1 #----------------------------------------------------------------------
2 # Copyright (c) 2008 Board of Trustees, Princeton University
4 # Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
5 # a copy of this software and/or hardware specification (the "Work") to
6 # deal in the Work without restriction, including without limitation the
7 # rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
8 # and/or sell copies of the Work, and to permit persons to whom the Work
9 # is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
11 # The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
12 # included in all copies or substantial portions of the Work.
14 # THE WORK IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
15 # OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
16 # MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
17 # NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
18 # HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
19 # WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
20 # OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE WORK OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
22 #----------------------------------------------------------------------
25 # SFA uses two crypto libraries: pyOpenSSL and M2Crypto to implement
26 # the necessary crypto functionality. Ideally just one of these libraries
27 # would be used, but unfortunately each of these libraries is independently
28 # lacking. The pyOpenSSL library is missing many necessary functions, and
29 # the M2Crypto library has crashed inside of some of the functions. The
30 # design decision is to use pyOpenSSL whenever possible as it seems more
31 # stable, and only use M2Crypto for those functions that are not possible
34 # This module exports two classes: Keypair and Certificate.
38 from __future__ import print_function
44 from tempfile import mkstemp
46 from OpenSSL import crypto
48 from M2Crypto import X509
50 from sfa.util.faults import CertExpired, CertMissingParent, CertNotSignedByParent
51 from sfa.util.sfalogging import logger
53 # this tends to generate quite some logs for little or no value
54 debug_verify_chain = False
56 glo_passphrase_callback = None
59 # A global callback may be implemented for requesting passphrases from the
60 # user. The function will be called with three arguments:
62 # keypair_obj: the keypair object that is calling the passphrase
63 # string: the string containing the private key that's being loaded
64 # x: unknown, appears to be 0, comes from pyOpenSSL and/or m2crypto
66 # The callback should return a string containing the passphrase.
68 def set_passphrase_callback(callback_func):
69 global glo_passphrase_callback
71 glo_passphrase_callback = callback_func
74 # Sets a fixed passphrase.
76 def set_passphrase(passphrase):
77 set_passphrase_callback( lambda k,s,x: passphrase )
80 # Check to see if a passphrase works for a particular private key string.
81 # Intended to be used by passphrase callbacks for input validation.
83 def test_passphrase(string, passphrase):
85 crypto.load_privatekey(crypto.FILETYPE_PEM, string, (lambda x: passphrase))
90 def convert_public_key(key):
91 keyconvert_path = "/usr/bin/keyconvert.py"
92 if not os.path.isfile(keyconvert_path):
93 raise IOError("Could not find keyconvert in %s" % keyconvert_path)
95 # we can only convert rsa keys
97 raise Exception("keyconvert: dss keys are not supported")
99 (ssh_f, ssh_fn) = tempfile.mkstemp()
100 ssl_fn = tempfile.mktemp()
104 cmd = keyconvert_path + " " + ssh_fn + " " + ssl_fn
107 # this check leaves the temporary file containing the public key so
108 # that it can be expected to see why it failed.
109 # TODO: for production, cleanup the temporary files
110 if not os.path.exists(ssl_fn):
111 raise Exception("keyconvert: generated certificate not found. keyconvert may have failed.")
115 k.load_pubkey_from_file(ssl_fn)
118 logger.log_exc("convert_public_key caught exception")
121 # remove the temporary files
122 if os.path.exists(ssh_fn):
124 if os.path.exists(ssl_fn):
128 # Public-private key pairs are implemented by the Keypair class.
129 # A Keypair object may represent both a public and private key pair, or it
130 # may represent only a public key (this usage is consistent with OpenSSL).
133 key = None # public/private keypair
134 m2key = None # public key (m2crypto format)
137 # Creates a Keypair object
138 # @param create If create==True, creates a new public/private key and
139 # stores it in the object
140 # @param string If string!=None, load the keypair from the string (PEM)
141 # @param filename If filename!=None, load the keypair from the file
143 def __init__(self, create=False, string=None, filename=None):
147 self.load_from_string(string)
149 self.load_from_file(filename)
152 # Create a RSA public/private key pair and store it inside the keypair object
155 self.key = crypto.PKey()
156 self.key.generate_key(crypto.TYPE_RSA, 2048)
159 # Save the private key to a file
160 # @param filename name of file to store the keypair in
162 def save_to_file(self, filename):
163 open(filename, 'w').write(self.as_pem())
164 self.filename=filename
167 # Load the private key from a file. Implicity the private key includes the public key.
169 def load_from_file(self, filename):
170 self.filename=filename
171 buffer = open(filename, 'r').read()
172 self.load_from_string(buffer)
175 # Load the private key from a string. Implicitly the private key includes the public key.
177 def load_from_string(self, string):
178 if glo_passphrase_callback:
179 self.key = crypto.load_privatekey(
180 crypto.FILETYPE_PEM, string, functools.partial(glo_passphrase_callback, self, string))
181 self.m2key = M2Crypto.EVP.load_key_string(
182 string, functools.partial(glo_passphrase_callback, self, string))
184 self.key = crypto.load_privatekey(crypto.FILETYPE_PEM, string)
185 self.m2key = M2Crypto.EVP.load_key_string(string)
188 # Load the public key from a string. No private key is loaded.
190 def load_pubkey_from_file(self, filename):
191 # load the m2 public key
192 m2rsakey = M2Crypto.RSA.load_pub_key(filename)
193 self.m2key = M2Crypto.EVP.PKey()
194 self.m2key.assign_rsa(m2rsakey)
196 # create an m2 x509 cert
197 m2name = M2Crypto.X509.X509_Name()
198 m2name.add_entry_by_txt(field="CN", type=0x1001, entry="junk", len=-1, loc=-1, set=0)
199 m2x509 = M2Crypto.X509.X509()
200 m2x509.set_pubkey(self.m2key)
201 m2x509.set_serial_number(0)
202 m2x509.set_issuer_name(m2name)
203 m2x509.set_subject_name(m2name)
204 ASN1 = M2Crypto.ASN1.ASN1_UTCTIME()
206 m2x509.set_not_before(ASN1)
207 m2x509.set_not_after(ASN1)
208 # x509v3 so it can have extensions
209 # prob not necc since this cert itself is junk but still...
210 m2x509.set_version(2)
211 junk_key = Keypair(create=True)
212 m2x509.sign(pkey=junk_key.get_m2_pubkey(), md="sha1")
214 # convert the m2 x509 cert to a pyopenssl x509
215 m2pem = m2x509.as_pem()
216 pyx509 = crypto.load_certificate(crypto.FILETYPE_PEM, m2pem)
218 # get the pyopenssl pkey from the pyopenssl x509
219 self.key = pyx509.get_pubkey()
220 self.filename=filename
223 # Load the public key from a string. No private key is loaded.
225 def load_pubkey_from_string(self, string):
226 (f, fn) = tempfile.mkstemp()
229 self.load_pubkey_from_file(fn)
233 # Return the private key in PEM format.
236 return crypto.dump_privatekey(crypto.FILETYPE_PEM, self.key)
239 # Return an M2Crypto key object
241 def get_m2_pubkey(self):
243 self.m2key = M2Crypto.EVP.load_key_string(self.as_pem())
247 # Returns a string containing the public key represented by this object.
249 def get_pubkey_string(self):
250 m2pkey = self.get_m2_pubkey()
251 return base64.b64encode(m2pkey.as_der())
254 # Return an OpenSSL pkey object
256 def get_openssl_pkey(self):
260 # Given another Keypair object, return TRUE if the two keys are the same.
262 def is_same(self, pkey):
263 return self.as_pem() == pkey.as_pem()
265 def sign_string(self, data):
266 k = self.get_m2_pubkey()
269 return base64.b64encode(k.sign_final())
271 def verify_string(self, data, sig):
272 k = self.get_m2_pubkey()
274 k.verify_update(data)
275 return M2Crypto.m2.verify_final(k.ctx, base64.b64decode(sig), k.pkey)
277 def compute_hash(self, value):
278 return self.sign_string(str(value))
281 def get_filename(self):
282 return getattr(self,'filename',None)
284 def dump (self, *args, **kwargs):
285 print(self.dump_string(*args, **kwargs))
287 def dump_string (self):
289 result += "KEYPAIR: pubkey=%40s..."%self.get_pubkey_string()
290 filename=self.get_filename()
291 if filename: result += "Filename %s\n"%filename
295 # The certificate class implements a general purpose X509 certificate, making
296 # use of the appropriate pyOpenSSL or M2Crypto abstractions. It also adds
297 # several addition features, such as the ability to maintain a chain of
298 # parent certificates, and storage of application-specific data.
300 # Certificates include the ability to maintain a chain of parents. Each
301 # certificate includes a pointer to it's parent certificate. When loaded
302 # from a file or a string, the parent chain will be automatically loaded.
303 # When saving a certificate to a file or a string, the caller can choose
304 # whether to save the parent certificates as well.
311 # issuerSubject = None
313 isCA = None # will be a boolean once set
315 separator="-----parent-----"
318 # Create a certificate object.
320 # @param lifeDays life of cert in days - default is 1825==5 years
321 # @param create If create==True, then also create a blank X509 certificate.
322 # @param subject If subject!=None, then create a blank certificate and set
324 # @param string If string!=None, load the certficate from the string.
325 # @param filename If filename!=None, load the certficiate from the file.
326 # @param isCA If !=None, set whether this cert is for a CA
328 def __init__(self, lifeDays=1825, create=False, subject=None, string=None, filename=None, isCA=None):
329 # these used to be defined in the class !
331 self.issuerKey = None
332 self.issuerSubject = None
336 if create or subject:
337 self.create(lifeDays)
339 self.set_subject(subject)
341 self.load_from_string(string)
343 self.load_from_file(filename)
345 # Set the CA bit if a value was supplied
349 # Create a blank X509 certificate and store it in this object.
351 def create(self, lifeDays=1825):
352 self.x509 = crypto.X509()
353 # FIXME: Use different serial #s
354 self.x509.set_serial_number(3)
355 self.x509.gmtime_adj_notBefore(0) # 0 means now
356 self.x509.gmtime_adj_notAfter(lifeDays*60*60*24) # five years is default
357 self.x509.set_version(2) # x509v3 so it can have extensions
361 # Given a pyOpenSSL X509 object, store that object inside of this
362 # certificate object.
364 def load_from_pyopenssl_x509(self, x509):
368 # Load the certificate from a string
370 def load_from_string(self, string):
371 # if it is a chain of multiple certs, then split off the first one and
372 # load it (support for the ---parent--- tag as well as normal chained certs)
374 if string is None or string.strip() == "":
375 logger.warn("Empty string in load_from_string")
378 string = string.strip()
380 # If it's not in proper PEM format, wrap it
381 if string.count('-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE') == 0:
382 string = '-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n%s\n-----END CERTIFICATE-----' % string
384 # If there is a PEM cert in there, but there is some other text first
385 # such as the text of the certificate, skip the text
386 beg = string.find('-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE')
388 # skipping over non cert beginning
389 string = string[beg:]
393 if string.count('-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----') > 1 and \
394 string.count(Certificate.separator) == 0:
395 parts = string.split('-----END CERTIFICATE-----',1)
396 parts[0] += '-----END CERTIFICATE-----'
398 parts = string.split(Certificate.separator, 1)
400 self.x509 = crypto.load_certificate(crypto.FILETYPE_PEM, parts[0])
402 if self.x509 is None:
403 logger.warn("Loaded from string but cert is None: %s" % string)
405 # if there are more certs, then create a parent and let the parent load
406 # itself from the remainder of the string
407 if len(parts) > 1 and parts[1] != '':
408 self.parent = self.__class__()
409 self.parent.load_from_string(parts[1])
412 # Load the certificate from a file
414 def load_from_file(self, filename):
415 file = open(filename)
417 self.load_from_string(string)
418 self.filename=filename
421 # Save the certificate to a string.
423 # @param save_parents If save_parents==True, then also save the parent certificates.
425 def save_to_string(self, save_parents=True):
426 if self.x509 is None:
427 logger.warn("None cert in certificate.save_to_string")
429 string = crypto.dump_certificate(crypto.FILETYPE_PEM, self.x509)
430 if save_parents and self.parent:
431 string = string + self.parent.save_to_string(save_parents)
435 # Save the certificate to a file.
436 # @param save_parents If save_parents==True, then also save the parent certificates.
438 def save_to_file(self, filename, save_parents=True, filep=None):
439 string = self.save_to_string(save_parents=save_parents)
443 f = open(filename, 'w')
446 self.filename=filename
449 # Save the certificate to a random file in /tmp/
450 # @param save_parents If save_parents==True, then also save the parent certificates.
451 def save_to_random_tmp_file(self, save_parents=True):
452 fp, filename = mkstemp(suffix='cert', text=True)
453 fp = os.fdopen(fp, "w")
454 self.save_to_file(filename, save_parents=True, filep=fp)
458 # Sets the issuer private key and name
459 # @param key Keypair object containing the private key of the issuer
460 # @param subject String containing the name of the issuer
461 # @param cert (optional) Certificate object containing the name of the issuer
463 def set_issuer(self, key, subject=None, cert=None):
466 # it's a mistake to use subject and cert params at the same time
468 if isinstance(subject, dict) or isinstance(subject, str):
469 req = crypto.X509Req()
470 reqSubject = req.get_subject()
471 if (isinstance(subject, dict)):
472 for key in reqSubject.keys():
473 setattr(reqSubject, key, subject[key])
475 setattr(reqSubject, "CN", subject)
477 # subject is not valid once req is out of scope, so save req
480 # if a cert was supplied, then get the subject from the cert
481 subject = cert.x509.get_subject()
483 self.issuerSubject = subject
486 # Get the issuer name
488 def get_issuer(self, which="CN"):
489 x = self.x509.get_issuer()
490 return getattr(x, which)
493 # Set the subject name of the certificate
495 def set_subject(self, name):
496 req = crypto.X509Req()
497 subj = req.get_subject()
498 if (isinstance(name, dict)):
499 for key in name.keys():
500 setattr(subj, key, name[key])
502 setattr(subj, "CN", name)
503 self.x509.set_subject(subj)
506 # Get the subject name of the certificate
508 def get_subject(self, which="CN"):
509 x = self.x509.get_subject()
510 return getattr(x, which)
513 # Get a pretty-print subject name of the certificate
514 # let's try to make this a little more usable as is makes logs hairy
515 # FIXME: Consider adding 'urn:publicid' and 'uuid' back for GENI?
516 pretty_fields = ['email']
517 def filter_chunk(self, chunk):
518 for field in self.pretty_fields:
522 def pretty_cert(self):
524 x = self.x509.get_subject()
525 ou = getattr(x, "OU")
526 if ou: message += " OU: {}".format(ou)
527 cn = getattr(x, "CN")
528 if cn: message += " CN: {}".format(cn)
529 data = self.get_data(field='subjectAltName')
531 message += " SubjectAltName:"
533 filtered = [self.filter_chunk(chunk) for chunk in data.split()]
534 message += " ".join( [f for f in filtered if f])
535 omitted = len ([f for f in filtered if not f])
537 message += "..+{} omitted".format(omitted)
542 # Get the public key of the certificate.
544 # @param key Keypair object containing the public key
546 def set_pubkey(self, key):
547 assert(isinstance(key, Keypair))
548 self.x509.set_pubkey(key.get_openssl_pkey())
551 # Get the public key of the certificate.
552 # It is returned in the form of a Keypair object.
554 def get_pubkey(self):
555 m2x509 = X509.load_cert_string(self.save_to_string())
557 pkey.key = self.x509.get_pubkey()
558 pkey.m2key = m2x509.get_pubkey()
561 def set_intermediate_ca(self, val):
562 return self.set_is_ca(val)
564 # Set whether this cert is for a CA. All signers and only signers should be CAs.
565 # The local member starts unset, letting us check that you only set it once
566 # @param val Boolean indicating whether this cert is for a CA
567 def set_is_ca(self, val):
571 if self.isCA != None:
572 # Can't double set properties
573 raise Exception("Cannot set basicConstraints CA:?? more than once. Was %s, trying to set as %s" % (self.isCA, val))
577 self.add_extension('basicConstraints', 1, 'CA:TRUE')
579 self.add_extension('basicConstraints', 1, 'CA:FALSE')
584 # Add an X509 extension to the certificate. Add_extension can only be called
585 # once for a particular extension name, due to limitations in the underlying
588 # @param name string containing name of extension
589 # @param value string containing value of the extension
591 def add_extension(self, name, critical, value):
594 oldExtVal = self.get_extension(name)
596 # M2Crypto LookupError when the extension isn't there (yet)
599 # This code limits you from adding the extension with the same value
600 # The method comment says you shouldn't do this with the same name
601 # But actually it (m2crypto) appears to allow you to do this.
602 if oldExtVal and oldExtVal == value:
603 # don't add this extension again
604 # just do nothing as here
606 # FIXME: What if they are trying to set with a different value?
607 # Is this ever OK? Or should we raise an exception?
609 # raise "Cannot add extension %s which had val %s with new val %s" % (name, oldExtVal, value)
611 ext = crypto.X509Extension (name, critical, value)
612 self.x509.add_extensions([ext])
615 # Get an X509 extension from the certificate
617 def get_extension(self, name):
622 certstr = self.save_to_string()
623 if certstr is None or certstr == "":
625 # pyOpenSSL does not have a way to get extensions
626 m2x509 = X509.load_cert_string(certstr)
628 logger.warn("No cert loaded in get_extension")
630 if m2x509.get_ext(name) is None:
632 value = m2x509.get_ext(name).get_value()
637 # Set_data is a wrapper around add_extension. It stores the parameter str in
638 # the X509 subject_alt_name extension. Set_data can only be called once, due
639 # to limitations in the underlying library.
641 def set_data(self, str, field='subjectAltName'):
642 # pyOpenSSL only allows us to add extensions, so if we try to set the
643 # same extension more than once, it will not work
644 if self.data.has_key(field):
645 raise Exception("Cannot set {} more than once".format(field))
646 self.data[field] = str
647 self.add_extension(field, 0, str)
650 # Return the data string that was previously set with set_data
652 def get_data(self, field='subjectAltName'):
653 if self.data.has_key(field):
654 return self.data[field]
657 uri = self.get_extension(field)
658 self.data[field] = uri
662 return self.data[field]
665 # Sign the certificate using the issuer private key and issuer subject previous set with set_issuer().
668 logger.debug('certificate.sign')
669 assert self.x509 != None
670 assert self.issuerSubject != None
671 assert self.issuerKey != None
672 self.x509.set_issuer(self.issuerSubject)
673 self.x509.sign(self.issuerKey.get_openssl_pkey(), self.digest)
676 # Verify the authenticity of a certificate.
677 # @param pkey is a Keypair object representing a public key. If Pkey
678 # did not sign the certificate, then an exception will be thrown.
680 def verify(self, pubkey):
681 # pyOpenSSL does not have a way to verify signatures
682 m2x509 = X509.load_cert_string(self.save_to_string())
683 m2pubkey = pubkey.get_m2_pubkey()
685 # verify returns -1 or 0 on failure depending on how serious the
686 # error conditions are
687 return m2x509.verify(m2pubkey) == 1
689 # XXX alternatively, if openssl has been patched, do the much simpler:
691 # self.x509.verify(pkey.get_openssl_key())
697 # Return True if pkey is identical to the public key that is contained in the certificate.
698 # @param pkey Keypair object
700 def is_pubkey(self, pkey):
701 return self.get_pubkey().is_same(pkey)
704 # Given a certificate cert, verify that this certificate was signed by the
705 # public key contained in cert. Throw an exception otherwise.
707 # @param cert certificate object
709 def is_signed_by_cert(self, cert):
710 k = cert.get_pubkey()
711 result = self.verify(k)
715 # Set the parent certficiate.
717 # @param p certificate object.
719 def set_parent(self, p):
723 # Return the certificate object of the parent of this certificate.
725 def get_parent(self):
729 # Verification examines a chain of certificates to ensure that each parent
730 # signs the child, and that some certificate in the chain is signed by a
731 # trusted certificate.
733 # Verification is a basic recursion: <pre>
734 # if this_certificate was signed by trusted_certs:
737 # return verify_chain(parent, trusted_certs)
740 # At each recursion, the parent is tested to ensure that it did sign the
741 # child. If a parent did not sign a child, then an exception is thrown. If
742 # the bottom of the recursion is reached and the certificate does not match
743 # a trusted root, then an exception is thrown.
744 # Also require that parents are CAs.
746 # @param Trusted_certs is a list of certificates that are trusted.
749 def verify_chain(self, trusted_certs = None):
750 # Verify a chain of certificates. Each certificate must be signed by
751 # the public key contained in it's parent. The chain is recursed
752 # until a certificate is found that is signed by a trusted root.
754 # verify expiration time
755 if self.x509.has_expired():
756 if debug_verify_chain:
757 logger.debug("verify_chain: NO, Certificate %s has expired" % self.pretty_cert())
758 raise CertExpired(self.pretty_cert(), "client cert")
760 # if this cert is signed by a trusted_cert, then we are set
761 for trusted_cert in trusted_certs:
762 if self.is_signed_by_cert(trusted_cert):
763 # verify expiration of trusted_cert ?
764 if not trusted_cert.x509.has_expired():
765 if debug_verify_chain:
766 logger.debug("verify_chain: YES. Cert %s signed by trusted cert %s"%(
767 self.pretty_cert(), trusted_cert.pretty_cert()))
770 if debug_verify_chain:
771 logger.debug("verify_chain: NO. Cert %s is signed by trusted_cert %s, but that signer is expired..."%(
772 self.pretty_cert(),trusted_cert.pretty_cert()))
773 raise CertExpired(self.pretty_cert()," signer trusted_cert %s"%trusted_cert.pretty_cert())
775 # if there is no parent, then no way to verify the chain
777 if debug_verify_chain:
778 logger.debug("verify_chain: NO. %s has no parent and issuer %s is not in %d trusted roots"%\
779 (self.pretty_cert(), self.get_issuer(), len(trusted_certs)))
780 raise CertMissingParent(self.pretty_cert() + \
781 ": Issuer %s is not one of the %d trusted roots, and cert has no parent." %\
782 (self.get_issuer(), len(trusted_certs)))
784 # if it wasn't signed by the parent...
785 if not self.is_signed_by_cert(self.parent):
786 if debug_verify_chain:
787 logger.debug("verify_chain: NO. %s is not signed by parent %s, but by %s"%\
789 self.parent.pretty_cert(),
791 raise CertNotSignedByParent("%s: Parent %s, issuer %s"\
792 % (self.pretty_cert(),
793 self.parent.pretty_cert(),
796 # Confirm that the parent is a CA. Only CAs can be trusted as
798 # Note that trusted roots are not parents, so don't need to be
800 # Ugly - cert objects aren't parsed so we need to read the
801 # extension and hope there are no other basicConstraints
802 if not self.parent.isCA and not (self.parent.get_extension('basicConstraints') == 'CA:TRUE'):
803 logger.warn("verify_chain: cert %s's parent %s is not a CA" % \
804 (self.pretty_cert(), self.parent.pretty_cert()))
805 raise CertNotSignedByParent("%s: Parent %s not a CA" % (self.pretty_cert(),
806 self.parent.pretty_cert()))
808 # if the parent isn't verified...
809 if debug_verify_chain:
810 logger.debug("verify_chain: .. %s, -> verifying parent %s"%\
811 (self.pretty_cert(),self.parent.pretty_cert()))
812 self.parent.verify_chain(trusted_certs)
816 ### more introspection
817 def get_extensions(self):
818 # pyOpenSSL does not have a way to get extensions
820 m2x509 = X509.load_cert_string(self.save_to_string())
821 nb_extensions = m2x509.get_ext_count()
822 logger.debug("X509 had %d extensions"%nb_extensions)
823 for i in range(nb_extensions):
824 ext=m2x509.get_ext_at(i)
825 triples.append( (ext.get_name(), ext.get_value(), ext.get_critical(),) )
828 def get_data_names(self):
829 return self.data.keys()
831 def get_all_datas (self):
832 triples = self.get_extensions()
833 for name in self.get_data_names():
834 triples.append( (name,self.get_data(name),'data',) )
838 def get_filename(self):
839 return getattr(self,'filename',None)
841 def dump (self, *args, **kwargs):
842 print(self.dump_string(*args, **kwargs))
844 def dump_string (self,show_extensions=False):
846 result += "CERTIFICATE for %s\n"%self.pretty_cert()
847 result += "Issued by %s\n"%self.get_issuer()
848 filename=self.get_filename()
849 if filename: result += "Filename %s\n"%filename
851 all_datas = self.get_all_datas()
852 result += " has %d extensions/data attached"%len(all_datas)
853 for (n, v, c) in all_datas:
855 result += " data: %s=%s\n"%(n,v)
857 result += " ext: %s (crit=%s)=<<<%s>>>\n"%(n,c,v)