ipfw/dummynet.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2002-2003 Luigi Rizzo
   3  * Copyright (c) 1996 Alex Nash, Paul Traina, Poul-Henning Kamp
   4  * Copyright (c) 1994 Ugen J.S.Antsilevich
   5  *
   6  * Idea and grammar partially left from:
   7  * Copyright (c) 1993 Daniel Boulet
   8  *
   9  * Redistribution and use in source forms, with and without modification,
  10  * are permitted provided that this entire comment appears intact.
  11  *
  12  * Redistribution in binary form may occur without any restrictions.
  13  * Obviously, it would be nice if you gave credit where credit is due
  14  * but requiring it would be too onerous.
  15  *
  16  * This software is provided ``AS IS'' without any warranties of any kind.
  17  *
  18  * NEW command line interface for IP firewall facility
  19  *
  20  * $FreeBSD: head/sbin/ipfw/dummynet.c 187769 2009-01-27 11:06:59Z luigi $
  21  *
  22  * dummynet support
  23  */
  24
  25 #include <sys/types.h>
  26 #include <sys/socket.h>
  27 #include <sys/queue.h>
  28 /* XXX there are several sysctl leftover here */
  29 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  30
  31 #include "ipfw2.h"
  32
  33 #include <ctype.h>
  34 #include <err.h>
  35 #include <errno.h>
  36 #include <libutil.h>
  37 #include <netdb.h>
  38 #include <stdio.h>
  39 #include <stdlib.h>
  40 #include <string.h>
  41 #include <sysexits.h>
  42
  43 #include <net/if.h>
  44 #include <netinet/in.h>
  45 #include <netinet/ip_fw.h>
  46 #include <netinet/ip_dummynet.h>
  47 #include <arpa/inet.h>  /* inet_ntoa */
  48
  49 static struct _s_x dummynet_params[] = {
  50         { "plr",                TOK_PLR },
  51         { "noerror",            TOK_NOERROR },
  52         { "buckets",            TOK_BUCKETS },
  53         { "dst-ip",             TOK_DSTIP },
  54         { "src-ip",             TOK_SRCIP },
  55         { "dst-port",           TOK_DSTPORT },
  56         { "src-port",           TOK_SRCPORT },
  57         { "proto",              TOK_PROTO },
  58         { "weight",             TOK_WEIGHT },
  59         { "all",                TOK_ALL },
  60         { "mask",               TOK_MASK },
  61         { "droptail",           TOK_DROPTAIL },
  62         { "red",                TOK_RED },
  63         { "gred",               TOK_GRED },
  64         { "bw",                 TOK_BW },
  65         { "bandwidth",          TOK_BW },
  66         { "delay",              TOK_DELAY },
  67         { "pipe",               TOK_PIPE },
  68         { "queue",              TOK_QUEUE },
  69         { "flow-id",            TOK_FLOWID},
  70         { "dst-ipv6",           TOK_DSTIP6},
  71         { "dst-ip6",            TOK_DSTIP6},
  72         { "src-ipv6",           TOK_SRCIP6},
  73         { "src-ip6",            TOK_SRCIP6},
  74         { "profile",            TOK_PIPE_PROFILE},
  75         { "burst",              TOK_BURST},
  76         { "dummynet-params",    TOK_NULL },
  77         { NULL, 0 }     /* terminator */
  78 };
  79
  80 static int
  81 sort_q(void *arg, const void *pa, const void *pb)
  82 {
  83         int rev = (co.do_sort < 0);
  84         int field = rev ? -co.do_sort : co.do_sort;
  85         long long res = 0;
  86         const struct dn_flow_queue *a = pa;
  87         const struct dn_flow_queue *b = pb;
  88
  89         switch (field) {
  90         case 1: /* pkts */
  91                 res = a->len - b->len;
  92                 break;
  93         case 2: /* bytes */
  94                 res = a->len_bytes - b->len_bytes;
  95                 break;
  96
  97         case 3: /* tot pkts */
  98                 res = a->tot_pkts - b->tot_pkts;
  99                 break;
 100
 101         case 4: /* tot bytes */
 102                 res = a->tot_bytes - b->tot_bytes;
 103                 break;
 104         }
 105         if (res < 0)
 106                 res = -1;
 107         if (res > 0)
 108                 res = 1;
 109         return (int)(rev ? res : -res);
 110 }
 111
 112 static void
 113 list_queues(struct dn_flow_set *fs, struct dn_flow_queue *q)
 114 {
 115         int l;
 116         int index_printed, indexes = 0;
 117         char buff[255];
 118         struct protoent *pe;
 119
 120         if (fs->rq_elements == 0)
 121                 return;
 122
 123         if (co.do_sort != 0)
 124                 qsort_r(q, fs->rq_elements, sizeof *q, NULL, sort_q);
 125
 126         /* Print IPv4 flows */
 127         index_printed = 0;
 128         for (l = 0; l < fs->rq_elements; l++) {
 129                 struct in_addr ina;
 130
 131                 /* XXX: Should check for IPv4 flows */
 132                 if (IS_IP6_FLOW_ID(&(q[l].id)))
 133                         continue;
 134
 135                 if (!index_printed) {
 136                         index_printed = 1;
 137                         if (indexes > 0)        /* currently a no-op */
 138                                 printf("\n");
 139                         indexes++;
 140                         printf("    "
 141                             "mask: 0x%02x 0x%08x/0x%04x -> 0x%08x/0x%04x\n",
 142                             fs->flow_mask.proto,
 143                             fs->flow_mask.src_ip, fs->flow_mask.src_port,
 144                             fs->flow_mask.dst_ip, fs->flow_mask.dst_port);
 145
 146                         printf("BKT Prot ___Source IP/port____ "
 147                             "____Dest. IP/port____ "
 148                             "Tot_pkt/bytes Pkt/Byte Drp\n");
 149                 }
 150
 151                 printf("%3d ", q[l].hash_slot);
 152                 pe = getprotobynumber(q[l].id.proto);
 153                 if (pe)
 154                         printf("%-4s ", pe->p_name);
 155                 else
 156                         printf("%4u ", q[l].id.proto);
 157                 ina.s_addr = htonl(q[l].id.src_ip);
 158                 printf("%15s/%-5d ",
 159                     inet_ntoa(ina), q[l].id.src_port);
 160                 ina.s_addr = htonl(q[l].id.dst_ip);
 161                 printf("%15s/%-5d ",
 162                     inet_ntoa(ina), q[l].id.dst_port);
 163                 printf("%4llu %8llu %2u %4u %3u\n",
 164                     align_uint64(&q[l].tot_pkts),
 165                     align_uint64(&q[l].tot_bytes),
 166                     q[l].len, q[l].len_bytes, q[l].drops);
 167                 if (co.verbose)
 168                         printf("   S %20llu  F %20llu\n",
 169                             align_uint64(&q[l].S), align_uint64(&q[l].F));
 170         }
 171
 172         /* Print IPv6 flows */
 173         index_printed = 0;
 174         for (l = 0; l < fs->rq_elements; l++) {
 175                 if (!IS_IP6_FLOW_ID(&(q[l].id)))
 176                         continue;
 177
 178                 if (!index_printed) {
 179                         index_printed = 1;
 180                         if (indexes > 0)
 181                                 printf("\n");
 182                         indexes++;
 183                         printf("\n        mask: proto: 0x%02x, flow_id: 0x%08x,  ",
 184                             fs->flow_mask.proto, fs->flow_mask.flow_id6);
 185                         inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &(fs->flow_mask.src_ip6),
 186                             buff, sizeof(buff));
 187                         printf("%s/0x%04x -> ", buff, fs->flow_mask.src_port);
 188                         inet_ntop( AF_INET6, &(fs->flow_mask.dst_ip6),
 189                             buff, sizeof(buff) );
 190                         printf("%s/0x%04x\n", buff, fs->flow_mask.dst_port);
 191
 192                         printf("BKT ___Prot___ _flow-id_ "
 193                             "______________Source IPv6/port_______________ "
 194                             "_______________Dest. IPv6/port_______________ "
 195                             "Tot_pkt/bytes Pkt/Byte Drp\n");
 196                 }
 197                 printf("%3d ", q[l].hash_slot);
 198                 pe = getprotobynumber(q[l].id.proto);
 199                 if (pe != NULL)
 200                         printf("%9s ", pe->p_name);
 201                 else
 202                         printf("%9u ", q[l].id.proto);
 203                 printf("%7d  %39s/%-5d ", q[l].id.flow_id6,
 204                     inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &(q[l].id.src_ip6), buff, sizeof(buff)),
 205                     q[l].id.src_port);
 206                 printf(" %39s/%-5d ",
 207                     inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &(q[l].id.dst_ip6), buff, sizeof(buff)),
 208                     q[l].id.dst_port);
 209                 printf(" %4llu %8llu %2u %4u %3u\n",
 210                     align_uint64(&q[l].tot_pkts),
 211                     align_uint64(&q[l].tot_bytes),
 212                     q[l].len, q[l].len_bytes, q[l].drops);
 213                 if (co.verbose)
 214                         printf("   S %20llu  F %20llu\n",
 215                             align_uint64(&q[l].S),
 216                             align_uint64(&q[l].F));
 217         }
 218 }
 219
 220 static void
 221 print_flowset_parms(struct dn_flow_set *fs, char *prefix)
 222 {
 223         int l;
 224         char qs[30];
 225         char plr[30];
 226         char red[90];   /* Display RED parameters */
 227
 228         l = fs->qsize;
 229         if (fs->flags_fs & DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES) {
 230                 if (l >= 8192)
 231                         sprintf(qs, "%d KB", l / 1024);
 232                 else
 233                         sprintf(qs, "%d B", l);
 234         } else
 235                 sprintf(qs, "%3d sl.", l);
 236         if (fs->plr)
 237                 sprintf(plr, "plr %f", 1.0 * fs->plr / (double)(0x7fffffff));
 238         else
 239                 plr[0] = '\0';
 240         if (fs->flags_fs & DN_IS_RED)   /* RED parameters */
 241                 sprintf(red,
 242                     "\n\t  %cRED w_q %f min_th %d max_th %d max_p %f",
 243                     (fs->flags_fs & DN_IS_GENTLE_RED) ? 'G' : ' ',
 244                     1.0 * fs->w_q / (double)(1 << SCALE_RED),
 245                     SCALE_VAL(fs->min_th),
 246                     SCALE_VAL(fs->max_th),
 247                     1.0 * fs->max_p / (double)(1 << SCALE_RED));
 248         else
 249                 sprintf(red, "droptail");
 250
 251         printf("%s %s%s %d queues (%d buckets) %s\n",
 252             prefix, qs, plr, fs->rq_elements, fs->rq_size, red);
 253 }
 254
 255 static void
 256 print_extra_delay_parms(struct dn_pipe *p)
 257 {
 258         double loss;
 259         if (p->samples_no <= 0)
 260                 return;
 261
 262         loss = p->loss_level;
 263         loss /= p->samples_no;
 264         printf("\t profile: name \"%s\" loss %f samples %d\n",
 265                 p->name, loss, p->samples_no);
 266 }
 267
 268 void
 269 ipfw_list_pipes(void *data, uint nbytes, int ac, char *av[])
 270 {
 271         int rulenum;
 272         void *next = data;
 273         struct dn_pipe *p = (struct dn_pipe *) data;
 274         struct dn_flow_set *fs;
 275         struct dn_flow_queue *q;
 276         int l;
 277
 278         if (ac > 0)
 279                 rulenum = strtoul(*av++, NULL, 10);
 280         else
 281                 rulenum = 0;
 282         for (; nbytes >= sizeof *p; p = (struct dn_pipe *)next) {
 283                 double b = p->bandwidth;
 284                 char buf[30];
 285                 char prefix[80];
 286                 char burst[5 + 7];
 287
 288                 if (SLIST_NEXT(p, next) != (struct dn_pipe *)DN_IS_PIPE)
 289                         break;  /* done with pipes, now queues */
 290
 291                 /*
 292                  * compute length, as pipe have variable size
 293                  */
 294                 l = sizeof(*p) + p->fs.rq_elements * sizeof(*q);
 295                 next = (char *)p + l;
 296                 nbytes -= l;
 297
 298                 if ((rulenum != 0 && rulenum != p->pipe_nr) || co.do_pipe == 2)
 299                         continue;
 300
 301                 /*
 302                  * Print rate (or clocking interface)
 303                  */
 304                 if (p->if_name[0] != '\0')
 305                         sprintf(buf, "%s", p->if_name);
 306                 else if (b == 0)
 307                         sprintf(buf, "unlimited");
 308                 else if (b >= 1000000)
 309                         sprintf(buf, "%7.3f Mbit/s", b/1000000);
 310                 else if (b >= 1000)
 311                         sprintf(buf, "%7.3f Kbit/s", b/1000);
 312                 else
 313                         sprintf(buf, "%7.3f bit/s ", b);
 314
 315                 sprintf(prefix, "%05d: %s %4d ms ",
 316                     p->pipe_nr, buf, p->delay);
 317
 318                 print_flowset_parms(&(p->fs), prefix);
 319
 320                 if (humanize_number(burst, sizeof(burst), p->burst,
 321                     "Byte", HN_AUTOSCALE, 0) < 0 || co.verbose)
 322                         printf("\t burst: %ju Byte\n", p->burst);
 323                 else
 324                         printf("\t burst: %s\n", burst);
 325
 326                 print_extra_delay_parms(p);
 327
 328                 q = (struct dn_flow_queue *)(p+1);
 329                 list_queues(&(p->fs), q);
 330         }
 331         for (fs = next; nbytes >= sizeof *fs; fs = next) {
 332                 char prefix[80];
 333
 334                 if (SLIST_NEXT(fs, next) != (struct dn_flow_set *)DN_IS_QUEUE)
 335                         break;
 336                 l = sizeof(*fs) + fs->rq_elements * sizeof(*q);
 337                 next = (char *)fs + l;
 338                 nbytes -= l;
 339
 340                 if (rulenum != 0 && ((rulenum != fs->fs_nr && co.do_pipe == 2) ||
 341                     (rulenum != fs->parent_nr && co.do_pipe == 1))) {
 342                         continue;
 343                 }
 344
 345                 q = (struct dn_flow_queue *)(fs+1);
 346                 sprintf(prefix, "q%05d: weight %d pipe %d ",
 347                     fs->fs_nr, fs->weight, fs->parent_nr);
 348                 print_flowset_parms(fs, prefix);
 349                 list_queues(fs, q);
 350         }
 351 }
 352
 353 /*
 354  * Delete pipe or queue i
 355  */
 356 int
 357 ipfw_delete_pipe(int pipe_or_queue, int i)
 358 {
 359         struct dn_pipe p;
 360
 361         memset(&p, 0, sizeof p);
 362         if (pipe_or_queue == 1)
 363                 p.pipe_nr = i;          /* pipe */
 364         else
 365                 p.fs.fs_nr = i;         /* queue */
 366         i = do_cmd(IP_DUMMYNET_DEL, &p, sizeof p);
 367         if (i) {
 368                 i = 1;
 369                 warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_DUMMYNET_DEL)", i);
 370         }
 371         return i;
 372 }
 373
 374 /*
 375  * Code to parse delay profiles.
 376  *
 377  * Some link types introduce extra delays in the transmission
 378  * of a packet, e.g. because of MAC level framing, contention on
 379  * the use of the channel, MAC level retransmissions and so on.
 380  * From our point of view, the channel is effectively unavailable
 381  * for this extra time, which is constant or variable depending
 382  * on the link type. Additionally, packets may be dropped after this
 383  * time (e.g. on a wireless link after too many retransmissions).
 384  * We can model the additional delay with an empirical curve
 385  * that represents its distribution.
 386  *
 387  *      cumulative probability
 388  *      1.0 ^
 389  *          |
 390  *      L   +-- loss-level          x
 391  *          |                 ******
 392  *          |                *
 393  *          |           *****
 394  *          |          *
 395  *          |        **
 396  *          |       *
 397  *          +-------*------------------->
 398  *                      delay
 399  *
 400  * The empirical curve may have both vertical and horizontal lines.
 401  * Vertical lines represent constant delay for a range of
 402  * probabilities; horizontal lines correspond to a discontinuty
 403  * in the delay distribution: the pipe will use the largest delay
 404  * for a given probability.
 405  *
 406  * To pass the curve to dummynet, we must store the parameters
 407  * in a file as described below, and issue the command
 408  *
 409  *      ipfw pipe <n> config ... bw XXX profile <filename> ...
 410  *
 411  * The file format is the following, with whitespace acting as
 412  * a separator and '#' indicating the beginning a comment:
 413  *
 414  *      samples N
 415  *              the number of samples used in the internal
 416  *              representation (2..1024; default 100);
 417  *
 418  *      loss-level L
 419  *              The probability above which packets are lost.
 420  *               (0.0 <= L <= 1.0, default 1.0 i.e. no loss);
 421  *
 422  *      name identifier
 423  *              Optional a name (listed by "ipfw pipe show")
 424  *              to identify the distribution;
 425  *
 426  *      "delay prob" | "prob delay"
 427  *              One of these two lines is mandatory and defines
 428  *              the format of the following lines with data points.
 429  *
 430  *      XXX YYY
 431  *              2 or more lines representing points in the curve,
 432  *              with either delay or probability first, according
 433  *              to the chosen format.
 434  *              The unit for delay is milliseconds.
 435  *
 436  * Data points does not need to be ordered or equal to the number
 437  * specified in the "samples" line. ipfw will sort and interpolate
 438  * the curve as needed.
 439  *
 440  * Example of a profile file:
 441
 442         name    bla_bla_bla
 443         samples 100
 444         loss-level    0.86
 445         prob    delay
 446         0       200     # minimum overhead is 200ms
 447         0.5     200
 448         0.5     300
 449         0.8     1000
 450         0.9     1300
 451         1       1300
 452
 453  * Internally, we will convert the curve to a fixed number of
 454  * samples, and when it is time to transmit a packet we will
 455  * model the extra delay as extra bits in the packet.
 456  *
 457  */
 458
 459 #define ED_MAX_LINE_LEN 256+ED_MAX_NAME_LEN
 460 #define ED_TOK_SAMPLES  "samples"
 461 #define ED_TOK_LOSS     "loss-level"
 462 #define ED_TOK_NAME     "name"
 463 #define ED_TOK_DELAY    "delay"
 464 #define ED_TOK_PROB     "prob"
 465 #define ED_TOK_BW       "bw"
 466 #define ED_SEPARATORS   " \t\n"
 467 #define ED_MIN_SAMPLES_NO       2
 468
 469 /*
 470  * returns 1 if s is a non-negative number, with at least one '.'
 471  */
 472 static int
 473 is_valid_number(const char *s)
 474 {
 475         int i, dots_found = 0;
 476         int len = strlen(s);
 477
 478         for (i = 0; i<len; ++i)
 479                 if (!isdigit(s[i]) && (s[i] !='.' || ++dots_found > 1))
 480                         return 0;
 481         return 1;
 482 }
 483
 484 /*
 485  * Take as input a string describing a bandwidth value
 486  * and return the numeric bandwidth value.
 487  * set clocking interface or bandwidth value
 488  */
 489 static void
 490 read_bandwidth(char *arg, int *bandwidth, char *if_name, int namelen)
 491 {
 492         if (*bandwidth != -1)
 493                 warn("duplicate token, override bandwidth value!");
 494
 495         if (arg[0] >= 'a' && arg[0] <= 'z') {
 496                 if (namelen >= IFNAMSIZ)
 497                         warn("interface name truncated");
 498                 namelen--;
 499                 /* interface name */
 500                 strncpy(if_name, arg, namelen);
 501                 if_name[namelen] = '\0';
 502                 *bandwidth = 0;
 503         } else {        /* read bandwidth value */
 504                 int bw;
 505                 char *end = NULL;
 506
 507                 bw = strtoul(arg, &end, 0);
 508                 if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k') {
 509                         end++;
 510                         bw *= 1000;
 511                 } else if (*end == 'M') {
 512                         end++;
 513                         bw *= 1000000;
 514                 }
 515                 if ((*end == 'B' &&
 516                     _substrcmp2(end, "Bi", "Bit/s") != 0) ||
 517                     _substrcmp2(end, "by", "bytes") == 0)
 518                         bw *= 8;
 519
 520                 if (bw < 0)
 521                         errx(EX_DATAERR, "bandwidth too large");
 522
 523                 *bandwidth = bw;
 524                 if_name[0] = '\0';
 525         }
 526 }
 527
 528 struct point {
 529         double prob;
 530         double delay;
 531 };
 532
 533 static int
 534 compare_points(const void *vp1, const void *vp2)
 535 {
 536         const struct point *p1 = vp1;
 537         const struct point *p2 = vp2;
 538         double res = 0;
 539
 540         res = p1->prob - p2->prob;
 541         if (res == 0)
 542                 res = p1->delay - p2->delay;
 543         if (res < 0)
 544                 return -1;
 545         else if (res > 0)
 546                 return 1;
 547         else
 548                 return 0;
 549 }
 550
 551 #define ED_EFMT(s) EX_DATAERR,"error in %s at line %d: "#s,filename,lineno
 552
 553 static void
 554 load_extra_delays(const char *filename, struct dn_pipe *p)
 555 {
 556         char    line[ED_MAX_LINE_LEN];
 557         FILE    *f;
 558         int     lineno = 0;
 559         int     i;
 560
 561         int     samples = -1;
 562         double  loss = -1.0;
 563         char    profile_name[ED_MAX_NAME_LEN];
 564         int     delay_first = -1;
 565         int     do_points = 0;
 566         struct point    points[ED_MAX_SAMPLES_NO];
 567         int     points_no = 0;
 568
 569         profile_name[0] = '\0';
 570         f = fopen(filename, "r");
 571         if (f == NULL)
 572                 err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "fopen: %s", filename);
 573
 574         while (fgets(line, ED_MAX_LINE_LEN, f)) {         /* read commands */
 575                 char *s, *cur = line, *name = NULL, *arg = NULL;
 576
 577                 ++lineno;
 578
 579                 /* parse the line */
 580                 while (cur) {
 581                         s = strsep(&cur, ED_SEPARATORS);
 582                         if (s == NULL || *s == '#')
 583                                 break;
 584                         if (*s == '\0')
 585                                 continue;
 586                         if (arg)
 587                                 errx(ED_EFMT("too many arguments"));
 588                         if (name == NULL)
 589                                 name = s;
 590                         else
 591                                 arg = s;
 592                 }
 593                 if (name == NULL)       /* empty line */
 594                         continue;
 595                 if (arg == NULL)
 596                         errx(ED_EFMT("missing arg for %s"), name);
 597
 598                 if (!strcasecmp(name, ED_TOK_SAMPLES)) {
 599                     if (samples > 0)
 600                         errx(ED_EFMT("duplicate ``samples'' line"));
 601                     if (atoi(arg) <=0)
 602                         errx(ED_EFMT("invalid number of samples"));
 603                     samples = atoi(arg);
 604                     if (samples>ED_MAX_SAMPLES_NO)
 605                             errx(ED_EFMT("too many samples, maximum is %d"),
 606                                 ED_MAX_SAMPLES_NO);
 607                     do_points = 0;
 608                 } else if (!strcasecmp(name, ED_TOK_BW)) {
 609                     read_bandwidth(arg, &p->bandwidth, p->if_name, sizeof(p->if_name));
 610                 } else if (!strcasecmp(name, ED_TOK_LOSS)) {
 611                     if (loss != -1.0)
 612                         errx(ED_EFMT("duplicated token: %s"), name);
 613                     if (!is_valid_number(arg))
 614                         errx(ED_EFMT("invalid %s"), arg);
 615                     loss = atof(arg);
 616                     if (loss > 1)
 617                         errx(ED_EFMT("%s greater than 1.0"), name);
 618                     do_points = 0;
 619                 } else if (!strcasecmp(name, ED_TOK_NAME)) {
 620                     if (profile_name[0] != '\0')
 621                         errx(ED_EFMT("duplicated token: %s"), name);
 622                     strncpy(profile_name, arg, sizeof(profile_name) - 1);
 623                     profile_name[sizeof(profile_name)-1] = '\0';
 624                     do_points = 0;
 625                 } else if (!strcasecmp(name, ED_TOK_DELAY)) {
 626                     if (do_points)
 627                         errx(ED_EFMT("duplicated token: %s"), name);
 628                     delay_first = 1;
 629                     do_points = 1;
 630                 } else if (!strcasecmp(name, ED_TOK_PROB)) {
 631                     if (do_points)
 632                         errx(ED_EFMT("duplicated token: %s"), name);
 633                     delay_first = 0;
 634                     do_points = 1;
 635                 } else if (do_points) {
 636                     if (!is_valid_number(name) || !is_valid_number(arg))
 637                         errx(ED_EFMT("invalid point found"));
 638                     if (delay_first) {
 639                         points[points_no].delay = atof(name);
 640                         points[points_no].prob = atof(arg);
 641                     } else {
 642                         points[points_no].delay = atof(arg);
 643                         points[points_no].prob = atof(name);
 644                     }
 645                     if (points[points_no].prob > 1.0)
 646                         errx(ED_EFMT("probability greater than 1.0"));
 647                     ++points_no;
 648                 } else {
 649                     errx(ED_EFMT("unrecognised command '%s'"), name);
 650                 }
 651         }
 652
 653         fclose (f);
 654
 655         if (samples == -1) {
 656             warnx("'%s' not found, assuming 100", ED_TOK_SAMPLES);
 657             samples = 100;
 658         }
 659
 660         if (loss == -1.0) {
 661             warnx("'%s' not found, assuming no loss", ED_TOK_LOSS);
 662             loss = 1;
 663         }
 664
 665         /* make sure that there are enough points. */
 666         if (points_no < ED_MIN_SAMPLES_NO)
 667             errx(ED_EFMT("too few samples, need at least %d"),
 668                 ED_MIN_SAMPLES_NO);
 669
 670         qsort(points, points_no, sizeof(struct point), compare_points);
 671
 672         /* interpolation */
 673         for (i = 0; i<points_no-1; ++i) {
 674             double y1 = points[i].prob * samples;
 675             double x1 = points[i].delay;
 676             double y2 = points[i+1].prob * samples;
 677             double x2 = points[i+1].delay;
 678
 679             int index = y1;
 680             int stop = y2;
 681
 682             if (x1 == x2) {
 683                 for (; index<stop; ++index)
 684                     p->samples[index] = x1;
 685             } else {
 686                 double m = (y2-y1)/(x2-x1);
 687                 double c = y1 - m*x1;
 688                 for (; index<stop ; ++index)
 689                     p->samples[index] = (index - c)/m;
 690             }
 691         }
 692         p->samples_no = samples;
 693         p->loss_level = loss * samples;
 694         strncpy(p->name, profile_name, sizeof(p->name));
 695 }
 696
 697 void
 698 ipfw_config_pipe(int ac, char **av)
 699 {
 700         int samples[ED_MAX_SAMPLES_NO];
 701         struct dn_pipe p;
 702         int i;
 703         char *end;
 704         void *par = NULL;
 705
 706         memset(&p, 0, sizeof p);
 707         p.bandwidth = -1;
 708
 709         av++; ac--;
 710         /* Pipe number */
 711         if (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
 712                 i = atoi(*av); av++; ac--;
 713                 if (co.do_pipe == 1)
 714                         p.pipe_nr = i;
 715                 else
 716                         p.fs.fs_nr = i;
 717         }
 718         while (ac > 0) {
 719                 double d;
 720                 int tok = match_token(dummynet_params, *av);
 721                 ac--; av++;
 722
 723                 switch(tok) {
 724                 case TOK_NOERROR:
 725                         p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_NOERROR;
 726                         break;
 727
 728                 case TOK_PLR:
 729                         NEED1("plr needs argument 0..1\n");
 730                         d = strtod(av[0], NULL);
 731                         if (d > 1)
 732                                 d = 1;
 733                         else if (d < 0)
 734                                 d = 0;
 735                         p.fs.plr = (int)(d*0x7fffffff);
 736                         ac--; av++;
 737                         break;
 738
 739                 case TOK_QUEUE:
 740                         NEED1("queue needs queue size\n");
 741                         end = NULL;
 742                         p.fs.qsize = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
 743                         if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k') {
 744                                 p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES;
 745                                 p.fs.qsize *= 1024;
 746                         } else if (*end == 'B' ||
 747                             _substrcmp2(end, "by", "bytes") == 0) {
 748                                 p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES;
 749                         }
 750                         ac--; av++;
 751                         break;
 752
 753                 case TOK_BUCKETS:
 754                         NEED1("buckets needs argument\n");
 755                         p.fs.rq_size = strtoul(av[0], NULL, 0);
 756                         ac--; av++;
 757                         break;
 758
 759                 case TOK_MASK:
 760                         NEED1("mask needs mask specifier\n");
 761                         /*
 762                          * per-flow queue, mask is dst_ip, dst_port,
 763                          * src_ip, src_port, proto measured in bits
 764                          */
 765                         par = NULL;
 766
 767                         bzero(&p.fs.flow_mask, sizeof(p.fs.flow_mask));
 768                         end = NULL;
 769
 770                         while (ac >= 1) {
 771                             uint32_t *p32 = NULL;
 772                             uint16_t *p16 = NULL;
 773                             uint32_t *p20 = NULL;
 774                             struct in6_addr *pa6 = NULL;
 775                             uint32_t a;
 776
 777                             tok = match_token(dummynet_params, *av);
 778                             ac--; av++;
 779                             switch(tok) {
 780                             case TOK_ALL:
 781                                     /*
 782                                      * special case, all bits significant
 783                                      */
 784                                     p.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip = ~0;
 785                                     p.fs.flow_mask.src_ip = ~0;
 786                                     p.fs.flow_mask.dst_port = ~0;
 787                                     p.fs.flow_mask.src_port = ~0;
 788                                     p.fs.flow_mask.proto = ~0;
 789                                     n2mask(&(p.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip6), 128);
 790                                     n2mask(&(p.fs.flow_mask.src_ip6), 128);
 791                                     p.fs.flow_mask.flow_id6 = ~0;
 792                                     p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_HAVE_FLOW_MASK;
 793                                     goto end_mask;
 794
 795                             case TOK_DSTIP:
 796                                     p32 = &p.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip;
 797                                     break;
 798
 799                             case TOK_SRCIP:
 800                                     p32 = &p.fs.flow_mask.src_ip;
 801                                     break;
 802
 803                             case TOK_DSTIP6:
 804                                     pa6 = &(p.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip6);
 805                                     break;
 806
 807                             case TOK_SRCIP6:
 808                                     pa6 = &(p.fs.flow_mask.src_ip6);
 809                                     break;
 810
 811                             case TOK_FLOWID:
 812                                     p20 = &p.fs.flow_mask.flow_id6;
 813                                     break;
 814
 815                             case TOK_DSTPORT:
 816                                     p16 = &p.fs.flow_mask.dst_port;
 817                                     break;
 818
 819                             case TOK_SRCPORT:
 820                                     p16 = &p.fs.flow_mask.src_port;
 821                                     break;
 822
 823                             case TOK_PROTO:
 824                                     break;
 825
 826                             default:
 827                                     ac++; av--; /* backtrack */
 828                                     goto end_mask;
 829                             }
 830                             if (ac < 1)
 831                                     errx(EX_USAGE, "mask: value missing");
 832                             if (*av[0] == '/') {
 833                                     a = strtoul(av[0]+1, &end, 0);
 834                                     if (pa6 == NULL)
 835                                             a = (a == 32) ? ~0 : (1 << a) - 1;
 836                             } else
 837                                     a = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
 838                             if (p32 != NULL)
 839                                     *p32 = a;
 840                             else if (p16 != NULL) {
 841                                     if (a > 0xFFFF)
 842                                             errx(EX_DATAERR,
 843                                                 "port mask must be 16 bit");
 844                                     *p16 = (uint16_t)a;
 845                             } else if (p20 != NULL) {
 846                                     if (a > 0xfffff)
 847                                         errx(EX_DATAERR,
 848                                             "flow_id mask must be 20 bit");
 849                                     *p20 = (uint32_t)a;
 850                             } else if (pa6 != NULL) {
 851                                     if (a > 128)
 852                                         errx(EX_DATAERR,
 853                                             "in6addr invalid mask len");
 854                                     else
 855                                         n2mask(pa6, a);
 856                             } else {
 857                                     if (a > 0xFF)
 858                                             errx(EX_DATAERR,
 859                                                 "proto mask must be 8 bit");
 860                                     p.fs.flow_mask.proto = (uint8_t)a;
 861                             }
 862                             if (a != 0)
 863                                     p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_HAVE_FLOW_MASK;
 864                             ac--; av++;
 865                         } /* end while, config masks */
 866 end_mask:
 867                         break;
 868
 869                 case TOK_RED:
 870                 case TOK_GRED:
 871                         NEED1("red/gred needs w_q/min_th/max_th/max_p\n");
 872                         p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_IS_RED;
 873                         if (tok == TOK_GRED)
 874                                 p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_IS_GENTLE_RED;
 875                         /*
 876                          * the format for parameters is w_q/min_th/max_th/max_p
 877                          */
 878                         if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
 879                             double w_q = strtod(end, NULL);
 880                             if (w_q > 1 || w_q <= 0)
 881                                 errx(EX_DATAERR, "0 < w_q <= 1");
 882                             p.fs.w_q = (int) (w_q * (1 << SCALE_RED));
 883                         }
 884                         if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
 885                             p.fs.min_th = strtoul(end, &end, 0);
 886                             if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k')
 887                                 p.fs.min_th *= 1024;
 888                         }
 889                         if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
 890                             p.fs.max_th = strtoul(end, &end, 0);
 891                             if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k')
 892                                 p.fs.max_th *= 1024;
 893                         }
 894                         if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
 895                             double max_p = strtod(end, NULL);
 896                             if (max_p > 1 || max_p <= 0)
 897                                 errx(EX_DATAERR, "0 < max_p <= 1");
 898                             p.fs.max_p = (int)(max_p * (1 << SCALE_RED));
 899                         }
 900                         ac--; av++;
 901                         break;
 902
 903                 case TOK_DROPTAIL:
 904                         p.fs.flags_fs &= ~(DN_IS_RED|DN_IS_GENTLE_RED);
 905                         break;
 906
 907                 case TOK_BW:
 908                         NEED1("bw needs bandwidth or interface\n");
 909                         if (co.do_pipe != 1)
 910                             errx(EX_DATAERR, "bandwidth only valid for pipes");
 911                         read_bandwidth(av[0], &p.bandwidth, p.if_name, sizeof(p.if_name));
 912                         ac--; av++;
 913                         break;
 914
 915                 case TOK_DELAY:
 916                         if (co.do_pipe != 1)
 917                                 errx(EX_DATAERR, "delay only valid for pipes");
 918                         NEED1("delay needs argument 0..10000ms\n");
 919                         p.delay = strtoul(av[0], NULL, 0);
 920                         ac--; av++;
 921                         break;
 922
 923                 case TOK_WEIGHT:
 924                         if (co.do_pipe == 1)
 925                                 errx(EX_DATAERR,"weight only valid for queues");
 926                         NEED1("weight needs argument 0..100\n");
 927                         p.fs.weight = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
 928                         ac--; av++;
 929                         break;
 930
 931                 case TOK_PIPE:
 932                         if (co.do_pipe == 1)
 933                                 errx(EX_DATAERR,"pipe only valid for queues");
 934                         NEED1("pipe needs pipe_number\n");
 935                         p.fs.parent_nr = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
 936                         ac--; av++;
 937                         break;
 938
 939                 case TOK_PIPE_PROFILE:
 940                         if (co.do_pipe != 1)
 941                             errx(EX_DATAERR, "extra delay only valid for pipes");
 942                         NEED1("extra delay needs the file name\n");
 943                         p.samples = &samples[0];
 944                         load_extra_delays(av[0], &p);
 945                         --ac; ++av;
 946                         break;
 947
 948                 case TOK_BURST:
 949                         if (co.do_pipe != 1)
 950                                 errx(EX_DATAERR, "burst only valid for pipes");
 951                         NEED1("burst needs argument\n");
 952                         errno = 0;
 953                         if (expand_number(av[0], (int64_t *)&p.burst) < 0)
 954                                 if (errno != ERANGE)
 955                                         errx(EX_DATAERR,
 956                                                 "burst: invalid argument");
 957                         if (errno || p.burst > (1ULL << 48) - 1)
 958                                 errx(EX_DATAERR,
 959                                         "burst: out of range (0..2^48-1)");
 960                         ac--; av++;
 961                         break;
 962
 963                 default:
 964                         errx(EX_DATAERR, "unrecognised option ``%s''", av[-1]);
 965                 }
 966         }
 967         if (co.do_pipe == 1) {
 968                 if (p.pipe_nr == 0)
 969                         errx(EX_DATAERR, "pipe_nr must be > 0");
 970                 if (p.delay > 10000)
 971                         errx(EX_DATAERR, "delay must be < 10000");
 972         } else { /* co.do_pipe == 2, queue */
 973                 if (p.fs.parent_nr == 0)
 974                         errx(EX_DATAERR, "pipe must be > 0");
 975                 if (p.fs.weight >100)
 976                         errx(EX_DATAERR, "weight must be <= 100");
 977         }
 978
 979         /* check for bandwidth value */
 980         if (p.bandwidth == -1) {
 981                 p.bandwidth = 0;
 982                 if (p.samples_no > 0)
 983                         errx(EX_DATAERR, "profile requires a bandwidth limit");
 984         }
 985
 986         if (p.fs.flags_fs & DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES) {
 987                 size_t len;
 988                 long limit;
 989
 990                 len = sizeof(limit);
 991                 if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.dummynet.pipe_byte_limit",
 992                         &limit, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
 993                         limit = 1024*1024;
 994                 if (p.fs.qsize > limit)
 995                         errx(EX_DATAERR, "queue size must be < %ldB", limit);
 996         } else {
 997                 size_t len;
 998                 long limit;
 999
1000                 len = sizeof(limit);
1001                 if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.dummynet.pipe_slot_limit",
1002                         &limit, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
1003                         limit = 100;
1004                 if (p.fs.qsize > limit)
1005                         errx(EX_DATAERR, "2 <= queue size <= %ld", limit);
1006         }
1007         if (p.fs.flags_fs & DN_IS_RED) {
1008                 size_t len;
1009                 int lookup_depth, avg_pkt_size;
1010                 double s, idle, weight, w_q;
1011                 struct clockinfo ck;
1012                 int t;
1013
1014                 if (p.fs.min_th >= p.fs.max_th)
1015                     errx(EX_DATAERR, "min_th %d must be < than max_th %d",
1016                         p.fs.min_th, p.fs.max_th);
1017                 if (p.fs.max_th == 0)
1018                     errx(EX_DATAERR, "max_th must be > 0");
1019
1020                 len = sizeof(int);
1021                 if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth",
1022                         &lookup_depth, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
1023                     errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")",
1024                         "net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth");
1025                 if (lookup_depth == 0)
1026                     errx(EX_DATAERR, "net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth"
1027                         " must be greater than zero");
1028
1029                 len = sizeof(int);
1030                 if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size",
1031                         &avg_pkt_size, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
1032
1033                     errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")",
1034                         "net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size");
1035                 if (avg_pkt_size == 0)
1036                         errx(EX_DATAERR,
1037                             "net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size must"
1038                             " be greater than zero");
1039
1040                 len = sizeof(struct clockinfo);
1041                 if (sysctlbyname("kern.clockrate", &ck, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
1042                         errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")", "kern.clockrate");
1043
1044                 /*
1045                  * Ticks needed for sending a medium-sized packet.
1046                  * Unfortunately, when we are configuring a WF2Q+ queue, we
1047                  * do not have bandwidth information, because that is stored
1048                  * in the parent pipe, and also we have multiple queues
1049                  * competing for it. So we set s=0, which is not very
1050                  * correct. But on the other hand, why do we want RED with
1051                  * WF2Q+ ?
1052                  */
1053                 if (p.bandwidth==0) /* this is a WF2Q+ queue */
1054                         s = 0;
1055                 else
1056                         s = (double)ck.hz * avg_pkt_size * 8 / p.bandwidth;
1057
1058                 /*
1059                  * max idle time (in ticks) before avg queue size becomes 0.
1060                  * NOTA:  (3/w_q) is approx the value x so that
1061                  * (1-w_q)^x < 10^-3.
1062                  */
1063                 w_q = ((double)p.fs.w_q) / (1 << SCALE_RED);
1064                 idle = s * 3. / w_q;
1065                 p.fs.lookup_step = (int)idle / lookup_depth;
1066                 if (!p.fs.lookup_step)
1067                         p.fs.lookup_step = 1;
1068                 weight = 1 - w_q;
1069                 for (t = p.fs.lookup_step; t > 1; --t)
1070                         weight *= 1 - w_q;
1071                 p.fs.lookup_weight = (int)(weight * (1 << SCALE_RED));
1072         }
1073         if (p.samples_no <= 0) {
1074         i = do_cmd(IP_DUMMYNET_CONFIGURE, &p, sizeof p);
1075         } else {
1076                 struct dn_pipe_max pm;
1077                 int len = sizeof(pm);
1078
1079                 memcpy(&pm.pipe, &p, sizeof(pm.pipe));
1080                 memcpy(&pm.samples, samples, sizeof(pm.samples));
1081
1082                 i = do_cmd(IP_DUMMYNET_CONFIGURE, &pm, len);
1083         }
1084
1085         if (i)
1086                 err(1, "setsockopt(%s)", "IP_DUMMYNET_CONFIGURE");
1087 }