2 * Copyright (c) 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 Nicira, Inc.
4 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6 * You may obtain a copy of the License at:
8 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14 * limitations under the License.
18 #define CLASSIFIER_H 1
26 * A flow classifier holds any number of "rules", each of which specifies
27 * values to match for some fields or subfields and a priority. The primary
28 * design goal for the classifier is that, given a packet, it can as quickly as
29 * possible find the highest-priority rule that matches the packet.
31 * Each OpenFlow table is implemented as a flow classifier.
37 * Suppose that all the rules in a classifier had the same form. For example,
38 * suppose that they all matched on the source and destination Ethernet address
39 * and wildcarded all the other fields. Then the obvious way to implement a
40 * classifier would be a hash table on the source and destination Ethernet
41 * addresses. If new classification rules came along with a different form,
42 * you could add a second hash table that hashed on the fields matched in those
43 * rules. With two hash tables, you look up a given flow in each hash table.
44 * If there are no matches, the classifier didn't contain a match; if you find
45 * a match in one of them, that's the result; if you find a match in both of
46 * them, then the result is the rule with the higher priority.
48 * This is how the classifier works. In a "struct classifier", each form of
49 * "struct cls_rule" present (based on its ->match.mask) goes into a separate
50 * "struct cls_subtable". A lookup does a hash lookup in every "struct
51 * cls_subtable" in the classifier and tracks the highest-priority match that
52 * it finds. The subtables are kept in a descending priority order according
53 * to the highest priority rule in each subtable, which allows lookup to skip
54 * over subtables that can't possibly have a higher-priority match than
57 * One detail: a classifier can contain multiple rules that are identical other
58 * than their priority. When this happens, only the highest priority rule out
59 * of a group of otherwise identical rules is stored directly in the "struct
60 * cls_subtable", with the other almost-identical rules chained off a linked
61 * list inside that highest-priority rule.
67 * Suppose that a given classifier is being used to handle multiple stages in a
68 * pipeline using "resubmit", with metadata (that is, the OpenFlow 1.1+ field
69 * named "metadata") distinguishing between the different stages. For example,
70 * metadata value 1 might identify ingress rules, metadata value 2 might
71 * identify ACLs, and metadata value 3 might identify egress rules. Such a
72 * classifier is essentially partitioned into multiple sub-classifiers on the
73 * basis of the metadata value.
75 * The classifier has a special optimization to speed up matching in this
78 * - Each cls_subtable that matches on metadata gets a tag derived from the
79 * subtable's mask, so that it is likely that each subtable has a unique
80 * tag. (Duplicate tags have a performance cost but do not affect
83 * - For each metadata value matched by any cls_rule, the classifier
84 * constructs a "struct cls_partition" indexed by the metadata value.
85 * The cls_partition has a 'tags' member whose value is the bitwise-OR of
86 * the tags of each cls_subtable that contains any rule that matches on
87 * the cls_partition's metadata value. In other words, struct
88 * cls_partition associates metadata values with subtables that need to
89 * be checked with flows with that specific metadata value.
91 * Thus, a flow lookup can start by looking up the partition associated with
92 * the flow's metadata, and then skip over any cls_subtable whose 'tag' does
93 * not intersect the partition's 'tags'. (The flow must also be looked up in
94 * any cls_subtable that doesn't match on metadata. We handle that by giving
95 * any such cls_subtable TAG_ALL as its 'tags' so that it matches any tag.)
101 * The classifier may safely be accessed by many reader threads concurrently or
102 * by a single writer. */
109 #include "openflow/nicira-ext.h"
110 #include "openflow/openflow.h"
111 #include "ovs-thread.h"
118 /* Needed only for the lock annotation in struct classifier. */
119 extern struct ovs_mutex ofproto_mutex;
121 /* A flow classifier. */
123 int n_rules; /* Total number of rules. */
124 struct hmap subtables; /* Contains "struct cls_subtable"s. */
125 struct list subtables_priority; /* Subtables in descending priority order.
127 struct hmap partitions; /* Contains "struct cls_partition"s. */
128 struct ovs_rwlock rwlock OVS_ACQ_AFTER(ofproto_mutex);
131 /* A set of rules that all have the same fields wildcarded. */
132 struct cls_subtable {
133 struct hmap_node hmap_node; /* Within struct classifier 'subtables' hmap.
135 struct list list_node; /* Within classifier 'subtables_priority' list.
137 struct hmap rules; /* Contains "struct cls_rule"s. */
138 struct minimask mask; /* Wildcards for fields. */
139 int n_rules; /* Number of rules, including duplicates. */
140 unsigned int max_priority; /* Max priority of any rule in the subtable. */
141 unsigned int max_count; /* Count of max_priority rules. */
142 tag_type tag; /* Tag generated from mask for partitioning. */
145 /* Returns true if 'table' is a "catch-all" subtable that will match every
146 * packet (if there is no higher-priority match). */
148 cls_subtable_is_catchall(const struct cls_subtable *subtable)
150 return minimask_is_catchall(&subtable->mask);
153 /* A rule in a "struct cls_subtable". */
155 struct hmap_node hmap_node; /* Within struct cls_subtable 'rules'. */
156 struct list list; /* List of identical, lower-priority rules. */
157 struct minimatch match; /* Matching rule. */
158 unsigned int priority; /* Larger numbers are higher priorities. */
159 struct cls_partition *partition;
162 /* Associates a metadata value (that is, a value of the OpenFlow 1.1+ metadata
163 * field) with tags for the "cls_subtable"s that contain rules that match that
165 struct cls_partition {
166 struct hmap_node hmap_node; /* In struct classifier's 'partitions' hmap. */
167 ovs_be64 metadata; /* metadata value for this partition. */
168 tag_type tags; /* OR of each flow's cls_subtable tag. */
169 struct tag_tracker tracker; /* Tracks the bits in 'tags'. */
172 void cls_rule_init(struct cls_rule *, const struct match *,
173 unsigned int priority);
174 void cls_rule_init_from_minimatch(struct cls_rule *, const struct minimatch *,
175 unsigned int priority);
176 void cls_rule_clone(struct cls_rule *, const struct cls_rule *);
177 void cls_rule_move(struct cls_rule *dst, struct cls_rule *src);
178 void cls_rule_destroy(struct cls_rule *);
180 bool cls_rule_equal(const struct cls_rule *, const struct cls_rule *);
181 uint32_t cls_rule_hash(const struct cls_rule *, uint32_t basis);
183 void cls_rule_format(const struct cls_rule *, struct ds *);
185 bool cls_rule_is_catchall(const struct cls_rule *);
187 bool cls_rule_is_loose_match(const struct cls_rule *rule,
188 const struct minimatch *criteria);
190 void classifier_init(struct classifier *cls);
191 void classifier_destroy(struct classifier *);
192 bool classifier_is_empty(const struct classifier *cls)
193 OVS_REQ_RDLOCK(cls->rwlock);
194 int classifier_count(const struct classifier *cls)
195 OVS_REQ_RDLOCK(cls->rwlock);
196 void classifier_insert(struct classifier *cls, struct cls_rule *)
197 OVS_REQ_WRLOCK(cls->rwlock);
198 struct cls_rule *classifier_replace(struct classifier *cls, struct cls_rule *)
199 OVS_REQ_WRLOCK(cls->rwlock);
200 void classifier_remove(struct classifier *cls, struct cls_rule *)
201 OVS_REQ_WRLOCK(cls->rwlock);
202 struct cls_rule *classifier_lookup(const struct classifier *cls,
204 struct flow_wildcards *)
205 OVS_REQ_RDLOCK(cls->rwlock);
206 bool classifier_rule_overlaps(const struct classifier *cls,
207 const struct cls_rule *)
208 OVS_REQ_RDLOCK(cls->rwlock);
210 typedef void cls_cb_func(struct cls_rule *, void *aux);
212 struct cls_rule *classifier_find_rule_exactly(const struct classifier *cls,
213 const struct cls_rule *)
214 OVS_REQ_RDLOCK(cls->rwlock);
215 struct cls_rule *classifier_find_match_exactly(const struct classifier *cls,
216 const struct match *,
217 unsigned int priority)
218 OVS_REQ_RDLOCK(cls->rwlock);
223 const struct classifier *cls;
224 const struct cls_subtable *subtable;
225 const struct cls_rule *target;
228 void cls_cursor_init(struct cls_cursor *cursor, const struct classifier *cls,
229 const struct cls_rule *match) OVS_REQ_RDLOCK(cls->rwlock);
230 struct cls_rule *cls_cursor_first(struct cls_cursor *cursor);
231 struct cls_rule *cls_cursor_next(struct cls_cursor *, const struct cls_rule *);
233 #define CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH(RULE, MEMBER, CURSOR) \
234 for (ASSIGN_CONTAINER(RULE, cls_cursor_first(CURSOR), MEMBER); \
235 RULE != OBJECT_CONTAINING(NULL, RULE, MEMBER); \
236 ASSIGN_CONTAINER(RULE, cls_cursor_next(CURSOR, &(RULE)->MEMBER), \
239 #define CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH_SAFE(RULE, NEXT, MEMBER, CURSOR) \
240 for (ASSIGN_CONTAINER(RULE, cls_cursor_first(CURSOR), MEMBER); \
241 (RULE != OBJECT_CONTAINING(NULL, RULE, MEMBER) \
242 ? ASSIGN_CONTAINER(NEXT, cls_cursor_next(CURSOR, &(RULE)->MEMBER), \
251 #endif /* classifier.h */