rx *rx_)
+{
+    struct netdev_rx_bsd *rx = netdev_rx_bsd_cast(rx_);
+
     free(rx);
 }
 
@@ -633,16 +608,15 @@ netdev_rx_bsd_recv_tap(struct netdev_rx_bsd *rx, void *data, size_t size)
         } else if (errno != EINTR) {
             if (errno != EAGAIN) {
                 VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "error receiving Ethernet packet on %s: %s",
-                             strerror(errno), netdev_rx_get_name(&rx->up));
+                             ovs_strerror(errno), netdev_rx_get_name(&rx->up));
             }
             return -errno;
         }
     }
 }
 
-
 static int
-netdev_rx_bsd_recv(struct netdev_rx *rx_, void *data, size_t size)
+netdev_bsd_rx_recv(struct netdev_rx *rx_, void *data, size_t size)
 {
     struct netdev_rx_bsd *rx = netdev_rx_bsd_cast(rx_);
 
@@ -656,7 +630,7 @@ netdev_rx_bsd_recv(struct netdev_rx *rx_, void *data, size_t size)
  * when a packet is ready to be received with netdev_rx_recv() on 'rx'.
  */
 static void
-netdev_rx_bsd_wait(struct netdev_rx *rx_)
+netdev_bsd_rx_wait(struct netdev_rx *rx_)
 {
     struct netdev_rx_bsd *rx = netdev_rx_bsd_cast(rx_);
 
@@ -665,7 +639,7 @@ netdev_rx_bsd_wait(struct netdev_rx *rx_)
 
 /* Discards all packets waiting to be received from 'rx'. */
 static int
-netdev_rx_bsd_drain(struct netdev_rx *rx_)
+netdev_bsd_rx_drain(struct netdev_rx *rx_)
 {
     struct ifreq ifr;
     struct netdev_rx_bsd *rx = netdev_rx_bsd_cast(rx_);
@@ -673,7 +647,7 @@ netdev_rx_bsd_drain(struct netdev_rx *rx_)
     strcpy(ifr.ifr_name, netdev_get_kernel_name(netdev_rx_get_netdev(rx_)));
     if (ioctl(rx->fd, BIOCFLUSH, &ifr) == -1) {
         VLOG_DBG_RL(&rl, "%s: ioctl(BIOCFLUSH) failed: %s",
-                    netdev_rx_get_name(rx_), strerror(errno));
+                    netdev_rx_get_name(rx_), ovs_strerror(errno));
         return errno;
     }
     return 0;
@@ -688,15 +662,16 @@ netdev_bsd_send(struct netdev *netdev_, const void *data, size_t size)
 {
     struct netdev_bsd *dev = netdev_bsd_cast(netdev_);
     const char *name = netdev_get_name(netdev_);
+    int error;
 
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&dev->mutex);
     if (dev->tap_fd < 0 && !dev->pcap) {
-        int error = netdev_bsd_open_pcap(name, &dev->pcap, &dev->fd);
-        if (error) {
-            return error;
-        }
+        error = netdev_bsd_open_pcap(name, &dev->pcap, &dev->fd);
+    } else {
+        error = 0;
     }
 
-    for (;;) {
+    while (!error) {
         ssize_t retval;
         if (dev->tap_fd >= 0) {
             retval = write(dev->tap_fd, data, size);
@@ -706,19 +681,24 @@ netdev_bsd_send(struct netdev *netdev_, const void *data, size_t size)
         if (retval < 0) {
             if (errno == EINTR) {
                 continue;
-            } else if (errno != EAGAIN) {
-                VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "error sending Ethernet packet on %s: %s",
-                             name, strerror(errno));
+            } else {
+                error = errno;
+                if (error != EAGAIN) {
+                    VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "error sending Ethernet packet on %s: "
+                                 "%s", name, ovs_strerror(error));
+                }
             }
-            return errno;
         } else if (retval != size) {
-            VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "sent partial Ethernet packet (%zd bytes of "
-                         "%zu) on %s", retval, size, name);
-           return EMSGSIZE;
+            VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "sent partial Ethernet packet (%"PRIuSIZE"d bytes of "
+                         "%"PRIuSIZE") on %s", retval, size, name);
+            error = EMSGSIZE;
         } else {
-            return 0;
+            break;
         }
     }
+
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&dev->mutex);
+    return error;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -731,6 +711,7 @@ netdev_bsd_send_wait(struct netdev *netdev_)
 {
     struct netdev_bsd *dev = netdev_bsd_cast(netdev_);
 
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&dev->mutex);
     if (dev->tap_fd >= 0) {
         /* TAP device always accepts packets. */
         poll_immediate_wake();
@@ -740,6 +721,7 @@ netdev_bsd_send_wait(struct netdev *netdev_)
         /* We haven't even tried to send a packet yet. */
         poll_immediate_wake();
     }
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&dev->mutex);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -751,8 +733,9 @@ netdev_bsd_set_etheraddr(struct netdev *netdev_,
                          const uint8_t mac[ETH_ADDR_LEN])
 {
     struct netdev_bsd *netdev = netdev_bsd_cast(netdev_);
-    int error;
+    int error = 0;
 
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&netdev->mutex);
     if (!(netdev->cache_valid & VALID_ETHERADDR)
         || !eth_addr_equals(netdev->etheraddr, mac)) {
         error = set_etheraddr(netdev_get_kernel_name(netdev_), AF_LINK,
@@ -760,11 +743,11 @@ netdev_bsd_set_etheraddr(struct netdev *netdev_,
         if (!error) {
             netdev->cache_valid |= VALID_ETHERADDR;
             memcpy(netdev->etheraddr, mac, ETH_ADDR_LEN);
-            netdev_bsd_changed(netdev);
+            seq_change(connectivity_seq_get());
         }
-    } else {
-        error = 0;
     }
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&netdev->mutex);
+
     return error;
 }
 
@@ -777,18 +760,22 @@ netdev_bsd_get_etheraddr(const struct netdev *netdev_,
                          uint8_t mac[ETH_ADDR_LEN])
 {
     struct netdev_bsd *netdev = netdev_bsd_cast(netdev_);
+    int error = 0;
 
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&netdev->mutex);
     if (!(netdev->cache_valid & VALID_ETHERADDR)) {
-        int error = get_etheraddr(netdev_get_kernel_name(netdev_),
-                                  netdev->etheraddr);
-        if (error) {
-            return error;
+        error = get_etheraddr(netdev_get_kernel_name(netdev_),
+                              netdev->etheraddr);
+        if (!error) {
+            netdev->cache_valid |= VALID_ETHERADDR;
         }
-        netdev->cache_valid |= VALID_ETHERADDR;
     }
-    memcpy(mac, netdev->etheraddr, ETH_ADDR_LEN);
+    if (!error) {
+        memcpy(mac, netdev->etheraddr, ETH_ADDR_LEN);
+    }
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&netdev->mutex);
 
-    return 0;
+    return error;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -800,30 +787,37 @@ static int
 netdev_bsd_get_mtu(const struct netdev *netdev_, int *mtup)
 {
     struct netdev_bsd *netdev = netdev_bsd_cast(netdev_);
+    int error = 0;
 
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&netdev->mutex);
     if (!(netdev->cache_valid & VALID_MTU)) {
         struct ifreq ifr;
-        int error;
 
-        error = netdev_bsd_do_ioctl(netdev_get_kernel_name(netdev_), &ifr,
+        error = af_inet_ifreq_ioctl(netdev_get_kernel_name(netdev_), &ifr,
                                     SIOCGIFMTU, "SIOCGIFMTU");
-        if (error) {
-            return error;
+        if (!error) {
+            netdev->mtu = ifr.ifr_mtu;
+            netdev->cache_valid |= VALID_MTU;
         }
-        netdev->mtu = ifr.ifr_mtu;
-        netdev->cache_valid |= VALID_MTU;
     }
+    if (!error) {
+        *mtup = netdev->mtu;
+    }
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&netdev->mutex);
 
-    *mtup = netdev->mtu;
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int
-netdev_bsd_get_ifindex(const struct netdev *netdev)
+netdev_bsd_get_ifindex(const struct netdev *netdev_)
 {
+    struct netdev_bsd *netdev = netdev_bsd_cast(netdev_);
     int ifindex, error;
 
-    error = get_ifindex(netdev, &ifindex);
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&netdev->mutex);
+    error = get_ifindex(netdev_, &ifindex);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&netdev->mutex);
+
     return error ? -error : ifindex;
 }
 
@@ -831,7 +825,9 @@ static int
 netdev_bsd_get_carrier(const struct netdev *netdev_, bool *carrier)
 {
     struct netdev_bsd *netdev = netdev_bsd_cast(netdev_);
+    int error = 0;
 
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&netdev->mutex);
     if (!(netdev->cache_valid & VALID_CARRIER)) {
         struct ifmediareq ifmr;
 
@@ -839,24 +835,56 @@ netdev_bsd_get_carrier(const struct netdev *netdev_, bool *carrier)
         strncpy(ifmr.ifm_name, netdev_get_kernel_name(netdev_),
                 sizeof ifmr.ifm_name);
 
-        if (ioctl(af_inet_sock, SIOCGIFMEDIA, &ifmr) == -1) {
-            VLOG_DBG_RL(&rl, "%s: ioctl(SIOCGIFMEDIA) failed: %s",
-                        netdev_get_name(netdev_), strerror(errno));
-            return errno;
-        }
-
-        netdev->carrier = (ifmr.ifm_status & IFM_ACTIVE) == IFM_ACTIVE;
-        netdev->cache_valid |= VALID_CARRIER;
+        error = af_inet_ioctl(SIOCGIFMEDIA, &ifmr);
+        if (!error) {
+            netdev->carrier = (ifmr.ifm_status & IFM_ACTIVE) == IFM_ACTIVE;
+            netdev->cache_valid |= VALID_CARRIER;
 
-        /* If the interface doesn't report whether the media is active,
-         * just assume it is active. */
-        if ((ifmr.ifm_status & IFM_AVALID) == 0) {
-            netdev->carrier = true;
+            /* If the interface doesn't report whether the media is active,
+             * just assume it is active. */
+            if ((ifmr.ifm_status & IFM_AVALID) == 0) {
+                netdev->carrier = true;
+            }
+        } else {
+            VLOG_DBG_RL(&rl, "%s: ioctl(SIOCGIFMEDIA) failed: %s",
+                        netdev_get_name(netdev_), ovs_strerror(error));
         }
     }
-    *carrier = netdev->carrier;
+    if (!error) {
+        *carrier = netdev->carrier;
+    }
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&netdev->mutex);
 
-    return 0;
+    return error;
+}
+
+static void
+convert_stats(struct netdev_stats *stats, const struct if_data *ifd)
+{
+    /*
+     * note: UINT64_MAX means unsupported
+     */
+    stats->rx_packets = ifd->ifi_ipackets;
+    stats->tx_packets = ifd->ifi_opackets;
+    stats->rx_bytes = ifd->ifi_obytes;
+    stats->tx_bytes = ifd->ifi_ibytes;
+    stats->rx_errors = ifd->ifi_ierrors;
+    stats->tx_errors = ifd->ifi_oerrors;
+    stats->rx_dropped = ifd->ifi_iqdrops;
+    stats->tx_dropped = UINT64_MAX;
+    stats->multicast = ifd->ifi_imcasts;
+    stats->collisions = ifd->ifi_collisions;
+    stats->rx_length_errors = UINT64_MAX;
+    stats->rx_over_errors = UINT64_MAX;
+    stats->rx_crc_errors = UINT64_MAX;
+    stats->rx_frame_errors = UINT64_MAX;
+    stats->rx_fifo_errors = UINT64_MAX;
+    stats->rx_missed_errors = UINT64_MAX;
+    stats->tx_aborted_errors = UINT64_MAX;
+    stats->tx_carrier_errors = UINT64_MAX;
+    stats->tx_fifo_errors = UINT64_MAX;
+    stats->tx_heartbeat_errors = UINT64_MAX;
+    stats->tx_window_errors = UINT64_MAX;
 }
 
 /* Retrieves current device stats for 'netdev'. */
@@ -880,7 +908,7 @@ netdev_bsd_get_stats(const struct netdev *netdev_, struct netdev_stats *stats)
 
     if (sysctl(mib, 5, &if_count, &len, (void *)0, 0) == -1) {
         VLOG_DBG_RL(&rl, "%s: sysctl failed: %s",
-                    netdev_get_name(netdev_), strerror(errno));
+                    netdev_get_name(netdev_), ovs_strerror(errno));
         return errno;
     }
 
@@ -891,32 +919,10 @@ netdev_bsd_get_stats(const struct netdev *netdev_, struct netdev_stats *stats)
         mib[4] = i; //row
         if (sysctl(mib, 6, &ifmd, &len, (void *)0, 0) == -1) {
             VLOG_DBG_RL(&rl, "%s: sysctl failed: %s",
-                        netdev_get_name(netdev_), strerror(errno));
+                        netdev_get_name(netdev_), ovs_strerror(errno));
             return errno;
         } else if (!strcmp(ifmd.ifmd_name, netdev_get_name(netdev_))) {
-            stats->rx_packets = ifmd.ifmd_data.ifi_ipackets;
-            stats->tx_packets = ifmd.ifmd_data.ifi_opackets;
-            stats->rx_bytes = ifmd.ifmd_data.ifi_ibytes;
-            stats->tx_bytes = ifmd.ifmd_data.ifi_obytes;
-            stats->rx_errors = ifmd.ifmd_data.ifi_ierrors;
-            stats->tx_errors = ifmd.ifmd_data.ifi_oerrors;
-            stats->rx_dropped = ifmd.ifmd_data.ifi_iqdrops;
-            stats->tx_dropped = UINT64_MAX;
-            stats->multicast = ifmd.ifmd_data.ifi_imcasts;
-            stats->collisions = ifmd.ifmd_data.ifi_collisions;
-
-            stats->rx_length_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-            stats->rx_over_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-            stats->rx_crc_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-            stats->rx_frame_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-            stats->rx_fifo_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-            stats->rx_missed_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-
-            stats->tx_aborted_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-            stats->tx_carrier_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-            stats->tx_fifo_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-            stats->tx_heartbeat_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-            stats->tx_window_errors = UINT64_MAX;
+            convert_stats(stats, &ifmd.ifmd_data);
             break;
         }
     }
@@ -924,44 +930,16 @@ netdev_bsd_get_stats(const struct netdev *netdev_, struct netdev_stats *stats)
     return 0;
 #elif defined(__NetBSD__)
     struct ifdatareq ifdr;
-    struct if_data *ifd;
-    int saved_errno;
-    int ret;
+    int error;
 
     memset(&ifdr, 0, sizeof(ifdr));
     strncpy(ifdr.ifdr_name, netdev_get_kernel_name(netdev_),
             sizeof(ifdr.ifdr_name));
-    ret = ioctl(af_link_sock, SIOCGIFDATA, &ifdr);
-    saved_errno = errno;
-    if (ret == -1) {
-        return saved_errno;
+    error = af_link_ioctl(SIOCGIFDATA, &ifdr);
+    if (!error) {
+        convert_stats(stats, &ifdr.ifdr_data);
     }
-    ifd = &ifdr.ifdr_data;
-    /*
-     * note: UINT64_MAX means unsupported
-     */
-    stats->rx_packets = ifd->ifi_ipackets;
-    stats->tx_packets = ifd->ifi_opackets;
-    stats->rx_bytes = ifd->ifi_obytes;
-    stats->tx_bytes = ifd->ifi_ibytes;
-    stats->rx_errors = ifd->ifi_ierrors;
-    stats->tx_errors = ifd->ifi_oerrors;
-    stats->rx_dropped = ifd->ifi_iqdrops;
-    stats->tx_dropped = UINT64_MAX;
-    stats->multicast = ifd->ifi_imcasts;
-    stats->collisions = ifd->ifi_collisions;
-    stats->rx_length_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-    stats->rx_over_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-    stats->rx_crc_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-    stats->rx_frame_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-    stats->rx_fifo_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-    stats->rx_missed_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-    stats->tx_aborted_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-    stats->tx_carrier_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-    stats->tx_fifo_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-    stats->tx_heartbeat_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-    stats->tx_window_errors = UINT64_MAX;
-    return 0;
+    return error;
 #else
 #error not implemented
 #endif
@@ -1065,10 +1043,11 @@ netdev_bsd_get_features(const struct netdev *netdev,
     /* We make two SIOCGIFMEDIA ioctl calls.  The first to determine the
      * number of supported modes, and a second with a buffer to retrieve
      * them. */
-    if (ioctl(af_inet_sock, SIOCGIFMEDIA, &ifmr) == -1) {
+    error = af_inet_ioctl(SIOCGIFMEDIA, &ifmr);
+    if (error) {
         VLOG_DBG_RL(&rl, "%s: ioctl(SIOCGIFMEDIA) failed: %s",
-                    netdev_get_name(netdev), strerror(errno));
-        return errno;
+                    netdev_get_name(netdev), ovs_strerror(error));
+        return error;
     }
 
     media_list = xcalloc(ifmr.ifm_count, sizeof(int));
@@ -1081,10 +1060,10 @@ netdev_bsd_get_features(const struct netdev *netdev,
         goto cleanup;
     }
 
-    if (ioctl(af_inet_sock, SIOCGIFMEDIA, &ifmr) == -1) {
+    error = af_inet_ioctl(SIOCGIFMEDIA, &ifmr);
+    if (error) {
         VLOG_DBG_RL(&rl, "%s: ioctl(SIOCGIFMEDIA) failed: %s",
-                    netdev_get_name(netdev), strerror(errno));
-        error = errno;
+                    netdev_get_name(netdev), ovs_strerror(error));
         goto cleanup;
     }
 
@@ -1110,40 +1089,43 @@ cleanup:
 }
 
 /*
- * If 'netdev' has an assigned IPv4 address, sets '*in4' to that address (if
- * 'in4' is non-null) and returns true.  Otherwise, returns false.
+ * If 'netdev' has an assigned IPv4 address, sets '*in4' to that address and
+ * '*netmask' to its netmask and returns true.  Otherwise, returns false.
  */
 static int
 netdev_bsd_get_in4(const struct netdev *netdev_, struct in_addr *in4,
                    struct in_addr *netmask)
 {
     struct netdev_bsd *netdev = netdev_bsd_cast(netdev_);
+    int error = 0;
 
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&netdev->mutex);
     if (!(netdev->cache_valid & VALID_IN4)) {
-        const struct sockaddr_in *sin;
         struct ifreq ifr;
-        int error;
 
         ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family = AF_INET;
-        error = netdev_bsd_do_ioctl(netdev_get_kernel_name(netdev_), &ifr,
+        error = af_inet_ifreq_ioctl(netdev_get_kernel_name(netdev_), &ifr,
                                     SIOCGIFADDR, "SIOCGIFADDR");
-        if (error) {
-            return error;
-        }
-
-        sin = (struct sockaddr_in *) &ifr.ifr_addr;
-        netdev->in4 = sin->sin_addr;
-        netdev->cache_valid |= VALID_IN4;
-        error = netdev_bsd_do_ioctl(netdev_get_kernel_name(netdev_), &ifr,
-                                    SIOCGIFNETMASK, "SIOCGIFNETMASK");
-        if (error) {
-            return error;
+        if (!error) {
+            const struct sockaddr_in *sin;
+
+            sin = (struct sockaddr_in *) &ifr.ifr_addr;
+            netdev->in4 = sin->sin_addr;
+            netdev->cache_valid |= VALID_IN4;
+            error = af_inet_ifreq_ioctl(netdev_get_kernel_name(netdev_), &ifr,
+                                        SIOCGIFNETMASK, "SIOCGIFNETMASK");
+            if (!error) {
+                *netmask = sin->sin_addr;
+            }
         }
-        *netmask = ((struct sockaddr_in*)&ifr.ifr_addr)->sin_addr;
     }
-    *in4 = netdev->in4;
+    if (!error) {
+        *in4 = netdev->in4;
+        *netmask = netdev->netmask;
+    }
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&netdev->mutex);
 
-    return in4->s_addr == INADDR_ANY ? EADDRNOTAVAIL : 0;
+    return error ? error : in4->s_addr == INADDR_ANY ? EADDRNOTAVAIL : 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1158,16 +1140,22 @@ netdev_bsd_set_in4(struct netdev *netdev_, struct in_addr addr,
     struct netdev_bsd *netdev = netdev_bsd_cast(netdev_);
     int error;
 
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&netdev->mutex);
     error = do_set_addr(netdev_, SIOCSIFADDR, "SIOCSIFADDR", addr);
     if (!error) {
-        netdev->cache_valid |= VALID_IN4;
-        netdev->in4 = addr;
         if (addr.s_addr != INADDR_ANY) {
             error = do_set_addr(netdev_, SIOCSIFNETMASK,
                                 "SIOCSIFNETMASK", mask);
+            if (!error) {
+                netdev->cache_valid |= VALID_IN4;
+                netdev->in4 = addr;
+                netdev->netmask = mask;
+            }
         }
-        netdev_bsd_changed(netdev);
+        seq_change(connectivity_seq_get());
     }
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&netdev->mutex);
+
     return error;
 }
 
@@ -1182,7 +1170,7 @@ netdev_bsd_get_in6(const struct netdev *netdev_, struct in6_addr *in6)
 
         if (getifaddrs(&head) != 0) {
             VLOG_ERR("getifaddrs on %s device failed: %s", netdev_name,
-                    strerror(errno));
+                    ovs_strerror(errno));
             return errno;
         }
 
@@ -1205,6 +1193,191 @@ netdev_bsd_get_in6(const struct netdev *netdev_, struct in6_addr *in6)
     return 0;
 }
 
+#if defined(__NetBSD__)
+static char *
+netdev_bsd_kernel_name_to_ovs_name(const char *kernel_name)
+{
+    char *ovs_name = NULL;
+    struct shash device_shash;
+    struct shash_node *node;
+
+    shash_init(&device_shash);
+    netdev_get_devices(&netdev_tap_class, &device_shash);
+    SHASH_FOR_EACH(node, &device_shash) {
+        struct netdev *netdev = node->data;
+        struct netdev_bsd * const dev = netdev_bsd_cast(netdev);
+
+        if (!strcmp(dev->kernel_name, kernel_name)) {
+            free(ovs_name);
+            ovs_name = xstrdup(netdev_get_name(&dev->up));
+        }
+        netdev_close(netdev);
+    }
+    shash_destroy(&device_shash);
+
+    return ovs_name ? ovs_name : xstrdup(kernel_name);
+}
+#endif
+
+static int
+netdev_bsd_get_next_hop(const struct in_addr *host OVS_UNUSED,
+                        struct in_addr *next_hop OVS_UNUSED,
+                        char **netdev_name OVS_UNUSED)
+{
+#if defined(__NetBSD__)
+    static int seq = 0;
+    struct sockaddr_in sin;
+    struct sockaddr_dl sdl;
+    int s;
+    int i;
+    struct {
+        struct rt_msghdr h;
+        char space[512];
+    } buf;
+    struct rt_msghdr *rtm = &buf.h;
+    const pid_t pid = getpid();
+    char *cp;
+    ssize_t ssz;
+    bool gateway = false;
+    char *ifname = NULL;
+    int saved_errno;
+
+    memset(next_hop, 0, sizeof(*next_hop));
+    *netdev_name = NULL;
+
+    memset(&sin, 0, sizeof(sin));
+    sin.sin_len = sizeof(sin);
+    sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
+    sin.sin_port = 0;
+    sin.sin_addr = *host;
+
+    memset(&sdl, 0, sizeof(sdl));
+    sdl.sdl_len = sizeof(sdl);
+    sdl.sdl_family = AF_LINK;
+
+    s = socket(PF_ROUTE, SOCK_RAW, 0);
+    memset(&buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
+    rtm->rtm_flags = RTF_HOST|RTF_UP;
+    rtm->rtm_version = RTM_VERSION;
+    rtm->rtm_addrs = RTA_DST|RTA_IFP;
+    cp = (void *)&buf.space;
+    memcpy(cp, &sin, sizeof(sin));
+    RT_ADVANCE(cp, (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&sin);
+    memcpy(cp, &sdl, sizeof(sdl));
+    RT_ADVANCE(cp, (struct sockaddr *)(void *)&sdl);
+    rtm->rtm_msglen = cp - (char *)(void *)rtm;
+    rtm->rtm_seq = ++seq;
+    rtm->rtm_type = RTM_GET;
+    rtm->rtm_pid = pid;
+    write(s, rtm, rtm->rtm_msglen);
+    memset(&buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
+    do {
+        ssz = read(s, &buf, sizeof(buf));
+    } while (ssz > 0 && (rtm->rtm_seq != seq || rtm->rtm_pid != pid));
+    saved_errno = errno;
+    close(s);
+    if (ssz <= 0) {
+        if (ssz < 0) {
+            return saved_errno;
+        }
+        return EPIPE; /* XXX */
+    }
+    cp = (void *)&buf.space;
+    for (i = 1; i; i <<= 1) {
+        if ((rtm->rtm_addrs & i) != 0) {
+            const struct sockaddr *sa = (const void *)cp;
+
+            if ((i == RTA_GATEWAY) && sa->sa_family == AF_INET) {
+                const struct sockaddr_in * const sin =
+                  (const struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
+
+                *next_hop = sin->sin_addr;
+                gateway = true;
+            }
+            if ((i == RTA_IFP) && sa->sa_family == AF_LINK) {
+                const struct sockaddr_dl * const sdl =
+                  (const struct sockaddr_dl *)sa;
+                char *kernel_name;
+
+                kernel_name = xmemdup0(sdl->sdl_data, sdl->sdl_nlen);
+                ifname = netdev_bsd_kernel_name_to_ovs_name(kernel_name);
+                free(kernel_name);
+            }
+            RT_ADVANCE(cp, sa);
+        }
+    }
+    if (ifname == NULL) {
+        return ENXIO;
+    }
+    if (!gateway) {
+        *next_hop = *host;
+    }
+    *netdev_name = ifname;
+    VLOG_DBG("host " IP_FMT " next-hop " IP_FMT " if %s",
+      IP_ARGS(host->s_addr), IP_ARGS(next_hop->s_addr), *netdev_name);
+    return 0;
+#else
+    return EOPNOTSUPP;
+#endif
+}
+
+static int
+netdev_bsd_arp_lookup(const struct netdev *netdev OVS_UNUSED,
+                      ovs_be32 ip OVS_UNUSED,
+		      uint8_t mac[ETH_ADDR_LEN] OVS_UNUSED)
+{
+#if defined(__NetBSD__)
+    const struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
+    size_t needed;
+    char *buf;
+    const char *cp;
+    const char *ep;
+    int mib[6];
+    int error;
+
+    buf = NULL;
+    mib[0] = CTL_NET;
+    mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
+    mib[2] = 0;
+    mib[3] = AF_INET;
+    mib[4] = NET_RT_FLAGS;
+    mib[5] = RTF_LLINFO;
+    if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) == -1) {
+        error = errno;
+        goto error;
+    }
+    buf = xmalloc(needed);
+    if (sysctl(mib, 6, buf, &needed, NULL, 0) == -1) {
+        error = errno;
+        goto error;
+    }
+    ep = buf + needed;
+    for (cp = buf; cp < ep; cp += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
+        const struct sockaddr_inarp *sina;
+        const struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
+
+        rtm = (const void *)cp;
+        sina = (const void *)(rtm + 1);
+        if (ip != sina->sin_addr.s_addr) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        sdl = (const void *)
+           ((const char *)(const void *)sina + RT_ROUNDUP(sina->sin_len));
+        if (sdl->sdl_alen == ETH_ADDR_LEN) {
+            memcpy(mac, &sdl->sdl_data[sdl->sdl_nlen], ETH_ADDR_LEN);
+            error = 0;
+            goto error;
+        }
+    }
+    error = ENXIO;
+error:
+    free(buf);
+    return error;
+#else
+    return EOPNOTSUPP;
+#endif
+}
+
 static void
 make_in4_sockaddr(struct sockaddr *sa, struct in_addr addr)
 {
@@ -1220,11 +1393,12 @@ make_in4_sockaddr(struct sockaddr *sa, struct in_addr addr)
 
 static int
 do_set_addr(struct netdev *netdev,
-            int ioctl_nr, const char *ioctl_name, struct in_addr addr)
+            unsigned long ioctl_nr, const char *ioctl_name,
+            struct in_addr addr)
 {
     struct ifreq ifr;
     make_in4_sockaddr(&ifr.ifr_addr, addr);
-    return netdev_bsd_do_ioctl(netdev_get_kernel_name(netdev), &ifr, ioctl_nr,
+    return af_inet_ifreq_ioctl(netdev_get_kernel_name(netdev), &ifr, ioctl_nr,
                                ioctl_name);
 }
 
@@ -1241,6 +1415,9 @@ nd_to_iff_flags(enum netdev_flags nd)
         iff |= IFF_PPROMISC;
 #endif
     }
+    if (nd & NETDEV_LOOPBACK) {
+        iff |= IFF_LOOPBACK;
+    }
     return iff;
 }
 
@@ -1254,6 +1431,9 @@ iff_to_nd_flags(int iff)
     if (iff & IFF_PROMISC) {
         nd |= NETDEV_PROMISC;
     }
+    if (iff & IFF_LOOPBACK) {
+        nd |= NETDEV_LOOPBACK;
+    }
     return nd;
 }
 
@@ -1261,7 +1441,6 @@ static int
 netdev_bsd_update_flags(struct netdev *netdev_, enum netdev_flags off,
                         enum netdev_flags on, enum netdev_flags *old_flagsp)
 {
-    struct netdev_bsd *netdev = netdev_bsd_cast(netdev_);
     int old_flags, new_flags;
     int error;
 
@@ -1271,33 +1450,27 @@ netdev_bsd_update_flags(struct netdev *netdev_, enum netdev_flags off,
         new_flags = (old_flags & ~nd_to_iff_flags(off)) | nd_to_iff_flags(on);
         if (new_flags != old_flags) {
             error = set_flags(netdev_get_kernel_name(netdev_), new_flags);
-            netdev_bsd_changed(netdev);
+            seq_change(connectivity_seq_get());
         }
     }
     return error;
 }
 
-static unsigned int
-netdev_bsd_change_seq(const struct netdev *netdev)
-{
-    return netdev_bsd_cast(netdev)->change_seq;
-}
-
 
 const struct netdev_class netdev_bsd_class = {
     "system",
 
-    netdev_bsd_init,
+    NULL, /* init */
     netdev_bsd_run,
     netdev_bsd_wait,
-    netdev_bsd_create_system,
-    netdev_bsd_destroy,
+    netdev_bsd_alloc,
+    netdev_bsd_construct_system,
+    netdev_bsd_destruct,
+    netdev_bsd_dealloc,
     NULL, /* get_config */
     NULL, /* set_config */
     NULL, /* get_tunnel_config */
 
-    netdev_bsd_rx_open,
-
     netdev_bsd_send,
     netdev_bsd_send_wait,
 
@@ -1323,36 +1496,44 @@ const struct netdev_class netdev_bsd_class = {
     NULL, /* set_queue */
     NULL, /* delete_queue */
     NULL, /* get_queue_stats */
-    NULL, /* dump_queue */
+    NULL, /* queue_dump_start */
+    NULL, /* queue_dump_next */
+    NULL, /* queue_dump_done */
     NULL, /* dump_queue_stats */
 
     netdev_bsd_get_in4,
     netdev_bsd_set_in4,
     netdev_bsd_get_in6,
     NULL, /* add_router */
-    NULL, /* get_next_hop */
+    netdev_bsd_get_next_hop,
     NULL, /* get_status */
-    NULL, /* arp_lookup */
+    netdev_bsd_arp_lookup, /* arp_lookup */
 
     netdev_bsd_update_flags,
 
-    netdev_bsd_change_seq
+    netdev_bsd_rx_alloc,
+    netdev_bsd_rx_construct,
+    netdev_bsd_rx_destruct,
+    netdev_bsd_rx_dealloc,
+    netdev_bsd_rx_recv,
+    netdev_bsd_rx_wait,
+    netdev_bsd_rx_drain,
 };
 
 const struct netdev_class netdev_tap_class = {
     "tap",
 
-    netdev_bsd_init,
+    NULL, /* init */
     netdev_bsd_run,
     netdev_bsd_wait,
-    netdev_bsd_create_tap,
-    netdev_bsd_destroy,
+    netdev_bsd_alloc,
+    netdev_bsd_construct_tap,
+    netdev_bsd_destruct,
+    netdev_bsd_dealloc,
     NULL, /* get_config */
     NULL, /* set_config */
     NULL, /* get_tunnel_config */
 
-    netdev_bsd_rx_open,
-
     netdev_bsd_send,
     netdev_bsd_send_wait,
 
@@ -1378,27 +1559,28 @@ const struct netdev_class netdev_tap_class = {
     NULL, /* set_queue */
     NULL, /* delete_queue */
     NULL, /* get_queue_stats */
-    NULL, /* dump_queue */
+    NULL, /* queue_dump_start */
+    NULL, /* queue_dump_next */
+    NULL, /* queue_dump_done */
     NULL, /* dump_queue_stats */
 
     netdev_bsd_get_in4,
     netdev_bsd_set_in4,
     netdev_bsd_get_in6,
     NULL, /* add_router */
-    NULL, /* get_next_hop */
+    netdev_bsd_get_next_hop,
     NULL, /* get_status */
-    NULL, /* arp_lookup */
+    netdev_bsd_arp_lookup, /* arp_lookup */
 
     netdev_bsd_update_flags,
 
-    netdev_bsd_change_seq
-};
-
-static const struct netdev_rx_class netdev_rx_bsd_class = {
-    netdev_rx_bsd_destroy,
-    netdev_rx_bsd_recv,
-    netdev_rx_bsd_wait,
-    netdev_rx_bsd_drain,
+    netdev_bsd_rx_alloc,
+    netdev_bsd_rx_construct,
+    netdev_bsd_rx_destruct,
+    netdev_bsd_rx_dealloc,
+    netdev_bsd_rx_recv,
+    netdev_bsd_rx_wait,
+    netdev_bsd_rx_drain,
 };
 
 
@@ -1410,7 +1592,7 @@ destroy_tap(int fd, const char *name)
     close(fd);
     strcpy(ifr.ifr_name, name);
     /* XXX What to do if this call fails? */
-    ioctl(af_inet_sock, SIOCIFDESTROY, &ifr);
+    af_inet_ioctl(SIOCIFDESTROY, &ifr);
 }
 
 static int
@@ -1419,7 +1601,7 @@ get_flags(const struct netdev *netdev, int *flags)
     struct ifreq ifr;
     int error;
 
-    error = netdev_bsd_do_ioctl(netdev_get_kernel_name(netdev), &ifr,
+    error = af_inet_ifreq_ioctl(netdev_get_kernel_name(netdev), &ifr,
                                 SIOCGIFFLAGS, "SIOCGIFFLAGS");
 
     *flags = ifr_get_flags(&ifr);
@@ -1434,7 +1616,7 @@ set_flags(const char *name, int flags)
 
     ifr_set_flags(&ifr, flags);
 
-    return netdev_bsd_do_ioctl(name, &ifr, SIOCSIFFLAGS, "SIOCSIFFLAGS");
+    return af_inet_ifreq_ioctl(name, &ifr, SIOCSIFFLAGS, "SIOCSIFFLAGS");
 }
 
 static int
@@ -1463,7 +1645,7 @@ get_etheraddr(const char *netdev_name, uint8_t ea[ETH_ADDR_LEN])
 
     if (getifaddrs(&head) != 0) {
         VLOG_ERR("getifaddrs on %s device failed: %s", netdev_name,
-                strerror(errno));
+                ovs_strerror(errno));
         return errno;
     }
 
@@ -1492,23 +1674,25 @@ set_etheraddr(const char *netdev_name OVS_UNUSED, int hwaddr_family OVS_UNUSED,
 {
 #if defined(__FreeBSD__)
     struct ifreq ifr;
+    int error;
 
     memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof ifr);
     strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, netdev_name, sizeof ifr.ifr_name);
     ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family = hwaddr_family;
     ifr.ifr_addr.sa_len = hwaddr_len;
     memcpy(ifr.ifr_addr.sa_data, mac, hwaddr_len);
-    if (ioctl(af_inet_sock, SIOCSIFLLADDR, &ifr) < 0) {
+    error = af_inet_ioctl(SIOCSIFLLADDR, &ifr);
+    if (error) {
         VLOG_ERR("ioctl(SIOCSIFLLADDR) on %s device failed: %s",
-                 netdev_name, strerror(errno));
-        return errno;
+                 netdev_name, ovs_strerror(error));
+        return error;
     }
     return 0;
 #elif defined(__NetBSD__)
     struct if_laddrreq req;
     struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
     struct sockaddr_storage oldaddr;
-    int ret;
+    int error;
 
     /*
      * get the old address, add new one, and then remove old one.
@@ -1524,9 +1708,10 @@ set_etheraddr(const char *netdev_name OVS_UNUSED, int hwaddr_family OVS_UNUSED,
     req.addr.ss_family = hwaddr_family;
     sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)&req.addr;
     sdl->sdl_alen = hwaddr_len;
-    ret = ioctl(af_link_sock, SIOCGLIFADDR, &req);
-    if (ret == -1) {
-        return errno;
+
+    error = af_link_ioctl(SIOCGLIFADDR, &req);
+    if (error) {
+        return error;
     }
     if (!memcmp(&sdl->sdl_data[sdl->sdl_nlen], mac, hwaddr_len)) {
         return 0;
@@ -1541,44 +1726,27 @@ set_etheraddr(const char *netdev_name OVS_UNUSED, int hwaddr_family OVS_UNUSED,
     sdl->sdl_alen = hwaddr_len;
     sdl->sdl_family = hwaddr_family;
     memcpy(sdl->sdl_data, mac, hwaddr_len);
-    ret = ioctl(af_link_sock, SIOCALIFADDR, &req);
-    if (ret == -1) {
-        return errno;
+    error = af_link_ioctl(SIOCALIFADDR, &req);
+    if (error) {
+        return error;
     }
 
     memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));
     strncpy(req.iflr_name, netdev_name, sizeof(req.iflr_name));
     req.addr = oldaddr;
-    ret = ioctl(af_link_sock, SIOCDLIFADDR, &req);
-    if (ret == -1) {
-        return errno;
-    }
-    return 0;
+    return af_link_ioctl(SIOCDLIFADDR, &req);
 #else
 #error not implemented
 #endif
 }
 
-static int
-netdev_bsd_do_ioctl(const char *name, struct ifreq *ifr, unsigned long cmd,
-                    const char *cmd_name)
-{
-    strncpy(ifr->ifr_name, name, sizeof ifr->ifr_name);
-    if (ioctl(af_inet_sock, cmd, ifr) == -1) {
-        VLOG_DBG_RL(&rl, "%s: ioctl(%s) failed: %s", name, cmd_name,
-                    strerror(errno));
-        return errno;
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-
 static int
 ifr_get_flags(const struct ifreq *ifr)
 {
 #ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_IFREQ_IFR_FLAGSHIGH
-    return (ifr.ifr_flagshigh << 16) | ifr.ifr_flags;
+    return (ifr->ifr_flagshigh << 16) | ifr->ifr_flags;
 #else
-    return ifr.ifr_flags;
+    return ifr->ifr_flags;
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -1590,3 +1758,25 @@ ifr_set_flags(struct ifreq *ifr, int flags)
     ifr->ifr_flagshigh = flags >> 16;
 #endif
 }
+
+/* Calls ioctl() on an AF_LINK sock, passing the specified 'command' and
+ * 'arg'.  Returns 0 if successful, otherwise a positive errno value. */
+int
+af_link_ioctl(unsigned long command, const void *arg)
+{
+    static struct ovsthread_once once = OVSTHREAD_ONCE_INITIALIZER;
+    static int sock;
+
+    if (ovsthread_once_start(&once)) {
+        sock = socket(AF_LINK, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
+        if (sock < 0) {
+            sock = -errno;
+            VLOG_ERR("failed to create link socket: %s", ovs_strerror(errno));
+        }
+        ovsthread_once_done(&once);
+    }
+
+    return (sock < 0 ? -sock
+            : ioctl(sock, command, arg) == -1 ? errno
+            : 0);
+}