ofproto-dpif: Fix minor memory leak when creating dpif_backers.
[sliver-openvswitch.git] / ofproto / ofproto-dpif.c
index e171b3c..2c216fe 100644 (file)
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 Nicira, Inc.
+ * Copyright (c) 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 Nicira, Inc.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 #include "odp-util.h"
 #include "ofp-util.h"
 #include "ofpbuf.h"
+#include "ofp-actions.h"
 #include "ofp-parse.h"
 #include "ofp-print.h"
 #include "ofproto-dpif-governor.h"
 #include "ofproto-dpif-sflow.h"
 #include "poll-loop.h"
 #include "simap.h"
+#include "smap.h"
 #include "timer.h"
 #include "unaligned.h"
 #include "unixctl.h"
 
 VLOG_DEFINE_THIS_MODULE(ofproto_dpif);
 
-COVERAGE_DEFINE(ofproto_dpif_ctlr_action);
 COVERAGE_DEFINE(ofproto_dpif_expired);
 COVERAGE_DEFINE(ofproto_dpif_xlate);
 COVERAGE_DEFINE(facet_changed_rule);
-COVERAGE_DEFINE(facet_invalidated);
 COVERAGE_DEFINE(facet_revalidate);
 COVERAGE_DEFINE(facet_unexpected);
 COVERAGE_DEFINE(facet_suppress);
 
 /* Maximum depth of flow table recursion (due to resubmit actions) in a
  * flow translation. */
-#define MAX_RESUBMIT_RECURSION 32
+#define MAX_RESUBMIT_RECURSION 64
 
 /* Number of implemented OpenFlow tables. */
 enum { N_TABLES = 255 };
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ BUILD_ASSERT_DECL(N_TABLES >= 2 && N_TABLES <= 255);
 
 struct ofport_dpif;
 struct ofproto_dpif;
+struct flow_miss;
 
 struct rule_dpif {
     struct rule up;
@@ -111,14 +112,15 @@ static struct rule_dpif *rule_dpif_lookup(struct ofproto_dpif *,
 static struct rule_dpif *rule_dpif_lookup__(struct ofproto_dpif *,
                                             const struct flow *,
                                             uint8_t table);
+static struct rule_dpif *rule_dpif_miss_rule(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
+                                             const struct flow *flow);
 
 static void rule_credit_stats(struct rule_dpif *,
                               const struct dpif_flow_stats *);
 static void flow_push_stats(struct rule_dpif *, const struct flow *,
                             const struct dpif_flow_stats *);
 static tag_type rule_calculate_tag(const struct flow *,
-                                   const struct flow_wildcards *,
-                                   uint32_t basis);
+                                   const struct minimask *, uint32_t basis);
 static void rule_invalidate(const struct rule_dpif *);
 
 #define MAX_MIRRORS 32
@@ -244,6 +246,11 @@ struct action_xlate_ctx {
      * calling action_xlate_ctx_init(). */
     void (*resubmit_hook)(struct action_xlate_ctx *, struct rule_dpif *rule);
 
+    /* If nonnull, flow translation calls this function to report some
+     * significant decision, e.g. to explain why OFPP_NORMAL translation
+     * dropped a packet. */
+    void (*report_hook)(struct action_xlate_ctx *, const char *s);
+
     /* If nonnull, flow translation credits the specified statistics to each
      * rule reached through a resubmit or OFPP_TABLE action.
      *
@@ -272,7 +279,7 @@ struct action_xlate_ctx {
     uint32_t orig_skb_priority; /* Priority when packet arrived. */
     uint8_t table_id;           /* OpenFlow table ID where flow was found. */
     uint32_t sflow_n_outputs;   /* Number of output ports. */
-    uint16_t sflow_odp_port;    /* Output port for composing sFlow action. */
+    uint32_t sflow_odp_port;    /* Output port for composing sFlow action. */
     uint16_t user_cookie_offset;/* Used for user_action_cookie fixup. */
     bool exit;                  /* No further actions should be processed. */
     struct flow orig_flow;      /* Copy of original flow. */
@@ -283,11 +290,11 @@ static void action_xlate_ctx_init(struct action_xlate_ctx *,
                                   ovs_be16 initial_tci, struct rule_dpif *,
                                   uint8_t tcp_flags, const struct ofpbuf *);
 static void xlate_actions(struct action_xlate_ctx *,
-                          const union ofp_action *in, size_t n_in,
+                          const struct ofpact *ofpacts, size_t ofpacts_len,
                           struct ofpbuf *odp_actions);
 static void xlate_actions_for_side_effects(struct action_xlate_ctx *,
-                                           const union ofp_action *in,
-                                           size_t n_in);
+                                           const struct ofpact *ofpacts,
+                                           size_t ofpacts_len);
 
 static size_t put_userspace_action(const struct ofproto_dpif *,
                                    struct ofpbuf *odp_actions,
@@ -300,6 +307,8 @@ static void compose_slow_path(const struct ofproto_dpif *, const struct flow *,
                               const struct nlattr **actionsp,
                               size_t *actions_lenp);
 
+static void xlate_report(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx, const char *s);
+
 /* A subfacet (see "struct subfacet" below) has three possible installation
  * states:
  *
@@ -358,15 +367,27 @@ struct subfacet {
      * splinters can cause it to differ.  This value should be removed when
      * the VLAN splinters feature is no longer needed.  */
     ovs_be16 initial_tci;       /* Initial VLAN TCI value. */
+
+    /* Datapath port the packet arrived on.  This is needed to remove
+     * flows for ports that are no longer part of the bridge.  Since the
+     * flow definition only has the OpenFlow port number and the port is
+     * no longer part of the bridge, we can't determine the datapath port
+     * number needed to delete the flow from the datapath. */
+    uint32_t odp_in_port;
 };
 
-static struct subfacet *subfacet_create(struct facet *, enum odp_key_fitness,
-                                        const struct nlattr *key,
-                                        size_t key_len, ovs_be16 initial_tci);
+#define SUBFACET_DESTROY_MAX_BATCH 50
+
+static struct subfacet *subfacet_create(struct facet *, struct flow_miss *miss,
+                                        long long int now);
 static struct subfacet *subfacet_find(struct ofproto_dpif *,
-                                      const struct nlattr *key, size_t key_len);
+                                      const struct nlattr *key, size_t key_len,
+                                      uint32_t key_hash,
+                                      const struct flow *flow);
 static void subfacet_destroy(struct subfacet *);
 static void subfacet_destroy__(struct subfacet *);
+static void subfacet_destroy_batch(struct ofproto_dpif *,
+                                   struct subfacet **, int n);
 static void subfacet_get_key(struct subfacet *, struct odputil_keybuf *,
                              struct ofpbuf *key);
 static void subfacet_reset_dp_stats(struct subfacet *,
@@ -477,6 +498,7 @@ static void facet_account(struct facet *);
 static bool facet_is_controller_flow(struct facet *);
 
 struct ofport_dpif {
+    struct hmap_node odp_port_node; /* In dpif_backer's "odp_to_ofport_map". */
     struct ofport up;
 
     uint32_t odp_port;
@@ -535,14 +557,20 @@ static bool vsp_adjust_flow(const struct ofproto_dpif *, struct flow *);
 static void vsp_remove(struct ofport_dpif *);
 static void vsp_add(struct ofport_dpif *, uint16_t realdev_ofp_port, int vid);
 
+static uint32_t ofp_port_to_odp_port(const struct ofproto_dpif *,
+                                     uint16_t ofp_port);
+static uint16_t odp_port_to_ofp_port(const struct ofproto_dpif *,
+                                     uint32_t odp_port);
+
 static struct ofport_dpif *
 ofport_dpif_cast(const struct ofport *ofport)
 {
-    assert(ofport->ofproto->ofproto_class == &ofproto_dpif_class);
+    ovs_assert(ofport->ofproto->ofproto_class == &ofproto_dpif_class);
     return ofport ? CONTAINER_OF(ofport, struct ofport_dpif, up) : NULL;
 }
 
 static void port_run(struct ofport_dpif *);
+static void port_run_fast(struct ofport_dpif *);
 static void port_wait(struct ofport_dpif *);
 static int set_cfm(struct ofport *, const struct cfm_settings *);
 static void ofport_clear_priorities(struct ofport_dpif *);
@@ -563,11 +591,46 @@ struct table_dpif {
     uint32_t basis;                   /* Keeps each table's tags separate. */
 };
 
+/* Reasons that we might need to revalidate every facet, and corresponding
+ * coverage counters.
+ *
+ * A value of 0 means that there is no need to revalidate.
+ *
+ * It would be nice to have some cleaner way to integrate with coverage
+ * counters, but with only a few reasons I guess this is good enough for
+ * now. */
+enum revalidate_reason {
+    REV_RECONFIGURE = 1,       /* Switch configuration changed. */
+    REV_STP,                   /* Spanning tree protocol port status change. */
+    REV_PORT_TOGGLED,          /* Port enabled or disabled by CFM, LACP, ...*/
+    REV_FLOW_TABLE,            /* Flow table changed. */
+    REV_INCONSISTENCY          /* Facet self-check failed. */
+};
+COVERAGE_DEFINE(rev_reconfigure);
+COVERAGE_DEFINE(rev_stp);
+COVERAGE_DEFINE(rev_port_toggled);
+COVERAGE_DEFINE(rev_flow_table);
+COVERAGE_DEFINE(rev_inconsistency);
+
+/* All datapaths of a given type share a single dpif backer instance. */
+struct dpif_backer {
+    char *type;
+    int refcount;
+    struct dpif *dpif;
+    struct timer next_expiration;
+    struct hmap odp_to_ofport_map; /* ODP port to ofport mapping. */
+};
+
+/* All existing ofproto_backer instances, indexed by ofproto->up.type. */
+static struct shash all_dpif_backers = SHASH_INITIALIZER(&all_dpif_backers);
+
+static struct ofport_dpif *
+odp_port_to_ofport(const struct dpif_backer *, uint32_t odp_port);
+
 struct ofproto_dpif {
     struct hmap_node all_ofproto_dpifs_node; /* In 'all_ofproto_dpifs'. */
     struct ofproto up;
-    struct dpif *dpif;
-    int max_ports;
+    struct dpif_backer *backer;
 
     /* Special OpenFlow rules. */
     struct rule_dpif *miss_rule; /* Sends flow table misses to controller. */
@@ -585,9 +648,6 @@ struct ofproto_dpif {
     bool has_mirrors;
     bool has_bonded_bundles;
 
-    /* Expiration. */
-    struct timer next_expiration;
-
     /* Facets. */
     struct hmap facets;
     struct hmap subfacets;
@@ -595,7 +655,7 @@ struct ofproto_dpif {
 
     /* Revalidation. */
     struct table_dpif tables[N_TABLES];
-    bool need_revalidate;
+    enum revalidate_reason need_revalidate;
     struct tag_set revalidate_set;
 
     /* Support for debugging async flow mods. */
@@ -612,6 +672,11 @@ struct ofproto_dpif {
     /* VLAN splinters. */
     struct hmap realdev_vid_map; /* (realdev,vid) -> vlandev. */
     struct hmap vlandev_map;     /* vlandev -> (realdev,vid). */
+
+    /* Ports. */
+    struct sset ports;             /* Set of port names. */
+    struct sset port_poll_set;     /* Queued names for port_poll() reply. */
+    int port_poll_errno;           /* Last errno for port_poll() reply. */
 };
 
 /* Defer flow mod completion until "ovs-appctl ofproto/unclog"?  (Useful only
@@ -626,7 +691,7 @@ static void ofproto_dpif_unixctl_init(void);
 static struct ofproto_dpif *
 ofproto_dpif_cast(const struct ofproto *ofproto)
 {
-    assert(ofproto->ofproto_class == &ofproto_dpif_class);
+    ovs_assert(ofproto->ofproto_class == &ofproto_dpif_class);
     return CONTAINER_OF(ofproto, struct ofproto_dpif, up);
 }
 
@@ -644,10 +709,10 @@ static void update_learning_table(struct ofproto_dpif *,
                                   struct ofbundle *);
 /* Upcalls. */
 #define FLOW_MISS_MAX_BATCH 50
-static int handle_upcalls(struct ofproto_dpif *, unsigned int max_batch);
+static int handle_upcalls(struct dpif_backer *, unsigned int max_batch);
 
 /* Flow expiration. */
-static int expire(struct ofproto_dpif *);
+static int expire(struct dpif_backer *);
 
 /* NetFlow. */
 static void send_netflow_active_timeouts(struct ofproto_dpif *);
@@ -661,9 +726,30 @@ static void add_mirror_actions(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
                                const struct flow *flow);
 /* Global variables. */
 static struct vlog_rate_limit rl = VLOG_RATE_LIMIT_INIT(1, 5);
+
+/* Initial mappings of port to bridge mappings. */
+static struct shash init_ofp_ports = SHASH_INITIALIZER(&init_ofp_ports);
 \f
 /* Factory functions. */
 
+static void
+init(const struct shash *iface_hints)
+{
+    struct shash_node *node;
+
+    /* Make a local copy, since we don't own 'iface_hints' elements. */
+    SHASH_FOR_EACH(node, iface_hints) {
+        const struct iface_hint *orig_hint = node->data;
+        struct iface_hint *new_hint = xmalloc(sizeof *new_hint);
+
+        new_hint->br_name = xstrdup(orig_hint->br_name);
+        new_hint->br_type = xstrdup(orig_hint->br_type);
+        new_hint->ofp_port = orig_hint->ofp_port;
+
+        shash_add(&init_ofp_ports, node->name, new_hint);
+    }
+}
+
 static void
 enumerate_types(struct sset *types)
 {
@@ -673,7 +759,17 @@ enumerate_types(struct sset *types)
 static int
 enumerate_names(const char *type, struct sset *names)
 {
-    return dp_enumerate_names(type, names);
+    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
+
+    sset_clear(names);
+    HMAP_FOR_EACH (ofproto, all_ofproto_dpifs_node, &all_ofproto_dpifs) {
+        if (strcmp(type, ofproto->up.type)) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        sset_add(names, ofproto->up.name);
+    }
+
+    return 0;
 }
 
 static int
@@ -690,6 +786,147 @@ del(const char *type, const char *name)
     return error;
 }
 \f
+static const char *
+port_open_type(const char *datapath_type, const char *port_type)
+{
+    return dpif_port_open_type(datapath_type, port_type);
+}
+
+/* Type functions. */
+
+static struct ofproto_dpif *
+lookup_ofproto_dpif_by_port_name(const char *name)
+{
+    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
+
+    HMAP_FOR_EACH (ofproto, all_ofproto_dpifs_node, &all_ofproto_dpifs) {
+        if (sset_contains(&ofproto->ports, name)) {
+            return ofproto;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static int
+type_run(const char *type)
+{
+    struct dpif_backer *backer;
+    char *devname;
+    int error;
+
+    backer = shash_find_data(&all_dpif_backers, type);
+    if (!backer) {
+        /* This is not necessarily a problem, since backers are only
+         * created on demand. */
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    dpif_run(backer->dpif);
+
+    if (timer_expired(&backer->next_expiration)) {
+        int delay = expire(backer);
+        timer_set_duration(&backer->next_expiration, delay);
+    }
+
+    /* Check for port changes in the dpif. */
+    while ((error = dpif_port_poll(backer->dpif, &devname)) == 0) {
+        struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
+        struct dpif_port port;
+
+        /* Don't report on the datapath's device. */
+        if (!strcmp(devname, dpif_base_name(backer->dpif))) {
+            goto next;
+        }
+
+        ofproto = lookup_ofproto_dpif_by_port_name(devname);
+        if (dpif_port_query_by_name(backer->dpif, devname, &port)) {
+            /* The port was removed.  If we know the datapath,
+             * report it through poll_set().  If we don't, it may be
+             * notifying us of a removal we initiated, so ignore it.
+             * If there's a pending ENOBUFS, let it stand, since
+             * everything will be reevaluated. */
+            if (ofproto && ofproto->port_poll_errno != ENOBUFS) {
+                sset_add(&ofproto->port_poll_set, devname);
+                ofproto->port_poll_errno = 0;
+            }
+        } else if (!ofproto) {
+            /* The port was added, but we don't know with which
+             * ofproto we should associate it.  Delete it. */
+            dpif_port_del(backer->dpif, port.port_no);
+        }
+        dpif_port_destroy(&port);
+
+    next:
+        free(devname);
+    }
+
+    if (error != EAGAIN) {
+        struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
+
+        /* There was some sort of error, so propagate it to all
+         * ofprotos that use this backer. */
+        HMAP_FOR_EACH (ofproto, all_ofproto_dpifs_node,
+                       &all_ofproto_dpifs) {
+            if (ofproto->backer == backer) {
+                sset_clear(&ofproto->port_poll_set);
+                ofproto->port_poll_errno = error;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+type_run_fast(const char *type)
+{
+    struct dpif_backer *backer;
+    unsigned int work;
+
+    backer = shash_find_data(&all_dpif_backers, type);
+    if (!backer) {
+        /* This is not necessarily a problem, since backers are only
+         * created on demand. */
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /* Handle one or more batches of upcalls, until there's nothing left to do
+     * or until we do a fixed total amount of work.
+     *
+     * We do work in batches because it can be much cheaper to set up a number
+     * of flows and fire off their patches all at once.  We do multiple batches
+     * because in some cases handling a packet can cause another packet to be
+     * queued almost immediately as part of the return flow.  Both
+     * optimizations can make major improvements on some benchmarks and
+     * presumably for real traffic as well. */
+    work = 0;
+    while (work < FLOW_MISS_MAX_BATCH) {
+        int retval = handle_upcalls(backer, FLOW_MISS_MAX_BATCH - work);
+        if (retval <= 0) {
+            return -retval;
+        }
+        work += retval;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+type_wait(const char *type)
+{
+    struct dpif_backer *backer;
+
+    backer = shash_find_data(&all_dpif_backers, type);
+    if (!backer) {
+        /* This is not necessarily a problem, since backers are only
+         * created on demand. */
+        return;
+    }
+
+    timer_wait(&backer->next_expiration);
+}
+\f
 /* Basic life-cycle. */
 
 static int add_internal_flows(struct ofproto_dpif *);
@@ -708,33 +945,147 @@ dealloc(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
     free(ofproto);
 }
 
-static int
-construct(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
+static void
+close_dpif_backer(struct dpif_backer *backer)
 {
-    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
-    const char *name = ofproto->up.name;
+    struct shash_node *node;
+
+    ovs_assert(backer->refcount > 0);
+
+    if (--backer->refcount) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    hmap_destroy(&backer->odp_to_ofport_map);
+    node = shash_find(&all_dpif_backers, backer->type);
+    free(backer->type);
+    shash_delete(&all_dpif_backers, node);
+    dpif_close(backer->dpif);
+
+    free(backer);
+}
+
+/* Datapath port slated for removal from datapath. */
+struct odp_garbage {
+    struct list list_node;
+    uint32_t odp_port;
+};
+
+static int
+open_dpif_backer(const char *type, struct dpif_backer **backerp)
+{
+    struct dpif_backer *backer;
+    struct dpif_port_dump port_dump;
+    struct dpif_port port;
+    struct shash_node *node;
+    struct list garbage_list;
+    struct odp_garbage *garbage, *next;
+    struct sset names;
+    char *backer_name;
+    const char *name;
     int error;
-    int i;
 
-    error = dpif_create_and_open(name, ofproto->up.type, &ofproto->dpif);
+    backer = shash_find_data(&all_dpif_backers, type);
+    if (backer) {
+        backer->refcount++;
+        *backerp = backer;
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    backer_name = xasprintf("ovs-%s", type);
+
+    /* Remove any existing datapaths, since we assume we're the only
+     * userspace controlling the datapath. */
+    sset_init(&names);
+    dp_enumerate_names(type, &names);
+    SSET_FOR_EACH(name, &names) {
+        struct dpif *old_dpif;
+
+        /* Don't remove our backer if it exists. */
+        if (!strcmp(name, backer_name)) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (dpif_open(name, type, &old_dpif)) {
+            VLOG_WARN("couldn't open old datapath %s to remove it", name);
+        } else {
+            dpif_delete(old_dpif);
+            dpif_close(old_dpif);
+        }
+    }
+    sset_destroy(&names);
+
+    backer = xmalloc(sizeof *backer);
+
+    error = dpif_create_and_open(backer_name, type, &backer->dpif);
+    free(backer_name);
     if (error) {
-        VLOG_ERR("failed to open datapath %s: %s", name, strerror(error));
+        VLOG_ERR("failed to open datapath of type %s: %s", type,
+                 strerror(error));
+        free(backer);
         return error;
     }
 
-    ofproto->max_ports = dpif_get_max_ports(ofproto->dpif);
-    ofproto->n_matches = 0;
+    backer->type = xstrdup(type);
+    backer->refcount = 1;
+    hmap_init(&backer->odp_to_ofport_map);
+    timer_set_duration(&backer->next_expiration, 1000);
+    *backerp = backer;
 
-    dpif_flow_flush(ofproto->dpif);
-    dpif_recv_purge(ofproto->dpif);
+    dpif_flow_flush(backer->dpif);
 
-    error = dpif_recv_set(ofproto->dpif, true);
+    /* Loop through the ports already on the datapath and remove any
+     * that we don't need anymore. */
+    list_init(&garbage_list);
+    dpif_port_dump_start(&port_dump, backer->dpif);
+    while (dpif_port_dump_next(&port_dump, &port)) {
+        node = shash_find(&init_ofp_ports, port.name);
+        if (!node && strcmp(port.name, dpif_base_name(backer->dpif))) {
+            garbage = xmalloc(sizeof *garbage);
+            garbage->odp_port = port.port_no;
+            list_push_front(&garbage_list, &garbage->list_node);
+        }
+    }
+    dpif_port_dump_done(&port_dump);
+
+    LIST_FOR_EACH_SAFE (garbage, next, list_node, &garbage_list) {
+        dpif_port_del(backer->dpif, garbage->odp_port);
+        list_remove(&garbage->list_node);
+        free(garbage);
+    }
+
+    shash_add(&all_dpif_backers, type, backer);
+
+    error = dpif_recv_set(backer->dpif, true);
     if (error) {
-        VLOG_ERR("failed to listen on datapath %s: %s", name, strerror(error));
-        dpif_close(ofproto->dpif);
+        VLOG_ERR("failed to listen on datapath of type %s: %s",
+                 type, strerror(error));
+        close_dpif_backer(backer);
         return error;
     }
 
+    return error;
+}
+
+static int
+construct(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
+{
+    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
+    struct shash_node *node, *next;
+    int max_ports;
+    int error;
+    int i;
+
+    error = open_dpif_backer(ofproto->up.type, &ofproto->backer);
+    if (error) {
+        return error;
+    }
+
+    max_ports = dpif_get_max_ports(ofproto->backer->dpif);
+    ofproto_init_max_ports(ofproto_, MIN(max_ports, OFPP_MAX));
+
+    ofproto->n_matches = 0;
+
     ofproto->netflow = NULL;
     ofproto->sflow = NULL;
     ofproto->stp = NULL;
@@ -745,8 +1096,6 @@ construct(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
     }
     ofproto->has_bonded_bundles = false;
 
-    timer_set_duration(&ofproto->next_expiration, 1000);
-
     hmap_init(&ofproto->facets);
     hmap_init(&ofproto->subfacets);
     ofproto->governor = NULL;
@@ -758,7 +1107,7 @@ construct(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
         table->other_table = NULL;
         table->basis = random_uint32();
     }
-    ofproto->need_revalidate = false;
+    ofproto->need_revalidate = 0;
     tag_set_init(&ofproto->revalidate_set);
 
     list_init(&ofproto->completions);
@@ -771,6 +1120,26 @@ construct(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
     hmap_init(&ofproto->vlandev_map);
     hmap_init(&ofproto->realdev_vid_map);
 
+    sset_init(&ofproto->ports);
+    sset_init(&ofproto->port_poll_set);
+    ofproto->port_poll_errno = 0;
+
+    SHASH_FOR_EACH_SAFE (node, next, &init_ofp_ports) {
+        struct iface_hint *iface_hint = node->data;
+
+        if (!strcmp(iface_hint->br_name, ofproto->up.name)) {
+            /* Check if the datapath already has this port. */
+            if (dpif_port_exists(ofproto->backer->dpif, node->name)) {
+                sset_add(&ofproto->ports, node->name);
+            }
+
+            free(iface_hint->br_name);
+            free(iface_hint->br_type);
+            free(iface_hint);
+            shash_delete(&init_ofp_ports, node);
+        }
+    }
+
     hmap_insert(&all_ofproto_dpifs, &ofproto->all_ofproto_dpifs_node,
                 hash_string(ofproto->up.name, 0));
     memset(&ofproto->stats, 0, sizeof ofproto->stats);
@@ -784,13 +1153,14 @@ construct(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
 
 static int
 add_internal_flow(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, int id,
-                  const struct ofpbuf *actions, struct rule_dpif **rulep)
+                  const struct ofpbuf *ofpacts, struct rule_dpif **rulep)
 {
     struct ofputil_flow_mod fm;
     int error;
 
-    cls_rule_init_catchall(&fm.cr, 0);
-    cls_rule_set_reg(&fm.cr, 0, id);
+    match_init_catchall(&fm.match);
+    fm.priority = 0;
+    match_set_reg(&fm.match, 0, id);
     fm.new_cookie = htonll(0);
     fm.cookie = htonll(0);
     fm.cookie_mask = htonll(0);
@@ -801,8 +1171,8 @@ add_internal_flow(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, int id,
     fm.buffer_id = 0;
     fm.out_port = 0;
     fm.flags = 0;
-    fm.actions = actions->data;
-    fm.n_actions = actions->size / sizeof(union ofp_action);
+    fm.ofpacts = ofpacts->data;
+    fm.ofpacts_len = ofpacts->size;
 
     error = ofproto_flow_mod(&ofproto->up, &fm);
     if (error) {
@@ -811,8 +1181,8 @@ add_internal_flow(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, int id,
         return error;
     }
 
-    *rulep = rule_dpif_lookup__(ofproto, &fm.cr.flow, TBL_INTERNAL);
-    assert(*rulep != NULL);
+    *rulep = rule_dpif_lookup__(ofproto, &fm.match.flow, TBL_INTERNAL);
+    ovs_assert(*rulep != NULL);
 
     return 0;
 }
@@ -820,26 +1190,28 @@ add_internal_flow(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, int id,
 static int
 add_internal_flows(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto)
 {
-    struct nx_action_controller *nac;
-    uint64_t actions_stub[128 / 8];
-    struct ofpbuf actions;
+    struct ofpact_controller *controller;
+    uint64_t ofpacts_stub[128 / 8];
+    struct ofpbuf ofpacts;
     int error;
     int id;
 
-    ofpbuf_use_stack(&actions, actions_stub, sizeof actions_stub);
+    ofpbuf_use_stack(&ofpacts, ofpacts_stub, sizeof ofpacts_stub);
     id = 1;
 
-    nac = ofputil_put_NXAST_CONTROLLER(&actions);
-    nac->max_len = htons(UINT16_MAX);
-    nac->controller_id = htons(0);
-    nac->reason = OFPR_NO_MATCH;
-    error = add_internal_flow(ofproto, id++, &actions, &ofproto->miss_rule);
+    controller = ofpact_put_CONTROLLER(&ofpacts);
+    controller->max_len = UINT16_MAX;
+    controller->controller_id = 0;
+    controller->reason = OFPR_NO_MATCH;
+    ofpact_pad(&ofpacts);
+
+    error = add_internal_flow(ofproto, id++, &ofpacts, &ofproto->miss_rule);
     if (error) {
         return error;
     }
 
-    ofpbuf_clear(&actions);
-    error = add_internal_flow(ofproto, id++, &actions,
+    ofpbuf_clear(&ofpacts);
+    error = add_internal_flow(ofproto, id++, &ofpacts,
                               &ofproto->no_packet_in_rule);
     return error;
 }
@@ -892,32 +1264,22 @@ destruct(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
     hmap_destroy(&ofproto->vlandev_map);
     hmap_destroy(&ofproto->realdev_vid_map);
 
-    dpif_close(ofproto->dpif);
+    sset_destroy(&ofproto->ports);
+    sset_destroy(&ofproto->port_poll_set);
+
+    close_dpif_backer(ofproto->backer);
 }
 
 static int
 run_fast(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
-    unsigned int work;
+    struct ofport_dpif *ofport;
 
-    /* Handle one or more batches of upcalls, until there's nothing left to do
-     * or until we do a fixed total amount of work.
-     *
-     * We do work in batches because it can be much cheaper to set up a number
-     * of flows and fire off their patches all at once.  We do multiple batches
-     * because in some cases handling a packet can cause another packet to be
-     * queued almost immediately as part of the return flow.  Both
-     * optimizations can make major improvements on some benchmarks and
-     * presumably for real traffic as well. */
-    work = 0;
-    while (work < FLOW_MISS_MAX_BATCH) {
-        int retval = handle_upcalls(ofproto, FLOW_MISS_MAX_BATCH - work);
-        if (retval <= 0) {
-            return -retval;
-        }
-        work += retval;
+    HMAP_FOR_EACH (ofport, up.hmap_node, &ofproto->up.ports) {
+        port_run_fast(ofport);
     }
+
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -932,18 +1294,12 @@ run(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
     if (!clogged) {
         complete_operations(ofproto);
     }
-    dpif_run(ofproto->dpif);
 
     error = run_fast(ofproto_);
     if (error) {
         return error;
     }
 
-    if (timer_expired(&ofproto->next_expiration)) {
-        int delay = expire(ofproto);
-        timer_set_duration(&ofproto->next_expiration, delay);
-    }
-
     if (ofproto->netflow) {
         if (netflow_run(ofproto->netflow)) {
             send_netflow_active_timeouts(ofproto);
@@ -970,9 +1326,17 @@ run(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
         bool revalidate_all = ofproto->need_revalidate;
         struct facet *facet;
 
+        switch (ofproto->need_revalidate) {
+        case REV_RECONFIGURE:   COVERAGE_INC(rev_reconfigure);   break;
+        case REV_STP:           COVERAGE_INC(rev_stp);           break;
+        case REV_PORT_TOGGLED:  COVERAGE_INC(rev_port_toggled);  break;
+        case REV_FLOW_TABLE:    COVERAGE_INC(rev_flow_table);    break;
+        case REV_INCONSISTENCY: COVERAGE_INC(rev_inconsistency); break;
+        }
+
         /* Clear the revalidation flags. */
         tag_set_init(&ofproto->revalidate_set);
-        ofproto->need_revalidate = false;
+        ofproto->need_revalidate = 0;
 
         HMAP_FOR_EACH (facet, hmap_node, &ofproto->facets) {
             if (revalidate_all
@@ -990,7 +1354,7 @@ run(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
                              struct facet, hmap_node);
         if (!tag_set_intersects(&ofproto->revalidate_set, facet->tags)) {
             if (!facet_check_consistency(facet)) {
-                ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+                ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_INCONSISTENCY;
             }
         }
     }
@@ -1027,8 +1391,8 @@ wait(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
         poll_immediate_wake();
     }
 
-    dpif_wait(ofproto->dpif);
-    dpif_recv_wait(ofproto->dpif);
+    dpif_wait(ofproto->backer->dpif);
+    dpif_recv_wait(ofproto->backer->dpif);
     if (ofproto->sflow) {
         dpif_sflow_wait(ofproto->sflow);
     }
@@ -1050,8 +1414,6 @@ wait(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
         /* Shouldn't happen, but if it does just go around again. */
         VLOG_DBG_RL(&rl, "need revalidate in ofproto_wait_cb()");
         poll_immediate_wake();
-    } else {
-        timer_wait(&ofproto->next_expiration);
     }
     if (ofproto->governor) {
         governor_wait(ofproto->governor);
@@ -1071,23 +1433,27 @@ static void
 flush(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
-    struct facet *facet, *next_facet;
-
-    HMAP_FOR_EACH_SAFE (facet, next_facet, hmap_node, &ofproto->facets) {
-        /* Mark the facet as not installed so that facet_remove() doesn't
-         * bother trying to uninstall it.  There is no point in uninstalling it
-         * individually since we are about to blow away all the facets with
-         * dpif_flow_flush(). */
-        struct subfacet *subfacet;
+    struct subfacet *subfacet, *next_subfacet;
+    struct subfacet *batch[SUBFACET_DESTROY_MAX_BATCH];
+    int n_batch;
 
-        LIST_FOR_EACH (subfacet, list_node, &facet->subfacets) {
-            subfacet->path = SF_NOT_INSTALLED;
-            subfacet->dp_packet_count = 0;
-            subfacet->dp_byte_count = 0;
+    n_batch = 0;
+    HMAP_FOR_EACH_SAFE (subfacet, next_subfacet, hmap_node,
+                        &ofproto->subfacets) {
+        if (subfacet->path != SF_NOT_INSTALLED) {
+            batch[n_batch++] = subfacet;
+            if (n_batch >= SUBFACET_DESTROY_MAX_BATCH) {
+                subfacet_destroy_batch(ofproto, batch, n_batch);
+                n_batch = 0;
+            }
+        } else {
+            subfacet_destroy(subfacet);
         }
-        facet_remove(facet);
     }
-    dpif_flow_flush(ofproto->dpif);
+
+    if (n_batch > 0) {
+        subfacet_destroy_batch(ofproto, batch, n_batch);
+    }
 }
 
 static void
@@ -1110,17 +1476,17 @@ get_features(struct ofproto *ofproto_ OVS_UNUSED,
 }
 
 static void
-get_tables(struct ofproto *ofproto_, struct ofp_table_stats *ots)
+get_tables(struct ofproto *ofproto_, struct ofp12_table_stats *ots)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
     struct dpif_dp_stats s;
 
     strcpy(ots->name, "classifier");
 
-    dpif_get_dp_stats(ofproto->dpif, &s);
-    put_32aligned_be64(&ots->lookup_count, htonll(s.n_hit + s.n_missed));
-    put_32aligned_be64(&ots->matched_count,
-                       htonll(s.n_hit + ofproto->n_matches));
+    dpif_get_dp_stats(ofproto->backer->dpif, &s);
+
+    ots->lookup_count = htonll(s.n_hit + s.n_missed);
+    ots->matched_count = htonll(s.n_hit + ofproto->n_matches);
 }
 
 static struct ofport *
@@ -1142,9 +1508,10 @@ port_construct(struct ofport *port_)
 {
     struct ofport_dpif *port = ofport_dpif_cast(port_);
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(port->up.ofproto);
+    struct dpif_port dpif_port;
+    int error;
 
-    ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
-    port->odp_port = ofp_port_to_odp_port(port->up.ofp_port);
+    ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
     port->bundle = NULL;
     port->cfm = NULL;
     port->tag = tag_create_random();
@@ -1156,8 +1523,28 @@ port_construct(struct ofport *port_)
     port->vlandev_vid = 0;
     port->carrier_seq = netdev_get_carrier_resets(port->up.netdev);
 
+    error = dpif_port_query_by_name(ofproto->backer->dpif,
+                                    netdev_get_name(port->up.netdev),
+                                    &dpif_port);
+    if (error) {
+        return error;
+    }
+
+    port->odp_port = dpif_port.port_no;
+
+    /* Sanity-check that a mapping doesn't already exist.  This
+     * shouldn't happen. */
+    if (odp_port_to_ofp_port(ofproto, port->odp_port) != OFPP_NONE) {
+        VLOG_ERR("port %s already has an OpenFlow port number\n",
+                 dpif_port.name);
+        return EBUSY;
+    }
+
+    hmap_insert(&ofproto->backer->odp_to_ofport_map, &port->odp_port_node,
+                hash_int(port->odp_port, 0));
+
     if (ofproto->sflow) {
-        dpif_sflow_add_port(ofproto->sflow, port_);
+        dpif_sflow_add_port(ofproto->sflow, port_, port->odp_port);
     }
 
     return 0;
@@ -1168,8 +1555,19 @@ port_destruct(struct ofport *port_)
 {
     struct ofport_dpif *port = ofport_dpif_cast(port_);
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(port->up.ofproto);
+    const char *devname = netdev_get_name(port->up.netdev);
+
+    if (dpif_port_exists(ofproto->backer->dpif, devname)) {
+        /* The underlying device is still there, so delete it.  This
+         * happens when the ofproto is being destroyed, since the caller
+         * assumes that removal of attached ports will happen as part of
+         * destruction. */
+        dpif_port_del(ofproto->backer->dpif, port->odp_port);
+    }
 
-    ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+    sset_find_and_delete(&ofproto->ports, devname);
+    hmap_remove(&ofproto->backer->odp_to_ofport_map, &port->odp_port_node);
+    ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
     bundle_remove(port_);
     set_cfm(port_, NULL);
     if (ofproto->sflow) {
@@ -1200,7 +1598,7 @@ port_reconfigured(struct ofport *port_, enum ofputil_port_config old_config)
     if (changed & (OFPUTIL_PC_NO_RECV | OFPUTIL_PC_NO_RECV_STP |
                    OFPUTIL_PC_NO_FWD | OFPUTIL_PC_NO_FLOOD |
                    OFPUTIL_PC_NO_PACKET_IN)) {
-        ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+        ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
 
         if (changed & OFPUTIL_PC_NO_FLOOD && port->bundle) {
             bundle_update(port->bundle);
@@ -1219,17 +1617,17 @@ set_sflow(struct ofproto *ofproto_,
         if (!ds) {
             struct ofport_dpif *ofport;
 
-            ds = ofproto->sflow = dpif_sflow_create(ofproto->dpif);
+            ds = ofproto->sflow = dpif_sflow_create();
             HMAP_FOR_EACH (ofport, up.hmap_node, &ofproto->up.ports) {
-                dpif_sflow_add_port(ds, &ofport->up);
+                dpif_sflow_add_port(ds, &ofport->up, ofport->odp_port);
             }
-            ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+            ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
         }
         dpif_sflow_set_options(ds, sflow_options);
     } else {
         if (ds) {
             dpif_sflow_destroy(ds);
-            ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+            ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
             ofproto->sflow = NULL;
         }
     }
@@ -1249,7 +1647,7 @@ set_cfm(struct ofport *ofport_, const struct cfm_settings *s)
             struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
 
             ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofport->up.ofproto);
-            ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+            ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
             ofport->cfm = cfm_create(netdev_get_name(ofport->up.netdev));
         }
 
@@ -1272,6 +1670,14 @@ get_cfm_fault(const struct ofport *ofport_)
     return ofport->cfm ? cfm_get_fault(ofport->cfm) : -1;
 }
 
+static int
+get_cfm_opup(const struct ofport *ofport_)
+{
+    struct ofport_dpif *ofport = ofport_dpif_cast(ofport_);
+
+    return ofport->cfm ? cfm_get_opup(ofport->cfm) : -1;
+}
+
 static int
 get_cfm_remote_mpids(const struct ofport *ofport_, const uint64_t **rmps,
                      size_t *n_rmps)
@@ -1329,7 +1735,7 @@ set_stp(struct ofproto *ofproto_, const struct ofproto_stp_settings *s)
 
     /* Only revalidate flows if the configuration changed. */
     if (!s != !ofproto->stp) {
-        ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+        ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
     }
 
     if (s) {
@@ -1402,7 +1808,7 @@ update_stp_port_state(struct ofport_dpif *ofport)
         fwd_change = stp_forward_in_state(ofport->stp_state)
                         != stp_forward_in_state(state);
 
-        ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+        ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_STP;
         ofport->stp_state = state;
         ofport->stp_state_entered = time_msec();
 
@@ -1588,7 +1994,7 @@ set_queues(struct ofport *ofport_,
         uint8_t dscp;
 
         dscp = (qdscp_list[i].dscp << 2) & IP_DSCP_MASK;
-        if (dpif_queue_to_priority(ofproto->dpif, qdscp_list[i].queue,
+        if (dpif_queue_to_priority(ofproto->backer->dpif, qdscp_list[i].queue,
                                    &priority)) {
             continue;
         }
@@ -1600,12 +2006,12 @@ set_queues(struct ofport *ofport_,
             pdscp = xmalloc(sizeof *pdscp);
             pdscp->priority = priority;
             pdscp->dscp = dscp;
-            ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+            ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
         }
 
         if (pdscp->dscp != dscp) {
             pdscp->dscp = dscp;
-            ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+            ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
         }
 
         hmap_insert(&new, &pdscp->hmap_node, hash_int(pdscp->priority, 0));
@@ -1613,7 +2019,7 @@ set_queues(struct ofport *ofport_,
 
     if (!hmap_is_empty(&ofport->priorities)) {
         ofport_clear_priorities(ofport);
-        ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+        ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
     }
 
     hmap_swap(&new, &ofport->priorities);
@@ -1640,7 +2046,7 @@ bundle_flush_macs(struct ofbundle *bundle, bool all_ofprotos)
     struct mac_learning *ml = ofproto->ml;
     struct mac_entry *mac, *next_mac;
 
-    ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+    ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
     LIST_FOR_EACH_SAFE (mac, next_mac, lru_node, &ml->lrus) {
         if (mac->port.p == bundle) {
             if (all_ofprotos) {
@@ -1717,7 +2123,7 @@ bundle_del_port(struct ofport_dpif *port)
 {
     struct ofbundle *bundle = port->bundle;
 
-    bundle->ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+    bundle->ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
 
     list_remove(&port->bundle_node);
     port->bundle = NULL;
@@ -1745,7 +2151,7 @@ bundle_add_port(struct ofbundle *bundle, uint32_t ofp_port,
     }
 
     if (port->bundle != bundle) {
-        bundle->ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+        bundle->ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
         if (port->bundle) {
             bundle_del_port(port);
         }
@@ -1758,7 +2164,7 @@ bundle_add_port(struct ofbundle *bundle, uint32_t ofp_port,
         }
     }
     if (lacp) {
-        port->bundle->ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+        port->bundle->ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
         lacp_slave_register(bundle->lacp, port, lacp);
     }
 
@@ -1786,7 +2192,7 @@ bundle_destroy(struct ofbundle *bundle)
                 mirror_destroy(m);
             } else if (hmapx_find_and_delete(&m->srcs, bundle)
                        || hmapx_find_and_delete(&m->dsts, bundle)) {
-                ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+                ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
             }
         }
     }
@@ -1822,8 +2228,8 @@ bundle_set(struct ofproto *ofproto_, void *aux,
         return 0;
     }
 
-    assert(s->n_slaves == 1 || s->bond != NULL);
-    assert((s->lacp != NULL) == (s->lacp_slaves != NULL));
+    ovs_assert(s->n_slaves == 1 || s->bond != NULL);
+    ovs_assert((s->lacp != NULL) == (s->lacp_slaves != NULL));
 
     bundle = bundle_lookup(ofproto, aux);
     if (!bundle) {
@@ -1858,7 +2264,7 @@ bundle_set(struct ofproto *ofproto_, void *aux,
     /* LACP. */
     if (s->lacp) {
         if (!bundle->lacp) {
-            ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+            ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
             bundle->lacp = lacp_create();
         }
         lacp_configure(bundle->lacp, s->lacp);
@@ -1890,7 +2296,7 @@ bundle_set(struct ofproto *ofproto_, void *aux,
         found: ;
         }
     }
-    assert(list_size(&bundle->ports) <= s->n_slaves);
+    ovs_assert(list_size(&bundle->ports) <= s->n_slaves);
 
     if (list_is_empty(&bundle->ports)) {
         bundle_destroy(bundle);
@@ -1921,7 +2327,7 @@ bundle_set(struct ofproto *ofproto_, void *aux,
         break;
 
     case PORT_VLAN_TRUNK:
-        trunks = (unsigned long *) s->trunks;
+        trunks = CONST_CAST(unsigned long *, s->trunks);
         break;
 
     case PORT_VLAN_NATIVE_UNTAGGED:
@@ -1938,7 +2344,7 @@ bundle_set(struct ofproto *ofproto_, void *aux,
             bitmap_set1(trunks, vlan);
             bitmap_set0(trunks, 0);
         } else {
-            trunks = (unsigned long *) s->trunks;
+            trunks = CONST_CAST(unsigned long *, s->trunks);
         }
         break;
 
@@ -1964,11 +2370,11 @@ bundle_set(struct ofproto *ofproto_, void *aux,
         bundle->ofproto->has_bonded_bundles = true;
         if (bundle->bond) {
             if (bond_reconfigure(bundle->bond, s->bond)) {
-                ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+                ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
             }
         } else {
             bundle->bond = bond_create(s->bond);
-            ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+            ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
         }
 
         LIST_FOR_EACH (port, bundle_node, &bundle->ports) {
@@ -2273,7 +2679,7 @@ mirror_set(struct ofproto *ofproto_, void *aux,
         }
     }
 
-    ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+    ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
     ofproto->has_mirrors = true;
     mac_learning_flush(ofproto->ml, &ofproto->revalidate_set);
     mirror_update_dups(ofproto);
@@ -2294,7 +2700,7 @@ mirror_destroy(struct ofmirror *mirror)
     }
 
     ofproto = mirror->ofproto;
-    ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+    ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
     mac_learning_flush(ofproto->ml, &ofproto->revalidate_set);
 
     mirror_bit = MIRROR_MASK_C(1) << mirror->idx;
@@ -2363,15 +2769,16 @@ static void
 forward_bpdu_changed(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
-    /* Revalidate cached flows whenever forward_bpdu option changes. */
-    ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+    ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
 }
 
 static void
-set_mac_idle_time(struct ofproto *ofproto_, unsigned int idle_time)
+set_mac_table_config(struct ofproto *ofproto_, unsigned int idle_time,
+                     size_t max_entries)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
     mac_learning_set_idle_time(ofproto->ml, idle_time);
+    mac_learning_set_max_entries(ofproto->ml, max_entries);
 }
 \f
 /* Ports. */
@@ -2386,16 +2793,31 @@ get_ofp_port(const struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, uint16_t ofp_port)
 static struct ofport_dpif *
 get_odp_port(const struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, uint32_t odp_port)
 {
-    return get_ofp_port(ofproto, odp_port_to_ofp_port(odp_port));
+    struct ofport_dpif *port = odp_port_to_ofport(ofproto->backer, odp_port);
+    return port && &ofproto->up == port->up.ofproto ? port : NULL;
 }
 
 static void
-ofproto_port_from_dpif_port(struct ofproto_port *ofproto_port,
+ofproto_port_from_dpif_port(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
+                            struct ofproto_port *ofproto_port,
                             struct dpif_port *dpif_port)
 {
     ofproto_port->name = dpif_port->name;
     ofproto_port->type = dpif_port->type;
-    ofproto_port->ofp_port = odp_port_to_ofp_port(dpif_port->port_no);
+    ofproto_port->ofp_port = odp_port_to_ofp_port(ofproto, dpif_port->port_no);
+}
+
+static void
+port_run_fast(struct ofport_dpif *ofport)
+{
+    if (ofport->cfm && cfm_should_send_ccm(ofport->cfm)) {
+        struct ofpbuf packet;
+
+        ofpbuf_init(&packet, 0);
+        cfm_compose_ccm(ofport->cfm, &packet, ofport->up.pp.hw_addr);
+        send_packet(ofport, &packet);
+        ofpbuf_uninit(&packet);
+    }
 }
 
 static void
@@ -2407,20 +2829,16 @@ port_run(struct ofport_dpif *ofport)
 
     ofport->carrier_seq = carrier_seq;
 
+    port_run_fast(ofport);
     if (ofport->cfm) {
-        cfm_run(ofport->cfm);
+        int cfm_opup = cfm_get_opup(ofport->cfm);
 
-        if (cfm_should_send_ccm(ofport->cfm)) {
-            struct ofpbuf packet;
+        cfm_run(ofport->cfm);
+        enable = enable && !cfm_get_fault(ofport->cfm);
 
-            ofpbuf_init(&packet, 0);
-            cfm_compose_ccm(ofport->cfm, &packet, ofport->up.pp.hw_addr);
-            send_packet(ofport, &packet);
-            ofpbuf_uninit(&packet);
+        if (cfm_opup >= 0) {
+            enable = enable && cfm_opup;
         }
-
-        enable = enable && !cfm_get_fault(ofport->cfm)
-            && cfm_get_opup(ofport->cfm);
     }
 
     if (ofport->bundle) {
@@ -2434,7 +2852,7 @@ port_run(struct ofport_dpif *ofport)
         struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofport->up.ofproto);
 
         if (ofproto->has_bundle_action) {
-            ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+            ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_PORT_TOGGLED;
         }
     }
 
@@ -2457,23 +2875,27 @@ port_query_by_name(const struct ofproto *ofproto_, const char *devname,
     struct dpif_port dpif_port;
     int error;
 
-    error = dpif_port_query_by_name(ofproto->dpif, devname, &dpif_port);
+    if (!sset_contains(&ofproto->ports, devname)) {
+        return ENODEV;
+    }
+    error = dpif_port_query_by_name(ofproto->backer->dpif,
+                                    devname, &dpif_port);
     if (!error) {
-        ofproto_port_from_dpif_port(ofproto_port, &dpif_port);
+        ofproto_port_from_dpif_port(ofproto, ofproto_port, &dpif_port);
     }
     return error;
 }
 
 static int
-port_add(struct ofproto *ofproto_, struct netdev *netdev, uint16_t *ofp_portp)
+port_add(struct ofproto *ofproto_, struct netdev *netdev)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
-    uint16_t odp_port;
+    uint32_t odp_port = UINT32_MAX;
     int error;
 
-    error = dpif_port_add(ofproto->dpif, netdev, &odp_port);
+    error = dpif_port_add(ofproto->backer->dpif, netdev, &odp_port);
     if (!error) {
-        *ofp_portp = odp_port_to_ofp_port(odp_port);
+        sset_add(&ofproto->ports, netdev_get_name(netdev));
     }
     return error;
 }
@@ -2482,9 +2904,12 @@ static int
 port_del(struct ofproto *ofproto_, uint16_t ofp_port)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
-    int error;
+    uint32_t odp_port = ofp_port_to_odp_port(ofproto, ofp_port);
+    int error = 0;
 
-    error = dpif_port_del(ofproto->dpif, ofp_port_to_odp_port(ofp_port));
+    if (odp_port != OFPP_NONE) {
+        error = dpif_port_del(ofproto->backer->dpif, odp_port);
+    }
     if (!error) {
         struct ofport_dpif *ofport = get_ofp_port(ofproto, ofp_port);
         if (ofport) {
@@ -2506,7 +2931,7 @@ port_get_stats(const struct ofport *ofport_, struct netdev_stats *stats)
 
     error = netdev_get_stats(ofport->up.netdev, stats);
 
-    if (!error && ofport->odp_port == OVSP_LOCAL) {
+    if (!error && ofport_->ofp_port == OFPP_LOCAL) {
         struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofport->up.ofproto);
 
         /* ofproto->stats.tx_packets represents packets that we created
@@ -2524,7 +2949,7 @@ port_get_stats(const struct ofport *ofport_, struct netdev_stats *stats)
 
         /* ofproto->stats.rx_packets represents packets that were received on
          * some port and we processed internally and dropped (e.g. STP).
-         * Account fro them as if they had been forwarded to OFPP_LOCAL. */
+         * Account for them as if they had been forwarded to OFPP_LOCAL. */
 
         if (stats->tx_packets != UINT64_MAX) {
             stats->tx_packets += ofproto->stats.rx_packets;
@@ -2556,19 +2981,18 @@ ofproto_update_local_port_stats(const struct ofproto *ofproto_,
 }
 
 struct port_dump_state {
-    struct dpif_port_dump dump;
-    bool done;
+    uint32_t bucket;
+    uint32_t offset;
 };
 
 static int
-port_dump_start(const struct ofproto *ofproto_, void **statep)
+port_dump_start(const struct ofproto *ofproto_ OVS_UNUSED, void **statep)
 {
-    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
     struct port_dump_state *state;
 
     *statep = state = xmalloc(sizeof *state);
-    dpif_port_dump_start(&state->dump, ofproto->dpif);
-    state->done = false;
+    state->bucket = 0;
+    state->offset = 0;
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2576,17 +3000,21 @@ static int
 port_dump_next(const struct ofproto *ofproto_ OVS_UNUSED, void *state_,
                struct ofproto_port *port)
 {
+    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
     struct port_dump_state *state = state_;
-    struct dpif_port dpif_port;
+    struct sset_node *node;
 
-    if (dpif_port_dump_next(&state->dump, &dpif_port)) {
-        ofproto_port_from_dpif_port(port, &dpif_port);
-        return 0;
-    } else {
-        int error = dpif_port_dump_done(&state->dump);
-        state->done = true;
-        return error ? error : EOF;
+    while ((node = sset_at_position(&ofproto->ports, &state->bucket,
+                               &state->offset))) {
+        int error;
+
+        error = port_query_by_name(ofproto_, node->name, port);
+        if (error != ENODEV) {
+            return error;
+        }
     }
+
+    return EOF;
 }
 
 static int
@@ -2594,9 +3022,6 @@ port_dump_done(const struct ofproto *ofproto_ OVS_UNUSED, void *state_)
 {
     struct port_dump_state *state = state_;
 
-    if (!state->done) {
-        dpif_port_dump_done(&state->dump);
-    }
     free(state);
     return 0;
 }
@@ -2605,14 +3030,26 @@ static int
 port_poll(const struct ofproto *ofproto_, char **devnamep)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
-    return dpif_port_poll(ofproto->dpif, devnamep);
+
+    if (ofproto->port_poll_errno) {
+        int error = ofproto->port_poll_errno;
+        ofproto->port_poll_errno = 0;
+        return error;
+    }
+
+    if (sset_is_empty(&ofproto->port_poll_set)) {
+        return EAGAIN;
+    }
+
+    *devnamep = sset_pop(&ofproto->port_poll_set);
+    return 0;
 }
 
 static void
 port_poll_wait(const struct ofproto *ofproto_)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
-    dpif_port_poll_wait(ofproto->dpif);
+    dpif_port_poll_wait(ofproto->backer->dpif);
 }
 
 static int
@@ -2637,6 +3074,7 @@ port_is_lacp_current(const struct ofport *ofport_)
  * It's possible to batch more than that, but the benefit might be minimal. */
 struct flow_miss {
     struct hmap_node hmap_node;
+    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
     struct flow flow;
     enum odp_key_fitness key_fitness;
     const struct nlattr *key;
@@ -2644,6 +3082,7 @@ struct flow_miss {
     ovs_be16 initial_tci;
     struct list packets;
     enum dpif_upcall_type upcall_type;
+    uint32_t odp_in_port;
 };
 
 struct flow_miss_op {
@@ -2674,9 +3113,6 @@ send_packet_in_miss(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, const struct ofpbuf *packet,
 
     flow_get_metadata(flow, &pin.fmd);
 
-    /* Registers aren't meaningful on a miss. */
-    memset(pin.fmd.reg_masks, 0, sizeof pin.fmd.reg_masks);
-
     connmgr_send_packet_in(ofproto->up.connmgr, &pin);
 }
 
@@ -2810,6 +3246,7 @@ handle_flow_miss_without_facet(struct flow_miss *miss,
                                struct flow_miss_op *ops, size_t *n_ops)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(rule->up.ofproto);
+    long long int now = time_msec();
     struct action_xlate_ctx ctx;
     struct ofpbuf *packet;
 
@@ -2822,13 +3259,13 @@ handle_flow_miss_without_facet(struct flow_miss *miss,
 
         ofpbuf_use_stub(&odp_actions, op->stub, sizeof op->stub);
 
-        dpif_flow_stats_extract(&miss->flow, packet, &stats);
+        dpif_flow_stats_extract(&miss->flow, packet, now, &stats);
         rule_credit_stats(rule, &stats);
 
         action_xlate_ctx_init(&ctx, ofproto, &miss->flow, miss->initial_tci,
                               rule, 0, packet);
         ctx.resubmit_stats = &stats;
-        xlate_actions(&ctx, rule->up.actions, rule->up.n_actions,
+        xlate_actions(&ctx, rule->up.ofpacts, rule->up.ofpacts_len,
                       &odp_actions);
 
         if (odp_actions.size) {
@@ -2847,9 +3284,17 @@ handle_flow_miss_without_facet(struct flow_miss *miss,
 }
 
 /* Handles 'miss', which matches 'facet'.  May add any required datapath
- * operations to 'ops', incrementing '*n_ops' for each new op. */
+ * operations to 'ops', incrementing '*n_ops' for each new op.
+ *
+ * All of the packets in 'miss' are considered to have arrived at time 'now'.
+ * This is really important only for new facets: if we just called time_msec()
+ * here, then the new subfacet or its packets could look (occasionally) as
+ * though it was used some time after the facet was used.  That can make a
+ * one-packet flow look like it has a nonzero duration, which looks odd in
+ * e.g. NetFlow statistics. */
 static void
 handle_flow_miss_with_facet(struct flow_miss *miss, struct facet *facet,
+                            long long int now,
                             struct flow_miss_op *ops, size_t *n_ops)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(facet->rule->up.ofproto);
@@ -2857,9 +3302,7 @@ handle_flow_miss_with_facet(struct flow_miss *miss, struct facet *facet,
     struct subfacet *subfacet;
     struct ofpbuf *packet;
 
-    subfacet = subfacet_create(facet,
-                               miss->key_fitness, miss->key, miss->key_len,
-                               miss->initial_tci);
+    subfacet = subfacet_create(facet, miss, now);
 
     LIST_FOR_EACH (packet, list_node, &miss->packets) {
         struct flow_miss_op *op = &ops[*n_ops];
@@ -2873,7 +3316,7 @@ handle_flow_miss_with_facet(struct flow_miss *miss, struct facet *facet,
             subfacet_make_actions(subfacet, packet, &odp_actions);
         }
 
-        dpif_flow_stats_extract(&facet->flow, packet, &stats);
+        dpif_flow_stats_extract(&facet->flow, packet, now, &stats);
         subfacet_update_stats(subfacet, &stats);
 
         if (subfacet->actions_len) {
@@ -2920,13 +3363,15 @@ handle_flow_miss_with_facet(struct flow_miss *miss, struct facet *facet,
     }
 }
 
-/* Handles flow miss 'miss' on 'ofproto'.  May add any required datapath
- * operations to 'ops', incrementing '*n_ops' for each new op. */
+/* Handles flow miss 'miss'.  May add any required datapath operations
+ * to 'ops', incrementing '*n_ops' for each new op. */
 static void
-handle_flow_miss(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, struct flow_miss *miss,
-                 struct flow_miss_op *ops, size_t *n_ops)
+handle_flow_miss(struct flow_miss *miss, struct flow_miss_op *ops,
+                 size_t *n_ops)
 {
+    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = miss->ofproto;
     struct facet *facet;
+    long long int now;
     uint32_t hash;
 
     /* The caller must ensure that miss->hmap_node.hash contains
@@ -2943,41 +3388,75 @@ handle_flow_miss(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, struct flow_miss *miss,
         }
 
         facet = facet_create(rule, &miss->flow, hash);
+        now = facet->used;
+    } else {
+        now = time_msec();
     }
-    handle_flow_miss_with_facet(miss, facet, ops, n_ops);
+    handle_flow_miss_with_facet(miss, facet, now, ops, n_ops);
 }
 
-/* Like odp_flow_key_to_flow(), this function converts the 'key_len' bytes of
- * OVS_KEY_ATTR_* attributes in 'key' to a flow structure in 'flow' and returns
- * an ODP_FIT_* value that indicates how well 'key' fits our expectations for
- * what a flow key should contain.
+/* Given a datpath, packet, and flow metadata ('backer', 'packet', and 'key'
+ * respectively), populates 'flow' with the result of odp_flow_key_to_flow().
+ * Optionally, if nonnull, populates 'fitnessp' with the fitness of 'flow' as
+ * returned by odp_flow_key_to_flow().  Also, optionally populates 'ofproto'
+ * with the ofproto_dpif, and 'odp_in_port' with the datapath in_port, that
+ * 'packet' ingressed.
  *
- * This function also includes some logic to help make VLAN splinters
- * transparent to the rest of the upcall processing logic.  In particular, if
- * the extracted in_port is a VLAN splinter port, it replaces flow->in_port by
- * the "real" port, sets flow->vlan_tci correctly for the VLAN of the VLAN
- * splinter port, and pushes a VLAN header onto 'packet' (if it is nonnull).
+ * If 'ofproto' is nonnull, requires 'flow''s in_port to exist.  Otherwise sets
+ * 'flow''s in_port to OFPP_NONE.
  *
- * Sets '*initial_tci' to the VLAN TCI with which the packet was really
- * received, that is, the actual VLAN TCI extracted by odp_flow_key_to_flow().
- * (This differs from the value returned in flow->vlan_tci only for packets
- * received on VLAN splinters.)
- */
-static enum odp_key_fitness
-ofproto_dpif_extract_flow_key(const struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
-                              const struct nlattr *key, size_t key_len,
-                              struct flow *flow, ovs_be16 *initial_tci,
-                              struct ofpbuf *packet)
+ * This function does post-processing on data returned from
+ * odp_flow_key_to_flow() to help make VLAN splinters transparent to the rest
+ * of the upcall processing logic.  In particular, if the extracted in_port is
+ * a VLAN splinter port, it replaces flow->in_port by the "real" port, sets
+ * flow->vlan_tci correctly for the VLAN of the VLAN splinter port, and pushes
+ * a VLAN header onto 'packet' (if it is nonnull).
+ *
+ * Optionally, if nonnull, sets '*initial_tci' to the VLAN TCI with which the
+ * packet was really received, that is, the actual VLAN TCI extracted by
+ * odp_flow_key_to_flow().  (This differs from the value returned in
+ * flow->vlan_tci only for packets received on VLAN splinters.)
+ *
+ * Returns 0 if successful, ENODEV if the parsed flow has no associated ofport,
+ * or some other positive errno if there are other problems. */
+static int
+ofproto_receive(const struct dpif_backer *backer, struct ofpbuf *packet,
+                const struct nlattr *key, size_t key_len,
+                struct flow *flow, enum odp_key_fitness *fitnessp,
+                struct ofproto_dpif **ofproto, uint32_t *odp_in_port,
+                ovs_be16 *initial_tci)
 {
+    const struct ofport_dpif *port;
     enum odp_key_fitness fitness;
+    int error;
 
     fitness = odp_flow_key_to_flow(key, key_len, flow);
     if (fitness == ODP_FIT_ERROR) {
-        return fitness;
+        error = EINVAL;
+        goto exit;
+    }
+
+    if (initial_tci) {
+        *initial_tci = flow->vlan_tci;
+    }
+
+    if (odp_in_port) {
+        *odp_in_port = flow->in_port;
+    }
+
+    port = odp_port_to_ofport(backer, flow->in_port);
+    if (!port) {
+        flow->in_port = OFPP_NONE;
+        error = ofproto ? ENODEV : 0;
+        goto exit;
+    }
+
+    if (ofproto) {
+        *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(port->up.ofproto);
     }
-    *initial_tci = flow->vlan_tci;
 
-    if (vsp_adjust_flow(ofproto, flow)) {
+    flow->in_port = port->up.ofp_port;
+    if (vsp_adjust_flow(ofproto_dpif_cast(port->up.ofproto), flow)) {
         if (packet) {
             /* Make the packet resemble the flow, so that it gets sent to an
              * OpenFlow controller properly, so that it looks correct for
@@ -3001,12 +3480,17 @@ ofproto_dpif_extract_flow_key(const struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
             fitness = ODP_FIT_TOO_MUCH;
         }
     }
+    error = 0;
 
-    return fitness;
+exit:
+    if (fitnessp) {
+        *fitnessp = fitness;
+    }
+    return error;
 }
 
 static void
-handle_miss_upcalls(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, struct dpif_upcall *upcalls,
+handle_miss_upcalls(struct dpif_backer *backer, struct dpif_upcall *upcalls,
                     size_t n_upcalls)
 {
     struct dpif_upcall *upcall;
@@ -3033,27 +3517,39 @@ handle_miss_upcalls(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, struct dpif_upcall *upcalls,
     for (upcall = upcalls; upcall < &upcalls[n_upcalls]; upcall++) {
         struct flow_miss *miss = &misses[n_misses];
         struct flow_miss *existing_miss;
+        struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
+        uint32_t odp_in_port;
+        struct flow flow;
         uint32_t hash;
+        int error;
 
-        /* Obtain metadata and check userspace/kernel agreement on flow match,
-         * then set 'flow''s header pointers. */
-        miss->key_fitness = ofproto_dpif_extract_flow_key(
-            ofproto, upcall->key, upcall->key_len,
-            &miss->flow, &miss->initial_tci, upcall->packet);
-        if (miss->key_fitness == ODP_FIT_ERROR) {
+        error = ofproto_receive(backer, upcall->packet, upcall->key,
+                                upcall->key_len, &flow, &miss->key_fitness,
+                                &ofproto, &odp_in_port, &miss->initial_tci);
+        if (error == ENODEV) {
+            /* Received packet on port for which we couldn't associate
+             * an ofproto.  This can happen if a port is removed while
+             * traffic is being received.  Print a rate-limited message
+             * in case it happens frequently. */
+            VLOG_INFO_RL(&rl, "received packet on unassociated port %"PRIu32,
+                         flow.in_port);
+        }
+        if (error) {
             continue;
         }
-        flow_extract(upcall->packet, miss->flow.skb_priority,
-                     miss->flow.tun_id, miss->flow.in_port, &miss->flow);
+        flow_extract(upcall->packet, flow.skb_priority, flow.skb_mark,
+                     &flow.tunnel, flow.in_port, &miss->flow);
 
         /* Add other packets to a to-do list. */
         hash = flow_hash(&miss->flow, 0);
         existing_miss = flow_miss_find(&todo, &miss->flow, hash);
         if (!existing_miss) {
             hmap_insert(&todo, &miss->hmap_node, hash);
+            miss->ofproto = ofproto;
             miss->key = upcall->key;
             miss->key_len = upcall->key_len;
             miss->upcall_type = upcall->type;
+            miss->odp_in_port = odp_in_port;
             list_init(&miss->packets);
 
             n_misses++;
@@ -3067,15 +3563,15 @@ handle_miss_upcalls(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, struct dpif_upcall *upcalls,
      * operations to batch. */
     n_ops = 0;
     HMAP_FOR_EACH (miss, hmap_node, &todo) {
-        handle_flow_miss(ofproto, miss, flow_miss_ops, &n_ops);
+        handle_flow_miss(miss, flow_miss_ops, &n_ops);
     }
-    assert(n_ops <= ARRAY_SIZE(flow_miss_ops));
+    ovs_assert(n_ops <= ARRAY_SIZE(flow_miss_ops));
 
     /* Execute batch. */
     for (i = 0; i < n_ops; i++) {
         dpif_ops[i] = &flow_miss_ops[i].dpif_op;
     }
-    dpif_operate(ofproto->dpif, dpif_ops, n_ops);
+    dpif_operate(backer->dpif, dpif_ops, n_ops);
 
     /* Free memory and update facets. */
     for (i = 0; i < n_ops; i++) {
@@ -3136,27 +3632,27 @@ classify_upcall(const struct dpif_upcall *upcall)
 }
 
 static void
-handle_sflow_upcall(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
+handle_sflow_upcall(struct dpif_backer *backer,
                     const struct dpif_upcall *upcall)
 {
+    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
     union user_action_cookie cookie;
-    enum odp_key_fitness fitness;
-    ovs_be16 initial_tci;
     struct flow flow;
+    uint32_t odp_in_port;
 
-    fitness = ofproto_dpif_extract_flow_key(ofproto, upcall->key,
-                                            upcall->key_len, &flow,
-                                            &initial_tci, upcall->packet);
-    if (fitness == ODP_FIT_ERROR) {
+    if (ofproto_receive(backer, upcall->packet, upcall->key, upcall->key_len,
+                        &flow, NULL, &ofproto, &odp_in_port, NULL)
+        || !ofproto->sflow) {
         return;
     }
 
     memcpy(&cookie, &upcall->userdata, sizeof(cookie));
-    dpif_sflow_received(ofproto->sflow, upcall->packet, &flow, &cookie);
+    dpif_sflow_received(ofproto->sflow, upcall->packet, &flow,
+                        odp_in_port, &cookie);
 }
 
 static int
-handle_upcalls(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, unsigned int max_batch)
+handle_upcalls(struct dpif_backer *backer, unsigned int max_batch)
 {
     struct dpif_upcall misses[FLOW_MISS_MAX_BATCH];
     struct ofpbuf miss_bufs[FLOW_MISS_MAX_BATCH];
@@ -3165,7 +3661,7 @@ handle_upcalls(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, unsigned int max_batch)
     int n_misses;
     int i;
 
-    assert(max_batch <= FLOW_MISS_MAX_BATCH);
+    ovs_assert(max_batch <= FLOW_MISS_MAX_BATCH);
 
     n_misses = 0;
     for (n_processed = 0; n_processed < max_batch; n_processed++) {
@@ -3175,7 +3671,7 @@ handle_upcalls(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, unsigned int max_batch)
 
         ofpbuf_use_stub(buf, miss_buf_stubs[n_misses],
                         sizeof miss_buf_stubs[n_misses]);
-        error = dpif_recv(ofproto->dpif, upcall, buf);
+        error = dpif_recv(backer->dpif, upcall, buf);
         if (error) {
             ofpbuf_uninit(buf);
             break;
@@ -3188,9 +3684,7 @@ handle_upcalls(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, unsigned int max_batch)
             break;
 
         case SFLOW_UPCALL:
-            if (ofproto->sflow) {
-                handle_sflow_upcall(ofproto, upcall);
-            }
+            handle_sflow_upcall(backer, upcall);
             ofpbuf_uninit(buf);
             break;
 
@@ -3201,7 +3695,7 @@ handle_upcalls(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, unsigned int max_batch)
     }
 
     /* Handle deferred MISS_UPCALL processing. */
-    handle_miss_upcalls(ofproto, misses, n_misses);
+    handle_miss_upcalls(backer, misses, n_misses);
     for (i = 0; i < n_misses; i++) {
         ofpbuf_uninit(&miss_bufs[i]);
     }
@@ -3212,7 +3706,7 @@ handle_upcalls(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, unsigned int max_batch)
 /* Flow expiration. */
 
 static int subfacet_max_idle(const struct ofproto_dpif *);
-static void update_stats(struct ofproto_dpif *);
+static void update_stats(struct dpif_backer *);
 static void rule_expire(struct rule_dpif *);
 static void expire_subfacets(struct ofproto_dpif *, int dp_max_idle);
 
@@ -3223,42 +3717,54 @@ static void expire_subfacets(struct ofproto_dpif *, int dp_max_idle);
  *
  * Returns the number of milliseconds after which it should be called again. */
 static int
-expire(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto)
+expire(struct dpif_backer *backer)
 {
-    struct rule_dpif *rule, *next_rule;
-    struct oftable *table;
-    int dp_max_idle;
+    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
+    int max_idle = INT32_MAX;
 
-    /* Update stats for each flow in the datapath. */
-    update_stats(ofproto);
+    /* Update stats for each flow in the backer. */
+    update_stats(backer);
 
-    /* Expire subfacets that have been idle too long. */
-    dp_max_idle = subfacet_max_idle(ofproto);
-    expire_subfacets(ofproto, dp_max_idle);
+    HMAP_FOR_EACH (ofproto, all_ofproto_dpifs_node, &all_ofproto_dpifs) {
+        struct rule_dpif *rule, *next_rule;
+        struct oftable *table;
+        int dp_max_idle;
 
-    /* Expire OpenFlow flows whose idle_timeout or hard_timeout has passed. */
-    OFPROTO_FOR_EACH_TABLE (table, &ofproto->up) {
-        struct cls_cursor cursor;
+        if (ofproto->backer != backer) {
+            continue;
+        }
 
-        cls_cursor_init(&cursor, &table->cls, NULL);
-        CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH_SAFE (rule, next_rule, up.cr, &cursor) {
-            rule_expire(rule);
+        /* Expire subfacets that have been idle too long. */
+        dp_max_idle = subfacet_max_idle(ofproto);
+        expire_subfacets(ofproto, dp_max_idle);
+
+        max_idle = MIN(max_idle, dp_max_idle);
+
+        /* Expire OpenFlow flows whose idle_timeout or hard_timeout
+         * has passed. */
+        OFPROTO_FOR_EACH_TABLE (table, &ofproto->up) {
+            struct cls_cursor cursor;
+
+            cls_cursor_init(&cursor, &table->cls, NULL);
+            CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH_SAFE (rule, next_rule, up.cr, &cursor) {
+                rule_expire(rule);
+            }
         }
-    }
 
-    /* All outstanding data in existing flows has been accounted, so it's a
-     * good time to do bond rebalancing. */
-    if (ofproto->has_bonded_bundles) {
-        struct ofbundle *bundle;
+        /* All outstanding data in existing flows has been accounted, so it's a
+         * good time to do bond rebalancing. */
+        if (ofproto->has_bonded_bundles) {
+            struct ofbundle *bundle;
 
-        HMAP_FOR_EACH (bundle, hmap_node, &ofproto->bundles) {
-            if (bundle->bond) {
-                bond_rebalance(bundle->bond, &ofproto->revalidate_set);
+            HMAP_FOR_EACH (bundle, hmap_node, &ofproto->bundles) {
+                if (bundle->bond) {
+                    bond_rebalance(bundle->bond, &ofproto->revalidate_set);
+                }
             }
         }
     }
 
-    return MIN(dp_max_idle, 1000);
+    return MIN(max_idle, 1000);
 }
 
 /* Updates flow table statistics given that the datapath just reported 'stats'
@@ -3299,7 +3805,7 @@ update_subfacet_stats(struct subfacet *subfacet,
 /* 'key' with length 'key_len' bytes is a flow in 'dpif' that we know nothing
  * about, or a flow that shouldn't be installed but was anyway.  Delete it. */
 static void
-delete_unexpected_flow(struct dpif *dpif,
+delete_unexpected_flow(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
                        const struct nlattr *key, size_t key_len)
 {
     if (!VLOG_DROP_WARN(&rl)) {
@@ -3307,12 +3813,12 @@ delete_unexpected_flow(struct dpif *dpif,
 
         ds_init(&s);
         odp_flow_key_format(key, key_len, &s);
-        VLOG_WARN("unexpected flow from datapath %s", ds_cstr(&s));
+        VLOG_WARN("unexpected flow on %s: %s", ofproto->up.name, ds_cstr(&s));
         ds_destroy(&s);
     }
 
     COVERAGE_INC(facet_unexpected);
-    dpif_flow_del(dpif, key, key_len, NULL);
+    dpif_flow_del(ofproto->backer->dpif, key, key_len, NULL);
 }
 
 /* Update 'packet_count', 'byte_count', and 'used' members of installed facets.
@@ -3327,18 +3833,41 @@ delete_unexpected_flow(struct dpif *dpif,
  * datapath do not justify the benefit of having perfectly accurate statistics.
  */
 static void
-update_stats(struct ofproto_dpif *p)
+update_stats(struct dpif_backer *backer)
 {
     const struct dpif_flow_stats *stats;
     struct dpif_flow_dump dump;
     const struct nlattr *key;
     size_t key_len;
 
-    dpif_flow_dump_start(&dump, p->dpif);
+    dpif_flow_dump_start(&dump, backer->dpif);
     while (dpif_flow_dump_next(&dump, &key, &key_len, NULL, NULL, &stats)) {
+        struct flow flow;
         struct subfacet *subfacet;
+        enum odp_key_fitness fitness;
+        struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
+        struct ofport_dpif *port;
+        uint32_t key_hash;
+
+        fitness = odp_flow_key_to_flow(key, key_len, &flow);
+        if (fitness == ODP_FIT_ERROR) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        port = odp_port_to_ofport(backer, flow.in_port);
+        if (!port) {
+            /* This flow is for a port for which we couldn't associate an
+             * ofproto.  This can happen if a port is removed while
+             * traffic is being received.  Ignore this flow, since it
+             * will get timed out. */
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(port->up.ofproto);
+        flow.in_port = port->up.ofp_port;
+        key_hash = odp_flow_key_hash(key, key_len);
 
-        subfacet = subfacet_find(p, key, key_len);
+        subfacet = subfacet_find(ofproto, key, key_len, key_hash, &flow);
         switch (subfacet ? subfacet->path : SF_NOT_INSTALLED) {
         case SF_FAST_PATH:
             update_subfacet_stats(subfacet, stats);
@@ -3350,7 +3879,7 @@ update_stats(struct ofproto_dpif *p)
 
         case SF_NOT_INSTALLED:
         default:
-            delete_unexpected_flow(p->dpif, key, key_len);
+            delete_unexpected_flow(ofproto, key, key_len);
             break;
         }
     }
@@ -3445,35 +3974,6 @@ subfacet_max_idle(const struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto)
     return bucket * BUCKET_WIDTH;
 }
 
-enum { EXPIRE_MAX_BATCH = 50 };
-
-static void
-expire_batch(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, struct subfacet **subfacets, int n)
-{
-    struct odputil_keybuf keybufs[EXPIRE_MAX_BATCH];
-    struct dpif_op ops[EXPIRE_MAX_BATCH];
-    struct dpif_op *opsp[EXPIRE_MAX_BATCH];
-    struct ofpbuf keys[EXPIRE_MAX_BATCH];
-    struct dpif_flow_stats stats[EXPIRE_MAX_BATCH];
-    int i;
-
-    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-        ops[i].type = DPIF_OP_FLOW_DEL;
-        subfacet_get_key(subfacets[i], &keybufs[i], &keys[i]);
-        ops[i].u.flow_del.key = keys[i].data;
-        ops[i].u.flow_del.key_len = keys[i].size;
-        ops[i].u.flow_del.stats = &stats[i];
-        opsp[i] = &ops[i];
-    }
-
-    dpif_operate(ofproto->dpif, opsp, n);
-    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-        subfacet_reset_dp_stats(subfacets[i], &stats[i]);
-        subfacets[i]->path = SF_NOT_INSTALLED;
-        subfacet_destroy(subfacets[i]);
-    }
-}
-
 static void
 expire_subfacets(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, int dp_max_idle)
 {
@@ -3485,7 +3985,7 @@ expire_subfacets(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, int dp_max_idle)
     long long int special_cutoff = time_msec() - 10000;
 
     struct subfacet *subfacet, *next_subfacet;
-    struct subfacet *batch[EXPIRE_MAX_BATCH];
+    struct subfacet *batch[SUBFACET_DESTROY_MAX_BATCH];
     int n_batch;
 
     n_batch = 0;
@@ -3499,8 +3999,8 @@ expire_subfacets(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, int dp_max_idle)
         if (subfacet->used < cutoff) {
             if (subfacet->path != SF_NOT_INSTALLED) {
                 batch[n_batch++] = subfacet;
-                if (n_batch >= EXPIRE_MAX_BATCH) {
-                    expire_batch(ofproto, batch, n_batch);
+                if (n_batch >= SUBFACET_DESTROY_MAX_BATCH) {
+                    subfacet_destroy_batch(ofproto, batch, n_batch);
                     n_batch = 0;
                 }
             } else {
@@ -3510,7 +4010,7 @@ expire_subfacets(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, int dp_max_idle)
     }
 
     if (n_batch > 0) {
-        expire_batch(ofproto, batch, n_batch);
+        subfacet_destroy_batch(ofproto, batch, n_batch);
     }
 }
 
@@ -3523,6 +4023,11 @@ rule_expire(struct rule_dpif *rule)
     long long int now;
     uint8_t reason;
 
+    if (rule->up.pending) {
+        /* We'll have to expire it later. */
+        return;
+    }
+
     /* Has 'rule' expired? */
     now = time_msec();
     if (rule->up.hard_timeout
@@ -3598,9 +4103,10 @@ execute_odp_actions(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, const struct flow *flow,
     int error;
 
     ofpbuf_use_stack(&key, &keybuf, sizeof keybuf);
-    odp_flow_key_from_flow(&key, flow);
+    odp_flow_key_from_flow(&key, flow,
+                           ofp_port_to_odp_port(ofproto, flow->in_port));
 
-    error = dpif_execute(ofproto->dpif, key.data, key.size,
+    error = dpif_execute(ofproto->backer->dpif, key.data, key.size,
                          odp_actions, actions_len, packet);
 
     ofpbuf_delete(packet);
@@ -3620,7 +4126,7 @@ facet_remove(struct facet *facet)
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(facet->rule->up.ofproto);
     struct subfacet *subfacet, *next_subfacet;
 
-    assert(!list_is_empty(&facet->subfacets));
+    ovs_assert(!list_is_empty(&facet->subfacets));
 
     /* First uninstall all of the subfacets to get final statistics. */
     LIST_FOR_EACH (subfacet, list_node, &facet->subfacets) {
@@ -3663,8 +4169,8 @@ facet_learn(struct facet *facet)
                           facet->flow.vlan_tci,
                           facet->rule, facet->tcp_flags, NULL);
     ctx.may_learn = true;
-    xlate_actions_for_side_effects(&ctx, facet->rule->up.actions,
-                                   facet->rule->up.n_actions);
+    xlate_actions_for_side_effects(&ctx, facet->rule->up.ofpacts,
+                                   facet->rule->up.ofpacts_len);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -3725,10 +4231,18 @@ facet_account(struct facet *facet)
 static bool
 facet_is_controller_flow(struct facet *facet)
 {
-    return (facet
-            && facet->rule->up.n_actions == 1
-            && action_outputs_to_port(&facet->rule->up.actions[0],
-                                      htons(OFPP_CONTROLLER)));
+    if (facet) {
+        const struct rule *rule = &facet->rule->up;
+        const struct ofpact *ofpacts = rule->ofpacts;
+        size_t ofpacts_len = rule->ofpacts_len;
+
+        if (ofpacts_len > 0 &&
+            ofpacts->type == OFPACT_CONTROLLER &&
+            ofpact_next(ofpacts) >= ofpact_end(ofpacts, ofpacts_len)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
 }
 
 /* Folds all of 'facet''s statistics into its rule.  Also updates the
@@ -3742,8 +4256,8 @@ facet_flush_stats(struct facet *facet)
     struct subfacet *subfacet;
 
     LIST_FOR_EACH (subfacet, list_node, &facet->subfacets) {
-        assert(!subfacet->dp_byte_count);
-        assert(!subfacet->dp_packet_count);
+        ovs_assert(!subfacet->dp_byte_count);
+        ovs_assert(!subfacet->dp_packet_count);
     }
 
     facet_push_stats(facet);
@@ -3903,7 +4417,7 @@ facet_check_consistency(struct facet *facet)
 
         action_xlate_ctx_init(&ctx, ofproto, &facet->flow,
                               subfacet->initial_tci, rule, 0, NULL);
-        xlate_actions(&ctx, rule->up.actions, rule->up.n_actions,
+        xlate_actions(&ctx, rule->up.ofpacts, rule->up.ofpacts_len,
                       &odp_actions);
 
         if (subfacet->path == SF_NOT_INSTALLED) {
@@ -4013,7 +4527,7 @@ facet_revalidate(struct facet *facet)
 
         action_xlate_ctx_init(&ctx, ofproto, &facet->flow,
                               subfacet->initial_tci, new_rule, 0, NULL);
-        xlate_actions(&ctx, new_rule->up.actions, new_rule->up.n_actions,
+        xlate_actions(&ctx, new_rule->up.ofpacts, new_rule->up.ofpacts_len,
                       &odp_actions);
 
         slow = (subfacet->slow & SLOW_MATCH) | ctx.slow;
@@ -4100,9 +4614,9 @@ facet_push_stats(struct facet *facet)
 {
     struct dpif_flow_stats stats;
 
-    assert(facet->packet_count >= facet->prev_packet_count);
-    assert(facet->byte_count >= facet->prev_byte_count);
-    assert(facet->used >= facet->prev_used);
+    ovs_assert(facet->packet_count >= facet->prev_packet_count);
+    ovs_assert(facet->byte_count >= facet->prev_byte_count);
+    ovs_assert(facet->used >= facet->prev_used);
 
     stats.n_packets = facet->packet_count - facet->prev_packet_count;
     stats.n_bytes = facet->byte_count - facet->prev_byte_count;
@@ -4143,15 +4657,16 @@ flow_push_stats(struct rule_dpif *rule,
     action_xlate_ctx_init(&ctx, ofproto, flow, flow->vlan_tci, rule,
                           0, NULL);
     ctx.resubmit_stats = stats;
-    xlate_actions_for_side_effects(&ctx, rule->up.actions, rule->up.n_actions);
+    xlate_actions_for_side_effects(&ctx, rule->up.ofpacts,
+                                   rule->up.ofpacts_len);
 }
 \f
 /* Subfacets. */
 
 static struct subfacet *
-subfacet_find__(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
-                const struct nlattr *key, size_t key_len, uint32_t key_hash,
-                const struct flow *flow)
+subfacet_find(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
+              const struct nlattr *key, size_t key_len, uint32_t key_hash,
+              const struct flow *flow)
 {
     struct subfacet *subfacet;
 
@@ -4169,34 +4684,44 @@ subfacet_find__(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
 }
 
 /* Searches 'facet' (within 'ofproto') for a subfacet with the specified
- * 'key_fitness', 'key', and 'key_len'.  Returns the existing subfacet if
- * there is one, otherwise creates and returns a new subfacet.
+ * 'key_fitness', 'key', and 'key_len' members in 'miss'.  Returns the
+ * existing subfacet if there is one, otherwise creates and returns a
+ * new subfacet.
  *
  * If the returned subfacet is new, then subfacet->actions will be NULL, in
  * which case the caller must populate the actions with
  * subfacet_make_actions(). */
 static struct subfacet *
-subfacet_create(struct facet *facet, enum odp_key_fitness key_fitness,
-                const struct nlattr *key, size_t key_len, ovs_be16 initial_tci)
+subfacet_create(struct facet *facet, struct flow_miss *miss,
+                long long int now)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(facet->rule->up.ofproto);
-    uint32_t key_hash = odp_flow_key_hash(key, key_len);
+    enum odp_key_fitness key_fitness = miss->key_fitness;
+    const struct nlattr *key = miss->key;
+    size_t key_len = miss->key_len;
+    uint32_t key_hash;
     struct subfacet *subfacet;
 
-    subfacet = subfacet_find__(ofproto, key, key_len, key_hash, &facet->flow);
-    if (subfacet) {
-        if (subfacet->facet == facet) {
-            return subfacet;
+    key_hash = odp_flow_key_hash(key, key_len);
+
+    if (list_is_empty(&facet->subfacets)) {
+        subfacet = &facet->one_subfacet;
+    } else {
+        subfacet = subfacet_find(ofproto, key, key_len, key_hash,
+                                 &facet->flow);
+        if (subfacet) {
+            if (subfacet->facet == facet) {
+                return subfacet;
+            }
+
+            /* This shouldn't happen. */
+            VLOG_ERR_RL(&rl, "subfacet with wrong facet");
+            subfacet_destroy(subfacet);
         }
 
-        /* This shouldn't happen. */
-        VLOG_ERR_RL(&rl, "subfacet with wrong facet");
-        subfacet_destroy(subfacet);
+        subfacet = xmalloc(sizeof *subfacet);
     }
 
-    subfacet = (list_is_empty(&facet->subfacets)
-                ? &facet->one_subfacet
-                : xmalloc(sizeof *subfacet));
     hmap_insert(&ofproto->subfacets, &subfacet->hmap_node, key_hash);
     list_push_back(&facet->subfacets, &subfacet->list_node);
     subfacet->facet = facet;
@@ -4208,7 +4733,7 @@ subfacet_create(struct facet *facet, enum odp_key_fitness key_fitness,
         subfacet->key = NULL;
         subfacet->key_len = 0;
     }
-    subfacet->used = time_msec();
+    subfacet->used = now;
     subfacet->dp_packet_count = 0;
     subfacet->dp_byte_count = 0;
     subfacet->actions_len = 0;
@@ -4217,29 +4742,12 @@ subfacet_create(struct facet *facet, enum odp_key_fitness key_fitness,
                       ? SLOW_MATCH
                       : 0);
     subfacet->path = SF_NOT_INSTALLED;
-    subfacet->initial_tci = initial_tci;
+    subfacet->initial_tci = miss->initial_tci;
+    subfacet->odp_in_port = miss->odp_in_port;
 
     return subfacet;
 }
 
-/* Searches 'ofproto' for a subfacet with the given 'key', 'key_len', and
- * 'flow'.  Returns the subfacet if one exists, otherwise NULL. */
-static struct subfacet *
-subfacet_find(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
-              const struct nlattr *key, size_t key_len)
-{
-    uint32_t key_hash = odp_flow_key_hash(key, key_len);
-    enum odp_key_fitness fitness;
-    struct flow flow;
-
-    fitness = odp_flow_key_to_flow(key, key_len, &flow);
-    if (fitness == ODP_FIT_ERROR) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    return subfacet_find__(ofproto, key, key_len, key_hash, &flow);
-}
-
 /* Uninstalls 'subfacet' from the datapath, if it is installed, removes it from
  * its facet within 'ofproto', and frees it. */
 static void
@@ -4273,6 +4781,34 @@ subfacet_destroy(struct subfacet *subfacet)
     }
 }
 
+static void
+subfacet_destroy_batch(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
+                       struct subfacet **subfacets, int n)
+{
+    struct odputil_keybuf keybufs[SUBFACET_DESTROY_MAX_BATCH];
+    struct dpif_op ops[SUBFACET_DESTROY_MAX_BATCH];
+    struct dpif_op *opsp[SUBFACET_DESTROY_MAX_BATCH];
+    struct ofpbuf keys[SUBFACET_DESTROY_MAX_BATCH];
+    struct dpif_flow_stats stats[SUBFACET_DESTROY_MAX_BATCH];
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        ops[i].type = DPIF_OP_FLOW_DEL;
+        subfacet_get_key(subfacets[i], &keybufs[i], &keys[i]);
+        ops[i].u.flow_del.key = keys[i].data;
+        ops[i].u.flow_del.key_len = keys[i].size;
+        ops[i].u.flow_del.stats = &stats[i];
+        opsp[i] = &ops[i];
+    }
+
+    dpif_operate(ofproto->backer->dpif, opsp, n);
+    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        subfacet_reset_dp_stats(subfacets[i], &stats[i]);
+        subfacets[i]->path = SF_NOT_INSTALLED;
+        subfacet_destroy(subfacets[i]);
+    }
+}
+
 /* Initializes 'key' with the sequence of OVS_KEY_ATTR_* Netlink attributes
  * that can be used to refer to 'subfacet'.  The caller must provide 'keybuf'
  * for use as temporary storage. */
@@ -4280,9 +4816,12 @@ static void
 subfacet_get_key(struct subfacet *subfacet, struct odputil_keybuf *keybuf,
                  struct ofpbuf *key)
 {
+
     if (!subfacet->key) {
+        struct flow *flow = &subfacet->facet->flow;
+
         ofpbuf_use_stack(key, keybuf, sizeof *keybuf);
-        odp_flow_key_from_flow(key, &subfacet->facet->flow);
+        odp_flow_key_from_flow(key, flow, subfacet->odp_in_port);
     } else {
         ofpbuf_use_const(key, subfacet->key, subfacet->key_len);
     }
@@ -4303,7 +4842,7 @@ subfacet_make_actions(struct subfacet *subfacet, const struct ofpbuf *packet,
 
     action_xlate_ctx_init(&ctx, ofproto, &facet->flow, subfacet->initial_tci,
                           rule, 0, packet);
-    xlate_actions(&ctx, rule->up.actions, rule->up.n_actions, odp_actions);
+    xlate_actions(&ctx, rule->up.ofpacts, rule->up.ofpacts_len, odp_actions);
     facet->tags = ctx.tags;
     facet->has_learn = ctx.has_learn;
     facet->has_normal = ctx.has_normal;
@@ -4353,7 +4892,7 @@ subfacet_install(struct subfacet *subfacet,
     }
 
     subfacet_get_key(subfacet, &keybuf, &key);
-    ret = dpif_flow_put(ofproto->dpif, flags, key.data, key.size,
+    ret = dpif_flow_put(ofproto->backer->dpif, flags, key.data, key.size,
                         actions, actions_len, stats);
 
     if (stats) {
@@ -4386,15 +4925,16 @@ subfacet_uninstall(struct subfacet *subfacet)
         int error;
 
         subfacet_get_key(subfacet, &keybuf, &key);
-        error = dpif_flow_del(ofproto->dpif, key.data, key.size, &stats);
+        error = dpif_flow_del(ofproto->backer->dpif,
+                              key.data, key.size, &stats);
         subfacet_reset_dp_stats(subfacet, &stats);
         if (!error) {
             subfacet_update_stats(subfacet, &stats);
         }
         subfacet->path = SF_NOT_INSTALLED;
     } else {
-        assert(subfacet->dp_packet_count == 0);
-        assert(subfacet->dp_byte_count == 0);
+        ovs_assert(subfacet->dp_packet_count == 0);
+        ovs_assert(subfacet->dp_byte_count == 0);
     }
 }
 
@@ -4456,7 +4996,6 @@ subfacet_update_stats(struct subfacet *subfacet,
 static struct rule_dpif *
 rule_dpif_lookup(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, const struct flow *flow)
 {
-    struct ofport_dpif *port;
     struct rule_dpif *rule;
 
     rule = rule_dpif_lookup__(ofproto, flow, 0);
@@ -4464,16 +5003,7 @@ rule_dpif_lookup(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, const struct flow *flow)
         return rule;
     }
 
-    port = get_ofp_port(ofproto, flow->in_port);
-    if (!port) {
-        VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "packet-in on unknown port %"PRIu16, flow->in_port);
-        return ofproto->miss_rule;
-    }
-
-    if (port->up.pp.config & OFPUTIL_PC_NO_PACKET_IN) {
-        return ofproto->no_packet_in_rule;
-    }
-    return ofproto->miss_rule;
+    return rule_dpif_miss_rule(ofproto, flow);
 }
 
 static struct rule_dpif *
@@ -4499,7 +5029,24 @@ rule_dpif_lookup__(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, const struct flow *flow,
     } else {
         cls_rule = classifier_lookup(cls, flow);
     }
-    return rule_dpif_cast(rule_from_cls_rule(cls_rule));
+    return rule_dpif_cast(rule_from_cls_rule(cls_rule));
+}
+
+static struct rule_dpif *
+rule_dpif_miss_rule(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, const struct flow *flow)
+{
+    struct ofport_dpif *port;
+
+    port = get_ofp_port(ofproto, flow->in_port);
+    if (!port) {
+        VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "packet-in on unknown port %"PRIu16, flow->in_port);
+        return ofproto->miss_rule;
+    }
+
+    if (port->up.pp.config & OFPUTIL_PC_NO_PACKET_IN) {
+        return ofproto->no_packet_in_rule;
+    }
+    return ofproto->miss_rule;
 }
 
 static void
@@ -4538,13 +5085,6 @@ rule_construct(struct rule *rule_)
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(rule->up.ofproto);
     struct rule_dpif *victim;
     uint8_t table_id;
-    enum ofperr error;
-
-    error = validate_actions(rule->up.actions, rule->up.n_actions,
-                             &rule->up.cr.flow, ofproto->max_ports);
-    if (error) {
-        return error;
-    }
 
     rule->packet_count = 0;
     rule->byte_count = 0;
@@ -4571,10 +5111,17 @@ rule_construct(struct rule *rule_)
     }
 
     table_id = rule->up.table_id;
-    rule->tag = (victim ? victim->tag
-                 : table_id == 0 ? 0
-                 : rule_calculate_tag(&rule->up.cr.flow, &rule->up.cr.wc,
-                                      ofproto->tables[table_id].basis));
+    if (victim) {
+        rule->tag = victim->tag;
+    } else if (table_id == 0) {
+        rule->tag = 0;
+    } else {
+        struct flow flow;
+
+        miniflow_expand(&rule->up.cr.match.flow, &flow);
+        rule->tag = rule_calculate_tag(&flow, &rule->up.cr.match.mask,
+                                       ofproto->tables[table_id].basis);
+    }
 
     complete_operation(rule);
     return 0;
@@ -4626,14 +5173,14 @@ rule_execute(struct rule *rule_, const struct flow *flow,
     uint64_t odp_actions_stub[1024 / 8];
     struct ofpbuf odp_actions;
 
-    dpif_flow_stats_extract(flow, packet, &stats);
+    dpif_flow_stats_extract(flow, packet, time_msec(), &stats);
     rule_credit_stats(rule, &stats);
 
     ofpbuf_use_stub(&odp_actions, odp_actions_stub, sizeof odp_actions_stub);
     action_xlate_ctx_init(&ctx, ofproto, flow, flow->vlan_tci,
                           rule, stats.tcp_flags, packet);
     ctx.resubmit_stats = &stats;
-    xlate_actions(&ctx, rule->up.actions, rule->up.n_actions, &odp_actions);
+    xlate_actions(&ctx, rule->up.ofpacts, rule->up.ofpacts_len, &odp_actions);
 
     execute_odp_actions(ofproto, flow, odp_actions.data,
                         odp_actions.size, packet);
@@ -4647,15 +5194,6 @@ static void
 rule_modify_actions(struct rule *rule_)
 {
     struct rule_dpif *rule = rule_dpif_cast(rule_);
-    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(rule->up.ofproto);
-    enum ofperr error;
-
-    error = validate_actions(rule->up.actions, rule->up.n_actions,
-                             &rule->up.cr.flow, ofproto->max_ports);
-    if (error) {
-        ofoperation_complete(rule->up.pending, error);
-        return;
-    }
 
     complete_operation(rule);
 }
@@ -4669,11 +5207,11 @@ send_packet(const struct ofport_dpif *ofport, struct ofpbuf *packet)
     const struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofport->up.ofproto);
     struct ofpbuf key, odp_actions;
     struct odputil_keybuf keybuf;
-    uint16_t odp_port;
+    uint32_t odp_port;
     struct flow flow;
     int error;
 
-    flow_extract((struct ofpbuf *) packet, 0, 0, 0, &flow);
+    flow_extract(packet, 0, 0, NULL, OFPP_LOCAL, &flow);
     odp_port = vsp_realdev_to_vlandev(ofproto, ofport->odp_port,
                                       flow.vlan_tci);
     if (odp_port != ofport->odp_port) {
@@ -4682,13 +5220,14 @@ send_packet(const struct ofport_dpif *ofport, struct ofpbuf *packet)
     }
 
     ofpbuf_use_stack(&key, &keybuf, sizeof keybuf);
-    odp_flow_key_from_flow(&key, &flow);
+    odp_flow_key_from_flow(&key, &flow,
+                           ofp_port_to_odp_port(ofproto, flow.in_port));
 
     ofpbuf_init(&odp_actions, 32);
     compose_sflow_action(ofproto, &odp_actions, &flow, odp_port);
 
     nl_msg_put_u32(&odp_actions, OVS_ACTION_ATTR_OUTPUT, odp_port);
-    error = dpif_execute(ofproto->dpif,
+    error = dpif_execute(ofproto->backer->dpif,
                          key.data, key.size,
                          odp_actions.data, odp_actions.size,
                          packet);
@@ -4704,8 +5243,8 @@ send_packet(const struct ofport_dpif *ofport, struct ofpbuf *packet)
 \f
 /* OpenFlow to datapath action translation. */
 
-static void do_xlate_actions(const union ofp_action *in, size_t n_in,
-                             struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx);
+static void do_xlate_actions(const struct ofpact *, size_t ofpacts_len,
+                             struct action_xlate_ctx *);
 static void xlate_normal(struct action_xlate_ctx *);
 
 /* Composes an ODP action for a "slow path" action for 'flow' within 'ofproto'.
@@ -4733,7 +5272,7 @@ compose_slow_path(const struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, const struct flow *flow,
 
     ofpbuf_use_stack(&buf, stub, stub_size);
     if (slow & (SLOW_CFM | SLOW_LACP | SLOW_STP)) {
-        uint32_t pid = dpif_port_get_pid(ofproto->dpif, UINT16_MAX);
+        uint32_t pid = dpif_port_get_pid(ofproto->backer->dpif, UINT32_MAX);
         odp_put_userspace_action(pid, &cookie, &buf);
     } else {
         put_userspace_action(ofproto, &buf, flow, &cookie);
@@ -4750,8 +5289,8 @@ put_userspace_action(const struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
 {
     uint32_t pid;
 
-    pid = dpif_port_get_pid(ofproto->dpif,
-                            ofp_port_to_odp_port(flow->in_port));
+    pid = dpif_port_get_pid(ofproto->backer->dpif,
+                            ofp_port_to_odp_port(ofproto, flow->in_port));
 
     return odp_put_userspace_action(pid, cookie, odp_actions);
 }
@@ -4848,7 +5387,7 @@ fix_sflow_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx)
 
     cookie = ofpbuf_at(ctx->odp_actions, ctx->user_cookie_offset,
                        sizeof(*cookie));
-    assert(cookie->type == USER_ACTION_COOKIE_SFLOW);
+    ovs_assert(cookie->type == USER_ACTION_COOKIE_SFLOW);
 
     compose_sflow_cookie(ctx->ofproto, base->vlan_tci,
                          ctx->sflow_odp_port, ctx->sflow_n_outputs, cookie);
@@ -4859,28 +5398,27 @@ compose_output_action__(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx, uint16_t ofp_port,
                         bool check_stp)
 {
     const struct ofport_dpif *ofport = get_ofp_port(ctx->ofproto, ofp_port);
-    uint16_t odp_port = ofp_port_to_odp_port(ofp_port);
+    uint32_t odp_port = ofp_port_to_odp_port(ctx->ofproto, ofp_port);
     ovs_be16 flow_vlan_tci = ctx->flow.vlan_tci;
     uint8_t flow_nw_tos = ctx->flow.nw_tos;
-    uint16_t out_port;
-
-    if (ofport) {
-        struct priority_to_dscp *pdscp;
+    struct priority_to_dscp *pdscp;
+    uint32_t out_port;
 
-        if (ofport->up.pp.config & OFPUTIL_PC_NO_FWD
-            || (check_stp && !stp_forward_in_state(ofport->stp_state))) {
-            return;
-        }
+    if (!ofport) {
+        xlate_report(ctx, "Nonexistent output port");
+        return;
+    } else if (ofport->up.pp.config & OFPUTIL_PC_NO_FWD) {
+        xlate_report(ctx, "OFPPC_NO_FWD set, skipping output");
+        return;
+    } else if (check_stp && !stp_forward_in_state(ofport->stp_state)) {
+        xlate_report(ctx, "STP not in forwarding state, skipping output");
+        return;
+    }
 
-        pdscp = get_priority(ofport, ctx->flow.skb_priority);
-        if (pdscp) {
-            ctx->flow.nw_tos &= ~IP_DSCP_MASK;
-            ctx->flow.nw_tos |= pdscp->dscp;
-        }
-    } else {
-        /* We may not have an ofport record for this port, but it doesn't hurt
-         * to allow forwarding to it anyhow.  Maybe such a port will appear
-         * later and we're pre-populating the flow table.  */
+    pdscp = get_priority(ofport, ctx->flow.skb_priority);
+    if (pdscp) {
+        ctx->flow.nw_tos &= ~IP_DSCP_MASK;
+        ctx->flow.nw_tos |= pdscp->dscp;
     }
 
     out_port = vsp_realdev_to_vlandev(ctx->ofproto, odp_port,
@@ -4906,7 +5444,7 @@ compose_output_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx, uint16_t ofp_port)
 
 static void
 xlate_table_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
-                   uint16_t in_port, uint8_t table_id)
+                   uint16_t in_port, uint8_t table_id, bool may_packet_in)
 {
     if (ctx->recurse < MAX_RESUBMIT_RECURSION) {
         struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ctx->ofproto;
@@ -4929,7 +5467,7 @@ xlate_table_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
                 ctx->tags |= (rule && rule->tag
                               ? rule->tag
                               : rule_calculate_tag(&ctx->flow,
-                                                   &table->other_table->wc,
+                                                   &table->other_table->mask,
                                                    table->basis));
             }
         }
@@ -4942,6 +5480,17 @@ xlate_table_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
             ctx->resubmit_hook(ctx, rule);
         }
 
+        if (rule == NULL && may_packet_in) {
+            /* XXX
+             * check if table configuration flags
+             * OFPTC_TABLE_MISS_CONTROLLER, default.
+             * OFPTC_TABLE_MISS_CONTINUE,
+             * OFPTC_TABLE_MISS_DROP
+             * When OF1.0, OFPTC_TABLE_MISS_CONTINUE is used. What to do?
+             */
+            rule = rule_dpif_miss_rule(ofproto, &ctx->flow);
+        }
+
         if (rule) {
             struct rule_dpif *old_rule = ctx->rule;
 
@@ -4951,7 +5500,7 @@ xlate_table_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
 
             ctx->recurse++;
             ctx->rule = rule;
-            do_xlate_actions(rule->up.actions, rule->up.n_actions, ctx);
+            do_xlate_actions(rule->up.ofpacts, rule->up.ofpacts_len, ctx);
             ctx->rule = old_rule;
             ctx->recurse--;
         }
@@ -4967,18 +5516,23 @@ xlate_table_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
 }
 
 static void
-xlate_resubmit_table(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
-                     const struct nx_action_resubmit *nar)
+xlate_ofpact_resubmit(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
+                      const struct ofpact_resubmit *resubmit)
 {
     uint16_t in_port;
     uint8_t table_id;
 
-    in_port = (nar->in_port == htons(OFPP_IN_PORT)
-               ? ctx->flow.in_port
-               : ntohs(nar->in_port));
-    table_id = nar->table == 255 ? ctx->table_id : nar->table;
+    in_port = resubmit->in_port;
+    if (in_port == OFPP_IN_PORT) {
+        in_port = ctx->flow.in_port;
+    }
+
+    table_id = resubmit->table_id;
+    if (table_id == 255) {
+        table_id = ctx->table_id;
+    }
 
-    xlate_table_action(ctx, in_port, table_id);
+    xlate_table_action(ctx, in_port, table_id, false);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -5027,8 +5581,8 @@ execute_controller_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx, int len,
         /* If the Ethernet type is less than ETH_TYPE_MIN, it's likely an 802.2
          * LLC frame.  Calculating the Ethernet type of these frames is more
          * trouble than seems appropriate for a simple assertion. */
-        assert(ntohs(eh->eth_type) < ETH_TYPE_MIN
-               || eh->eth_type == ctx->flow.dl_type);
+        ovs_assert(ntohs(eh->eth_type) < ETH_TYPE_MIN
+                   || eh->eth_type == ctx->flow.dl_type);
 
         memcpy(eh->eth_src, ctx->flow.dl_src, sizeof eh->eth_src);
         memcpy(eh->eth_dst, ctx->flow.dl_dst, sizeof eh->eth_dst);
@@ -5070,7 +5624,7 @@ execute_controller_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx, int len,
 }
 
 static bool
-compose_dec_ttl(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx)
+compose_dec_ttl(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx, struct ofpact_cnt_ids *ids)
 {
     if (ctx->flow.dl_type != htons(ETH_TYPE_IP) &&
         ctx->flow.dl_type != htons(ETH_TYPE_IPV6)) {
@@ -5081,7 +5635,12 @@ compose_dec_ttl(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx)
         ctx->flow.nw_ttl--;
         return false;
     } else {
-        execute_controller_action(ctx, UINT16_MAX, OFPR_INVALID_TTL, 0);
+        size_t i;
+
+        for (i = 0; i < ids->n_controllers; i++) {
+            execute_controller_action(ctx, UINT16_MAX, OFPR_INVALID_TTL,
+                                      ids->cnt_ids[i]);
+        }
 
         /* Stop processing for current table. */
         return true;
@@ -5089,8 +5648,8 @@ compose_dec_ttl(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx)
 }
 
 static void
-xlate_output_action__(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
-                      uint16_t port, uint16_t max_len)
+xlate_output_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
+                    uint16_t port, uint16_t max_len, bool may_packet_in)
 {
     uint16_t prev_nf_output_iface = ctx->nf_output_iface;
 
@@ -5101,7 +5660,7 @@ xlate_output_action__(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
         compose_output_action(ctx, ctx->flow.in_port);
         break;
     case OFPP_TABLE:
-        xlate_table_action(ctx, ctx->flow.in_port, ctx->table_id);
+        xlate_table_action(ctx, ctx->flow.in_port, 0, may_packet_in);
         break;
     case OFPP_NORMAL:
         xlate_normal(ctx);
@@ -5121,6 +5680,8 @@ xlate_output_action__(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
     default:
         if (port != ctx->flow.in_port) {
             compose_output_action(ctx, port);
+        } else {
+            xlate_report(ctx, "skipping output to input port");
         }
         break;
     }
@@ -5137,44 +5698,33 @@ xlate_output_action__(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
 
 static void
 xlate_output_reg_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
-                        const struct nx_action_output_reg *naor)
+                        const struct ofpact_output_reg *or)
 {
-    struct mf_subfield src;
-    uint64_t ofp_port;
-
-    nxm_decode(&src, naor->src, naor->ofs_nbits);
-    ofp_port = mf_get_subfield(&src, &ctx->flow);
-
-    if (ofp_port <= UINT16_MAX) {
-        xlate_output_action__(ctx, ofp_port, ntohs(naor->max_len));
+    uint64_t port = mf_get_subfield(&or->src, &ctx->flow);
+    if (port <= UINT16_MAX) {
+        xlate_output_action(ctx, port, or->max_len, false);
     }
 }
 
-static void
-xlate_output_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
-                    const struct ofp_action_output *oao)
-{
-    xlate_output_action__(ctx, ntohs(oao->port), ntohs(oao->max_len));
-}
-
 static void
 xlate_enqueue_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
-                     const struct ofp_action_enqueue *oae)
+                     const struct ofpact_enqueue *enqueue)
 {
-    uint16_t ofp_port;
+    uint16_t ofp_port = enqueue->port;
+    uint32_t queue_id = enqueue->queue;
     uint32_t flow_priority, priority;
     int error;
 
-    error = dpif_queue_to_priority(ctx->ofproto->dpif, ntohl(oae->queue_id),
-                                   &priority);
+    /* Translate queue to priority. */
+    error = dpif_queue_to_priority(ctx->ofproto->backer->dpif,
+                                   queue_id, &priority);
     if (error) {
         /* Fall back to ordinary output action. */
-        xlate_output_action__(ctx, ntohs(oae->port), 0);
+        xlate_output_action(ctx, enqueue->port, 0, false);
         return;
     }
 
-    /* Figure out datapath output port. */
-    ofp_port = ntohs(oae->port);
+    /* Check output port. */
     if (ofp_port == OFPP_IN_PORT) {
         ofp_port = ctx->flow.in_port;
     } else if (ofp_port == ctx->flow.in_port) {
@@ -5196,21 +5746,17 @@ xlate_enqueue_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
 }
 
 static void
-xlate_set_queue_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
-                       const struct nx_action_set_queue *nasq)
+xlate_set_queue_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx, uint32_t queue_id)
 {
-    uint32_t priority;
-    int error;
+    uint32_t skb_priority;
 
-    error = dpif_queue_to_priority(ctx->ofproto->dpif, ntohl(nasq->queue_id),
-                                   &priority);
-    if (error) {
-        /* Couldn't translate queue to a priority, so ignore.  A warning
+    if (!dpif_queue_to_priority(ctx->ofproto->backer->dpif,
+                                queue_id, &skb_priority)) {
+        ctx->flow.skb_priority = skb_priority;
+    } else {
+        /* Couldn't translate queue to a priority.  Nothing to do.  A warning
          * has already been logged. */
-        return;
     }
-
-    ctx->flow.skb_priority = priority;
 }
 
 struct xlate_reg_state {
@@ -5220,9 +5766,9 @@ struct xlate_reg_state {
 
 static void
 xlate_autopath(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
-               const struct nx_action_autopath *naa)
+               const struct ofpact_autopath *ap)
 {
-    uint16_t ofp_port = ntohl(naa->id);
+    uint16_t ofp_port = ap->port;
     struct ofport_dpif *port = get_ofp_port(ctx->ofproto, ofp_port);
 
     if (!port || !port->bundle) {
@@ -5235,7 +5781,7 @@ xlate_autopath(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
             ofp_port = slave->up.ofp_port;
         }
     }
-    autopath_execute(naa, &ctx->flow, ofp_port);
+    nxm_reg_load(&ap->dst, ofp_port, &ctx->flow);
 }
 
 static bool
@@ -5260,15 +5806,32 @@ slave_enabled_cb(uint16_t ofp_port, void *ofproto_)
     }
 }
 
+static void
+xlate_bundle_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
+                    const struct ofpact_bundle *bundle)
+{
+    uint16_t port;
+
+    port = bundle_execute(bundle, &ctx->flow, slave_enabled_cb, ctx->ofproto);
+    if (bundle->dst.field) {
+        nxm_reg_load(&bundle->dst, port, &ctx->flow);
+    } else {
+        xlate_output_action(ctx, port, 0, false);
+    }
+}
+
 static void
 xlate_learn_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
-                   const struct nx_action_learn *learn)
+                   const struct ofpact_learn *learn)
 {
     static struct vlog_rate_limit rl = VLOG_RATE_LIMIT_INIT(5, 1);
     struct ofputil_flow_mod fm;
+    uint64_t ofpacts_stub[1024 / 8];
+    struct ofpbuf ofpacts;
     int error;
 
-    learn_execute(learn, &ctx->flow, &fm);
+    ofpbuf_use_stack(&ofpacts, ofpacts_stub, sizeof ofpacts_stub);
+    learn_execute(learn, &ctx->flow, &fm, &ofpacts);
 
     error = ofproto_flow_mod(&ctx->ofproto->up, &fm);
     if (error && !VLOG_DROP_WARN(&rl)) {
@@ -5276,7 +5839,7 @@ xlate_learn_action(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
                   ofperr_get_name(error));
     }
 
-    free(fm.actions);
+    ofpbuf_uninit(&ofpacts);
 }
 
 /* Reduces '*timeout' to no more than 'max'.  A value of zero in either case
@@ -5291,13 +5854,13 @@ reduce_timeout(uint16_t max, uint16_t *timeout)
 
 static void
 xlate_fin_timeout(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
-                  const struct nx_action_fin_timeout *naft)
+                  const struct ofpact_fin_timeout *oft)
 {
     if (ctx->tcp_flags & (TCP_FIN | TCP_RST) && ctx->rule) {
         struct rule_dpif *rule = ctx->rule;
 
-        reduce_timeout(ntohs(naft->fin_idle_timeout), &rule->up.idle_timeout);
-        reduce_timeout(ntohs(naft->fin_hard_timeout), &rule->up.hard_timeout);
+        reduce_timeout(oft->fin_idle_timeout, &rule->up.idle_timeout);
+        reduce_timeout(oft->fin_hard_timeout, &rule->up.hard_timeout);
     }
 }
 
@@ -5323,13 +5886,12 @@ may_receive(const struct ofport_dpif *port, struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx)
 }
 
 static void
-do_xlate_actions(const union ofp_action *in, size_t n_in,
+do_xlate_actions(const struct ofpact *ofpacts, size_t ofpacts_len,
                  struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx)
 {
     const struct ofport_dpif *port;
-    const union ofp_action *ia;
     bool was_evictable = true;
-    size_t left;
+    const struct ofpact *a;
 
     port = get_ofp_port(ctx->ofproto, ctx->flow.in_port);
     if (port && !may_receive(port, ctx)) {
@@ -5342,183 +5904,177 @@ do_xlate_actions(const union ofp_action *in, size_t n_in,
         was_evictable = ctx->rule->up.evictable;
         ctx->rule->up.evictable = false;
     }
-    OFPUTIL_ACTION_FOR_EACH_UNSAFE (ia, left, in, n_in) {
-        const struct ofp_action_dl_addr *oada;
-        const struct nx_action_resubmit *nar;
-        const struct nx_action_set_tunnel *nast;
-        const struct nx_action_set_queue *nasq;
-        const struct nx_action_multipath *nam;
-        const struct nx_action_autopath *naa;
-        const struct nx_action_bundle *nab;
-        const struct nx_action_output_reg *naor;
-        const struct nx_action_controller *nac;
-        enum ofputil_action_code code;
-        ovs_be64 tun_id;
+    OFPACT_FOR_EACH (a, ofpacts, ofpacts_len) {
+        struct ofpact_controller *controller;
+        const struct ofpact_metadata *metadata;
 
         if (ctx->exit) {
             break;
         }
 
-        code = ofputil_decode_action_unsafe(ia);
-        switch (code) {
-        case OFPUTIL_OFPAT10_OUTPUT:
-            xlate_output_action(ctx, &ia->output);
+        switch (a->type) {
+        case OFPACT_OUTPUT:
+            xlate_output_action(ctx, ofpact_get_OUTPUT(a)->port,
+                                ofpact_get_OUTPUT(a)->max_len, true);
+            break;
+
+        case OFPACT_CONTROLLER:
+            controller = ofpact_get_CONTROLLER(a);
+            execute_controller_action(ctx, controller->max_len,
+                                      controller->reason,
+                                      controller->controller_id);
+            break;
+
+        case OFPACT_ENQUEUE:
+            xlate_enqueue_action(ctx, ofpact_get_ENQUEUE(a));
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_OFPAT10_SET_VLAN_VID:
+        case OFPACT_SET_VLAN_VID:
             ctx->flow.vlan_tci &= ~htons(VLAN_VID_MASK);
-            ctx->flow.vlan_tci |= ia->vlan_vid.vlan_vid | htons(VLAN_CFI);
+            ctx->flow.vlan_tci |= (htons(ofpact_get_SET_VLAN_VID(a)->vlan_vid)
+                                   | htons(VLAN_CFI));
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_OFPAT10_SET_VLAN_PCP:
+        case OFPACT_SET_VLAN_PCP:
             ctx->flow.vlan_tci &= ~htons(VLAN_PCP_MASK);
-            ctx->flow.vlan_tci |= htons(
-                (ia->vlan_pcp.vlan_pcp << VLAN_PCP_SHIFT) | VLAN_CFI);
+            ctx->flow.vlan_tci |= htons((ofpact_get_SET_VLAN_PCP(a)->vlan_pcp
+                                         << VLAN_PCP_SHIFT)
+                                        | VLAN_CFI);
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_OFPAT10_STRIP_VLAN:
+        case OFPACT_STRIP_VLAN:
             ctx->flow.vlan_tci = htons(0);
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_OFPAT10_SET_DL_SRC:
-            oada = ((struct ofp_action_dl_addr *) ia);
-            memcpy(ctx->flow.dl_src, oada->dl_addr, ETH_ADDR_LEN);
+        case OFPACT_PUSH_VLAN:
+            /* XXX 802.1AD(QinQ) */
+            ctx->flow.vlan_tci = htons(VLAN_CFI);
+            break;
+
+        case OFPACT_SET_ETH_SRC:
+            memcpy(ctx->flow.dl_src, ofpact_get_SET_ETH_SRC(a)->mac,
+                   ETH_ADDR_LEN);
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_OFPAT10_SET_DL_DST:
-            oada = ((struct ofp_action_dl_addr *) ia);
-            memcpy(ctx->flow.dl_dst, oada->dl_addr, ETH_ADDR_LEN);
+        case OFPACT_SET_ETH_DST:
+            memcpy(ctx->flow.dl_dst, ofpact_get_SET_ETH_DST(a)->mac,
+                   ETH_ADDR_LEN);
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_OFPAT10_SET_NW_SRC:
-            ctx->flow.nw_src = ia->nw_addr.nw_addr;
+        case OFPACT_SET_IPV4_SRC:
+            ctx->flow.nw_src = ofpact_get_SET_IPV4_SRC(a)->ipv4;
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_OFPAT10_SET_NW_DST:
-            ctx->flow.nw_dst = ia->nw_addr.nw_addr;
+        case OFPACT_SET_IPV4_DST:
+            ctx->flow.nw_dst = ofpact_get_SET_IPV4_DST(a)->ipv4;
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_OFPAT10_SET_NW_TOS:
+        case OFPACT_SET_IPV4_DSCP:
             /* OpenFlow 1.0 only supports IPv4. */
             if (ctx->flow.dl_type == htons(ETH_TYPE_IP)) {
                 ctx->flow.nw_tos &= ~IP_DSCP_MASK;
-                ctx->flow.nw_tos |= ia->nw_tos.nw_tos & IP_DSCP_MASK;
+                ctx->flow.nw_tos |= ofpact_get_SET_IPV4_DSCP(a)->dscp;
             }
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_OFPAT10_SET_TP_SRC:
-            ctx->flow.tp_src = ia->tp_port.tp_port;
-            break;
-
-        case OFPUTIL_OFPAT10_SET_TP_DST:
-            ctx->flow.tp_dst = ia->tp_port.tp_port;
-            break;
-
-        case OFPUTIL_OFPAT10_ENQUEUE:
-            xlate_enqueue_action(ctx, (const struct ofp_action_enqueue *) ia);
+        case OFPACT_SET_L4_SRC_PORT:
+            ctx->flow.tp_src = htons(ofpact_get_SET_L4_SRC_PORT(a)->port);
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_NXAST_RESUBMIT:
-            nar = (const struct nx_action_resubmit *) ia;
-            xlate_table_action(ctx, ntohs(nar->in_port), ctx->table_id);
+        case OFPACT_SET_L4_DST_PORT:
+            ctx->flow.tp_dst = htons(ofpact_get_SET_L4_DST_PORT(a)->port);
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_NXAST_RESUBMIT_TABLE:
-            xlate_resubmit_table(ctx, (const struct nx_action_resubmit *) ia);
+        case OFPACT_RESUBMIT:
+            xlate_ofpact_resubmit(ctx, ofpact_get_RESUBMIT(a));
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_NXAST_SET_TUNNEL:
-            nast = (const struct nx_action_set_tunnel *) ia;
-            tun_id = htonll(ntohl(nast->tun_id));
-            ctx->flow.tun_id = tun_id;
+        case OFPACT_SET_TUNNEL:
+            ctx->flow.tunnel.tun_id = htonll(ofpact_get_SET_TUNNEL(a)->tun_id);
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_NXAST_SET_QUEUE:
-            nasq = (const struct nx_action_set_queue *) ia;
-            xlate_set_queue_action(ctx, nasq);
+        case OFPACT_SET_QUEUE:
+            xlate_set_queue_action(ctx, ofpact_get_SET_QUEUE(a)->queue_id);
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_NXAST_POP_QUEUE:
+        case OFPACT_POP_QUEUE:
             ctx->flow.skb_priority = ctx->orig_skb_priority;
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_NXAST_REG_MOVE:
-            nxm_execute_reg_move((const struct nx_action_reg_move *) ia,
-                                 &ctx->flow);
-            break;
-
-        case OFPUTIL_NXAST_REG_LOAD:
-            nxm_execute_reg_load((const struct nx_action_reg_load *) ia,
-                                 &ctx->flow);
+        case OFPACT_REG_MOVE:
+            nxm_execute_reg_move(ofpact_get_REG_MOVE(a), &ctx->flow);
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_NXAST_NOTE:
-            /* Nothing to do. */
+        case OFPACT_REG_LOAD:
+            nxm_execute_reg_load(ofpact_get_REG_LOAD(a), &ctx->flow);
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_NXAST_SET_TUNNEL64:
-            tun_id = ((const struct nx_action_set_tunnel64 *) ia)->tun_id;
-            ctx->flow.tun_id = tun_id;
+        case OFPACT_DEC_TTL:
+            if (compose_dec_ttl(ctx, ofpact_get_DEC_TTL(a))) {
+                goto out;
+            }
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_NXAST_MULTIPATH:
-            nam = (const struct nx_action_multipath *) ia;
-            multipath_execute(nam, &ctx->flow);
+        case OFPACT_NOTE:
+            /* Nothing to do. */
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_NXAST_AUTOPATH:
-            naa = (const struct nx_action_autopath *) ia;
-            xlate_autopath(ctx, naa);
+        case OFPACT_MULTIPATH:
+            multipath_execute(ofpact_get_MULTIPATH(a), &ctx->flow);
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_NXAST_BUNDLE:
-            ctx->ofproto->has_bundle_action = true;
-            nab = (const struct nx_action_bundle *) ia;
-            xlate_output_action__(ctx, bundle_execute(nab, &ctx->flow,
-                                                      slave_enabled_cb,
-                                                      ctx->ofproto), 0);
+        case OFPACT_AUTOPATH:
+            xlate_autopath(ctx, ofpact_get_AUTOPATH(a));
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_NXAST_BUNDLE_LOAD:
+        case OFPACT_BUNDLE:
             ctx->ofproto->has_bundle_action = true;
-            nab = (const struct nx_action_bundle *) ia;
-            bundle_execute_load(nab, &ctx->flow, slave_enabled_cb,
-                                ctx->ofproto);
+            xlate_bundle_action(ctx, ofpact_get_BUNDLE(a));
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_NXAST_OUTPUT_REG:
-            naor = (const struct nx_action_output_reg *) ia;
-            xlate_output_reg_action(ctx, naor);
+        case OFPACT_OUTPUT_REG:
+            xlate_output_reg_action(ctx, ofpact_get_OUTPUT_REG(a));
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_NXAST_LEARN:
+        case OFPACT_LEARN:
             ctx->has_learn = true;
             if (ctx->may_learn) {
-                xlate_learn_action(ctx, (const struct nx_action_learn *) ia);
+                xlate_learn_action(ctx, ofpact_get_LEARN(a));
             }
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_NXAST_DEC_TTL:
-            if (compose_dec_ttl(ctx)) {
-                goto out;
-            }
-            break;
-
-        case OFPUTIL_NXAST_EXIT:
+        case OFPACT_EXIT:
             ctx->exit = true;
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_NXAST_FIN_TIMEOUT:
+        case OFPACT_FIN_TIMEOUT:
             ctx->has_fin_timeout = true;
-            xlate_fin_timeout(ctx, (const struct nx_action_fin_timeout *) ia);
+            xlate_fin_timeout(ctx, ofpact_get_FIN_TIMEOUT(a));
+            break;
+
+        case OFPACT_CLEAR_ACTIONS:
+            /* XXX
+             * Nothing to do because writa-actions is not supported for now.
+             * When writa-actions is supported, clear-actions also must
+             * be supported at the same time.
+             */
+            break;
+
+        case OFPACT_WRITE_METADATA:
+            metadata = ofpact_get_WRITE_METADATA(a);
+            ctx->flow.metadata &= ~metadata->mask;
+            ctx->flow.metadata |= metadata->metadata & metadata->mask;
             break;
 
-        case OFPUTIL_NXAST_CONTROLLER:
-            nac = (const struct nx_action_controller *) ia;
-            execute_controller_action(ctx, ntohs(nac->max_len), nac->reason,
-                                      ntohs(nac->controller_id));
+        case OFPACT_GOTO_TABLE: {
+            /* XXX remove recursion */
+            /* It is assumed that goto-table is last action */
+            struct ofpact_goto_table *ogt = ofpact_get_GOTO_TABLE(a);
+            ovs_assert(ctx->table_id < ogt->table_id);
+            xlate_table_action(ctx, ctx->flow.in_port, ogt->table_id, true);
             break;
         }
+        }
     }
 
 out:
@@ -5539,24 +6095,49 @@ action_xlate_ctx_init(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
                       ovs_be16 initial_tci, struct rule_dpif *rule,
                       uint8_t tcp_flags, const struct ofpbuf *packet)
 {
+    ovs_be64 initial_tun_id = flow->tunnel.tun_id;
+
+    /* Flow initialization rules:
+     * - 'base_flow' must match the kernel's view of the packet at the
+     *   time that action processing starts.  'flow' represents any
+     *   transformations we wish to make through actions.
+     * - By default 'base_flow' and 'flow' are the same since the input
+     *   packet matches the output before any actions are applied.
+     * - When using VLAN splinters, 'base_flow''s VLAN is set to the value
+     *   of the received packet as seen by the kernel.  If we later output
+     *   to another device without any modifications this will cause us to
+     *   insert a new tag since the original one was stripped off by the
+     *   VLAN device.
+     * - Tunnel 'flow' is largely cleared when transitioning between
+     *   the input and output stages since it does not make sense to output
+     *   a packet with the exact headers that it was received with (i.e.
+     *   the destination IP is us).  The one exception is the tun_id, which
+     *   is preserved to allow use in later resubmit lookups and loads into
+     *   registers.
+     * - Tunnel 'base_flow' is completely cleared since that is what the
+     *   kernel does.  If we wish to maintain the original values an action
+     *   needs to be generated. */
+
     ctx->ofproto = ofproto;
     ctx->flow = *flow;
+    memset(&ctx->flow.tunnel, 0, sizeof ctx->flow.tunnel);
     ctx->base_flow = ctx->flow;
-    ctx->base_flow.tun_id = 0;
     ctx->base_flow.vlan_tci = initial_tci;
+    ctx->flow.tunnel.tun_id = initial_tun_id;
     ctx->rule = rule;
     ctx->packet = packet;
     ctx->may_learn = packet != NULL;
     ctx->tcp_flags = tcp_flags;
     ctx->resubmit_hook = NULL;
+    ctx->report_hook = NULL;
     ctx->resubmit_stats = NULL;
 }
 
-/* Translates the 'n_in' "union ofp_action"s in 'in' into datapath actions in
- * 'odp_actions', using 'ctx'. */
+/* Translates the 'ofpacts_len' bytes of "struct ofpacts" starting at 'ofpacts'
+ * into datapath actions in 'odp_actions', using 'ctx'. */
 static void
 xlate_actions(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
-              const union ofp_action *in, size_t n_in,
+              const struct ofpact *ofpacts, size_t ofpacts_len,
               struct ofpbuf *odp_actions)
 {
     /* Normally false.  Set to true if we ever hit MAX_RESUBMIT_RECURSION, so
@@ -5624,9 +6205,10 @@ xlate_actions(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
     } else {
         static struct vlog_rate_limit trace_rl = VLOG_RATE_LIMIT_INIT(1, 1);
         ovs_be16 initial_tci = ctx->base_flow.vlan_tci;
+        uint32_t local_odp_port;
 
         add_sflow_action(ctx);
-        do_xlate_actions(in, n_in, ctx);
+        do_xlate_actions(ofpacts, ofpacts_len, ctx);
 
         if (ctx->max_resubmit_trigger && !ctx->resubmit_hook) {
             if (!hit_resubmit_limit) {
@@ -5644,7 +6226,9 @@ xlate_actions(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
             }
         }
 
+        local_odp_port = ofp_port_to_odp_port(ctx->ofproto, OFPP_LOCAL);
         if (!connmgr_may_set_up_flow(ctx->ofproto->up.connmgr, &ctx->flow,
+                                     local_odp_port,
                                      ctx->odp_actions->data,
                                      ctx->odp_actions->size)) {
             ctx->slow |= SLOW_IN_BAND;
@@ -5661,19 +6245,28 @@ xlate_actions(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
     }
 }
 
-/* Translates the 'n_in' "union ofp_action"s in 'in' into datapath actions,
- * using 'ctx', and discards the datapath actions. */
+/* Translates the 'ofpacts_len' bytes of "struct ofpact"s starting at 'ofpacts'
+ * into datapath actions, using 'ctx', and discards the datapath actions. */
 static void
 xlate_actions_for_side_effects(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx,
-                               const union ofp_action *in, size_t n_in)
+                               const struct ofpact *ofpacts,
+                               size_t ofpacts_len)
 {
     uint64_t odp_actions_stub[1024 / 8];
     struct ofpbuf odp_actions;
 
     ofpbuf_use_stub(&odp_actions, odp_actions_stub, sizeof odp_actions_stub);
-    xlate_actions(ctx, in, n_in, &odp_actions);
+    xlate_actions(ctx, ofpacts, ofpacts_len, &odp_actions);
     ofpbuf_uninit(&odp_actions);
 }
+
+static void
+xlate_report(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx, const char *s)
+{
+    if (ctx->report_hook) {
+        ctx->report_hook(ctx, s);
+    }
+}
 \f
 /* OFPP_NORMAL implementation. */
 
@@ -5922,7 +6515,7 @@ add_mirror_actions(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx, const struct flow *orig_flow)
         m = ofproto->mirrors[mirror_mask_ffs(mirrors) - 1];
 
         if (!vlan_is_mirrored(m, vlan)) {
-            mirrors &= mirrors - 1;
+            mirrors = zero_rightmost_1bit(mirrors);
             continue;
         }
 
@@ -5930,8 +6523,8 @@ add_mirror_actions(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx, const struct flow *orig_flow)
         ctx->mirrors |= m->dup_mirrors;
         if (m->out) {
             output_normal(ctx, m->out, vlan);
-        } else if (!eth_addr_is_reserved(orig_flow->dl_dst)
-                   && vlan != m->out_vlan) {
+        } else if (vlan != m->out_vlan
+                   && !eth_addr_is_reserved(orig_flow->dl_dst)) {
             struct ofbundle *bundle;
 
             HMAP_FOR_EACH (bundle, hmap_node, &ofproto->bundles) {
@@ -5952,7 +6545,7 @@ update_mirror_stats(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, mirror_mask_t mirrors,
         return;
     }
 
-    for (; mirrors; mirrors &= mirrors - 1) {
+    for (; mirrors; mirrors = zero_rightmost_1bit(mirrors)) {
         struct ofmirror *m;
 
         m = ofproto->mirrors[mirror_mask_ffs(mirrors) - 1];
@@ -6057,6 +6650,9 @@ lookup_input_bundle(const struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, uint16_t in_port,
      *   we don't know about.
      *
      * - The ofproto client didn't configure the port as part of a bundle.
+     *   This is particularly likely to happen if a packet was received on the
+     *   port after it was created, but before the client had a chance to
+     *   configure its bundle.
      */
     if (warn) {
         static struct vlog_rate_limit rl = VLOG_RATE_LIMIT_INIT(1, 5);
@@ -6082,14 +6678,17 @@ lookup_input_bundle(const struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, uint16_t in_port,
  * so in one special case.
  */
 static bool
-is_admissible(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, const struct flow *flow,
-              struct ofport_dpif *in_port, uint16_t vlan, tag_type *tags)
+is_admissible(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx, struct ofport_dpif *in_port,
+              uint16_t vlan)
 {
+    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ctx->ofproto;
+    struct flow *flow = &ctx->flow;
     struct ofbundle *in_bundle = in_port->bundle;
 
     /* Drop frames for reserved multicast addresses
      * only if forward_bpdu option is absent. */
-    if (eth_addr_is_reserved(flow->dl_dst) && !ofproto->up.forward_bpdu) {
+    if (!ofproto->up.forward_bpdu && eth_addr_is_reserved(flow->dl_dst)) {
+        xlate_report(ctx, "packet has reserved destination MAC, dropping");
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -6097,11 +6696,12 @@ is_admissible(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, const struct flow *flow,
         struct mac_entry *mac;
 
         switch (bond_check_admissibility(in_bundle->bond, in_port,
-                                         flow->dl_dst, tags)) {
+                                         flow->dl_dst, &ctx->tags)) {
         case BV_ACCEPT:
             break;
 
         case BV_DROP:
+            xlate_report(ctx, "bonding refused admissibility, dropping");
             return false;
 
         case BV_DROP_IF_MOVED:
@@ -6109,6 +6709,8 @@ is_admissible(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, const struct flow *flow,
             if (mac && mac->port.p != in_bundle &&
                 (!is_gratuitous_arp(flow)
                  || mac_entry_is_grat_arp_locked(mac))) {
+                xlate_report(ctx, "SLB bond thinks this packet looped back, "
+                            "dropping");
                 return false;
             }
             break;
@@ -6132,6 +6734,7 @@ xlate_normal(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx)
     in_bundle = lookup_input_bundle(ctx->ofproto, ctx->flow.in_port,
                                     ctx->packet != NULL, &in_port);
     if (!in_bundle) {
+        xlate_report(ctx, "no input bundle, dropping");
         return;
     }
 
@@ -6144,6 +6747,7 @@ xlate_normal(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx)
                          "VLAN tag received on port %s",
                          ctx->ofproto->up.name, in_bundle->name);
         }
+        xlate_report(ctx, "partial VLAN tag, dropping");
         return;
     }
 
@@ -6155,19 +6759,20 @@ xlate_normal(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx)
                          "%s, which is reserved exclusively for mirroring",
                          ctx->ofproto->up.name, in_bundle->name);
         }
+        xlate_report(ctx, "input port is mirror output port, dropping");
         return;
     }
 
     /* Check VLAN. */
     vid = vlan_tci_to_vid(ctx->flow.vlan_tci);
     if (!input_vid_is_valid(vid, in_bundle, ctx->packet != NULL)) {
+        xlate_report(ctx, "disallowed VLAN VID for this input port, dropping");
         return;
     }
     vlan = input_vid_to_vlan(in_bundle, vid);
 
     /* Check other admissibility requirements. */
-    if (in_port &&
-         !is_admissible(ctx->ofproto, &ctx->flow, in_port, vlan, &ctx->tags)) {
+    if (in_port && !is_admissible(ctx, in_port, vlan)) {
         return;
     }
 
@@ -6181,11 +6786,15 @@ xlate_normal(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx)
                               &ctx->tags);
     if (mac) {
         if (mac->port.p != in_bundle) {
+            xlate_report(ctx, "forwarding to learned port");
             output_normal(ctx, mac->port.p, vlan);
+        } else {
+            xlate_report(ctx, "learned port is input port, dropping");
         }
     } else {
         struct ofbundle *bundle;
 
+        xlate_report(ctx, "no learned MAC for destination, flooding");
         HMAP_FOR_EACH (bundle, hmap_node, &ctx->ofproto->bundles) {
             if (bundle != in_bundle
                 && ofbundle_includes_vlan(bundle, vlan)
@@ -6219,18 +6828,17 @@ xlate_normal(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx)
  * a few more, but not all of the facets or even all of the facets that
  * resubmit to the table modified by MAC learning). */
 
-/* Calculates the tag to use for 'flow' and wildcards 'wc' when it is inserted
+/* Calculates the tag to use for 'flow' and mask 'mask' when it is inserted
  * into an OpenFlow table with the given 'basis'. */
 static tag_type
-rule_calculate_tag(const struct flow *flow, const struct flow_wildcards *wc,
+rule_calculate_tag(const struct flow *flow, const struct minimask *mask,
                    uint32_t secret)
 {
-    if (flow_wildcards_is_catchall(wc)) {
+    if (minimask_is_catchall(mask)) {
         return 0;
     } else {
-        struct flow tag_flow = *flow;
-        flow_zero_wildcards(&tag_flow, wc);
-        return tag_create_deterministic(flow_hash(&tag_flow, secret));
+        uint32_t hash = flow_hash_in_minimask(flow, mask, secret);
+        return tag_create_deterministic(hash);
     }
 }
 
@@ -6283,7 +6891,7 @@ table_update_taggable(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, uint8_t table_id)
     if (table->catchall_table != catchall || table->other_table != other) {
         table->catchall_table = catchall;
         table->other_table = other;
-        ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+        ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_FLOW_TABLE;
     }
 }
 
@@ -6307,7 +6915,7 @@ rule_invalidate(const struct rule_dpif *rule)
         if (table->other_table && rule->tag) {
             tag_set_add(&ofproto->revalidate_set, rule->tag);
         } else {
-            ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+            ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_FLOW_TABLE;
         }
     }
 }
@@ -6319,7 +6927,7 @@ set_frag_handling(struct ofproto *ofproto_,
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
 
     if (frag_handling != OFPC_FRAG_REASM) {
-        ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+        ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
         return true;
     } else {
         return false;
@@ -6329,44 +6937,36 @@ set_frag_handling(struct ofproto *ofproto_,
 static enum ofperr
 packet_out(struct ofproto *ofproto_, struct ofpbuf *packet,
            const struct flow *flow,
-           const union ofp_action *ofp_actions, size_t n_ofp_actions)
+           const struct ofpact *ofpacts, size_t ofpacts_len)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
-    enum ofperr error;
-
-    if (flow->in_port >= ofproto->max_ports && flow->in_port < OFPP_MAX) {
-        return OFPERR_NXBRC_BAD_IN_PORT;
-    }
+    struct odputil_keybuf keybuf;
+    struct dpif_flow_stats stats;
 
-    error = validate_actions(ofp_actions, n_ofp_actions, flow,
-                             ofproto->max_ports);
-    if (!error) {
-        struct odputil_keybuf keybuf;
-        struct dpif_flow_stats stats;
+    struct ofpbuf key;
 
-        struct ofpbuf key;
+    struct action_xlate_ctx ctx;
+    uint64_t odp_actions_stub[1024 / 8];
+    struct ofpbuf odp_actions;
 
-        struct action_xlate_ctx ctx;
-        uint64_t odp_actions_stub[1024 / 8];
-        struct ofpbuf odp_actions;
+    ofpbuf_use_stack(&key, &keybuf, sizeof keybuf);
+    odp_flow_key_from_flow(&key, flow,
+                           ofp_port_to_odp_port(ofproto, flow->in_port));
 
-        ofpbuf_use_stack(&key, &keybuf, sizeof keybuf);
-        odp_flow_key_from_flow(&key, flow);
+    dpif_flow_stats_extract(flow, packet, time_msec(), &stats);
 
-        dpif_flow_stats_extract(flow, packet, &stats);
+    action_xlate_ctx_init(&ctx, ofproto, flow, flow->vlan_tci, NULL,
+                          packet_get_tcp_flags(packet, flow), packet);
+    ctx.resubmit_stats = &stats;
 
-        action_xlate_ctx_init(&ctx, ofproto, flow, flow->vlan_tci, NULL,
-                              packet_get_tcp_flags(packet, flow), packet);
-        ctx.resubmit_stats = &stats;
+    ofpbuf_use_stub(&odp_actions,
+                    odp_actions_stub, sizeof odp_actions_stub);
+    xlate_actions(&ctx, ofpacts, ofpacts_len, &odp_actions);
+    dpif_execute(ofproto->backer->dpif, key.data, key.size,
+                 odp_actions.data, odp_actions.size, packet);
+    ofpbuf_uninit(&odp_actions);
 
-        ofpbuf_use_stub(&odp_actions,
-                        odp_actions_stub, sizeof odp_actions_stub);
-        xlate_actions(&ctx, ofp_actions, n_ofp_actions, &odp_actions);
-        dpif_execute(ofproto->dpif, key.data, key.size,
-                     odp_actions.data, odp_actions.size, packet);
-        ofpbuf_uninit(&odp_actions);
-    }
-    return error;
+    return 0;
 }
 \f
 /* NetFlow. */
@@ -6395,7 +6995,7 @@ get_netflow_ids(const struct ofproto *ofproto_,
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
 
-    dpif_get_netflow_ids(ofproto->dpif, engine_type, engine_id);
+    dpif_get_netflow_ids(ofproto->backer->dpif, engine_type, engine_id);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -6518,7 +7118,7 @@ trace_format_rule(struct ds *result, uint8_t table_id, int level,
 
     ds_put_char_multiple(result, '\t', level);
     ds_put_cstr(result, "OpenFlow ");
-    ofp_print_actions(result, rule->up.actions, rule->up.n_actions);
+    ofpacts_format(rule->up.ofpacts, rule->up.ofpacts_len, result);
     ds_put_char(result, '\n');
 }
 
@@ -6576,6 +7176,17 @@ trace_resubmit(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx, struct rule_dpif *rule)
     trace_format_rule(result, ctx->table_id, ctx->recurse + 1, rule);
 }
 
+static void
+trace_report(struct action_xlate_ctx *ctx, const char *s)
+{
+    struct trace_ctx *trace = CONTAINER_OF(ctx, struct trace_ctx, ctx);
+    struct ds *result = trace->result;
+
+    ds_put_char_multiple(result, '\t', ctx->recurse);
+    ds_put_cstr(result, s);
+    ds_put_char(result, '\n');
+}
+
 static void
 ofproto_unixctl_trace(struct unixctl_conn *conn, int argc, const char *argv[],
                       void *aux OVS_UNUSED)
@@ -6625,11 +7236,13 @@ ofproto_unixctl_trace(struct unixctl_conn *conn, int argc, const char *argv[],
                 goto exit;
             }
 
-            /* Convert odp_key to flow. */
-            error = ofproto_dpif_extract_flow_key(ofproto, odp_key.data,
-                                                  odp_key.size, &flow,
-                                                  &initial_tci, NULL);
-            if (error == ODP_FIT_ERROR) {
+            /* XXX: Since we allow the user to specify an ofproto, it's
+             * possible they will specify a different ofproto than the one the
+             * port actually belongs too.  Ideally we should simply remove the
+             * ability to specify the ofproto. */
+            if (ofproto_receive(ofproto->backer, NULL, odp_key.data,
+                                odp_key.size, &flow, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+                                &initial_tci)) {
                 unixctl_command_reply_error(conn, "Invalid flow");
                 goto exit;
             }
@@ -6644,7 +7257,6 @@ ofproto_unixctl_trace(struct unixctl_conn *conn, int argc, const char *argv[],
             }
 
             initial_tci = flow.vlan_tci;
-            vsp_adjust_flow(ofproto, &flow);
         }
 
         /* Generate a packet, if requested. */
@@ -6652,15 +7264,17 @@ ofproto_unixctl_trace(struct unixctl_conn *conn, int argc, const char *argv[],
             packet = ofpbuf_new(0);
             flow_compose(packet, &flow);
         }
-    } else if (argc == 6) {
-        /* ofproto/trace dpname priority tun_id in_port packet */
+    } else if (argc == 7) {
+        /* ofproto/trace dpname priority tun_id in_port mark packet */
         const char *priority_s = argv[2];
         const char *tun_id_s = argv[3];
         const char *in_port_s = argv[4];
-        const char *packet_s = argv[5];
-        uint16_t in_port = ofp_port_to_odp_port(atoi(in_port_s));
+        const char *mark_s = argv[5];
+        const char *packet_s = argv[6];
+        uint32_t in_port = atoi(in_port_s);
         ovs_be64 tun_id = htonll(strtoull(tun_id_s, NULL, 0));
         uint32_t priority = atoi(priority_s);
+        uint32_t mark = atoi(mark_s);
         const char *msg;
 
         msg = eth_from_hex(packet_s, &packet);
@@ -6674,7 +7288,8 @@ ofproto_unixctl_trace(struct unixctl_conn *conn, int argc, const char *argv[],
         ds_put_cstr(&result, s);
         free(s);
 
-        flow_extract(packet, priority, tun_id, in_port, &flow);
+        flow_extract(packet, priority, mark, NULL, in_port, &flow);
+        flow.tunnel.tun_id = tun_id;
         initial_tci = flow.vlan_tci;
     } else {
         unixctl_command_reply_error(conn, "Bad command syntax");
@@ -6726,7 +7341,8 @@ ofproto_trace(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, const struct flow *flow,
         action_xlate_ctx_init(&trace.ctx, ofproto, flow, initial_tci,
                               rule, tcp_flags, packet);
         trace.ctx.resubmit_hook = trace_resubmit;
-        xlate_actions(&trace.ctx, rule->up.actions, rule->up.n_actions,
+        trace.ctx.report_hook = trace_report;
+        xlate_actions(&trace.ctx, rule->up.ofpacts, rule->up.ofpacts_len,
                       &odp_actions);
 
         ds_put_char(ds, '\n');
@@ -6814,7 +7430,7 @@ ofproto_dpif_self_check__(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, struct ds *reply)
         }
     }
     if (errors) {
-        ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+        ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_INCONSISTENCY;
     }
 
     if (errors) {
@@ -6850,6 +7466,212 @@ ofproto_dpif_self_check(struct unixctl_conn *conn,
     ds_destroy(&reply);
 }
 
+/* Store the current ofprotos in 'ofproto_shash'.  Returns a sorted list
+ * of the 'ofproto_shash' nodes.  It is the responsibility of the caller
+ * to destroy 'ofproto_shash' and free the returned value. */
+static const struct shash_node **
+get_ofprotos(struct shash *ofproto_shash)
+{
+    const struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
+
+    HMAP_FOR_EACH (ofproto, all_ofproto_dpifs_node, &all_ofproto_dpifs) {
+        char *name = xasprintf("%s@%s", ofproto->up.type, ofproto->up.name);
+        shash_add_nocopy(ofproto_shash, name, ofproto);
+    }
+
+    return shash_sort(ofproto_shash);
+}
+
+static void
+ofproto_unixctl_dpif_dump_dps(struct unixctl_conn *conn, int argc OVS_UNUSED,
+                              const char *argv[] OVS_UNUSED,
+                              void *aux OVS_UNUSED)
+{
+    struct ds ds = DS_EMPTY_INITIALIZER;
+    struct shash ofproto_shash;
+    const struct shash_node **sorted_ofprotos;
+    int i;
+
+    shash_init(&ofproto_shash);
+    sorted_ofprotos = get_ofprotos(&ofproto_shash);
+    for (i = 0; i < shash_count(&ofproto_shash); i++) {
+        const struct shash_node *node = sorted_ofprotos[i];
+        ds_put_format(&ds, "%s\n", node->name);
+    }
+
+    shash_destroy(&ofproto_shash);
+    free(sorted_ofprotos);
+
+    unixctl_command_reply(conn, ds_cstr(&ds));
+    ds_destroy(&ds);
+}
+
+static void
+show_dp_format(const struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, struct ds *ds)
+{
+    struct dpif_dp_stats s;
+    const struct shash_node **ports;
+    int i;
+
+    dpif_get_dp_stats(ofproto->backer->dpif, &s);
+
+    ds_put_format(ds, "%s (%s):\n", ofproto->up.name,
+                  dpif_name(ofproto->backer->dpif));
+    /* xxx It would be better to show bridge-specific stats instead
+     * xxx of dp ones. */
+    ds_put_format(ds,
+                  "\tlookups: hit:%"PRIu64" missed:%"PRIu64" lost:%"PRIu64"\n",
+                  s.n_hit, s.n_missed, s.n_lost);
+    ds_put_format(ds, "\tflows: %zu\n",
+                  hmap_count(&ofproto->subfacets));
+
+    ports = shash_sort(&ofproto->up.port_by_name);
+    for (i = 0; i < shash_count(&ofproto->up.port_by_name); i++) {
+        const struct shash_node *node = ports[i];
+        struct ofport *ofport = node->data;
+        const char *name = netdev_get_name(ofport->netdev);
+        const char *type = netdev_get_type(ofport->netdev);
+
+        ds_put_format(ds, "\t%s %u/%u:", name, ofport->ofp_port,
+                      ofp_port_to_odp_port(ofproto, ofport->ofp_port));
+        if (strcmp(type, "system")) {
+            struct netdev *netdev;
+            int error;
+
+            ds_put_format(ds, " (%s", type);
+
+            error = netdev_open(name, type, &netdev);
+            if (!error) {
+                struct smap config;
+
+                smap_init(&config);
+                error = netdev_get_config(netdev, &config);
+                if (!error) {
+                    const struct smap_node **nodes;
+                    size_t i;
+
+                    nodes = smap_sort(&config);
+                    for (i = 0; i < smap_count(&config); i++) {
+                        const struct smap_node *node = nodes[i];
+                        ds_put_format(ds, "%c %s=%s", i ? ',' : ':',
+                                      node->key, node->value);
+                    }
+                    free(nodes);
+                }
+                smap_destroy(&config);
+
+                netdev_close(netdev);
+            }
+            ds_put_char(ds, ')');
+        }
+        ds_put_char(ds, '\n');
+    }
+    free(ports);
+}
+
+static void
+ofproto_unixctl_dpif_show(struct unixctl_conn *conn, int argc,
+                          const char *argv[], void *aux OVS_UNUSED)
+{
+    struct ds ds = DS_EMPTY_INITIALIZER;
+    const struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
+
+    if (argc > 1) {
+        int i;
+        for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+            ofproto = ofproto_dpif_lookup(argv[i]);
+            if (!ofproto) {
+                ds_put_format(&ds, "Unknown bridge %s (use dpif/dump-dps "
+                                   "for help)", argv[i]);
+                unixctl_command_reply_error(conn, ds_cstr(&ds));
+                return;
+            }
+            show_dp_format(ofproto, &ds);
+        }
+    } else {
+        struct shash ofproto_shash;
+        const struct shash_node **sorted_ofprotos;
+        int i;
+
+        shash_init(&ofproto_shash);
+        sorted_ofprotos = get_ofprotos(&ofproto_shash);
+        for (i = 0; i < shash_count(&ofproto_shash); i++) {
+            const struct shash_node *node = sorted_ofprotos[i];
+            show_dp_format(node->data, &ds);
+        }
+
+        shash_destroy(&ofproto_shash);
+        free(sorted_ofprotos);
+    }
+
+    unixctl_command_reply(conn, ds_cstr(&ds));
+    ds_destroy(&ds);
+}
+
+static void
+ofproto_unixctl_dpif_dump_flows(struct unixctl_conn *conn,
+                                int argc OVS_UNUSED, const char *argv[],
+                                void *aux OVS_UNUSED)
+{
+    struct ds ds = DS_EMPTY_INITIALIZER;
+    const struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
+    struct subfacet *subfacet;
+
+    ofproto = ofproto_dpif_lookup(argv[1]);
+    if (!ofproto) {
+        unixctl_command_reply_error(conn, "no such bridge");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    HMAP_FOR_EACH (subfacet, hmap_node, &ofproto->subfacets) {
+        struct odputil_keybuf keybuf;
+        struct ofpbuf key;
+
+        subfacet_get_key(subfacet, &keybuf, &key);
+        odp_flow_key_format(key.data, key.size, &ds);
+
+        ds_put_format(&ds, ", packets:%"PRIu64", bytes:%"PRIu64", used:",
+                      subfacet->dp_packet_count, subfacet->dp_byte_count);
+        if (subfacet->used) {
+            ds_put_format(&ds, "%.3fs",
+                          (time_msec() - subfacet->used) / 1000.0);
+        } else {
+            ds_put_format(&ds, "never");
+        }
+        if (subfacet->facet->tcp_flags) {
+            ds_put_cstr(&ds, ", flags:");
+            packet_format_tcp_flags(&ds, subfacet->facet->tcp_flags);
+        }
+
+        ds_put_cstr(&ds, ", actions:");
+        format_odp_actions(&ds, subfacet->actions, subfacet->actions_len);
+        ds_put_char(&ds, '\n');
+    }
+
+    unixctl_command_reply(conn, ds_cstr(&ds));
+    ds_destroy(&ds);
+}
+
+static void
+ofproto_unixctl_dpif_del_flows(struct unixctl_conn *conn,
+                               int argc OVS_UNUSED, const char *argv[],
+                               void *aux OVS_UNUSED)
+{
+    struct ds ds = DS_EMPTY_INITIALIZER;
+    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
+
+    ofproto = ofproto_dpif_lookup(argv[1]);
+    if (!ofproto) {
+        unixctl_command_reply_error(conn, "no such bridge");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    flush(&ofproto->up);
+
+    unixctl_command_reply(conn, ds_cstr(&ds));
+    ds_destroy(&ds);
+}
+
 static void
 ofproto_dpif_unixctl_init(void)
 {
@@ -6861,8 +7683,8 @@ ofproto_dpif_unixctl_init(void)
 
     unixctl_command_register(
         "ofproto/trace",
-        "bridge {tun_id in_port packet | odp_flow [-generate]}",
-        2, 5, ofproto_unixctl_trace, NULL);
+        "bridge {priority tun_id in_port mark packet | odp_flow [-generate]}",
+        2, 6, ofproto_unixctl_trace, NULL);
     unixctl_command_register("fdb/flush", "[bridge]", 0, 1,
                              ofproto_unixctl_fdb_flush, NULL);
     unixctl_command_register("fdb/show", "bridge", 1, 1,
@@ -6873,6 +7695,14 @@ ofproto_dpif_unixctl_init(void)
                              ofproto_dpif_unclog, NULL);
     unixctl_command_register("ofproto/self-check", "[bridge]", 0, 1,
                              ofproto_dpif_self_check, NULL);
+    unixctl_command_register("dpif/dump-dps", "", 0, 0,
+                             ofproto_unixctl_dpif_dump_dps, NULL);
+    unixctl_command_register("dpif/show", "[bridge]", 0, INT_MAX,
+                             ofproto_unixctl_dpif_show, NULL);
+    unixctl_command_register("dpif/dump-flows", "bridge", 1, 1,
+                             ofproto_unixctl_dpif_dump_flows, NULL);
+    unixctl_command_register("dpif/del-flows", "bridge", 1, 1,
+                             ofproto_unixctl_dpif_del_flows, NULL);
 }
 \f
 /* Linux VLAN device support (e.g. "eth0.10" for VLAN 10.)
@@ -6893,7 +7723,7 @@ set_realdev(struct ofport *ofport_, uint16_t realdev_ofp_port, int vid)
         return 0;
     }
 
-    ofproto->need_revalidate = true;
+    ofproto->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
 
     if (ofport->realdev_ofp_port) {
         vsp_remove(ofport);
@@ -6932,16 +7762,17 @@ vsp_realdev_to_vlandev(const struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
                        uint32_t realdev_odp_port, ovs_be16 vlan_tci)
 {
     if (!hmap_is_empty(&ofproto->realdev_vid_map)) {
-        uint16_t realdev_ofp_port = odp_port_to_ofp_port(realdev_odp_port);
+        uint16_t realdev_ofp_port;
         int vid = vlan_tci_to_vid(vlan_tci);
         const struct vlan_splinter *vsp;
 
+        realdev_ofp_port = odp_port_to_ofp_port(ofproto, realdev_odp_port);
         HMAP_FOR_EACH_WITH_HASH (vsp, realdev_vid_node,
                                  hash_realdev_vid(realdev_ofp_port, vid),
                                  &ofproto->realdev_vid_map) {
             if (vsp->realdev_ofp_port == realdev_ofp_port
                 && vsp->vid == vid) {
-                return ofp_port_to_odp_port(vsp->vlandev_ofp_port);
+                return ofp_port_to_odp_port(ofproto, vsp->vlandev_ofp_port);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -7056,11 +7887,52 @@ vsp_add(struct ofport_dpif *port, uint16_t realdev_ofp_port, int vid)
         VLOG_ERR("duplicate vlan device record");
     }
 }
-\f
+
+static uint32_t
+ofp_port_to_odp_port(const struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, uint16_t ofp_port)
+{
+    const struct ofport_dpif *ofport = get_ofp_port(ofproto, ofp_port);
+    return ofport ? ofport->odp_port : OVSP_NONE;
+}
+
+static struct ofport_dpif *
+odp_port_to_ofport(const struct dpif_backer *backer, uint32_t odp_port)
+{
+    struct ofport_dpif *port;
+
+    HMAP_FOR_EACH_IN_BUCKET (port, odp_port_node,
+                             hash_int(odp_port, 0),
+                             &backer->odp_to_ofport_map) {
+        if (port->odp_port == odp_port) {
+            return port;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static uint16_t
+odp_port_to_ofp_port(const struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, uint32_t odp_port)
+{
+    struct ofport_dpif *port;
+
+    port = odp_port_to_ofport(ofproto->backer, odp_port);
+    if (port && &ofproto->up == port->up.ofproto) {
+        return port->up.ofp_port;
+    } else {
+        return OFPP_NONE;
+    }
+}
+
 const struct ofproto_class ofproto_dpif_class = {
+    init,
     enumerate_types,
     enumerate_names,
     del,
+    port_open_type,
+    type_run,
+    type_run_fast,
+    type_wait,
     alloc,
     construct,
     destruct,
@@ -7103,6 +7975,7 @@ const struct ofproto_class ofproto_dpif_class = {
     set_sflow,
     set_cfm,
     get_cfm_fault,
+    get_cfm_opup,
     get_cfm_remote_mpids,
     get_cfm_health,
     set_stp,
@@ -7117,6 +7990,6 @@ const struct ofproto_class ofproto_dpif_class = {
     set_flood_vlans,
     is_mirror_output_bundle,
     forward_bpdu_changed,
-    set_mac_idle_time,
+    set_mac_table_config,
     set_realdev,
 };