2 Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver
3 ==========================================
10 To enable the ALSA support, at least you need to build the kernel with
11 the primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND). Since ALSA can emulate
12 the OSS, you don't have to choose any of the OSS/Free modules. Please
13 enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and
14 PCM supports if you want to run the OSS application with the ALSA.
16 When you want to support the WaveTable functionality on some cards
17 such like SB Live!, you need to enable "Sequencer support"
18 (CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER).
20 For getting more verbose debug messages, turn on "Verbose printk" and
21 "Debug" options. For checking the memory leaks, you can turn on
22 "Debug memory" option, too. "Debug detection" will put more
23 additional checks for the detection of cards.
25 Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support Linux isapnp API (if
26 the card supports). You don't need to configure the PnP via
33 Use the /dev/MAKEDEV script to create the nessecary device nodes.
39 A user can modify or set parameters at the load time of the module. If
40 the module supports more cards and you have got more than one card
41 of the same type, you may simply specify more values for the parameter,
44 Note that module option names were changed in 0.9.0rc4. The 'snd_'
50 The module snd is the ALSA core module, which is used by all ALSA
51 card drivers. This takes the global options for creating devices,
54 major - major # for sound driver
57 - specifies card limit # for auto-loading (1-8)
59 - for auto-loading more than 1 card, specify this option
60 together with snd-card-X aliases.
62 - specifies permission mask for dynamic sound device filesystem
63 (available only when DEVFS is enabled)
64 - default value = 0666
65 - for example 'device_mode=0660'
71 The PCM OSS emulation module.
72 This module takes the options to change the mapping of devices.
74 dsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
76 adsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
78 nonblock_open - Don't block opening busy PCM devices.
80 For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
81 the card #0. Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped
82 to PCM #0 of the card #0.
83 For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
84 commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1".
86 nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
87 regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
88 opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
89 immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
94 This module takes the options to change the mapping of OSS
95 devices like snd-pcm-oss module.
97 midi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
99 amidi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
102 Common parameters for top soundcard modules
103 -------------------------------------------
105 Each of top-level soundcard module takes some general options,
107 index - 0-7 - index (slot #) for soundcard
108 - if not set or -1, first free index (slot #) is assigned
109 id - user identification for card (up to 15 chars)
110 - default expression is 'card<index>' (for example card1)
111 - value is used for /proc/asound filesystem
112 - this value can be used by applications for identification
113 of card if user does not want identify card with index number
114 enable - enable card. (all cards enabled for PCI and ISA PnP cards
120 Module for soundcards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
122 port - port # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
123 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
124 fm_port - port # for OPL3 (PnP setup)
125 irq - IRQ # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
126 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
127 dma1 - first DMA # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
128 dma2 - second DMA # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
130 Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and PnP.
135 Module for soundcards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
137 port - port # for AD1848 chip
138 irq - IRQ # for AD1848 chip
139 dma1 - DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
141 Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
142 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
147 Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
149 pcm_channels - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
150 spdif - Support SPDIF I/O (disabled by default)
152 Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
154 The power-management is supported.
159 Module for soundcards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
161 port - port # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
162 irq - IRQ # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
163 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
164 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
165 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
166 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 (PnP setup)
167 fm_port - port # for OPL3 FM (PnP setup)
169 Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and PnP.
174 Module for soundcards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
176 joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support.
177 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
179 Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and PnP.
184 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 controllers.
186 ac97_clock - AC'97 clock (defalut = 48000)
187 spdif_aclink - S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
189 This module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
191 Module snd-atiixp-modem
192 -----------------------
194 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
196 Module supports up to 8 cards.
198 Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
199 -----------------------------------------
201 Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
203 pcifix - Control PCI workarounds
204 0 = Disable all workarounds
205 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff
206 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
207 Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge
208 3 = Force both settings
209 255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
211 This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
212 EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
213 Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
214 http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
215 SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
216 "spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
217 The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
220 Note: Some ALSA mixer applicactions don't handle the SPDIF samplerate
221 control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
222 another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
227 Module for soundcards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
229 port - port # for AZT2320 chip (PnP setup)
230 wss_port - port # for WSS (PnP setup)
231 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
232 fm_port - FM port # for AZT2320 chip (PnP setup)
233 irq - IRQ # for AZT2320 (WSS) chip (PnP setup)
234 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
235 dma1 - 1st DMA # for AZT2320 (WSS) chip (PnP setup)
236 dma2 - 2nd DMA # for AZT2320 (WSS) chip (PnP setup)
238 Module supports up to 8 cards, PnP and autoprobe.
243 Module for soundcards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
245 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
247 Module supports up to 8 cards.
252 Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
254 digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz)
256 Module supports up to 8 cards.
261 Module for soundcards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
263 wssport - port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
264 wssirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
265 wssdma - first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
266 sbport - port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
267 sbirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
268 sbdma8 - 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
269 sbdma16 - 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
271 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
276 Module for C-Media CMI8338 and 8738 PCI soundcards.
278 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, 0 = disable (default)
279 fm_port - 0x388 (default), 0 = disable (default)
280 soft_ac3 - Sofware-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only)
282 joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
284 Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
289 Module for soundcards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
291 port - port # for CS4231 chip
292 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
293 irq - IRQ # for CS4231 chip
294 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
295 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4231 chip
296 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4231 chip
298 Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
299 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
301 The power-management is supported.
306 Module for soundcards based on CS4232/CS4232A ISA chips.
308 port - port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
309 cport - control port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
310 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
311 fm_port - FM port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
312 irq - IRQ # for CS4232 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
313 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
314 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4232 chip (0,1,3)
315 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha CS4232 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
316 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
318 Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
319 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
321 The power-management is supported.
326 Module for soundcards based on CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/
327 CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
329 port - port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
330 cport - control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
331 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
332 fm_port - FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
333 irq - IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
334 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
335 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
336 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
337 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
339 Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
340 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
341 specified!!! Other ports are optional.
343 The power-management is supported.
348 Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
350 dual_codec - Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
352 Module supports up to 8 cards.
354 The power-management is supported.
359 Module for PCI soundcards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
360 CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
362 external_amp - Force to enable external amplifer.
363 thinkpad - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
364 mmap_valid - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
366 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
367 Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
368 from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
371 The power-management is supported.
376 Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
379 port - Port # (PnP setup)
380 mpu_port - Port # for MPU-401 (PnP setup)
381 fm_port - Port # for FM OPL-3 (PnP setup)
382 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
383 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 (PnP setup)
384 dma8 - DMA # (PnP setup)
386 Module supports up to 8 cards. This module is enabled only with
392 Module for the dummy soundcard. This soundcard doesn't do any output
393 or input, but you may use this module for any application which
394 requires a soundcard (like RealPlayer).
399 Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI soundcards.
400 * Sound Blaster Live!
401 * Sound Blaster PCI 512
402 * Emu APS (partially supported)
403 * Sound Blaster Audigy
405 extin - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
406 extout - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
407 seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
408 max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
409 max_buffer_size - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers
410 given in MB unit. Default value is 128.
411 enable_ir - enable IR
413 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
415 Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
416 * Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
417 * Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
418 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
419 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
420 * Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
421 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
422 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
423 * Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
424 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
425 * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
426 * Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
427 * Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
432 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI soundcards.
433 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
434 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
436 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
438 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
443 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI soundcards.
444 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
445 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
446 * SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
448 joystick_port - port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218),
449 0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect
451 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
456 Module for soundcards based on ESS ES968 chip (PnP only).
458 port - port # for ES968 (SB8) chip (PnP setup)
459 irq - IRQ # for ES968 (SB8) chip (PnP setup)
460 dma1 - DMA # for ES968 (SB8) chip (PnP setup)
462 Module supports up to 8 cards, PnP and autoprobe.
467 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 soundcards.
469 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
470 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
471 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
472 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
473 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
475 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
480 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx soundcards.
482 port - port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
483 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
484 fm_port - port # for FM (optional, not used)
485 irq - IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
486 dma1 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
487 dma2 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
488 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
490 Module supports up to 8 cards ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port
491 if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
492 When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex.
494 The power-management is supported.
499 Module for soundcards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
501 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
506 Module for soundcards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
508 total_bufsize - total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
509 pcm_substreams_p - playback channels (1-8, default=2)
510 pcm_substreams_c - capture channels (1-8, default=0)
511 clock - clock (0 = auto-detection)
512 use_pm - support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on,
514 enable_mpu - enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
515 joystick - enable joystick (default off)
517 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
519 The power-management is supported.
524 Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI soundcards.
526 tea575x_tuner - Enable TEA575x tuner
527 - 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS
528 - 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR
529 - 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
530 - High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1
531 - example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
533 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
535 Module snd-gusclassic
536 ---------------------
538 Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic soundcard.
540 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
541 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
542 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
543 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
544 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
545 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
546 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
548 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
550 Module snd-gusextreme
551 ---------------------
553 Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) soundcard.
555 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
556 gf1_port - port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
557 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
558 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
559 gf1_irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
560 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
561 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
562 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
563 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
564 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
565 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
567 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
572 Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX soundcard.
574 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
575 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
576 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
577 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
578 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
579 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
580 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
582 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
587 Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
589 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
591 line_outs_monitor - Send all input and playback streams to line outs
592 by default. (default = 0)
593 force_firmware - Force a reload of the I/O box firmware
596 Module supports up to 8 cards.
598 Note: you need to load the firmware via hdsploader utility included
599 in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
601 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
602 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
603 when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
604 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
605 stage of boot sequence.
610 Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI soundcards.
611 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
612 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
613 * MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
614 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
615 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
616 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
617 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
622 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
623 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
624 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
627 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
628 delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
629 delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
630 dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8
631 omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
632 cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transciever)
633 in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
635 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part
636 is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta
642 Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724) based PCI soundcards.
643 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
645 * TerraTec Aureon Sky-5.1, Space-7.1
647 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
648 revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, aureon51, aureon71,
651 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
656 Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
657 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
659 * NVidia NForce, NForce2
660 * AMD AMD768, AMD8111
663 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
664 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
665 mpu_port - MPU401 port # (0 = disabled, 0x330,0x300)
666 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware (-1 = default)
667 -1 = default, don't override
669 1 = use headphone control as master
670 2 = swap headphone and master controls
671 3 = for AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
672 4 = for ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
673 buggy_irq - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some
674 motherboards (default off)
676 Module supports autoprobe and multiple bus-master chips (max 8).
678 Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
679 if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
680 explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194".
682 The joystick and MPU-401 are supported only certain hardwares.
683 MPU401 is experimental, It doesn't work perfectly.
685 The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround
686 for specific devices. Some hardware have swapped output pins
687 between Master and Headphone, or Surround. The driver provides
688 the auto-detection of known problematic devices, but some might
689 be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass the proper
690 value with this option.
692 The power-management is supported.
697 Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
699 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
701 This module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
706 Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
707 and other soundcards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
709 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
710 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
711 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
712 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
713 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
714 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
715 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
716 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
719 Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
721 Module snd-interwave-stb
722 ------------------------
724 Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (soundcard from STB used by Compaq)
725 and other soundcards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
726 circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
728 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
729 port_tc - tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
730 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
731 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
732 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
733 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
734 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
735 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
736 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
739 Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
744 Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
746 Module supports up to 8 cards.
751 Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
753 external_amp - enable external amp (enabled by default)
754 amp_gpio - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or
755 -1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for
758 Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
760 Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
761 If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
762 specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
763 For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d"
766 The power-management is supported.
771 Module for Digigram miXart8 soundcards.
773 Module supports multiple cards.
774 Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
775 See MIXART.txt for details.
780 Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
782 port - port number or -1 (disable)
783 irq - IRQ number or -1 (disable)
784 acpipnp - ACPI PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
786 Module supports multiple devices (max 8) and ACPI PnP. If PnP is not
787 used (or ACPI not enabled), port and irq must be specified.
792 Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
795 port - I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
796 irq - IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
797 hwports - number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
799 Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
804 Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
806 playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
807 capture_bufsize - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
808 force_ac97 - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
809 buffer_top - specify buffer top address
810 use_cache - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
811 vaio_hack - alias buffer_top=0x25a800
813 Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
815 The power-management is supported.
817 Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
818 automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
819 In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicity via
822 Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
823 Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
824 The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
825 to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
826 case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
829 Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
830 codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
831 with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
832 even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
833 other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
834 but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to speicfy isapnp=0
835 and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
837 Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
838 OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
839 The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
840 X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
841 the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
842 you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
848 Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 soundcards.
850 port - control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
851 sb_port - SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
852 wss_port - WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
853 midi_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
854 fm_port - FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
855 irq - IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
856 dma1 - first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
857 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
858 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
860 Module supports up to 8 cards and ISA PnP. This module does not support
861 autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
863 The power-management is supported.
865 Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
866 -------------------------
868 Module for soundcards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
869 Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
871 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
872 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
873 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
874 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
875 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
876 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
878 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
880 Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
881 -------------------------
883 Module for soundcards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
885 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
886 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
887 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
888 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
889 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
890 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
891 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
893 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
898 Module for soundcards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
900 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
901 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
902 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
903 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
904 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
905 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
906 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
908 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
910 Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
911 ---------------------------------
913 Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
915 enable_beep - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
917 Module supports autoprobe a chip.
919 Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianess.
921 The power-management is supported.
926 Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
927 Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) soundcards.
929 Module supports up to 8 cards.
934 Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST soundcards.
936 Module supports up to 8 cards.
941 Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) soundcards.
943 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
946 Module supports up to 8 cards.
948 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
949 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
950 when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
951 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
952 stage of boot sequence.
954 Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
955 ---------------------------------------
957 Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 soundcard.
959 Module supports only one card.
960 Module has no enable and index options.
965 Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0,
969 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
970 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
971 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
973 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
975 Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
976 -----------------------------
978 Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
979 SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP),
980 SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
982 port - port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
983 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
984 awe_port - base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660)
985 (snd-sbawe module only)
986 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
987 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
988 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
989 mic_agc - Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
990 csp - ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
991 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
993 Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
995 Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
996 disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
997 Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
998 half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
1004 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcard.
1006 sbport - Port # for SB16 interface (0x220,0x240)
1007 wssport - Port # for WSS interface (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1008 irq - IRQ # (7,9,10,11)
1011 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1016 Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape PnP cards.
1018 port - Port # (PnP setup)
1019 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
1020 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
1021 dma - DMA # (PnP setup)
1023 Module supports up to 8 cards. ISA PnP must be enabled.
1024 You need sscape_ctl tool in alsa-tools package for loading
1027 Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
1028 --------------------------------------
1030 Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1032 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1034 Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
1035 -------------------------------------
1037 Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1039 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1041 Module snd-wavefront
1042 --------------------
1044 Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ soundcards.
1046 cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1047 cs4232_pcm_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
1048 cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
1049 cs4232_mpu_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
1050 use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
1051 (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
1052 ics2115_port - Port # for ICS2115
1053 ics2115_irq - IRQ # for ICS2115
1054 fm_port - FM OPL-3 Port #
1055 dma1 - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1056 dma2 - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1057 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1059 Module supports up to 8 cards and ISA PnP.
1061 Module snd-sonicvibes
1062 ---------------------
1064 Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI soundcards.
1065 * PINE Schubert 32 PCI
1067 reverb - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1068 - SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
1069 mge - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1071 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
1073 Module snd-serial-u16550
1074 ------------------------
1076 Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
1078 port - port # for UART16550A chip
1079 irq - IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
1080 speed - speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
1082 base - base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
1084 outs - number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
1086 adaptor - Type of adaptor.
1087 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
1088 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
1090 Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
1091 thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
1096 Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX soundcards.
1097 * Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
1099 * Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
1102 * CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
1103 * Shark Predator4D-PCI
1104 * Jaton SonicWave 4D
1106 pcm_channels - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
1107 wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
1109 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
1111 The power-management is supported.
1113 Module snd-usb-audio
1114 --------------------
1116 Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
1118 vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
1119 pid - Product ID for the device (optional)
1121 This module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1123 Module snd-usb-usx2y
1124 --------------------
1126 Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
1128 This module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1130 Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included
1131 in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
1136 Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233,
1137 8233A, 8233C, 8235 (south) bridge.
1139 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
1141 joystick - Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
1142 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1143 dxs_support - support DXS channels,
1144 0 = auto (defalut), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
1145 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA
1146 [VIA8233/C,8235 only]
1147 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1148 See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
1150 Module supports autoprobe and multiple bus-master chips (max 8).
1152 Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
1153 not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
1154 set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
1155 default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
1156 assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
1158 Note: VIA8233/5 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
1159 channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
1160 streams can be played at the same time.
1161 As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen
1162 except for the known devices since the output is often
1163 noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
1165 Please try once dxs_support=1 and if it works on other
1166 sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
1167 know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
1169 If it doesn't work, try dxs_support=4. If it still doesn't
1170 work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the
1171 right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
1172 try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels.
1173 In any cases, please let us know the result and the
1174 subsystem vendor/device ids.
1176 Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
1177 additonally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
1182 Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
1183 This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
1184 to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
1186 midi_devs - MIDI devices # (1-8, default=4)
1188 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1193 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
1195 mic - Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
1196 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1198 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1200 For loading the firmware, use vxloader utility in alsa-tools
1201 and alsa-firmware packages. You can load the firmware automatically
1202 by adding the following to /etc/modprobe.conf
1204 install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader
1206 (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to
1207 /etc/modules.conf, instead.)
1208 IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
1209 gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
1210 The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
1211 size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
1212 /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
1217 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 PCMCIA card.
1219 irq_mask - IRQ bitmask, specifies the available IRQs as bits
1220 (default = 0xffff, all available)
1221 irq_list - List of available interrupts (default = -1, not specified)
1222 4 numbers must be given (if specified).
1223 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1225 Module supports up to 8 cards. The module is compiled only when
1226 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
1228 To activate the driver via the card manager, you'll need to set
1229 up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c.
1231 For loading the firmware, use vxloader utility in alsa-tools
1232 and alsa-firmware packages.
1234 The irq_mask and irq_list are provided to avoid allocation of
1235 specific IRQs. Usually you don't need to specify them.
1237 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
1239 Note: the driver is build only when CONFIG_ISA is set.
1244 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket 440 PCMCIA card.
1246 irq_mask - IRQ bitmask, specifies the available IRQs as bits
1247 irq_list - List of available interrupts (default = -1, not specified)
1248 4 numbers must be given (if specified).
1249 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1251 Module supports up to 8 cards. The module is compiled only when
1252 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
1254 To activate the driver via the card manager, you'll need to set
1255 up /etc/pcmcia/vxp440.conf. See the sound/pcmcia/vx/vxp440.c.
1257 For loading the firmware, use vxloader utility in alsa-tools
1258 and alsa-firmware packages.
1260 The irq_mask and irq_list are provided to avoid allocation of
1261 specific IRQs. Usually you don't need to specify them.
1263 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
1265 Note: the driver is build only when CONFIG_ISA is set.
1270 Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
1272 mpu_port - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
1273 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
1274 fm_port - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
1275 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
1276 joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
1278 rear_switch - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
1280 Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
1282 The power-management is supported.
1284 Module snd-pdaudiocf
1285 --------------------
1287 Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF soundcard.
1289 irq_mask - IRQ mask (PCMCIA type)
1290 irq_list - List of available interrupts for this soundcard
1292 Note: the driver is build only when CONFIG_ISA is set.
1295 Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
1296 ============================
1298 When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
1299 supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp".
1300 If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
1301 For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option
1302 together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
1304 When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
1305 will be not built in.
1308 Module Autoloading Support
1309 ==========================
1311 The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
1312 module aliases. The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native
1313 devices where %i is soundcard number from zero to seven.
1315 To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
1316 'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which
1317 corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
1318 as the the same card module.
1320 An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
1321 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
1322 alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
1323 alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
1324 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
1326 The available number of auto-loaded soundcards depends on the module
1327 option "cards_limit" of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
1328 To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
1329 soundcards in that option.
1331 When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
1332 number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
1333 cards is kept consistent.
1335 An example configuration for two soundcards is like below:
1337 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
1339 options snd cards_limit=2
1340 alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
1341 alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
1342 options snd-interwave index=0
1343 options snd-ens1371 index=1
1345 alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
1346 alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
1347 ----- /etc/moprobe.conf
1349 In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
1350 (index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
1353 ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
1354 =======================================
1356 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0 -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
1357 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0 -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
1358 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1 -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
1359 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0 -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
1360 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0 -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
1361 /dev/snd/pcmC1D1 -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
1362 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0 -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
1363 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0 -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
1364 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1 -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
1366 The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y} expression means soundcard number
1367 and second means device number.
1368 Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
1369 options of snd-pcm-oss module.
1375 The ALSA driver fully supports the devfs extension.
1376 You should add lines below to your devfsd.conf file:
1378 LOOKUP snd MODLOAD ACTION snd
1379 REGISTER ^sound/.* PERMISSIONS root.audio 660
1380 REGISTER ^snd/.* PERMISSIONS root.audio 660
1382 Warning: These lines assume that you have the audio group in your system.
1383 Otherwise replace audio word with another group name (root for
1387 Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
1388 ==============================
1390 /proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
1391 -------------------------------
1392 String "erase" - erase all additional informations about OSS applications
1393 String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]"
1395 <app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path
1396 <fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto
1397 <fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
1398 <options> - optional parameters
1399 - disable the application tries to open a pcm device for
1400 this channel but does not want to use it.
1401 (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
1402 It's good for Quake etc...
1403 - direct don't use plugins
1404 - block force block mode (rvplayer)
1405 - non-block force non-block mode
1406 - whole-frag write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
1408 - no-silence do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
1410 Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
1411 echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
1412 echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
1418 ALSA project homepage
1419 http://www.alsa-project.org