1 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
2 # Copyright (c) 2008 Board of Trustees, Princeton University
4 # Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
5 # a copy of this software and/or hardware specification (the "Work") to
6 # deal in the Work without restriction, including without limitation the
7 # rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
8 # and/or sell copies of the Work, and to permit persons to whom the Work
9 # is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
11 # The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
12 # included in all copies or substantial portions of the Work.
14 # THE WORK IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
15 # OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
16 # MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
17 # NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
18 # HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
19 # WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
20 # OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE WORK OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
22 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
25 # SFA uses two crypto libraries: pyOpenSSL and M2Crypto to implement
26 # the necessary crypto functionality. Ideally just one of these libraries
27 # would be used, but unfortunately each of these libraries is independently
28 # lacking. The pyOpenSSL library is missing many necessary functions, and
29 # the M2Crypto library has crashed inside of some of the functions. The
30 # design decision is to use pyOpenSSL whenever possible as it seems more
31 # stable, and only use M2Crypto for those functions that are not possible
34 # This module exports two classes: Keypair and Certificate.
38 # Notes on using the openssl command line
40 # for verifying the chain in a gid,
41 # assuming it is split into pieces p1.pem p2.pem p3.pem
42 # you can use openssl to verify the chain using this command
43 # openssl verify -verbose -CAfile <(cat p2.pem p3.pem) p1.pem
44 # also you can use sfax509 to invoke openssl x509 on all parts of the gid
48 from __future__ import print_function
54 from tempfile import mkstemp
57 # M2Crypto is imported on the fly to minimize crashes
60 from sfa.util.py23 import PY3
62 from sfa.util.faults import (CertExpired, CertMissingParent,
63 CertNotSignedByParent)
64 from sfa.util.sfalogging import logger
66 # this tends to generate quite some logs for little or no value
67 debug_verify_chain = True
69 glo_passphrase_callback = None
72 # A global callback may be implemented for requesting passphrases from the
73 # user. The function will be called with three arguments:
75 # keypair_obj: the keypair object that is calling the passphrase
76 # string: the string containing the private key that's being loaded
77 # x: unknown, appears to be 0, comes from pyOpenSSL and/or m2crypto
79 # The callback should return a string containing the passphrase.
82 def set_passphrase_callback(callback_func):
83 global glo_passphrase_callback
85 glo_passphrase_callback = callback_func
88 # Sets a fixed passphrase.
91 def set_passphrase(passphrase):
92 set_passphrase_callback(lambda k, s, x: passphrase)
95 # Check to see if a passphrase works for a particular private key string.
96 # Intended to be used by passphrase callbacks for input validation.
99 def test_passphrase(string, passphrase):
101 OpenSSL.crypto.load_privatekey(
102 OpenSSL.crypto.FILETYPE_PEM, string, (lambda x: passphrase))
108 def convert_public_key(key):
109 keyconvert_path = "/usr/bin/keyconvert.py"
110 if not os.path.isfile(keyconvert_path):
112 "Could not find keyconvert in {}".format(keyconvert_path))
114 # we can only convert rsa keys
116 raise Exception("keyconvert: dss keys are not supported")
118 (ssh_f, ssh_fn) = tempfile.mkstemp()
119 ssl_fn = tempfile.mktemp()
123 cmd = keyconvert_path + " " + ssh_fn + " " + ssl_fn
126 # this check leaves the temporary file containing the public key so
127 # that it can be expected to see why it failed.
128 # TODO: for production, cleanup the temporary files
129 if not os.path.exists(ssl_fn):
131 "generated certificate not found. keyconvert may have failed.")
135 k.load_pubkey_from_file(ssl_fn)
138 logger.log_exc("convert_public_key caught exception")
141 # remove the temporary files
142 if os.path.exists(ssh_fn):
144 if os.path.exists(ssl_fn):
148 # Public-private key pairs are implemented by the Keypair class.
149 # A Keypair object may represent both a public and private key pair, or it
150 # may represent only a public key (this usage is consistent with OpenSSL).
154 key = None # public/private keypair
155 m2key = None # public key (m2crypto format)
158 # Creates a Keypair object
159 # @param create If create==True, creates a new public/private key and
160 # stores it in the object
161 # @param string If string != None, load the keypair from the string (PEM)
162 # @param filename If filename != None, load the keypair from the file
164 def __init__(self, create=False, string=None, filename=None):
168 self.load_from_string(string)
170 self.load_from_file(filename)
173 # Create a RSA public/private key pair and store it inside the keypair
177 self.key = OpenSSL.crypto.PKey()
178 self.key.generate_key(OpenSSL.crypto.TYPE_RSA, 2048)
181 # Save the private key to a file
182 # @param filename name of file to store the keypair in
184 def save_to_file(self, filename):
185 open(filename, 'w').write(self.as_pem())
186 self.filename = filename
189 # Load the private key from a file. Implicity the private key includes the
192 def load_from_file(self, filename):
193 self.filename = filename
194 buffer = open(filename, 'r').read()
195 self.load_from_string(buffer)
198 # Load the private key from a string. Implicitly the private key includes
201 def load_from_string(self, string):
203 if glo_passphrase_callback:
204 self.key = OpenSSL.crypto.load_privatekey(
205 OpenSSL.crypto.FILETYPE_PEM, string,
206 functools.partial(glo_passphrase_callback, self, string))
207 self.m2key = M2Crypto.EVP.load_key_string(
208 string, functools.partial(glo_passphrase_callback,
211 self.key = OpenSSL.crypto.load_privatekey(
212 OpenSSL.crypto.FILETYPE_PEM, string)
213 self.m2key = M2Crypto.EVP.load_key_string(string)
216 # Load the public key from a string. No private key is loaded.
218 def load_pubkey_from_file(self, filename):
220 # load the m2 public key
221 m2rsakey = M2Crypto.RSA.load_pub_key(filename)
222 self.m2key = M2Crypto.EVP.PKey()
223 self.m2key.assign_rsa(m2rsakey)
225 # create an m2 x509 cert
226 m2name = M2Crypto.X509.X509_Name()
227 m2name.add_entry_by_txt(field="CN", type=0x1001,
228 entry="junk", len=-1, loc=-1, set=0)
229 m2x509 = M2Crypto.X509.X509()
230 m2x509.set_pubkey(self.m2key)
231 m2x509.set_serial_number(0)
232 m2x509.set_issuer_name(m2name)
233 m2x509.set_subject_name(m2name)
234 ASN1 = M2Crypto.ASN1.ASN1_UTCTIME()
236 m2x509.set_not_before(ASN1)
237 m2x509.set_not_after(ASN1)
238 # x509v3 so it can have extensions
239 # prob not necc since this cert itself is junk but still...
240 m2x509.set_version(2)
241 junk_key = Keypair(create=True)
242 m2x509.sign(pkey=junk_key.get_m2_pubkey(), md="sha1")
244 # convert the m2 x509 cert to a pyopenssl x509
245 m2pem = m2x509.as_pem()
246 pyx509 = OpenSSL.crypto.load_certificate(
247 OpenSSL.crypto.FILETYPE_PEM, m2pem)
249 # get the pyopenssl pkey from the pyopenssl x509
250 self.key = pyx509.get_pubkey()
251 self.filename = filename
254 # Load the public key from a string. No private key is loaded.
256 def load_pubkey_from_string(self, string):
257 (f, fn) = tempfile.mkstemp()
260 self.load_pubkey_from_file(fn)
264 # Return the private key in PEM format.
267 return OpenSSL.crypto.dump_privatekey(
268 OpenSSL.crypto.FILETYPE_PEM, self.key)
271 # Return an M2Crypto key object
273 def get_m2_pubkey(self):
276 self.m2key = M2Crypto.EVP.load_key_string(self.as_pem())
280 # Returns a string containing the public key represented by this object.
282 def get_pubkey_string(self):
283 m2pkey = self.get_m2_pubkey()
284 return base64.b64encode(m2pkey.as_der())
287 # Return an OpenSSL pkey object
289 def get_openssl_pkey(self):
293 # Given another Keypair object, return TRUE if the two keys are the same.
295 def is_same(self, pkey):
296 return self.as_pem() == pkey.as_pem()
298 def sign_string(self, data):
299 k = self.get_m2_pubkey()
302 return base64.b64encode(k.sign_final())
304 def verify_string(self, data, sig):
306 k = self.get_m2_pubkey()
308 k.verify_update(data)
309 return M2Crypto.m2.verify_final(k.ctx, base64.b64decode(sig), k.pkey)
311 def compute_hash(self, value):
312 return self.sign_string(str(value))
315 def get_filename(self):
316 return getattr(self, 'filename', None)
318 def dump(self, *args, **kwargs):
319 print(self.dump_string(*args, **kwargs))
321 def dump_string(self):
323 result += "KEYPAIR: pubkey={:>40}...".format(self.get_pubkey_string())
324 filename = self.get_filename()
326 result += "Filename {}\n".format(filename)
330 # The certificate class implements a general purpose X509 certificate, making
331 # use of the appropriate pyOpenSSL or M2Crypto abstractions. It also adds
332 # several addition features, such as the ability to maintain a chain of
333 # parent certificates, and storage of application-specific data.
335 # Certificates include the ability to maintain a chain of parents. Each
336 # certificate includes a pointer to it's parent certificate. When loaded
337 # from a file or a string, the parent chain will be automatically loaded.
338 # When saving a certificate to a file or a string, the caller can choose
339 # whether to save the parent certificates as well.
347 # issuerSubject = None
349 isCA = None # will be a boolean once set
351 separator = "-----parent-----"
354 # Create a certificate object.
356 # @param lifeDays life of cert in days - default is 1825==5 years
357 # @param create If create==True, then also create a blank X509 certificate.
358 # @param subject If subject!=None, then create a blank certificate and set
360 # @param string If string!=None, load the certficate from the string.
361 # @param filename If filename!=None, load the certficiate from the file.
362 # @param isCA If !=None, set whether this cert is for a CA
364 def __init__(self, lifeDays=1825, create=False, subject=None, string=None,
365 filename=None, isCA=None):
366 # these used to be defined in the class !
368 self.issuerKey = None
369 self.issuerSubject = None
373 if create or subject:
374 self.create(lifeDays)
376 self.set_subject(subject)
378 self.load_from_string(string)
380 self.load_from_file(filename)
382 # Set the CA bit if a value was supplied
386 # Create a blank X509 certificate and store it in this object.
388 def create(self, lifeDays=1825):
389 self.x509 = OpenSSL.crypto.X509()
390 # FIXME: Use different serial #s
391 self.x509.set_serial_number(3)
392 self.x509.gmtime_adj_notBefore(0) # 0 means now
393 self.x509.gmtime_adj_notAfter(
394 lifeDays * 60 * 60 * 24) # five years is default
395 self.x509.set_version(2) # x509v3 so it can have extensions
398 # Given a pyOpenSSL X509 object, store that object inside of this
399 # certificate object.
401 def load_from_pyopenssl_x509(self, x509):
405 # Load the certificate from a string
407 def load_from_string(self, string):
408 # if it is a chain of multiple certs, then split off the first one and
409 # load it (support for the ---parent--- tag as well as normal chained
412 if string is None or string.strip() == "":
413 logger.warning("Empty string in load_from_string")
416 string = string.strip()
418 # If it's not in proper PEM format, wrap it
419 if string.count('-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE') == 0:
420 string = '-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----'\
421 '\n{}\n-----END CERTIFICATE-----'\
424 # If there is a PEM cert in there, but there is some other text first
425 # such as the text of the certificate, skip the text
426 beg = string.find('-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE')
428 # skipping over non cert beginning
429 string = string[beg:]
433 if string.count('-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----') > 1 and \
434 string.count(Certificate.separator) == 0:
435 parts = string.split('-----END CERTIFICATE-----', 1)
436 parts[0] += '-----END CERTIFICATE-----'
438 parts = string.split(Certificate.separator, 1)
440 self.x509 = OpenSSL.crypto.load_certificate(
441 OpenSSL.crypto.FILETYPE_PEM, parts[0])
443 if self.x509 is None:
445 "Loaded from string but cert is None: {}".format(string))
447 # if there are more certs, then create a parent and let the parent load
448 # itself from the remainder of the string
449 if len(parts) > 1 and parts[1] != '':
450 self.parent = self.__class__()
451 self.parent.load_from_string(parts[1])
454 # Load the certificate from a file
456 def load_from_file(self, filename):
457 file = open(filename)
459 self.load_from_string(string)
460 self.filename = filename
463 # Save the certificate to a string.
465 # @param save_parents If save_parents==True,
466 # then also save the parent certificates.
468 def save_to_string(self, save_parents=True):
469 if self.x509 is None:
470 logger.warning("None cert in certificate.save_to_string")
472 string = OpenSSL.crypto.dump_certificate(
473 OpenSSL.crypto.FILETYPE_PEM, self.x509)
474 if PY3 and isinstance(string, bytes):
475 string = string.decode()
476 if save_parents and self.parent:
477 string = string + self.parent.save_to_string(save_parents)
481 # Save the certificate to a file.
482 # @param save_parents If save_parents==True,
483 # then also save the parent certificates.
485 def save_to_file(self, filename, save_parents=True, filep=None):
486 string = self.save_to_string(save_parents=save_parents)
490 f = open(filename, 'w')
491 if PY3 and isinstance(string, bytes):
492 string = string.decode()
495 self.filename = filename
498 # Save the certificate to a random file in /tmp/
499 # @param save_parents If save_parents==True,
500 # then also save the parent certificates.
501 def save_to_random_tmp_file(self, save_parents=True):
502 fp, filename = mkstemp(suffix='cert', text=True)
503 fp = os.fdopen(fp, "w")
504 self.save_to_file(filename, save_parents=True, filep=fp)
508 # Sets the issuer private key and name
509 # @param key Keypair object containing the private key of the issuer
510 # @param subject String containing the name of the issuer
511 # @param cert (optional)
512 # Certificate object containing the name of the issuer
514 def set_issuer(self, key, subject=None, cert=None):
517 # it's a mistake to use subject and cert params at the same time
519 if isinstance(subject, dict) or isinstance(subject, str):
520 req = OpenSSL.crypto.X509Req()
521 reqSubject = req.get_subject()
522 if isinstance(subject, dict):
523 for key in reqSubject.keys():
524 setattr(reqSubject, key, subject[key])
526 setattr(reqSubject, "CN", subject)
528 # subject is not valid once req is out of scope, so save req
531 # if a cert was supplied, then get the subject from the cert
532 subject = cert.x509.get_subject()
534 self.issuerSubject = subject
537 # Get the issuer name
539 def get_issuer(self, which="CN"):
540 x = self.x509.get_issuer()
541 return getattr(x, which)
544 # Set the subject name of the certificate
546 def set_subject(self, name):
547 req = OpenSSL.crypto.X509Req()
548 subj = req.get_subject()
549 if isinstance(name, dict):
550 for key in name.keys():
551 setattr(subj, key, name[key])
553 setattr(subj, "CN", name)
554 self.x509.set_subject(subj)
557 # Get the subject name of the certificate
559 def get_subject(self, which="CN"):
560 x = self.x509.get_subject()
561 return getattr(x, which)
564 # Get a pretty-print subject name of the certificate
565 # let's try to make this a little more usable as is makes logs hairy
566 # FIXME: Consider adding 'urn:publicid' and 'uuid' back for GENI?
567 pretty_fields = ['email']
569 def filter_chunk(self, chunk):
570 for field in self.pretty_fields:
574 def pretty_cert(self):
576 x = self.x509.get_subject()
577 ou = getattr(x, "OU")
579 message += " OU: {}".format(ou)
580 cn = getattr(x, "CN")
582 message += " CN: {}".format(cn)
583 data = self.get_data(field='subjectAltName')
585 message += " SubjectAltName:"
587 filtered = [self.filter_chunk(chunk) for chunk in data.split()]
588 message += " ".join([f for f in filtered if f])
589 omitted = len([f for f in filtered if not f])
591 message += "..+{} omitted".format(omitted)
595 def pretty_chain(self):
596 message = "{}".format(self.x509.get_subject())
599 message += "->{}".format(parent.x509.get_subject())
600 parent = parent.parent
603 def pretty_name(self):
604 return self.get_filename() or self.pretty_chain()
607 # Get the public key of the certificate.
609 # @param key Keypair object containing the public key
611 def set_pubkey(self, key):
612 assert(isinstance(key, Keypair))
613 self.x509.set_pubkey(key.get_openssl_pkey())
616 # Get the public key of the certificate.
617 # It is returned in the form of a Keypair object.
619 def get_pubkey(self):
621 m2x509 = M2Crypto.X509.load_cert_string(self.save_to_string())
623 pkey.key = self.x509.get_pubkey()
624 pkey.m2key = m2x509.get_pubkey()
627 def set_intermediate_ca(self, val):
628 return self.set_is_ca(val)
630 # Set whether this cert is for a CA.
631 # All signers and only signers should be CAs.
632 # The local member starts unset, letting us check that you only set it once
633 # @param val Boolean indicating whether this cert is for a CA
634 def set_is_ca(self, val):
638 if self.isCA is not None:
639 # Can't double set properties
641 "Cannot set basicConstraints CA:?? more than once. "
642 "Was {}, trying to set as {}".format(self.isCA, val))
646 self.add_extension('basicConstraints', 1, 'CA:TRUE')
648 self.add_extension('basicConstraints', 1, 'CA:FALSE')
651 # Add an X509 extension to the certificate. Add_extension can only
652 # be called once for a particular extension name, due to
653 # limitations in the underlying library.
655 # @param name string containing name of extension
656 # @param value string containing value of the extension
658 def add_extension(self, name, critical, value):
661 oldExtVal = self.get_extension(name)
663 # M2Crypto LookupError when the extension isn't there (yet)
666 # This code limits you from adding the extension with the same value
667 # The method comment says you shouldn't do this with the same name
668 # But actually it (m2crypto) appears to allow you to do this.
669 if oldExtVal and oldExtVal == value:
670 # don't add this extension again
671 # just do nothing as here
673 # FIXME: What if they are trying to set with a different value?
674 # Is this ever OK? Or should we raise an exception?
676 # raise "Cannot add extension {} which had val {} with new val {}"\
677 # .format(name, oldExtVal, value)
679 ext = OpenSSL.crypto.X509Extension(name, critical, value)
680 self.x509.add_extensions([ext])
683 # Get an X509 extension from the certificate
685 def get_extension(self, name):
691 certstr = self.save_to_string()
692 if certstr is None or certstr == "":
694 # pyOpenSSL does not have a way to get extensions
695 m2x509 = M2Crypto.X509.load_cert_string(certstr)
697 logger.warning("No cert loaded in get_extension")
699 if m2x509.get_ext(name) is None:
701 value = m2x509.get_ext(name).get_value()
706 # Set_data is a wrapper around add_extension. It stores the
707 # parameter str in the X509 subject_alt_name extension. Set_data
708 # can only be called once, due to limitations in the underlying
711 def set_data(self, string, field='subjectAltName'):
712 # pyOpenSSL only allows us to add extensions, so if we try to set the
713 # same extension more than once, it will not work
714 if field in self.data:
715 raise Exception("Cannot set {} more than once".format(field))
716 self.data[field] = string
717 # call str() because we've seen unicode there
718 # and the underlying C code doesn't like it
719 self.add_extension(field, 0, str(string))
722 # Return the data string that was previously set with set_data
724 def get_data(self, field='subjectAltName'):
725 if field in self.data:
726 return self.data[field]
729 uri = self.get_extension(field)
730 self.data[field] = uri
734 return self.data[field]
737 # Sign the certificate using the issuer private key and issuer subject
738 # previous set with set_issuer().
741 logger.debug('certificate.sign')
742 assert self.x509 is not None
743 assert self.issuerSubject is not None
744 assert self.issuerKey is not None
745 self.x509.set_issuer(self.issuerSubject)
746 self.x509.sign(self.issuerKey.get_openssl_pkey(), self.digest)
749 # Verify the authenticity of a certificate.
750 # @param pkey is a Keypair object representing a public key. If Pkey
751 # did not sign the certificate, then an exception will be thrown.
753 def verify(self, pubkey):
755 # pyOpenSSL does not have a way to verify signatures
756 m2x509 = M2Crypto.X509.load_cert_string(self.save_to_string())
757 m2pubkey = pubkey.get_m2_pubkey()
759 # https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.0/crypto/X509_verify.html
763 # -1 if it could not be checked 'for some reason'
764 m2result = m2x509.verify(m2pubkey)
765 result = m2result == 1
766 if debug_verify_chain:
767 logger.debug("Certificate.verify: <- {} (m2={}) ({} x {})"
768 .format(result, m2result,
769 self.pretty_cert(), m2pubkey))
772 # XXX alternatively, if openssl has been patched, do the much simpler:
774 # self.x509.verify(pkey.get_openssl_key())
780 # Return True if pkey is identical to the public key that is
781 # contained in the certificate.
782 # @param pkey Keypair object
784 def is_pubkey(self, pkey):
785 return self.get_pubkey().is_same(pkey)
788 # Given a certificate cert, verify that this certificate was signed by the
789 # public key contained in cert. Throw an exception otherwise.
791 # @param cert certificate object
793 def is_signed_by_cert(self, cert):
794 k = cert.get_pubkey()
795 logger.debug("Certificate.is_signed_by_cert -> verify on {}\n"
798 result = self.verify(k)
802 # Set the parent certficiate.
804 # @param p certificate object.
806 def set_parent(self, p):
810 # Return the certificate object of the parent of this certificate.
812 def get_parent(self):
816 # Verification examines a chain of certificates to ensure that each parent
817 # signs the child, and that some certificate in the chain is signed by a
818 # trusted certificate.
820 # Verification is a basic recursion: <pre>
821 # if this_certificate was signed by trusted_certs:
824 # return verify_chain(parent, trusted_certs)
827 # At each recursion, the parent is tested to ensure that it did sign the
828 # child. If a parent did not sign a child, then an exception is thrown. If
829 # the bottom of the recursion is reached and the certificate does not match
830 # a trusted root, then an exception is thrown.
831 # Also require that parents are CAs.
833 # @param Trusted_certs is a list of certificates that are trusted.
836 def verify_chain(self, trusted_certs=None):
837 # Verify a chain of certificates. Each certificate must be signed by
838 # the public key contained in it's parent. The chain is recursed
839 # until a certificate is found that is signed by a trusted root.
841 logger.debug("Certificate.verify_chain {}".format(self.pretty_name()))
842 # verify expiration time
843 if self.x509.has_expired():
844 if debug_verify_chain:
845 logger.debug("verify_chain: NO, Certificate {} has expired"
846 .format(self.pretty_cert()))
847 raise CertExpired(self.pretty_cert(), "client cert")
849 # if this cert is signed by a trusted_cert, then we are set
850 for i, trusted_cert in enumerate(trusted_certs, 1):
851 logger.debug("Certificate.verify_chain - trying trusted #{} : {}"
852 .format(i, trusted_cert.pretty_name()))
853 if self.is_signed_by_cert(trusted_cert):
854 # verify expiration of trusted_cert ?
855 if not trusted_cert.x509.has_expired():
856 if debug_verify_chain:
857 logger.debug("verify_chain: YES."
858 " Cert {} signed by trusted cert {}"
859 .format(self.pretty_name(),
860 trusted_cert.pretty_name()))
863 if debug_verify_chain:
864 logger.debug("verify_chain: NO. Cert {} "
865 "is signed by trusted_cert {}, "
866 "but that signer is expired..."
867 .format(self.pretty_cert(),
868 trusted_cert.pretty_cert()))
869 raise CertExpired("{} signer trusted_cert {}"
870 .format(self.pretty_name(),
871 trusted_cert.pretty_name()))
873 logger.debug("verify_chain: not a direct"
874 " descendant of trusted root #{}".format(i))
876 # if there is no parent, then no way to verify the chain
878 if debug_verify_chain:
879 logger.debug("verify_chain: NO. {} has no parent "
880 "and issuer {} is not in {} trusted roots"
881 .format(self.pretty_name(), self.get_issuer(),
883 raise CertMissingParent("{}: Issuer {} is not "
884 "one of the {} trusted roots, "
885 "and cert has no parent."
886 .format(self.pretty_name(),
890 # if it wasn't signed by the parent...
891 if not self.is_signed_by_cert(self.parent):
892 if debug_verify_chain:
893 logger.debug("verify_chain: NO. {} is not signed by parent {}"
894 .format(self.pretty_name(),
895 self.parent.pretty_name()))
896 self.save_to_file("/tmp/xxx-capture.pem", save_parents=True)
897 raise CertNotSignedByParent("{}: Parent {}, issuer {}"
898 .format(self.pretty_name(),
899 self.parent.pretty_name(),
902 # Confirm that the parent is a CA. Only CAs can be trusted as
904 # Note that trusted roots are not parents, so don't need to be
906 # Ugly - cert objects aren't parsed so we need to read the
907 # extension and hope there are no other basicConstraints
908 if not self.parent.isCA and not (
909 self.parent.get_extension('basicConstraints') == 'CA:TRUE'):
910 logger.warning("verify_chain: cert {}'s parent {} is not a CA"
911 .format(self.pretty_name(), self.parent.pretty_name()))
912 raise CertNotSignedByParent("{}: Parent {} not a CA"
913 .format(self.pretty_name(),
914 self.parent.pretty_name()))
916 # if the parent isn't verified...
917 if debug_verify_chain:
918 logger.debug("verify_chain: .. {}, -> verifying parent {}"
919 .format(self.pretty_name(),
920 self.parent.pretty_name()))
921 self.parent.verify_chain(trusted_certs)
926 def get_extensions(self):
928 # pyOpenSSL does not have a way to get extensions
930 m2x509 = M2Crypto.X509.load_cert_string(self.save_to_string())
931 nb_extensions = m2x509.get_ext_count()
932 logger.debug("X509 had {} extensions".format(nb_extensions))
933 for i in range(nb_extensions):
934 ext = m2x509.get_ext_at(i)
936 (ext.get_name(), ext.get_value(), ext.get_critical(),))
939 def get_data_names(self):
940 return self.data.keys()
942 def get_all_datas(self):
943 triples = self.get_extensions()
944 for name in self.get_data_names():
945 triples.append((name, self.get_data(name), 'data',))
949 def get_filename(self):
950 return getattr(self, 'filename', None)
952 def dump(self, *args, **kwargs):
953 print(self.dump_string(*args, **kwargs))
955 def dump_string(self, show_extensions=False):
957 result += "CERTIFICATE for {}\n".format(self.pretty_cert())
958 result += "Issued by {}\n".format(self.get_issuer())
959 filename = self.get_filename()
961 result += "Filename {}\n".format(filename)
963 all_datas = self.get_all_datas()
964 result += " has {} extensions/data attached".format(len(all_datas))
965 for n, v, c in all_datas:
967 result += " data: {}={}\n".format(n, v)
969 result += " ext: {} (crit={})=<<<{}>>>\n".format(n, c, v)