13 .TH ovs\-ctl 8 "June 2011" "Open vSwitch" "Open vSwitch Manual"
17 ovs\-ctl \- OVS startup helper script
20 \fBovs\-ctl\fR \fB\-\-system\-id=random\fR|\fIuuid\fR
21 [\fIoptions\fR] \fBstart
34 \fB\-\-system\-id=random\fR|\fIuuid\fR
36 \fBforce\-reload\-kmod\fR
39 \fR[\fB\-\-protocol=\fIprotocol\fR]
40 [\fB\-\-sport=\fIsport\fR]
41 [\fB\-\-dport=\fIdport\fR]
42 \fBenable\-protocol\fR
44 \fBovs\-ctl help \fR| \fB\-h \fR| \fB\-\-help
46 \fBovs\-ctl \-\-version
51 The \fBovs\-ctl\fR program starts, stops, and checks the status of
52 Open vSwitch daemons. It is not meant to be invoked directly by
53 system administrators but to be called internally by system startup
57 Each of \fBovs\-ctl\fR's commands is described separately below.
59 .SH "The ``start'' command"
62 The \fBstart\fR command starts Open vSwitch. It performs the
66 Loads the Open vSwitch kernel module. If this fails, and the Linux
67 bridge module is loaded but no bridges exist, it tries to unload the
68 bridge module and tries loading the Open vSwitch kernel module again.
69 (This is because the Open vSwitch kernel module cannot coexist with
70 the Linux bridge module before 2.6.37.)
73 The \fBstart\fR command skips the following steps if
74 \fBovsdb\-server\fR is already running:
76 If the Open vSwitch database file does not exist, it creates it.
77 If the database does exist, but it has an obsolete version, it
78 upgrades it to the latest schema.
81 Starts \fBovsdb-server\fR.
84 Initializes a few values inside the database.
87 If the \fB\-\-delete\-bridges\fR option was used, deletes all of the
88 bridges from the database.
91 The \fBstart\fR command skips the following step if
92 \fBovs\-vswitchd\fR is already running:
94 Starts \fBovs\-vswitchd\fR.
98 Several command-line options influence the \fBstart\fR command's
99 behavior. Some form of the following option should ordinarily be
102 .IP "\fB\-\-system\-id=\fIuuid\fR"
103 .IQ "\fB\-\-system\-id=random\fR"
104 This specifies a unique system identifier to store into
105 \fBexternal-ids:system-id\fR in the database's \fBOpen_vSwitch\fR
106 table. Remote managers that talk to the Open vSwitch database server
107 over network protocols use this value to identify and distinguish Open
108 vSwitch instances, so it should be unique (at least) within OVS
109 instances that will connect to a single controller.
111 When \fBrandom\fR is specified, \fBovs\-ctl\fR will generate a random
112 ID that persists from one run to another (stored in a file). When
113 another string is specified \fBovs\-ctl\fR uses it literally.
116 The following options should be specified if the defaults are not
119 .IP "\fB\-\-system\-type=\fItype\fR"
120 .IQ "\fB\-\-system\-version=\fIversion\fR"
121 Sets the value to store in the \fBsystem-type\fR and
122 \fBsystem-version\fR columns, respectively, in the database's
123 \fBOpen_vSwitch\fR table. Remote managers may use these values to
124 determine the kind of system to which they are connected (primarily
125 for display to human administrators).
127 When not specified, \fBovs\-ctl\fR uses values from the optional
128 \fBsystem\-type.conf\fR and \fBsystem\-version.conf\fR files(see section
129 \fBFILES\fR) or it uses the \fBlsb_release\fR program, if present, to
130 provide reasonable defaults.
133 The following options are also likely to be useful:
135 .IP "\fB\-\-external\-id=\(dq\fIname\fB=\fIvalue\fB\(dq"
136 Sets \fBexternal-ids:\fIname\fR to \fIvalue\fR in the database's
137 \fBOpen_vSwitch\fR table. Specifying this option multiple times adds
138 multiple key-value pairs.
140 .IP "\fB\-\-delete\-bridges\fR"
141 Ordinarily Open vSwitch bridges persist from one system boot to the
142 next, as long as the database is preserved. Some environments instead
143 expect to re-create all of the bridges and other configuration state
144 on every boot. This option supports that, by deleting all Open
145 vSwitch bridges after starting \fBovsdb\-server\fR but before starting
149 The following options are less important:
151 .IP "\fB\-\-daemon-cwd=\fIdirectory\fR"
152 Specifies the current working directory that the OVS daemons should
153 run from. The default is \fB/\fR (the root directory) if this option
154 is not specified. (This option is useful because most systems create
155 core files in a process's current working directory and because a file
156 system that is in use as a process's current working directory cannot
159 .IP "\fB\-\-no\-force\-corefiles\fR"
160 By default, \fBovs\-ctl\fR enables core dumps for the OVS daemons.
161 This option disables that behavior.
163 .IP "\fB\-\-no\-mlockall\fR"
164 By default \fBovs\-ctl\fR passes \fB\-\-mlockall\fR to
165 \fBovs\-vswitchd\fR, requesting that it lock all of its virtual
166 memory, preventing it from being paged to disk. This option
167 suppresses that behavior.
169 .IP "\fB\-\-ovsdb\-server\-priority=\fIniceness\fR"
170 .IQ "\fB\-\-ovs\-vswitchd\-priority=\fIniceness\fR"
171 Sets the \fBnice\fR(1) level used for each daemon. All of them
172 default to \fB\-10\fR.
174 .IP "\fB\-\-ovsdb\-server\-wrapper=\fIwrapper\fR"
175 .IQ "\fB\-\-ovs\-vswitchd\-wrapper=\fIwrapper\fR"
177 Configures the specified daemon to run under \fIwrapper\fR, which is
178 one of the following:
182 Run the daemon under \fBvalgrind\fR(1), if it is installed, logging to
183 \fIdaemon\fB.valgrind.log.\fIpid\fR in the log directory.
186 Run the daemon under \fBstrace\fR(1), if it is installed, logging to
187 \fIdaemon\fB.strace.log.\fIpid\fR in the log directory.
190 Enable GNU C library features designed to find memory errors.
194 By default, no wrapper is used.
197 Each of the wrappers can expose bugs in Open vSwitch that lead to
198 incorrect operation, including crashes. The \fBvalgrind\fR and
199 \fBstrace\fR wrappers greatly slow daemon operations so they should
200 not be used in production. They also produce voluminous logs that can
201 quickly fill small disk partitions. The \fBglibc\fR wrapper is less
202 resource-intensive but still somewhat slows the daemons.
205 The following options control file locations. They should only be
206 used if the default locations cannot be used. See \fBFILES\fR, below,
207 for more information.
209 .IP "\fB\-\-db\-file=\fIfile\fR"
210 Overrides the file name for the OVS database.
212 .IP "\fB\-\-db\-sock=\fIsocket\fR"
213 Overrides the file name for the Unix domain socket used to connect to
216 .IP "\fB\-\-db\-schema=\fIschema\fR"
217 Overrides the file name for the OVS database schema.
219 .IP "\fB\-\-extra-dbs=\fIfile\fR"
220 Adds \fIfile\fR as an extra database for \fBovsdb\-server\fR to serve
221 out. Multiple space-separated file names may also be specified.
222 \fIfile\fR should begin with \fB/\fR; if it does not, then it will be
223 taken as relative to \fIdbdir\fR.
225 .SH "The ``stop'' command"
228 The \fBstop\fR command does not unload the Open vSwitch kernel
232 This command does nothing and finishes successfully if the OVS daemons
235 .SH "The ``restart'' command"
238 The \fBrestart\fR command performs a \fBstop\fR followed by a \fBstart\fR
239 command. The command can take the same options as that of the \fBstart\fR
240 command. In addition, it saves and restores Openflow flows for each
243 .SH "The ``status'' command"
246 The \fBstatus\fR command checks whether the OVS daemons
247 \fBovs-vswitchd\fR and \fBovsdb\-server\fR are running and prints
248 messages with that information. It exits with status 0 if
249 the daemons are running, 1 otherwise.
251 .SH "The ``version'' command"
254 The \fBversion\fR command runs \fBovsdb\-server \-\-version\fR and
255 \fBovs\-vswitchd \-\-version\fR.
257 .SH "The ``force\-reload\-kmod'' command"
260 The \fBforce\-reload\-kmod\fR command allows upgrading the Open
261 vSwitch kernel module without rebooting. It performs the following
265 Gets a list of OVS ``internal'' interfaces, that is, network devices
266 implemented by Open vSwitch. The most common examples of these are
267 bridge ``local ports''.
270 Saves the Openflow flows of each bridge.
273 Stops the Open vSwitch daemons, as if by a call to \fBovs\-ctl
277 Saves the kernel configuration state of the OVS internal interfaces
278 listed in step 1, including IP and IPv6 addresses and routing table
282 Unloads the Open vSwitch kernel module (including the bridge
283 compatibility module if it is loaded).
286 Starts OVS back up, as if by a call to \fBovs\-ctl start\fR. This
287 reloads the kernel module, restarts the OVS daemons and finally
288 restores the saved Openflow flows.
291 Restores the kernel configuration state that was saved in step 4.
294 Checks for daemons that may need to be restarted because they have
295 packet sockets that are listening on old instances of Open vSwitch
296 kernel interfaces and, if it finds any, prints a warning on stdout.
297 DHCP is a common example: if the ISC DHCP client is running on an OVS
298 internal interface, then it will have to be restarted after completing
299 the above procedure. (It would be nice if \fBovs\-ctl\fR could restart
300 daemons automatically, but the details are far too specific to a
301 particular distribution and installation.)
304 \fBforce\-kmod\-reload\fR internally stops and starts OVS, so it
305 accepts all of the options accepted by the \fBstart\fR command.
307 .SH "The ``load\-kmod'' command"
310 The \fBload\-kmod\fR command loads the openvswitch kernel modules if
311 they are not already loaded. This operation also occurs as part of
312 the \fBstart\fR command. The motivation for providing the \fBload\-kmod\fR
313 command is to allow errors when loading modules to be handled separatetly
314 from other errors that may occur when running the \fBstart\fR command.
317 By default the \fBload\-kmod\fR command attempts to load the
318 openvswitch kernel module.
320 .SH "The ``enable\-protocol'' command"
323 The \fBenable\-protocol\fR command checks for rules related to a
324 specified protocol in the system's \fBiptables\fR(8) configuration. If there
325 are no rules specifically related to that protocol, then it inserts a
326 rule to accept the specified protocol.
332 If \fBiptables\fR is not installed or not enabled, this command does
333 nothing, assuming that lack of filtering means that the protocol is
337 If the \fBINPUT\fR chain has a rule that matches the specified
338 protocol, then this command does nothing, assuming that whatever rule
339 is installed reflects the system administrator's decisions.
342 Otherwise, this command installs a rule that accepts traffic of the
346 This command normally completes successfully, even if it does
347 nothing. Only the failure of an attempt to insert a rule normally
348 causes it to return an exit code other than 0.
350 The following options control the protocol to be enabled:
352 .IP "\fB\-\-protocol=\fIprotocol\fR"
353 The name of the IP protocol to be enabled, such as \fBgre\fR or
354 \fBtcp\fR. The default is \fBgre\fR.
356 .IP "\fB\-\-sport=\fIsport\fR"
357 .IQ "\fB\-\-dport=\fIdport\fR"
358 TCP or UDP source or destination port to match. These are optional
359 and allowed only with \fB\-\-protocol=tcp\fR or
360 \fB\-\-protocol=udp\fR.
362 .SH "The ``help'' command"
364 Prints a usage message and exits successfully.
368 In addition to the options listed for each command above, this option
369 controls the behavior of several of \fBovs\-ctl\fR's commands.
373 \fBovs\-ctl\fR exits with status 0 on success and nonzero on failure.
374 The \fBstart\fR command is considered to succeed if OVS is already
375 started; the \fBstop\fR command is considered to succeed if OVS is
380 The following environment variables affect \fBovs\-ctl\fR:
383 \fBovs\-ctl\fR does not hardcode the location of any of the programs
384 that it runs. \fBovs\-ctl\fR will add the \fIsbindir\fR and
385 \fIbindir\fR that were specified at \fBconfigure\fR time to
386 \fBPATH\fR, if they are not already present.
388 .IP "\fBOVS_LOGDIR\fR"
389 .IQ "\fBOVS_RUNDIR\fR"
390 .IQ "\fBOVS_DBDIR\fR"
391 .IQ "\fBOVS_SYSCONFDIR\fR"
392 .IQ "\fBOVS_PKGDATADIR\fR"
393 .IQ "\fBOVS_BINDIR\fR"
394 .IQ "\fBOVS_SBINDIR\fR"
395 Setting one of these variables in the environment overrides the
396 respective \fBconfigure\fR option, both for \fBovs\-ctl\fR itself and
397 for the other Open vSwitch programs that it runs.
401 \fBovs\-ctl\fR uses the following files:
404 Shell function library used internally by \fBovs\-ctl\fR. It must be
405 installed in the same directory as \fBovs\-ctl\fR.
407 .IP "\fIlogdir\fB/\fIdaemon\fB.log\fR"
410 .IP "\fIrundir\fB/\fIdaemon\fB.pid\fR"
411 Per-daemon pidfiles to track whether a daemon is running and with what
414 .IP "\fIpkgdatadir\fB/vswitch.ovsschema\fR"
415 The OVS database schema used to initialize the database (use
416 \fB\-\-db\-schema to override this location).
418 .IP "\fIdbdir\fB/conf.db\fR"
419 The OVS database (use \fB\-\-db\-file\fR to override this location).
421 .IP "\fIrundir\fB/openvswitch/db.sock\fR"
422 The Unix domain socket used for local communication with
423 \fBovsdb\-server\fR (use \fB\-\-db\-sock\fR to override this
426 .IP "\fIsysconfdir\fB/openvswitch/system-id.conf\fR"
427 The persistent system UUID created and read by
428 \fB\-\-system\-id=random\fR.
430 .IP "\fIsysconfdir\fB/openvswitch/system\-type.conf\fR"
431 .IQ "\fIsysconfdir\fB/openvswitch/system\-version.conf\fR"
432 The \fBsystem\-type\fR and \fBsystem\-version\fR values stored in the database's
433 \fBOpen_vSwitch\fR table when not specified as a command-line option.
438 The files \fBdebian/openvswitch\-switch.init\fR and
439 \fBxenserver/etc_init.d_openvswitch\fR in the Open vSwitch source
440 distribution are good examples of how to use \fBovs\-ctl\fR.
444 \fBREADME\fR, \fBINSTALL.Linux\fR, \fBovsdb\-server\fR(8),
445 \fBovs\-vswitchd\fR(8).