Document Author: Bart Samwel (bart@samwel.tk)
Date created: January 2, 2004
-Last modified: April 3, 2004
+Last modified: July 10, 2004
Introduction
------------
-Laptopmode is used to minimize the time that the hard disk needs to be spun up,
+Laptop mode is used to minimize the time that the hard disk needs to be spun up,
to conserve battery power on laptops. It has been reported to cause significant
power savings.
--------
* Introduction
-* The short story
+* Installation
* Caveats
-* The details
+* The Details
* Tips & Tricks
* Control script
* ACPI integration
* Monitoring tool
-The short story
----------------
-
-If you just want to use it, run the laptop_mode control script (which is included
-at the end of this document) as follows:
-
-# laptop_mode start
+Installation
+------------
-Then set your harddisk spindown time to a relatively low value with hdparm:
+To use laptop mode, you don't need to set any kernel configuration options
+or anything. Simply install all the files included in this document, and
+laptop mode will automatically be started when you're on battery. For
+your convenience, a tarball containing an installer can be downloaded at:
-hdparm -S 4 /dev/hda
+http://www.xs4all.nl/~bsamwel/laptop_mode/tools
-The value -S 4 means 20 seconds idle time before spindown. Your harddisk will
-now only spin up when a disk cache miss occurs, or at least once every 10
-minutes to write back any pending changes.
+To configure laptop mode, you need to edit the configuration file, which is
+located in /etc/default/laptop-mode on Debian-based systems, or in
+/etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on other systems.
-To stop laptop_mode, run "laptop_mode stop".
+Unfortunately, automatic enabling of laptop mode does not work for
+laptops that don't have ACPI. On those laptops, you need to start laptop
+mode manually. To start laptop mode, run "laptop_mode start", and to
+stop it, run "laptop_mode stop". (Note: The laptop mode tools package now
+has experimental support for APM, you might want to try that first.)
Caveats
-------
-* The downside of laptop mode is that you have a chance of losing up
- to 10 minutes of work. If you cannot afford this, don't use it! It's
- wise to turn OFF laptop mode when you're almost out of battery --
- although this will make the battery run out faster, at least you'll
- lose less work when it actually runs out. I'm still looking for someone
- to submit instructions on how to turn off laptop mode when battery is low,
- e.g., using ACPI events. I don't have a laptop myself, so if you do and
- you care to contribute such instructions, please do.
+* The downside of laptop mode is that you have a chance of losing up to 10
+ minutes of work. If you cannot afford this, don't use it! The supplied ACPI
+ scripts automatically turn off laptop mode when the battery almost runs out,
+ so that you won't lose any data at the end of your battery life.
* Most desktop hard drives have a very limited lifetime measured in spindown
cycles, typically about 50.000 times (it's usually listed on the spec sheet).
* If you have your filesystems listed as type "auto" in fstab, like I did, then
the control script will not recognize them as filesystems that need remounting.
+ You must list the filesystems with their true type instead.
* It has been reported that some versions of the mutt mail client use file access
times to determine whether a folder contains new mail. If you use mutt and
- experience this, you must disable the noatime remounting in the control script
- by setting DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME=0.
+ experience this, you must disable the noatime remounting by setting the option
+ DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME to 0 in the configuration file.
-The details
+The Details
-----------
-Laptop-mode is controlled by the flag /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode. When this
-flag is set, any physical disk read operation (that might have caused the
-hard disk to spin up) causes Linux to flush all dirty blocks. The result
-of this is that after a disk has spun down, it will not be spun up anymore
-to write dirty blocks, because those blocks had already been written
-immediately after the most recent read operation
+Laptop mode is controlled by the knob /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode. This knob is
+present for all kernels that have the laptop mode patch, regardless of any
+configuration options. When the knob is set, any physical disk I/O (that might
+have caused the hard disk to spin up) causes Linux to flush all dirty blocks. The
+result of this is that after a disk has spun down, it will not be spun up
+anymore to write dirty blocks, because those blocks had already been written
+immediately after the most recent read operation. The value of the laptop_mode
+knob determines the time between the occurrence of disk I/O and when the flush
+is triggered. A sensible value for the knob is 5 seconds. Setting the knob to
+0 disables laptop mode.
To increase the effectiveness of the laptop_mode strategy, the laptop_mode
control script increases dirty_expire_centisecs and dirty_writeback_centisecs in
all block dirtyings done to files. This makes it possible to debug why a disk
needs to spin up, and to increase battery life even more. The output of
block_dump is written to the kernel output, and it can be retrieved using
-"dmesg". When you use block_dump, you may want to turn off klogd, otherwise
+"dmesg". When you use block_dump and your kernel logging level also includes
+kernel debugging messages, you probably want to turn off klogd, otherwise
the output of block_dump will be logged, causing disk activity that is not
normally there.
-If 10 minutes is too much or too little downtime for you, you can configure
-this downtime as follows. In the control script, set the MAX_AGE value to the
-maximum number of seconds of disk downtime that you would like. You should
-then set your filesystem's commit interval to the same value. The dirty ratio
-is also configurable from the control script.
-If you don't like the idea of the control script remounting your filesystems
-for you, you can change DO_REMOUNTS to 0 in the script.
+Configuration
+-------------
+
+The laptop mode configuration file is located in /etc/default/laptop-mode on
+Debian-based systems, or in /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on other systems. It
+contains the following options:
+
+MAX_AGE:
+
+Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
+confortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
+amount of work if your battery fails while you're in laptop mode.
+
+MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES:
+
+Automatically disable laptop mode if the remaining number of minutes of
+battery power is less than this value. Default is 10 minutes.
+
+AC_HD/BATT_HD:
+
+The idle timeout that should be set on your hard drive when laptop mode
+is active (BATT_HD) and when it is not active (AC_HD). The defaults are
+20 seconds (value 4) for BATT_HD and 2 hours (value 244) for AC_HD. The
+possible values are those listed in the manual page for "hdparm" for the
+"-S" option.
+
+HD:
+
+The devices for which the spindown timeout should be adjusted by laptop mode.
+Default is /dev/hda. If you specify multiple devices, separate them by a space.
+
+READAHEAD:
+
+Disk readahead, in 512-byte sectors, while laptop mode is active. A large
+readahead can prevent disk accesses for things like executable pages (which are
+loaded on demand while the application executes) and sequentially accessed data
+(MP3s).
+
+DO_REMOUNTS:
+
+The control script automatically remounts any mounted journaled filesystems
+with approriate commit interval options. When this option is set to 0, this
+feature is disabled.
+
+DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME:
+
+When remounting, should the filesystems be remounted with the noatime option?
+Normally, this is set to "1" (enabled), but there may be programs that require
+access time recording.
+
+DIRTY_RATIO:
+
+The percentage of memory that is allowed to contain "dirty" or unsaved data
+before a writeback is forced, while laptop mode is active. Corresponds to
+the /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio sysctl.
+
+DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:
+
+The percentage of memory that is allowed to contain "dirty" or unsaved data
+after a forced writeback is done due to an exceeding of DIRTY_RATIO. Set
+this nice and low. This corresponds to the /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
+sysctl.
-Thanks to Kiko Piris, the control script can be used to enable laptop mode on
-both the Linux 2.4 and 2.6 series.
+Note that the behaviour of dirty_background_ratio is quite different
+when laptop mode is active and when it isn't. When laptop mode is inactive,
+dirty_background_ratio is the threshold percentage at which background writeouts
+start taking place. When laptop mode is active, however, background writeouts
+are disabled, and the dirty_background_ratio only determines how much writeback
+is done when dirty_ratio is reached.
+
+DO_CPU:
+
+Enable CPU frequency scaling when in laptop mode. (Requires CPUFreq to be setup.
+See Documentation/cpu-freq/user-guide.txt for more info. Disabled by default.)
+
+CPU_MAXFREQ:
+
+When on battery, what is the maximum CPU speed that the system should use? Legal
+values are "slowest" for the slowest speed that your CPU is able to operate at,
+or a value listed in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies.
Tips & Tricks
-------------
* Bartek Kania reports getting up to 50 minutes of extra battery life (on top
- of his regular 3 to 3.5 hours) using very aggressive power management (hdparm
- -B1) and a spindown time of 5 seconds (hdparm -S1).
+ of his regular 3 to 3.5 hours) using a spindown time of 5 seconds (BATT_HD=1).
-* You can spin down the disk while playing MP3, by setting the disk readahead
- to 8MB (hdparm -a 16384). Effectively, the disk will read a complete MP3 at
+* You can spin down the disk while playing MP3, by setting disk readahead
+ to 8MB (READAHEAD=16384). Effectively, the disk will read a complete MP3 at
once, and will then spin down while the MP3 is playing. (Thanks to Bartek
Kania.)
this on powerbooks too. I hope that this is a piece of information that
might be useful to the Laptop Mode patch or it's users."
-* One thing which will cause disks to spin up is not-present application
- and dynamic library text pages. The kernel will load program text off disk
- on-demand, so each time you invoke an application feature for the first
- time, the kernel needs to spin the disk up to go and fetch that part of the
- application.
-
- So it is useful to increase the disk readahead parameter greatly, so that
- the kernel will pull all of the executable's pages into memory on the first
- pagefault.
-
- The supplied script does this.
-
* In syslog.conf, you can prefix entries with a dash ``-'' to omit syncing the
file after every logging. When you're using laptop-mode and your disk doesn't
spin down, this is a likely culprit.
(http://noflushd.sourceforge.net/), it seems that noflushd prevents laptop-mode
from doing its thing.
+* If you're worried about your data, you might want to consider using a USB
+ memory stick or something like that as a "working area". (Be aware though
+ that flash memory can only handle a limited number of writes, and overuse
+ may wear out your memory stick pretty quickly. Do _not_ use journalling
+ filesystems on flash memory sticks.)
+
+
+Configuration file for control and ACPI battery scripts
+-------------------------------------------------------
+
+This allows the tunables to be changed for the scripts via an external
+configuration file
+
+It should be installed as /etc/default/laptop-mode on Debian, and as
+/etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on Red Hat, SUSE, Mandrake, and other work-alikes.
+
+--------------------CONFIG FILE BEGIN-------------------------------------------
+# Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
+# confortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
+# amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode.
+#MAX_AGE=600
+
+# Automatically disable laptop mode when the number of minutes of battery
+# that you have left goes below this threshold.
+MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES=10
+
+# Read-ahead, in 512-byte sectors. You can spin down the disk while playing MP3/OGG
+# by setting the disk readahead to 8MB (READAHEAD=16384). Effectively, the disk
+# will read a complete MP3 at once, and will then spin down while the MP3/OGG is
+# playing.
+#READAHEAD=4096
+
+# Shall we remount journaled fs. with appropiate commit interval? (1=yes)
+#DO_REMOUNTS=1
+
+# And shall we add the "noatime" option to that as well? (1=yes)
+#DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME=1
+
+# Dirty synchronous ratio. At this percentage of dirty pages the process
+# which
+# calls write() does its own writeback
+#DIRTY_RATIO=40
+
+#
+# Allowed dirty background ratio, in percent. Once DIRTY_RATIO has been
+# exceeded, the kernel will wake pdflush which will then reduce the amount
+# of dirty memory to dirty_background_ratio. Set this nice and low, so once
+# some writeout has commenced, we do a lot of it.
+#
+#DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=5
+
+# kernel default dirty buffer age
+#DEF_AGE=30
+#DEF_UPDATE=5
+#DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=10
+#DEF_DIRTY_RATIO=40
+#DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER=15
+#DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL=30
+#DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL=1
+
+# This must be adjusted manually to the value of HZ in the running kernel
+# on 2.4, until the XFS people change their 2.4 external interfaces to work in
+# centisecs. This can be automated, but it's a work in progress that still
+# needs# some fixes. On 2.6 kernels, XFS uses USER_HZ instead of HZ for
+# external interfaces, and that is currently always set to 100. So you don't
+# need to change this on 2.6.
+#XFS_HZ=100
+
+# Should the maximum CPU frequency be adjusted down while on battery?
+# Requires CPUFreq to be setup.
+# See Documentation/cpu-freq/user-guide.txt for more info
+#DO_CPU=0
+
+# When on battery what is the maximum CPU speed that the system should
+# use? Legal values are "slowest" for the slowest speed that your
+# CPU is able to operate at, or a value listed in:
+# /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies
+# Only applicable if DO_CPU=1.
+#CPU_MAXFREQ=slowest
+
+# Idle timeout for your hard drive (man hdparm for valid values, -S option)
+# Default is 2 hours on AC (AC_HD=244) and 20 seconds for battery (BATT_HD=4).
+#AC_HD=244
+#BATT_HD=4
+
+# The drives for which to adjust the idle timeout. Separate them by a space,
+# e.g. HD="/dev/hda /dev/hdb".
+#HD="/dev/hda"
+
+# Set the spindown timeout on a hard drive?
+#DO_HD=1
+
+--------------------CONFIG FILE END---------------------------------------------
+
Control script
--------------
-Please note that this control script works for the Linux 2.4 and 2.6 series.
+Please note that this control script works for the Linux 2.4 and 2.6 series (thanks
+to Kiko Piris).
---------------------CONTROL SCRIPT BEGIN------------------------------------------
-#! /bin/sh
+--------------------CONTROL SCRIPT BEGIN----------------------------------------
+#!/bin/bash
# start or stop laptop_mode, best run by a power management daemon when
# ac gets connected/disconnected from a laptop
# Bart Samwel
# Micha Feigin
# Andrew Morton
+# Herve Eychenne
# Dax Kelson
#
# Original Linux 2.4 version by: Jens Axboe
+#############################################################################
+
+# Source config
+if [ -f /etc/default/laptop-mode ] ; then
+ # Debian
+ . /etc/default/laptop-mode
+elif [ -f /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode ] ; then
+ # Others
+ . /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode
+fi
+
+# Don't raise an error if the config file is incomplete
+# set defaults instead:
+
+# Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
+# confortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
+# amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode.
+MAX_AGE=${MAX_AGE:-'600'}
+
+# Read-ahead, in kilobytes
+READAHEAD=${READAHEAD:-'4096'}
+
+# Shall we remount journaled fs. with appropiate commit interval? (1=yes)
+DO_REMOUNTS=${DO_REMOUNTS:-'1'}
+
+# And shall we add the "noatime" option to that as well? (1=yes)
+DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME=${DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME:-'1'}
+
+# Shall we adjust the idle timeout on a hard drive?
+DO_HD=${DO_HD:-'1'}
+
+# Adjust idle timeout on which hard drive?
+HD="${HD:-'/dev/hda'}"
+
+# spindown time for HD (hdparm -S values)
+AC_HD=${AC_HD:-'244'}
+BATT_HD=${BATT_HD:-'4'}
+
+# Dirty synchronous ratio. At this percentage of dirty pages the process which
+# calls write() does its own writeback
+DIRTY_RATIO=${DIRTY_RATIO:-'40'}
+
+# cpu frequency scaling
+# See Documentation/cpu-freq/user-guide.txt for more info
+DO_CPU=${CPU_MANAGE:-'0'}
+CPU_MAXFREQ=${CPU_MAXFREQ:-'slowest'}
+
+#
+# Allowed dirty background ratio, in percent. Once DIRTY_RATIO has been
+# exceeded, the kernel will wake pdflush which will then reduce the amount
+# of dirty memory to dirty_background_ratio. Set this nice and low, so once
+# some writeout has commenced, we do a lot of it.
+#
+DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=${DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:-'5'}
+
+# kernel default dirty buffer age
+DEF_AGE=${DEF_AGE:-'30'}
+DEF_UPDATE=${DEF_UPDATE:-'5'}
+DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=${DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:-'10'}
+DEF_DIRTY_RATIO=${DEF_DIRTY_RATIO:-'40'}
+DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER=${DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER:-'15'}
+DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL=${DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL:-'30'}
+DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL=${DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL:-'1'}
+
+# This must be adjusted manually to the value of HZ in the running kernel
+# on 2.4, until the XFS people change their 2.4 external interfaces to work in
+# centisecs. This can be automated, but it's a work in progress that still needs
+# some fixes. On 2.6 kernels, XFS uses USER_HZ instead of HZ for external
+# interfaces, and that is currently always set to 100. So you don't need to
+# change this on 2.6.
+XFS_HZ=${XFS_HZ:-'100'}
+
+#############################################################################
+
+KLEVEL="$(uname -r |
+ {
+ IFS='.' read a b c
+ echo $a.$b
+ }
+)"
+case "$KLEVEL" in
+ "2.4"|"2.6")
+ ;;
+ *)
+ echo "Unhandled kernel version: $KLEVEL ('uname -r' = '$(uname -r)')" >&2
+ exit 1
+ ;;
+esac
+
+if [ ! -e /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ] ; then
+ echo "Kernel is not patched with laptop_mode patch." >&2
+ exit 1
+fi
+
+if [ ! -w /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ] ; then
+ echo "You do not have enough privileges to enable laptop_mode." >&2
+ exit 1
+fi
+
# Remove an option (the first parameter) of the form option=<number> from
# a mount options string (the rest of the parameters).
parse_mount_opts () {
OPT="$1"
shift
- echo "$*" | \
- sed 's/.*/,&,/' | \
- sed 's/,'"$OPT"'=[0-9]*,/,/g' | \
- sed 's/,,*/,/g' | \
- sed 's/^,//' | \
- sed 's/,$//' | \
- cat -
+ echo ",$*," | sed \
+ -e 's/,'"$OPT"'=[0-9]*,/,/g' \
+ -e 's/,,*/,/g' \
+ -e 's/^,//' \
+ -e 's/,$//'
}
# Remove an option (the first parameter) without any arguments from
parse_nonumber_mount_opts () {
OPT="$1"
shift
- echo "$*" | \
- sed 's/.*/,&,/' | \
- sed 's/,'"$OPT"',/,/g' | \
- sed 's/,,*/,/g' | \
- sed 's/^,//' | \
- sed 's/,$//' | \
- cat -
+ echo ",$*," | sed \
+ -e 's/,'"$OPT"',/,/g' \
+ -e 's/,,*/,/g' \
+ -e 's/^,//' \
+ -e 's/,$//'
}
# Find out the state of a yes/no option (e.g. "atime"/"noatime") in
# If fstab contains, say, "rw" for this filesystem, then the result
# will be "defaults,atime".
parse_yesno_opts_wfstab () {
- L_DEV=$1
- shift
- OPT=$1
- shift
- DEF_OPT=$1
- shift
+ L_DEV="$1"
+ OPT="$2"
+ DEF_OPT="$3"
+ shift 3
L_OPTS="$*"
PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_nonumber_mount_opts $OPT $L_OPTS)"
PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_nonumber_mount_opts no$OPT $PARSEDOPTS1)"
# Watch for a default atime in fstab
- FSTAB_OPTS="$(cat /etc/fstab | sed 's/ / /g' | grep ^\ *"$L_DEV " | awk '{ print $4 }')"
- if [ -z "$(echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "$OPT")" ] ; then
- # option not specified in fstab -- choose the default.
- echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$DEF_OPT"
- else
+ FSTAB_OPTS="$(awk '$1 == "'$L_DEV'" { print $4 }' /etc/fstab)"
+ if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "$OPT" > /dev/null ; then
# option specified in fstab: extract the value and use it
- if [ -z "$(echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "no$OPT")" ] ; then
+ if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "no$OPT" > /dev/null ; then
+ echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,no$OPT"
+ else
# no$OPT not found -- so we must have $OPT.
echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT"
- else
- echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,no$OPT"
fi
+ else
+ # option not specified in fstab -- choose the default.
+ echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$DEF_OPT"
fi
}
# If fstab contains, say, "commit=3,rw" for this filesystem, then the
# result will be "rw,commit=3".
parse_mount_opts_wfstab () {
- L_DEV=$1
- shift
- OPT=$1
- shift
+ L_DEV="$1"
+ OPT="$2"
+ shift 2
L_OPTS="$*"
-
PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_mount_opts $OPT $L_OPTS)"
# Watch for a default commit in fstab
- FSTAB_OPTS="$(cat /etc/fstab | sed 's/ / /g' | grep ^\ *"$L_DEV " | awk '{ print $4 }')"
- if [ -z "$(echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "$OPT=")" ] ; then
- # option not specified in fstab: set it to 0
- echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT=0"
- else
+ FSTAB_OPTS="$(awk '$1 == "'$L_DEV'" { print $4 }' /etc/fstab)"
+ if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "$OPT=" > /dev/null ; then
# option specified in fstab: extract the value, and use it
echo -n "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT="
- echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | \
- sed 's/.*/,&,/' | \
- sed 's/.*,'"$OPT"'=//' | \
- sed 's/,.*//' | \
- cat -
+ echo ",$FSTAB_OPTS," | sed \
+ -e 's/.*,'"$OPT"'=//' \
+ -e 's/,.*//'
+ else
+ # option not specified in fstab: set it to 0
+ echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT=0"
fi
}
-KLEVEL=$(
- uname -r |
- (
- IFS="." read a b c
- echo $a.$b
- )
- )
-case "$KLEVEL" in
- "2.4"|"2.6")
- true
- ;;
- *)
- echo "Unhandled kernel version: $KLEVEL ('uname -r' = '$(uname -r)')"
- exit 1
- ;;
-esac
-
-# Shall we remount journaled fs. with appropiate commit interval? (1=yes)
-DO_REMOUNTS=1
-
-# And shall we add the "noatime" option to that as well? (1=yes)
-DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME=1
-
-# age time, in seconds. should be put into a sysconfig file
-MAX_AGE=600
-
-# Dirty synchronous ratio. At this percentage of dirty pages the process which
-# calls write() does its own writeback
-DIRTY_RATIO=40
-
-#
-# Allowed dirty background ratio, in percent. Once DIRTY_RATIO has been
-# exceeded, the kernel will wake pdflush which will then reduce the amount
-# of dirty memory to dirty_background_ratio. Set this nice and low, so once
-# some writeout has commenced, we do a lot of it.
-#
-DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=5
-
-READAHEAD=4096 # kilobytes
-
-# kernel default dirty buffer age
-DEF_AGE=30
-DEF_UPDATE=5
-DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=10
-DEF_DIRTY_RATIO=40
-DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER=15
-DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL=30
-DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL=1
-
-# This must be adjusted manually to the value of HZ in the running kernel
-# on 2.4, until the XFS people change their 2.4 external interfaces to work in
-# centisecs. This can be automated, but it's a work in progress that still needs
-# some fixes. On 2.6 kernels, XFS uses USER_HZ instead of HZ for external
-# interfaces, and that is currently always set to 100. So you don't need to
-# change this on 2.6.
-XFS_HZ=100
-
-if [ ! -e /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ]; then
- echo "Kernel is not patched with laptop_mode patch."
- exit 1
-fi
-
-if [ ! -w /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ]; then
- echo "You do not have enough privileges to enable laptop_mode."
- exit 1
-fi
+deduce_fstype () {
+ MP="$1"
+ # My root filesystem unfortunately has
+ # type "unknown" in /etc/mtab. If we encounter
+ # "unknown", we try to get the type from fstab.
+ cat /etc/fstab |
+ grep -v '^#' |
+ while read FSTAB_DEV FSTAB_MP FSTAB_FST FSTAB_OPTS FSTAB_DUMP FSTAB_DUMP ; do
+ if [ "$FSTAB_MP" = "$MP" ]; then
+ echo $FSTAB_FST
+ exit 0
+ fi
+ done
+}
-if [ $DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME -eq 1 ]; then
+if [ $DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME -eq 1 ] ; then
NOATIME_OPT=",noatime"
fi
case "$KLEVEL" in
"2.4")
- echo "1" > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
+ echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
echo "30 500 0 0 $AGE $AGE 60 20 0" > /proc/sys/vm/bdflush
;;
"2.6")
- echo "5" > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
+ echo 5 > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
echo "$AGE" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs
echo "$AGE" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_expire_centisecs
echo "$DIRTY_RATIO" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio
if [ $DO_REMOUNTS -eq 1 ]; then
cat /etc/mtab | while read DEV MP FST OPTS DUMP PASS ; do
PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts "$OPTS")"
+ if [ "$FST" = 'unknown' ]; then
+ FST=$(deduce_fstype $MP)
+ fi
case "$FST" in
"ext3"|"reiserfs")
PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts commit "$OPTS")"
fi
done
fi
+ if [ $DO_HD -eq 1 ] ; then
+ for THISHD in $HD ; do
+ /sbin/hdparm -S $BATT_HD $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
+ /sbin/hdparm -B 1 $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
+ done
+ fi
+ if [ $DO_CPU -eq 1 -a -e /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq ]; then
+ if [ $CPU_MAXFREQ = 'slowest' ]; then
+ CPU_MAXFREQ=`cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq`
+ fi
+ echo $CPU_MAXFREQ > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq
+ fi
echo "."
;;
stop)
U_AGE=$((100*$DEF_UPDATE))
B_AGE=$((100*$DEF_AGE))
echo -n "Stopping laptop_mode"
- echo "0" > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
- if [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer ] && [ ! -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer ] ; then
+ echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
+ if [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer -a ! -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer ] ; then
# These need to be restored, if there are no lm_*.
- echo "$(($XFS_HZ*$DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER))" > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer
- echo "$(($XFS_HZ*$DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL))" > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/sync_interval
+ echo $(($XFS_HZ*$DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer
+ echo $(($XFS_HZ*$DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/sync_interval
elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs ] ; then
# These need to be restored as well.
- echo "$((100*$DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER))" > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs
- echo "$((100*$DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL))" > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfssyncd_centisecs
- echo "$((100*$DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL))" > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfsbufd_centisecs
+ echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs
+ echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfssyncd_centisecs
+ echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfsbufd_centisecs
fi
case "$KLEVEL" in
"2.4")
echo "$DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
;;
esac
- if [ $DO_REMOUNTS -eq 1 ]; then
+ if [ $DO_REMOUNTS -eq 1 ] ; then
cat /etc/mtab | while read DEV MP FST OPTS DUMP PASS ; do
# Reset commit and atime options to defaults.
+ if [ "$FST" = 'unknown' ]; then
+ FST=$(deduce_fstype $MP)
+ fi
case "$FST" in
"ext3"|"reiserfs")
PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts_wfstab $DEV commit $OPTS)"
fi
done
fi
+ if [ $DO_HD -eq 1 ] ; then
+ for THISHD in $HD ; do
+ /sbin/hdparm -S $AC_HD $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
+ /sbin/hdparm -B 255 $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
+ done
+ fi
+ if [ $DO_CPU -eq 1 -a -e /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq ]; then
+ echo `cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_max_freq` > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq
+ fi
echo "."
;;
*)
- echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
+ echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}" 2>&1
+ exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
-
---------------------CONTROL SCRIPT END--------------------------------------------
+--------------------CONTROL SCRIPT END------------------------------------------
ACPI integration
----------------
Dax Kelson submitted this so that the ACPI acpid daemon will
-kick off the laptop_mode script and run hdparm.
+kick off the laptop_mode script and run hdparm. The part that
+automatically disables laptop mode when the battery is low was
+writen by Jan Topinski.
----------------------------/etc/acpi/events/ac_adapter BEGIN-------------------------------------------
+-----------------/etc/acpi/events/ac_adapter BEGIN------------------------------
event=ac_adapter
-action=/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh
----------------------------/etc/acpi/events/ac_adapter END-------------------------------------------
+action=/etc/acpi/actions/ac.sh %e
+----------------/etc/acpi/events/ac_adapter END---------------------------------
+
----------------------------/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh BEGIN-------------------------------------------
-#!/bin/sh
+-----------------/etc/acpi/events/battery BEGIN---------------------------------
+event=battery.*
+action=/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh %e
+----------------/etc/acpi/events/battery END------------------------------------
-# cpu throttling
-# cat /proc/acpi/processor/CPU0/throttling for more info
-ACAD_THR=0
-BATT_THR=2
-# spindown time for HD (man hdparm for valid values)
-# I prefer 2 hours for acad and 20 seconds for batt
-ACAD_HD=244
-BATT_HD=4
+----------------/etc/acpi/actions/ac.sh BEGIN-----------------------------------
+#!/bin/bash
-# ac/battery event handler
+# ac on/offline event handler
-status=`awk '/^state: / { print $2 }' /proc/acpi/ac_adapter/AC/state`
+status=`awk '/^state: / { print $2 }' /proc/acpi/ac_adapter/$2/state`
case $status in
"on-line")
- echo "Setting HD spindown for AC mode."
/sbin/laptop_mode stop
- /sbin/hdparm -S $ACAD_HD /dev/hda > /dev/null 2>&1
- /sbin/hdparm -B 255 /dev/hda > /dev/null 2>&1
- #echo -n $ACAD_CPU:$ACAD_THR > /proc/acpi/processor/CPU0/limit
exit 0
;;
"off-line")
- echo "Setting HD spindown for battery mode."
/sbin/laptop_mode start
- /sbin/hdparm -S $BATT_HD /dev/hda > /dev/null 2>&1
- /sbin/hdparm -B 1 /dev/hda > /dev/null 2>&1
- #echo -n $BATT_CPU:$BATT_THR > /proc/acpi/processor/CPU0/limit
exit 0
;;
esac
----------------------------/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh END-------------------------------------------
+---------------------------/etc/acpi/actions/ac.sh END--------------------------
+
+
+---------------------------/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh BEGIN-------------------
+#! /bin/bash
+
+# Automatically disable laptop mode when the battery almost runs out.
+
+BATT_INFO=/proc/acpi/battery/$2/state
+
+if [[ -f /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ]]
+then
+ LM=`cat /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode`
+ if [[ $LM -gt 0 ]]
+ then
+ if [[ -f $BATT_INFO ]]
+ then
+ # Source the config file only now that we know we need
+ if [ -f /etc/default/laptop-mode ] ; then
+ # Debian
+ . /etc/default/laptop-mode
+ elif [ -f /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode ] ; then
+ # Others
+ . /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode
+ fi
+ MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES=${MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES:-'10'}
+
+ ACTION="`cat $BATT_INFO | grep charging | cut -c 26-`"
+ if [[ ACTION -eq "discharging" ]]
+ then
+ PRESENT_RATE=`cat $BATT_INFO | grep "present rate:" | sed "s/.* \([0-9][0-9]* \).*/\1/" `
+ REMAINING=`cat $BATT_INFO | grep "remaining capacity:" | sed "s/.* \([0-9][0-9]* \).*/\1/" `
+ fi
+ if (($REMAINING * 60 / $PRESENT_RATE < $MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES))
+ then
+ /sbin/laptop_mode stop
+ fi
+ else
+ logger -p daemon.warning "You are using laptop mode and your battery interface $BATT_INFO is missing. This may lead to loss of data when the battery runs out. Check kernel ACPI support and /proc/acpi/battery folder, and edit /etc/acpi/battery.sh to set BATT_INFO to the correct path."
+ fi
+ fi
+fi
+---------------------------/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh END--------------------
+
Monitoring tool
---------------
Bartek Kania submitted this, it can be used to measure how much time your disk
spends spun up/down.
----------------------------dslm.c BEGIN-------------------------------------------
+---------------------------dslm.c BEGIN-----------------------------------------
/*
* Simple Disk Sleep Monitor
* by Bartek Kania
return 0;
}
----------------------------dslm.c END---------------------------------------------
+---------------------------dslm.c END-------------------------------------------
git://git.onelab.eu / linux-2.6.git / blobdiff