introduces the TestBox class - review how qemu gets stopped
[tests.git] / system / TestPlc.py
index 7f734f3..4694d1c 100644 (file)
 # $Id$
-import os
+import os, os.path
+import datetime
+import time
 import sys
 import xmlrpclib
 import datetime
+import traceback
+from types import StringTypes
+
+import utils
 from TestSite import TestSite
 from TestNode import TestNode
+from TestUser import TestUser
+from TestKey import TestKey
+from TestSlice import TestSlice
+from TestBox import TestBox
+
+# inserts a backslash before each occurence of the following chars
+# \ " ' < > & | ; ( ) $ * ~ 
+def backslash_shell_specials (command):
+    result=''
+    for char in command:
+        if char in "\\\"'<>&|;()$*~":
+            result +='\\'+char
+        else:
+            result +=char
+    return result
+
+# step methods must take (self, options) and return a boolean
+
+def standby(minutes):
+        utils.header('Entering StandBy for %d mn'%minutes)
+        time.sleep(60*minutes)
+        return True
+
+def standby_generic (func):
+    def actual(self,options):
+        minutes=int(func.__name__.split("_")[1])
+        return standby(minutes)
+    return actual
 
 class TestPlc:
 
     def __init__ (self,plc_spec):
        self.plc_spec=plc_spec
-       self.url="https://%s:443/PLCAPI/"%plc_spec['hostname']
-       self.server=xmlrpclib.Server(self.url,allow_none=True)
        self.path=os.path.dirname(sys.argv[0])
+        try:
+            self.vserverip=plc_spec['vserverip']
+            self.vservername=plc_spec['vservername']
+            self.url="https://%s:443/PLCAPI/"%plc_spec['vserverip']
+            self.vserver=True
+        except:
+            self.vserver=False
+            self.url="https://%s:443/PLCAPI/"%plc_spec['hostname']
+        utils.header('Using API url %s'%self.url)
+       self.server=xmlrpclib.Server(self.url,allow_none=True)
         
+    def name(self):
+        name=self.plc_spec['name']
+        if self.vserver:
+            return name+"[%s]"%self.vservername
+        else:
+            return name+"[chroot]"
+
+    def is_local (self):
+        return self.plc_spec['hostname'] == 'localhost'
+
+    # define the API methods on this object through xmlrpc
+    # would help, but not strictly necessary
     def connect (self):
-       # tricky : define les methodes de l'API sur cet object
        pass
     
+    # command gets run in the chroot/vserver
+    def host_to_guest(self,command):
+        if self.vserver:
+            return "vserver %s exec %s"%(self.vservername,command)
+        else:
+            return "chroot /plc/root %s"%backslash_shell_specials(command)
+
+    # command gets run on the right box
+    def to_host(self,command):
+        if self.is_local():
+            return command
+        else:
+            return "ssh %s %s"%(self.plc_spec['hostname'],backslash_shell_specials(command))
+
+    def full_command(self,command):
+        return self.to_host(self.host_to_guest(command))
+
+    def run_in_guest (self,command):
+        return utils.system(self.full_command(command))
+    def run_in_host (self,command):
+        return utils.system(self.to_host(command))
+
+    # xxx quick n dirty
+    def run_in_guest_piped (self,local,remote):
+        return utils.system(local+" | "+self.full_command(remote))
+
+    # copy a file to the myplc root image - pass in_data=True if the file must go in /plc/data
+    def copy_in_guest (self, localfile, remotefile, in_data=False):
+        if in_data:
+            chroot_dest="/plc/data"
+        else:
+            chroot_dest="/plc/root"
+        if self.is_local():
+            if not self.vserver:
+                utils.system("cp %s %s/%s"%(localfile,chroot_dest,remotefile))
+            else:
+                utils.system("cp %s /vservers/%s/%s"%(localfile,self.vservername,remotefile))
+        else:
+            if not self.vserver:
+                utils.system("scp %s %s:%s/%s"%(localfile,self.plc_spec['hostname'],chroot_dest,remotefile))
+            else:
+                utils.system("scp %s %s@/vservers/%s/%s"%(localfile,self.plc_spec['hostname'],self.vservername,remotefile))
+
     def auth_root (self):
        return {'Username':self.plc_spec['PLC_ROOT_USER'],
                'AuthMethod':'password',
                'AuthString':self.plc_spec['PLC_ROOT_PASSWORD'],
                 'Role' : self.plc_spec['role']
                 }
-    def display_results(self, test_case_name, status, timers):
-        timers=datetime.datetime.now()
-        fileHandle = open (self.path+'/results.txt', 'a' )
-        fileHandle.write ( str(test_case_name)+'                    ' +str(status)+'                    '+str(timers))
-        fileHandle.close()
-
+    def locate_site (self,sitename):
+        for site in self.plc_spec['sites']:
+            if site['site_fields']['name'] == sitename:
+                return site
+            if site['site_fields']['login_base'] == sitename:
+                return site
+        raise Exception,"Cannot locate site %s"%sitename
+        
+    def locate_node (self,nodename):
+        for site in self.plc_spec['sites']:
+            for node in site['nodes']:
+                if node['node_fields']['hostname'] == nodename:
+                    return (site,node)
+        raise Exception,"Cannot locate node %s"%nodename
         
+    def locate_key (self,keyname):
+        for key in self.plc_spec['keys']:
+            if key['name'] == keyname:
+                return key
+        raise Exception,"Cannot locate key %s"%keyname
+
+    # all different hostboxes used in this plc
+    def gather_hostBoxes(self):
+        # maps on sites and nodes, return [ (host_box,hostname) ]
+        tuples=[]
+        for site_spec in self.plc_spec['sites']:
+            test_site = TestSite (self,site_spec)
+            for node_spec in site_spec['nodes']:
+                test_node = TestNode (self, test_site, node_spec)
+                if not test_node.is_real():
+                    tuples.append( (test_node.host_box(),node_spec['node_fields']['hostname']) )
+        # transform into a dict { 'host_box' -> [ hostnames .. ] }
+        result = {}
+        for (box,hostname) in tuples:
+            if not result.has_key(box):
+                result[box]=[hostname]
+            else:
+                result[box].append(hostname)
+        return result
+                    
+    # a step for checking this stuff
+    def showboxes (self,options):
+        print 'showboxes'
+        for (box,hosts) in self.gather_hostBoxes().iteritems():
+            print box,":"," + ".join(hosts)
+        return True
+
+    def kill_all_qemus(self):
+        for (box,hosts) in self.gather_hostBoxes().iteritems():
+            # this is the brute force version, kill all qemus on that host box
+            TestBox(box).kill_all_qemus()
+
+    def clear_ssh_config (self,options):
+        # install local ssh_config file as root's .ssh/config - ssh should be quiet
+        # dir might need creation first
+        self.run_in_guest("mkdir /root/.ssh")
+        self.run_in_guest("chmod 700 /root/.ssh")
+        # this does not work - > redirection somehow makes it until an argument to cat
+        #self.run_in_guest_piped("cat ssh_config","cat > /root/.ssh/config")
+        self.copy_in_guest("ssh_config","/root/.ssh/config",True)
+        return True
+            
+    #################### step methods
+
+    ### uninstall
+    def uninstall_chroot(self,options):
+        self.run_in_host('service plc safestop')
+        #####detecting the last myplc version installed and remove it
+        self.run_in_host('rpm -e myplc')
+        ##### Clean up the /plc directory
+        self.run_in_host('rm -rf  /plc/data')
+        ##### stop any running vservers
+        self.run_in_host('for vserver in $(ls /vservers/* | sed -e s,/vservers/,,) ; do vserver $vserver stop ; done')
+        return True
+
+    def uninstall_vserver(self,options):
+        self.run_in_host("vserver --silent %s delete"%self.vservername)
+        return True
+
+    def uninstall(self,options):
+        # if there's a chroot-based myplc running, and then a native-based myplc is being deployed
+        # it sounds safer to have the former uninstalled too
+        # now the vserver method cannot be invoked for chroot instances as vservername is required
+        if self.vserver:
+            self.uninstall_vserver(options)
+            self.uninstall_chroot(options)
+        else:
+            self.uninstall_chroot(options)
+        return True
+
+    ### install
+    def install_chroot(self,options):
+        # nothing to do
+        return True
 
-    def config_plc(self,plc_spec):
-# Thierry 2007-07-05 
-# now plc-config-tty silently creates needed directories
-#        os.system('mkdir -p /etc/planetlab/configs')
+    # xxx this would not work with hostname != localhost as mylc-init-vserver was extracted locally
+    def install_vserver(self,options):
+        # we need build dir for vtest-init-vserver
+        if self.is_local():
+            # a full path for the local calls
+            build_dir=self.path+"/build"
+        else:
+            # use a standard name - will be relative to HOME 
+            build_dir="tests-system-build"
+        build_checkout = "svn checkout %s %s"%(options.build_url,build_dir)
+        if self.run_in_host(build_checkout) != 0:
+            raise Exception,"Cannot checkout build dir"
+        # the repo url is taken from myplc-url 
+        # with the last two steps (i386/myplc...) removed
+        repo_url = options.myplc_url
+        repo_url = os.path.dirname(repo_url)
+        repo_url = os.path.dirname(repo_url)
+        create_vserver="%s/vtest-init-vserver.sh %s %s -- --interface eth0:%s"%\
+            (build_dir,self.vservername,repo_url,self.vserverip)
+        if self.run_in_host(create_vserver) != 0:
+            raise Exception,"Could not create vserver for %s"%self.vservername
+        return True
 
-        tmpname='/tmp/plc-config-tty-%d'%os.getpid()
+    def install(self,options):
+        if self.vserver:
+            return self.install_vserver(options)
+        else:
+            return self.install_chroot(options)
+
+    ### install_rpm
+    def install_rpm_chroot(self,options):
+        utils.header('Installing from %s'%options.myplc_url)
+        url=options.myplc_url
+        self.run_in_host('rpm -Uvh '+url)
+        self.run_in_host('service plc mount')
+        return True
+
+    def install_rpm_vserver(self,options):
+        self.run_in_guest("yum -y install myplc-native")
+        return True
+
+    def install_rpm(self,options):
+        if self.vserver:
+            return self.install_rpm_vserver(options)
+        else:
+            return self.install_rpm_chroot(options)
+
+    ### 
+    def configure(self,options):
+        tmpname='%s/%s.plc-config-tty'%(options.path,self.name())
         fileconf=open(tmpname,'w')
         for var in [ 'PLC_NAME',
                      'PLC_ROOT_PASSWORD',
@@ -50,55 +277,338 @@ class TestPlc:
                      'PLC_BOOT_HOST',
                      'PLC_NET_DNS1',
                      'PLC_NET_DNS2']:
-            fileconf.write ('e %s\n%s\n'%(var,plc_spec[var]))
+            fileconf.write ('e %s\n%s\n'%(var,self.plc_spec[var]))
         fileconf.write('w\n')
         fileconf.write('q\n')
         fileconf.close()
-        os.system('set -x ; cat %s'%tmpname)
-        os.system('set -x ; chroot /plc/root  plc-config-tty < %s'%tmpname)
-        os.system('set -x ; service plc start')
-        os.system('set -x; service sendmail stop')
-        os.system('set -x; chroot /plc/root service sendmail restart')
-        os.system('set -x; rm %s'%tmpname)
+        utils.system('cat %s'%tmpname)
+        self.run_in_guest_piped('cat %s'%tmpname,'plc-config-tty')
+        utils.system('rm %s'%tmpname)
+        return True
+
+    # the chroot install is slightly different to this respect
+    def start(self, options):
+        if self.vserver:
+            self.run_in_guest('service plc start')
+        else:
+            self.run_in_host('service plc start')
+        return True
         
-    def cleanup_plc(self):
-        os.system('service plc safestop')
-        #####detecting the last myplc version installed and remove it
-        os.system('set -x; rpm -e myplc')
-        print "=======================>Remove Myplc DONE!"
-        ##### Clean up the /plc directory
-        os.system('set -x; rm -rf  /plc/data')
-        print "=======================>Clean up  DONE!"
+    def stop(self, options):
+        if self.vserver:
+            self.run_in_guest('service plc stop')
+        else:
+            self.run_in_host('service plc stop')
+        return True
         
-    def install_plc(self,url):
-        print url
-        os.system('set -x; rpm -ivh '+url)
-        os.system('set -x; service plc mount')
-      
-    def init_site (self,site_spec):
-        test_site = TestSite (self,site_spec)
-        test_site.create_site()
-        for key in site_spec['users']:
-            test_site.create_user(key)
-            test_site.enable_user(key)
-            test_site.add_key_user(key)            
-        return test_site
-
-    def init_node (self,test_site,node_spec,path):
-
-        test_node = TestNode(self, test_site, node_spec)
-        test_node.create_node ("pi")
-        test_node.create_node ("tech")
-        test_node.create_boot_cd(node_spec,path)
-        return test_node
+    # could use a TestKey class
+    def store_keys(self, options):
+        for key_spec in self.plc_spec['keys']:
+            TestKey(self,key_spec).store_key()
+        return True
+
+    def clean_keys(self, options):
+        utils.system("rm -rf %s/keys/"%self.path)
+
+    def sites (self,options):
+        return self.do_sites(options)
     
-    def db_dump(self):
+    def clean_sites (self,options):
+        return self.do_sites(options,action="delete")
+    
+    def do_sites (self,options,action="add"):
+        for site_spec in self.plc_spec['sites']:
+            test_site = TestSite (self,site_spec)
+            if (action != "add"):
+                utils.header("Deleting site %s in %s"%(test_site.name(),self.name()))
+                test_site.delete_site()
+                # deleted with the site
+                #test_site.delete_users()
+                continue
+            else:
+                utils.header("Creating site %s & users in %s"%(test_site.name(),self.name()))
+                test_site.create_site()
+                test_site.create_users()
+        return True
+
+    def nodes (self, options):
+        return self.do_nodes(options)
+    def clean_nodes (self, options):
+        return self.do_nodes(options,action="delete")
+
+    def do_nodes (self, options,action="add"):
+        for site_spec in self.plc_spec['sites']:
+            test_site = TestSite (self,site_spec)
+            if action != "add":
+                utils.header("Deleting nodes in site %s"%test_site.name())
+                for node_spec in site_spec['nodes']:
+                    test_node=TestNode(self,test_site,node_spec)
+                    utils.header("Deleting %s"%test_node.name())
+                    test_node.delete_node()
+            else:
+                utils.header("Creating nodes for site %s in %s"%(test_site.name(),self.name()))
+                for node_spec in site_spec['nodes']:
+                    utils.show_spec('Creating node %s'%node_spec,node_spec)
+                    test_node = TestNode (self,test_site,node_spec)
+                    test_node.create_node ()
+        return True
+
+    # create nodegroups if needed, and populate
+    # no need for a clean_nodegroups if we are careful enough
+    def nodegroups (self, options):
+        # 1st pass to scan contents
+        groups_dict = {}
+        for site_spec in self.plc_spec['sites']:
+            test_site = TestSite (self,site_spec)
+            for node_spec in site_spec['nodes']:
+                test_node=TestNode (self,test_site,node_spec)
+                if node_spec.has_key('nodegroups'):
+                    nodegroupnames=node_spec['nodegroups']
+                    if isinstance(nodegroupnames,StringTypes):
+                        nodegroupnames = [ nodegroupnames ]
+                    for nodegroupname in nodegroupnames:
+                        if not groups_dict.has_key(nodegroupname):
+                            groups_dict[nodegroupname]=[]
+                        groups_dict[nodegroupname].append(test_node.name())
+        auth=self.auth_root()
+        for (nodegroupname,group_nodes) in groups_dict.iteritems():
+            try:
+                self.server.GetNodeGroups(auth,{'name':nodegroupname})[0]
+            except:
+                self.server.AddNodeGroup(auth,{'name':nodegroupname})
+            for node in group_nodes:
+                self.server.AddNodeToNodeGroup(auth,node,nodegroupname)
+        return True
+
+    def all_hostnames (self) :
+        hostnames = []
+        for site_spec in self.plc_spec['sites']:
+            hostnames += [ node_spec['node_fields']['hostname'] \
+                           for node_spec in site_spec['nodes'] ]
+        return hostnames
+
+    # gracetime : during the first <gracetime> minutes nothing gets printed
+    def do_nodes_booted (self, minutes, gracetime=2):
+        # compute timeout
+        timeout = datetime.datetime.now()+datetime.timedelta(minutes=minutes)
+        graceout = datetime.datetime.now()+datetime.timedelta(minutes=gracetime)
+        # the nodes that haven't checked yet - start with a full list and shrink over time
+        tocheck = self.all_hostnames()
+        utils.header("checking nodes %r"%tocheck)
+        # create a dict hostname -> status
+        status = dict ( [ (hostname,'undef') for hostname in tocheck ] )
+        while tocheck:
+            # get their status
+            tocheck_status=self.server.GetNodes(self.auth_root(), tocheck, ['hostname','boot_state' ] )
+            # update status
+            for array in tocheck_status:
+                hostname=array['hostname']
+                boot_state=array['boot_state']
+                if boot_state == 'boot':
+                    utils.header ("%s has reached the 'boot' state"%hostname)
+                else:
+                    # if it's a real node, never mind
+                    (site_spec,node_spec)=self.locate_node(hostname)
+                    if TestNode.is_real_model(node_spec['node_fields']['model']):
+                        utils.header("WARNING - Real node %s in %s - ignored"%(hostname,boot_state))
+                        # let's cheat
+                        boot_state = 'boot'
+                    if datetime.datetime.now() > graceout:
+                        utils.header ("%s still in '%s' state"%(hostname,boot_state))
+                        graceout=datetime.datetime.now()+datetime.timedelta(1)
+                status[hostname] = boot_state
+            # refresh tocheck
+            tocheck = [ hostname for (hostname,boot_state) in status.iteritems() if boot_state != 'boot' ]
+            if not tocheck:
+                return True
+            if datetime.datetime.now() > timeout:
+                for hostname in tocheck:
+                    utils.header("FAILURE due to %s in '%s' state"%(hostname,status[hostname]))
+                return False
+            # otherwise, sleep for a while
+            time.sleep(15)
+        # only useful in empty plcs
+        return True
+
+    def nodes_booted(self,options):
+        return self.do_nodes_booted(minutes=5)
+    
+    #to scan and store the nodes's public keys and avoid to ask for confirmation when  ssh 
+    def scan_publicKeys(self,hostnames):
+        try:
+            temp_knownhosts="/root/known_hosts"
+            remote_knownhosts="/root/.ssh/known_hosts"
+            self.run_in_host("touch %s"%temp_knownhosts )
+            for hostname in hostnames:
+                utils.header("Scan Public %s key and store it in the known_host file(under the root image) "%hostname)
+                scan=self.run_in_host('ssh-keyscan -t rsa %s >> %s '%(hostname,temp_knownhosts))
+            #Store the public keys in the right root image
+            self.copy_in_guest(temp_knownhosts,remote_knownhosts,True)
+            #clean the temp keys file used
+            self.run_in_host('rm -f  %s '%temp_knownhosts )
+        except Exception, err:
+            print err
+            
+    def do_check_nodesSsh(self,minutes):
+        # compute timeout
+        timeout = datetime.datetime.now()+datetime.timedelta(minutes=minutes)
+        #graceout = datetime.datetime.now()+datetime.timedelta(minutes=gracetime)
+        tocheck = self.all_hostnames()
+        self.scan_publicKeys(tocheck)
+        utils.header("checking Connectivity on nodes %r"%tocheck)
+        while tocheck:
+            for hostname in tocheck:
+                # try to ssh in nodes
+                access=self.run_in_guest('ssh -i /etc/planetlab/root_ssh_key.rsa root@%s date'%hostname )
+                if (not access):
+                    utils.header('The node %s is sshable -->'%hostname)
+                    # refresh tocheck
+                    tocheck.remove(hostname)
+                else:
+                    (site_spec,node_spec)=self.locate_node(hostname)
+                    if TestNode.is_real_model(node_spec['node_fields']['model']):
+                        utils.header ("WARNING : check ssh access into real node %s - skipped"%hostname)
+                    tocheck.remove(hostname)
+            if not tocheck:
+                return True
+            if datetime.datetime.now() > timeout:
+                for hostname in tocheck:
+                    utils.header("FAILURE to ssh into %s"%hostname)
+                return False
+            # otherwise, sleep for a while
+            time.sleep(15)
+        # only useful in empty plcs
+        return True
         
-        t=datetime.datetime.now()
-        d=t.date()
-        dump='/var/lib/pgsql/backups/planetlab4-'+str(d)+'-2nodes'
-        os.system('chroot /plc/root pg_dump -U pgsqluser planetlab4 -f '+ dump)
-        print 'dump is done',dump
+    def nodes_ssh(self, options):
+        return  self.do_check_nodesSsh(minutes=2)
+            
+    def bootcd (self, options):
+        for site_spec in self.plc_spec['sites']:
+            test_site = TestSite (self,site_spec)
+            for node_spec in site_spec['nodes']:
+                test_node=TestNode (self,test_site,node_spec)
+                test_node.create_boot_cd(options.path)
+        return True
+                
+    def initscripts (self, options):
+        for initscript in self.plc_spec['initscripts']:
+            utils.show_spec('Adding Initscript in plc %s'%self.plc_spec['name'],initscript)
+            self.server.AddInitScript(self.auth_root(),initscript['initscript_fields'])
+        return True
+
+    def slices (self, options):
+        return self.do_slices()
+
+    def clean_slices (self, options):
+        return self.do_slices("delete")
+
+    def do_slices (self,  action="add"):
+        for slice in self.plc_spec['slices']:
+            site_spec = self.locate_site (slice['sitename'])
+            test_site = TestSite(self,site_spec)
+            test_slice=TestSlice(self,test_site,slice)
+            if action != "add":
+                utils.header("Deleting slices in site %s"%test_site.name())
+                test_slice.delete_slice()
+            else:    
+                utils.show_spec("Creating slice",slice)
+                test_slice.create_slice()
+                utils.header('Created Slice %s'%slice['slice_fields']['name'])
+        return True
         
+    def check_slices(self, options):
+        for slice_spec in self.plc_spec['slices']:
+            site_spec = self.locate_site (slice_spec['sitename'])
+            test_site = TestSite(self,site_spec)
+            test_slice=TestSlice(self,test_site,slice_spec)
+            status=test_slice.do_check_slice(options)
+            if (not status):
+                return False
+        return status
+    
+    def start_nodes (self, options):
+        self.kill_all_qemus()
+        utils.header("Starting  nodes")
+        for site_spec in self.plc_spec['sites']:
+            TestSite(self,site_spec).start_nodes (options)
+        return True
 
+    def stop_nodes (self, options):
+        self.kill_all_qemus()
+        return True
+
+    # returns the filename to use for sql dump/restore, using options.dbname if set
+    def dbfile (self, database, options):
+        # uses options.dbname if it is found
+        try:
+            name=options.dbname
+            if not isinstance(name,StringTypes):
+                raise Exception
+        except:
+            t=datetime.datetime.now()
+            d=t.date()
+            name=str(d)
+        return "/root/%s-%s.sql"%(database,name)
+
+    def db_dump(self, options):
         
+        dump=self.dbfile("planetab4",options)
+        self.run_in_guest('pg_dump -U pgsqluser planetlab4 -f '+ dump)
+        utils.header('Dumped planetlab4 database in %s'%dump)
+        return True
+
+    def db_restore(self, options):
+        dump=self.dbfile("planetab4",options)
+        ##stop httpd service
+        self.run_in_guest('service httpd stop')
+        # xxx - need another wrapper
+        self.run_in_guest_piped('echo drop database planetlab4','psql --user=pgsqluser template1')
+        self.run_in_guest('createdb -U postgres --encoding=UNICODE --owner=pgsqluser planetlab4')
+        self.run_in_guest('psql -U pgsqluser planetlab4 -f '+dump)
+        ##starting httpd service
+        self.run_in_guest('service httpd start')
+
+        utils.header('Database restored from ' + dump)
+
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_1(): pass
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_2(): pass
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_3(): pass
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_4(): pass
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_5(): pass
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_6(): pass
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_7(): pass
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_8(): pass
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_9(): pass
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_10(): pass
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_11(): pass
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_12(): pass
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_13(): pass
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_14(): pass
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_15(): pass
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_16(): pass
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_17(): pass
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_18(): pass
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_19(): pass
+    @standby_generic 
+    def standby_20(): pass
+