-/* Copyright (c) 2009, 2010 Nicira Networks
+/* Copyright (c) 2009, 2010, 2011 Nicira Networks
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
#include "dynamic-string.h"
#include "hash.h"
#include "ovsdb-error.h"
+#include "ovsdb-parser.h"
#include "json.h"
#include "shash.h"
#include "sort.h"
return json_array_create_2(json_string_create(name), wrapped);
}
+/* Initializes 'atom' with the default value of the given 'type'.
+ *
+ * The default value for an atom is as defined in ovsdb/SPECS:
+ *
+ * - "integer" or "real": 0
+ *
+ * - "boolean": false
+ *
+ * - "string": "" (the empty string)
+ *
+ * - "uuid": 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000
+ *
+ * The caller must eventually arrange for 'atom' to be destroyed (with
+ * ovsdb_atom_destroy()). */
void
ovsdb_atom_init_default(union ovsdb_atom *atom, enum ovsdb_atomic_type type)
{
}
}
+/* Returns a read-only atom of the given 'type' that has the default value for
+ * 'type'. The caller must not modify or free the returned atom.
+ *
+ * See ovsdb_atom_init_default() for an explanation of the default value of an
+ * atom. */
+const union ovsdb_atom *
+ovsdb_atom_default(enum ovsdb_atomic_type type)
+{
+ static union ovsdb_atom default_atoms[OVSDB_N_TYPES];
+ static bool inited;
+
+ if (!inited) {
+ int i;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < OVSDB_N_TYPES; i++) {
+ if (i != OVSDB_TYPE_VOID) {
+ ovsdb_atom_init_default(&default_atoms[i], i);
+ }
+ }
+ inited = true;
+ }
+
+ assert(ovsdb_atomic_type_is_valid(type));
+ return &default_atoms[type];
+}
+
+/* Returns true if 'atom', which must have the given 'type', has the default
+ * value for that type.
+ *
+ * See ovsdb_atom_init_default() for an explanation of the default value of an
+ * atom. */
bool
ovsdb_atom_is_default(const union ovsdb_atom *atom,
enum ovsdb_atomic_type type)
}
}
+/* Initializes 'new' as a copy of 'old', with the given 'type'.
+ *
+ * The caller must eventually arrange for 'new' to be destroyed (with
+ * ovsdb_atom_destroy()). */
void
ovsdb_atom_clone(union ovsdb_atom *new, const union ovsdb_atom *old,
enum ovsdb_atomic_type type)
}
}
+/* Swaps the contents of 'a' and 'b', which need not have the same type. */
void
ovsdb_atom_swap(union ovsdb_atom *a, union ovsdb_atom *b)
{
*b = tmp;
}
+/* Returns a hash value for 'atom', which has the specified 'type', folding
+ * 'basis' into the calculation. */
uint32_t
ovsdb_atom_hash(const union ovsdb_atom *atom, enum ovsdb_atomic_type type,
uint32_t basis)
}
}
+/* Compares 'a' and 'b', which both have type 'type', and returns a
+ * strcmp()-like result. */
int
ovsdb_atom_compare_3way(const union ovsdb_atom *a,
const union ovsdb_atom *b,
|| (name && strcmp(json->u.array.elems[0]->u.string, name))
|| json->u.array.elems[1]->type != value_type)
{
+ *value = NULL;
return ovsdb_syntax_error(json, NULL, "expected [\"%s\", <%s>]", name,
json_type_to_string(value_type));
}
return NULL;
}
+static void
+ovsdb_symbol_referenced(struct ovsdb_symbol *symbol,
+ const struct ovsdb_base_type *base)
+{
+ assert(base->type == OVSDB_TYPE_UUID);
+
+ if (base->u.uuid.refTableName) {
+ switch (base->u.uuid.refType) {
+ case OVSDB_REF_STRONG:
+ symbol->strong_ref = true;
+ break;
+ case OVSDB_REF_WEAK:
+ symbol->weak_ref = true;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
static struct ovsdb_error * WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
ovsdb_atom_parse_uuid(struct uuid *uuid, const struct json *json,
- struct ovsdb_symbol_table *symtab)
+ struct ovsdb_symbol_table *symtab,
+ const struct ovsdb_base_type *base)
{
struct ovsdb_error *error0;
const struct json *value;
error1 = unwrap_json(json, "named-uuid", JSON_STRING, &value);
if (!error1) {
- const char *name = json_string(value);
+ struct ovsdb_symbol *symbol;
ovsdb_error_destroy(error0);
- *uuid = ovsdb_symbol_table_insert(symtab, name)->uuid;
+ if (!ovsdb_parser_is_id(json_string(value))) {
+ return ovsdb_syntax_error(json, NULL, "named-uuid string is "
+ "not a valid <id>");
+ }
+
+ symbol = ovsdb_symbol_table_insert(symtab, json_string(value));
+ *uuid = symbol->uuid;
+ ovsdb_symbol_referenced(symbol, base);
return NULL;
}
ovsdb_error_destroy(error1);
}
static struct ovsdb_error * WARN_UNUSED_RESULT
-ovsdb_atom_from_json__(union ovsdb_atom *atom, enum ovsdb_atomic_type type,
+ovsdb_atom_from_json__(union ovsdb_atom *atom,
+ const struct ovsdb_base_type *base,
const struct json *json,
struct ovsdb_symbol_table *symtab)
{
+ enum ovsdb_atomic_type type = base->type;
+
switch (type) {
case OVSDB_TYPE_VOID:
NOT_REACHED();
break;
case OVSDB_TYPE_UUID:
- return ovsdb_atom_parse_uuid(&atom->uuid, json, symtab);
+ return ovsdb_atom_parse_uuid(&atom->uuid, json, symtab, base);
case OVSDB_N_TYPES:
default:
ovsdb_atomic_type_to_string(type));
}
+/* Parses 'json' as an atom of the type described by 'base'. If successful,
+ * returns NULL and initializes 'atom' with the parsed atom. On failure,
+ * returns an error and the contents of 'atom' are indeterminate. The caller
+ * is responsible for freeing the error or the atom that is returned.
+ *
+ * Violations of constraints expressed by 'base' are treated as errors.
+ *
+ * If 'symtab' is nonnull, then named UUIDs in 'symtab' are accepted. Refer to
+ * ovsdb/SPECS for information about this, and for the syntax that this
+ * function accepts. If 'base' is a reference and a symbol is parsed, then the
+ * symbol's 'strong_ref' or 'weak_ref' member is set to true, as
+ * appropriate. */
struct ovsdb_error *
ovsdb_atom_from_json(union ovsdb_atom *atom,
const struct ovsdb_base_type *base,
{
struct ovsdb_error *error;
- error = ovsdb_atom_from_json__(atom, base->type, json, symtab);
+ error = ovsdb_atom_from_json__(atom, base, json, symtab);
if (error) {
return error;
}
return error;
}
+/* Converts 'atom', of the specified 'type', to JSON format, and returns the
+ * JSON. The caller is responsible for freeing the returned JSON.
+ *
+ * Refer to ovsdb/SPECS for the format of the JSON that this function
+ * produces. */
struct json *
ovsdb_atom_to_json(const union ovsdb_atom *atom, enum ovsdb_atomic_type type)
{
}
static char *
-ovsdb_atom_from_string__(union ovsdb_atom *atom, enum ovsdb_atomic_type type,
- const char *s, struct ovsdb_symbol_table *symtab)
+ovsdb_atom_from_string__(union ovsdb_atom *atom,
+ const struct ovsdb_base_type *base, const char *s,
+ struct ovsdb_symbol_table *symtab)
{
+ enum ovsdb_atomic_type type = base->type;
+
switch (type) {
case OVSDB_TYPE_VOID:
NOT_REACHED();
case OVSDB_TYPE_UUID:
if (*s == '@') {
- atom->uuid = ovsdb_symbol_table_insert(symtab, s)->uuid;
+ struct ovsdb_symbol *symbol = ovsdb_symbol_table_insert(symtab, s);
+ atom->uuid = symbol->uuid;
+ ovsdb_symbol_referenced(symbol, base);
} else if (!uuid_from_string(&atom->uuid, s)) {
return xasprintf("\"%s\" is not a valid UUID", s);
}
* then an identifier beginning with '@' is also acceptable. If the
* named identifier is already in 'symtab', then the associated UUID is
* used; otherwise, a new, random UUID is used and added to the symbol
- * table.
+ * table. If 'base' is a reference and a symbol is parsed, then the
+ * symbol's 'strong_ref' or 'weak_ref' member is set to true, as
+ * appropriate.
*
* Returns a null pointer if successful, otherwise an error message describing
- * the problem. The caller is responsible for freeing the error.
+ * the problem. On failure, the contents of 'atom' are indeterminate. The
+ * caller is responsible for freeing the atom or the error.
*/
char *
ovsdb_atom_from_string(union ovsdb_atom *atom,
struct ovsdb_error *error;
char *msg;
- msg = ovsdb_atom_from_string__(atom, base->type, s, symtab);
+ msg = ovsdb_atom_from_string__(atom, base, s, symtab);
if (msg) {
return msg;
}
}
}
+/* Appends 'atom' (which has the given 'type') to 'out', in a bare string
+ * format that cannot be parsed uniformly back into a datum but is easier for
+ * shell scripts, etc., to deal with. */
+void
+ovsdb_atom_to_bare(const union ovsdb_atom *atom, enum ovsdb_atomic_type type,
+ struct ds *out)
+{
+ if (type == OVSDB_TYPE_STRING) {
+ ds_put_cstr(out, atom->string);
+ } else {
+ ovsdb_atom_to_string(atom, type, out);
+ }
+}
+
static struct ovsdb_error *
check_string_constraints(const char *s,
const struct ovsdb_string_constraints *c)
struct ovsdb_error *error;
error = ovsdb_error("constraint violation",
- "\"%s\" is not a valid UTF-8 string: %s",
- s, msg);
+ "not a valid UTF-8 string: %s", msg);
free(msg);
return error;
}
}
}
+/* Initializes 'datum' as an empty datum. (An empty datum can be treated as
+ * any type.) */
void
ovsdb_datum_init_empty(struct ovsdb_datum *datum)
{
datum->values = NULL;
}
+/* Initializes 'datum' as a datum that has the default value for 'type'.
+ *
+ * The default value for a particular type is as defined in ovsdb/SPECS:
+ *
+ * - If n_min is 0, then the default value is the empty set (or map).
+ *
+ * - If n_min is 1, the default value is a single value or a single
+ * key-value pair, whose key and value are the defaults for their
+ * atomic types. (See ovsdb_atom_init_default() for details.)
+ *
+ * - n_min > 1 is invalid. See ovsdb_type_is_valid().
+ */
void
ovsdb_datum_init_default(struct ovsdb_datum *datum,
const struct ovsdb_type *type)
datum->values = alloc_default_atoms(type->value.type, datum->n);
}
+/* Returns a read-only datum of the given 'type' that has the default value for
+ * 'type'. The caller must not modify or free the returned datum.
+ *
+ * See ovsdb_datum_init_default() for an explanation of the default value of a
+ * datum. */
+const struct ovsdb_datum *
+ovsdb_datum_default(const struct ovsdb_type *type)
+{
+ if (type->n_min == 0) {
+ static const struct ovsdb_datum empty;
+ return ∅
+ } else if (type->n_min == 1) {
+ static struct ovsdb_datum default_data[OVSDB_N_TYPES][OVSDB_N_TYPES];
+ struct ovsdb_datum *d;
+ int kt = type->key.type;
+ int vt = type->value.type;
+
+ assert(ovsdb_type_is_valid(type));
+
+ d = &default_data[kt][vt];
+ if (!d->n) {
+ d->n = 1;
+ d->keys = (union ovsdb_atom *) ovsdb_atom_default(kt);
+ if (vt != OVSDB_TYPE_VOID) {
+ d->values = (union ovsdb_atom *) ovsdb_atom_default(vt);
+ }
+ }
+ return d;
+ } else {
+ NOT_REACHED();
+ }
+}
+
+/* Returns true if 'datum', which must have the given 'type', has the default
+ * value for that type.
+ *
+ * See ovsdb_datum_init_default() for an explanation of the default value of a
+ * datum. */
bool
ovsdb_datum_is_default(const struct ovsdb_datum *datum,
const struct ovsdb_type *type)
}
}
+/* Initializes 'new' as a copy of 'old', with the given 'type'.
+ *
+ * The caller must eventually arrange for 'new' to be destroyed (with
+ * ovsdb_datum_destroy()). */
void
ovsdb_datum_clone(struct ovsdb_datum *new, const struct ovsdb_datum *old,
const struct ovsdb_type *type)
free(atoms);
}
+/* Frees the data owned by 'datum', which must have the given 'type'.
+ *
+ * This does not actually call free(datum). If necessary, the caller must be
+ * responsible for that. */
void
ovsdb_datum_destroy(struct ovsdb_datum *datum, const struct ovsdb_type *type)
{
free_data(type->value.type, datum->values, datum->n);
}
+/* Swaps the contents of 'a' and 'b', which need not have the same type. */
void
ovsdb_datum_swap(struct ovsdb_datum *a, struct ovsdb_datum *b)
{
struct ovsdb_datum_sort_cbdata {
enum ovsdb_atomic_type key_type;
+ enum ovsdb_atomic_type value_type;
struct ovsdb_datum *datum;
};
ovsdb_datum_sort_compare_cb(size_t a, size_t b, void *cbdata_)
{
struct ovsdb_datum_sort_cbdata *cbdata = cbdata_;
+ int retval;
+
+ retval = ovsdb_atom_compare_3way(&cbdata->datum->keys[a],
+ &cbdata->datum->keys[b],
+ cbdata->key_type);
+ if (retval || cbdata->value_type == OVSDB_TYPE_VOID) {
+ return retval;
+ }
- return ovsdb_atom_compare_3way(&cbdata->datum->keys[a],
- &cbdata->datum->keys[b],
- cbdata->key_type);
+ return ovsdb_atom_compare_3way(&cbdata->datum->values[a],
+ &cbdata->datum->values[b],
+ cbdata->value_type);
}
static void
}
}
+static void
+ovsdb_datum_sort__(struct ovsdb_datum *datum, enum ovsdb_atomic_type key_type,
+ enum ovsdb_atomic_type value_type)
+{
+ struct ovsdb_datum_sort_cbdata cbdata;
+
+ cbdata.key_type = key_type;
+ cbdata.value_type = value_type;
+ cbdata.datum = datum;
+ sort(datum->n, ovsdb_datum_sort_compare_cb, ovsdb_datum_sort_swap_cb,
+ &cbdata);
+}
+
+/* The keys in an ovsdb_datum must be unique and in sorted order. Most
+ * functions that modify an ovsdb_datum maintain these invariants. For those
+ * that don't, this function checks and restores these invariants for 'datum',
+ * whose keys are of type 'key_type'.
+ *
+ * This function returns NULL if successful, otherwise an error message. The
+ * caller must free the returned error when it is no longer needed. On error,
+ * 'datum' is sorted but not unique. */
struct ovsdb_error *
ovsdb_datum_sort(struct ovsdb_datum *datum, enum ovsdb_atomic_type key_type)
{
+ size_t i;
+
if (datum->n < 2) {
return NULL;
- } else {
- struct ovsdb_datum_sort_cbdata cbdata;
- size_t i;
+ }
- cbdata.key_type = key_type;
- cbdata.datum = datum;
- sort(datum->n, ovsdb_datum_sort_compare_cb, ovsdb_datum_sort_swap_cb,
- &cbdata);
-
- for (i = 0; i < datum->n - 1; i++) {
- if (ovsdb_atom_equals(&datum->keys[i], &datum->keys[i + 1],
- key_type)) {
- if (datum->values) {
- return ovsdb_error(NULL, "map contains duplicate key");
- } else {
- return ovsdb_error(NULL, "set contains duplicate");
- }
+ ovsdb_datum_sort__(datum, key_type, OVSDB_TYPE_VOID);
+
+ for (i = 0; i < datum->n - 1; i++) {
+ if (ovsdb_atom_equals(&datum->keys[i], &datum->keys[i + 1],
+ key_type)) {
+ if (datum->values) {
+ return ovsdb_error(NULL, "map contains duplicate key");
+ } else {
+ return ovsdb_error(NULL, "set contains duplicate");
}
}
-
- return NULL;
}
+ return NULL;
}
+/* This function is the same as ovsdb_datum_sort(), except that the caller
+ * knows that 'datum' is unique. The operation therefore "cannot fail", so
+ * this function assert-fails if it actually does. */
void
ovsdb_datum_sort_assert(struct ovsdb_datum *datum,
enum ovsdb_atomic_type key_type)
}
}
+/* This is similar to ovsdb_datum_sort(), except that it drops duplicate keys
+ * instead of reporting an error. In a map type, the smallest value among a
+ * group of duplicate pairs is retained and the others are dropped.
+ *
+ * Returns the number of keys (or pairs) that were dropped. */
+size_t
+ovsdb_datum_sort_unique(struct ovsdb_datum *datum,
+ enum ovsdb_atomic_type key_type,
+ enum ovsdb_atomic_type value_type)
+{
+ size_t src, dst;
+
+ if (datum->n < 2) {
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ ovsdb_datum_sort__(datum, key_type, value_type);
+
+ dst = 1;
+ for (src = 1; src < datum->n; src++) {
+ if (ovsdb_atom_equals(&datum->keys[src], &datum->keys[dst - 1],
+ key_type)) {
+ ovsdb_atom_destroy(&datum->keys[src], key_type);
+ if (value_type != OVSDB_TYPE_VOID) {
+ ovsdb_atom_destroy(&datum->values[src], value_type);
+ }
+ } else {
+ if (src != dst) {
+ datum->keys[dst] = datum->keys[src];
+ if (value_type != OVSDB_TYPE_VOID) {
+ datum->values[dst] = datum->values[src];
+ }
+ }
+ dst++;
+ }
+ }
+ datum->n = dst;
+ return datum->n - src;
+}
+
/* Checks that each of the atoms in 'datum' conforms to the constraints
* specified by its 'type'. Returns an error if a constraint is violated,
* otherwise a null pointer.
return NULL;
}
-struct ovsdb_error *
-ovsdb_datum_from_json(struct ovsdb_datum *datum,
- const struct ovsdb_type *type,
- const struct json *json,
- struct ovsdb_symbol_table *symtab)
+static struct ovsdb_error *
+ovsdb_datum_from_json__(struct ovsdb_datum *datum,
+ const struct ovsdb_type *type,
+ const struct json *json,
+ struct ovsdb_symbol_table *symtab)
{
struct ovsdb_error *error;
datum->n++;
}
-
- error = ovsdb_datum_sort(datum, type->key.type);
- if (error) {
- goto error;
- }
-
return NULL;
error:
}
}
+/* Parses 'json' as a datum of the type described by 'type'. If successful,
+ * returns NULL and initializes 'datum' with the parsed datum. On failure,
+ * returns an error and the contents of 'datum' are indeterminate. The caller
+ * is responsible for freeing the error or the datum that is returned.
+ *
+ * Violations of constraints expressed by 'type' are treated as errors.
+ *
+ * If 'symtab' is nonnull, then named UUIDs in 'symtab' are accepted. Refer to
+ * ovsdb/SPECS for information about this, and for the syntax that this
+ * function accepts. */
+struct ovsdb_error *
+ovsdb_datum_from_json(struct ovsdb_datum *datum,
+ const struct ovsdb_type *type,
+ const struct json *json,
+ struct ovsdb_symbol_table *symtab)
+{
+ struct ovsdb_error *error;
+
+ error = ovsdb_datum_from_json__(datum, type, json, symtab);
+ if (error) {
+ return error;
+ }
+
+ error = ovsdb_datum_sort(datum, type->key.type);
+ if (error) {
+ ovsdb_datum_destroy(datum, type);
+ }
+ return error;
+}
+
+/* Converts 'datum', of the specified 'type', to JSON format, and returns the
+ * JSON. The caller is responsible for freeing the returned JSON.
+ *
+ * 'type' constraints on datum->n are ignored.
+ *
+ * Refer to ovsdb/SPECS for the format of the JSON that this function
+ * produces. */
struct json *
ovsdb_datum_to_json(const struct ovsdb_datum *datum,
const struct ovsdb_type *type)
{
- /* These tests somewhat tolerate a 'datum' that does not exactly match
- * 'type', in particular a datum with 'n' not in the allowed range. */
if (datum->n == 1 && !ovsdb_type_is_map(type)) {
return ovsdb_atom_to_json(&datum->keys[0], type->key.type);
} else if (type->value.type == OVSDB_TYPE_VOID) {
union ovsdb_atom key, value;
if (ovsdb_token_is_delim(*p)) {
+ char *type_str = ovsdb_type_to_english(type);
error = xasprintf("%s: unexpected \"%c\" parsing %s",
- s, *p, ovsdb_type_to_english(type));
+ s, *p, type_str);
+ free(type_str);
goto error;
}
}
}
+/* Appends to 'out' the 'datum' (with the given 'type') in a bare string format
+ * that cannot be parsed uniformly back into a datum but is easier for shell
+ * scripts, etc., to deal with. */
+void
+ovsdb_datum_to_bare(const struct ovsdb_datum *datum,
+ const struct ovsdb_type *type, struct ds *out)
+{
+ bool is_map = ovsdb_type_is_map(type);
+ size_t i;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < datum->n; i++) {
+ if (i > 0) {
+ ds_put_cstr(out, " ");
+ }
+
+ ovsdb_atom_to_bare(&datum->keys[i], type->key.type, out);
+ if (is_map) {
+ ds_put_char(out, '=');
+ ovsdb_atom_to_bare(&datum->values[i], type->value.type, out);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/* Initializes 'datum' as a string-to-string map whose contents are taken from
+ * 'sh'. Destroys 'sh'. */
+void
+ovsdb_datum_from_shash(struct ovsdb_datum *datum, struct shash *sh)
+{
+ struct shash_node *node, *next;
+ size_t i;
+
+ datum->n = shash_count(sh);
+ datum->keys = xmalloc(datum->n * sizeof *datum->keys);
+ datum->values = xmalloc(datum->n * sizeof *datum->values);
+
+ i = 0;
+ SHASH_FOR_EACH_SAFE (node, next, sh) {
+ datum->keys[i].string = node->name;
+ datum->values[i].string = node->data;
+ shash_steal(sh, node);
+ i++;
+ }
+ assert(i == datum->n);
+
+ shash_destroy(sh);
+ ovsdb_datum_sort_unique(datum, OVSDB_TYPE_STRING, OVSDB_TYPE_STRING);
+}
+
static uint32_t
hash_atoms(enum ovsdb_atomic_type type, const union ovsdb_atom *atoms,
unsigned int n, uint32_t basis)
}
}
\f
-struct ovsdb_symbol_table {
- struct shash sh;
-};
-
struct ovsdb_symbol_table *
ovsdb_symbol_table_create(void)
{
ovsdb_symbol_table_destroy(struct ovsdb_symbol_table *symtab)
{
if (symtab) {
- struct shash_node *node, *next;
-
- SHASH_FOR_EACH_SAFE (node, next, &symtab->sh) {
- struct ovsdb_symbol *symbol = node->data;
- free(symbol);
- shash_delete(&symtab->sh, node);
- }
- shash_destroy(&symtab->sh);
+ shash_destroy_free_data(&symtab->sh);
free(symtab);
}
}
struct ovsdb_symbol *
ovsdb_symbol_table_put(struct ovsdb_symbol_table *symtab, const char *name,
- const struct uuid *uuid, bool used)
+ const struct uuid *uuid, bool created)
{
struct ovsdb_symbol *symbol;
assert(!ovsdb_symbol_table_get(symtab, name));
symbol = xmalloc(sizeof *symbol);
symbol->uuid = *uuid;
- symbol->used = used;
+ symbol->created = created;
+ symbol->strong_ref = false;
+ symbol->weak_ref = false;
shash_add(&symtab->sh, name, symbol);
return symbol;
}
}
return symbol;
}
-
-const char *
-ovsdb_symbol_table_find_unused(const struct ovsdb_symbol_table *symtab)
-{
- struct shash_node *node;
-
- SHASH_FOR_EACH (node, &symtab->sh) {
- struct ovsdb_symbol *symbol = node->data;
- if (!symbol->used) {
- return node->name;
- }
- }
-
- return NULL;
-}
\f
/* Extracts a token from the beginning of 's' and returns a pointer just after
* the token. Stores the token itself into '*outp', which the caller is
bool
ovsdb_token_is_delim(unsigned char c)
{
- return strchr(":=, []{}", c) != NULL;
+ return strchr(":=, []{}!<>", c) != NULL;
}