vserver 2.0 rc7
[linux-2.6.git] / arch / um / drivers / ubd_kern.c
index 53fba09..2a7f689 100644 (file)
 #include "irq_user.h"
 #include "irq_kern.h"
 #include "ubd_user.h"
-#include "2_5compat.h"
 #include "os.h"
 #include "mem.h"
 #include "mem_kern.h"
+#include "cow.h"
+
+enum ubd_req { UBD_READ, UBD_WRITE };
+
+struct io_thread_req {
+       enum ubd_req op;
+       int fds[2];
+       unsigned long offsets[2];
+       unsigned long long offset;
+       unsigned long length;
+       char *buffer;
+       int sectorsize;
+       unsigned long sector_mask;
+       unsigned long long cow_offset;
+       unsigned long bitmap_words[2];
+       int error;
+};
+
+extern int open_ubd_file(char *file, struct openflags *openflags,
+                        char **backing_file_out, int *bitmap_offset_out,
+                        unsigned long *bitmap_len_out, int *data_offset_out,
+                        int *create_cow_out);
+extern int create_cow_file(char *cow_file, char *backing_file,
+                          struct openflags flags, int sectorsize,
+                          int alignment, int *bitmap_offset_out,
+                          unsigned long *bitmap_len_out,
+                          int *data_offset_out);
+extern int read_cow_bitmap(int fd, void *buf, int offset, int len);
+extern void do_io(struct io_thread_req *req);
+
+static inline int ubd_test_bit(__u64 bit, unsigned char *data)
+{
+       __u64 n;
+       int bits, off;
+
+       bits = sizeof(data[0]) * 8;
+       n = bit / bits;
+       off = bit % bits;
+       return((data[n] & (1 << off)) != 0);
+}
+
+static inline void ubd_set_bit(__u64 bit, unsigned char *data)
+{
+       __u64 n;
+       int bits, off;
+
+       bits = sizeof(data[0]) * 8;
+       n = bit / bits;
+       off = bit % bits;
+       data[n] |= (1 << off);
+}
+/*End stuff from ubd_user.h*/
 
-static spinlock_t ubd_io_lock = SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
-static spinlock_t ubd_lock = SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
+#define DRIVER_NAME "uml-blkdev"
+
+static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(ubd_io_lock);
+static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(ubd_lock);
 
 static void (*do_ubd)(void);
 
@@ -66,10 +119,6 @@ static int ubd_ioctl(struct inode * inode, struct file * file,
 
 #define MAX_DEV (8)
 
-/* Changed in early boot */
-static int ubd_do_mmap = 0;
-#define UBD_MMAP_BLOCK_SIZE PAGE_SIZE
-
 static struct block_device_operations ubd_blops = {
         .owner         = THIS_MODULE,
         .open          = ubd_open,
@@ -100,6 +149,7 @@ static struct gendisk *fake_gendisk[MAX_DEV];
 static struct openflags global_openflags = OPEN_FLAGS;
 
 struct cow {
+       /* This is the backing file, actually */
        char *file;
        int fd;
        unsigned long *bitmap;
@@ -117,12 +167,7 @@ struct ubd {
        struct openflags openflags;
        int no_cow;
        struct cow cow;
-
-       int map_writes;
-       int map_reads;
-       int nomap_writes;
-       int nomap_reads;
-       int write_maps;
+       struct platform_device pdev;
 };
 
 #define DEFAULT_COW { \
@@ -142,11 +187,6 @@ struct ubd {
        .openflags =            OPEN_FLAGS, \
         .no_cow =               0, \
         .cow =                 DEFAULT_COW, \
-       .map_writes             = 0, \
-       .map_reads              = 0, \
-       .nomap_writes           = 0, \
-       .nomap_reads            = 0, \
-       .write_maps             = 0, \
 }
 
 struct ubd ubd_dev[MAX_DEV] = { [ 0 ... MAX_DEV - 1 ] = DEFAULT_UBD };
@@ -169,7 +209,7 @@ static struct proc_dir_entry *proc_ide = NULL;
 
 static void make_proc_ide(void)
 {
-       proc_ide_root = proc_mkdir("ide", 0);
+       proc_ide_root = proc_mkdir("ide", NULL);
        proc_ide = proc_mkdir("ide0", proc_ide_root);
 }
 
@@ -247,7 +287,7 @@ static int ubd_setup_common(char *str, int *index_out)
        struct ubd *dev;
        struct openflags flags = global_openflags;
        char *backing_file;
-       int n, err;
+       int n, err, i;
 
        if(index_out) *index_out = -1;
        n = *str;
@@ -256,15 +296,8 @@ static int ubd_setup_common(char *str, int *index_out)
                int major;
 
                str++;
-               if(!strcmp(str, "mmap")){
-                       CHOOSE_MODE(printk("mmap not supported by the ubd "
-                                          "driver in tt mode\n"),
-                                   ubd_do_mmap = 1);
-                       return(0);
-               }
-
                if(!strcmp(str, "sync")){
-                       global_openflags.s = 1;
+                       global_openflags = of_sync(global_openflags);
                        return(0);
                }
                major = simple_strtoul(str, &end, 0);
@@ -309,31 +342,47 @@ static int ubd_setup_common(char *str, int *index_out)
        dev = &ubd_dev[n];
        if(dev->file != NULL){
                printk(KERN_ERR "ubd_setup : device already configured\n");
-               goto out2;
+               goto out;
        }
 
-       if(index_out) *index_out = n;
-
-       if (*str == 'r'){
-               flags.w = 0;
-               str++;
-       }
-       if (*str == 's'){
-               flags.s = 1;
-               str++;
-       }
-       if (*str == 'd'){
-               dev->no_cow = 1;
+       if (index_out)
+               *index_out = n;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+               switch (*str) {
+               case 'r':
+                       flags.w = 0;
+                       break;
+               case 's':
+                       flags.s = 1;
+                       break;
+               case 'd':
+                       dev->no_cow = 1;
+                       break;
+               case '=':
+                       str++;
+                       goto break_loop;
+               default:
+                       printk(KERN_ERR "ubd_setup : Expected '=' or flag letter (r,s or d)\n");
+                       goto out;
+               }
                str++;
        }
 
-       if(*str++ != '='){
+        if (*str == '=')
+               printk(KERN_ERR "ubd_setup : Too many flags specified\n");
+        else
                printk(KERN_ERR "ubd_setup : Expected '='\n");
-               goto out2;
-       }
+       goto out;
 
+break_loop:
        err = 0;
        backing_file = strchr(str, ',');
+
+       if (!backing_file) {
+               backing_file = strchr(str, ':');
+       }
+
        if(backing_file){
                if(dev->no_cow)
                        printk(KERN_ERR "Can't specify both 'd' and a "
@@ -346,7 +395,7 @@ static int ubd_setup_common(char *str, int *index_out)
        dev->file = str;
        dev->cow.file = backing_file;
        dev->boot_openflags = flags;
- out2:
+out:
        spin_unlock(&ubd_lock);
        return(err);
 }
@@ -359,17 +408,41 @@ static int ubd_setup(char *str)
 
 __setup("ubd", ubd_setup);
 __uml_help(ubd_setup,
-"ubd<n>=<filename>\n"
+"ubd<n><flags>=<filename>[(:|,)<filename2>]\n"
 "    This is used to associate a device with a file in the underlying\n"
-"    filesystem. Usually, there is a filesystem in the file, but \n"
+"    filesystem. When specifying two filenames, the first one is the\n"
+"    COW name and the second is the backing file name. As separator you can\n"
+"    use either a ':' or a ',': the first one allows writing things like;\n"
+"      ubd0=~/Uml/root_cow:~/Uml/root_backing_file\n"
+"    while with a ',' the shell would not expand the 2nd '~'.\n"
+"    When using only one filename, UML will detect whether to thread it like\n"
+"    a COW file or a backing file. To override this detection, add the 'd'\n"
+"    flag:\n"
+"      ubd0d=BackingFile\n"
+"    Usually, there is a filesystem in the file, but \n"
 "    that's not required. Swap devices containing swap files can be\n"
 "    specified like this. Also, a file which doesn't contain a\n"
 "    filesystem can have its contents read in the virtual \n"
-"    machine by running dd on the device. n must be in the range\n"
+"    machine by running 'dd' on the device. <n> must be in the range\n"
 "    0 to 7. Appending an 'r' to the number will cause that device\n"
 "    to be mounted read-only. For example ubd1r=./ext_fs. Appending\n"
-"    an 's' (has to be _after_ 'r', if there is one) will cause data\n"
-"    to be written to disk on the host immediately.\n\n"
+"    an 's' will cause data to be written to disk on the host immediately.\n\n"
+);
+
+static int udb_setup(char *str)
+{
+       printk("udb%s specified on command line is almost certainly a ubd -> "
+              "udb TYPO\n", str);
+       return(1);
+}
+
+__setup("udb", udb_setup);
+__uml_help(udb_setup,
+"udb\n"
+"    This option is here solely to catch ubd -> udb typos, which can be\n"
+"    to impossible to catch visually unless you specifically look for\n"
+"    them.  The only result of any option starting with 'udb' is an error\n"
+"    in the boot output.\n\n"
 );
 
 static int fakehd_set = 0;
@@ -426,11 +499,11 @@ static void ubd_handler(void)
 {
        struct io_thread_req req;
        struct request *rq = elv_next_request(ubd_queue);
-       int n, err;
+       int n;
 
        do_ubd = NULL;
        intr_count++;
-       n = read_ubd_fs(thread_fd, &req, sizeof(req));
+       n = os_read_file(thread_fd, &req, sizeof(req));
        if(n != sizeof(req)){
                printk(KERN_ERR "Pid %d - spurious interrupt in ubd_handler, "
                       "err = %d\n", os_getpid(), -n);
@@ -440,19 +513,6 @@ static void ubd_handler(void)
                return;
        }
         
-       if((req.op != UBD_MMAP) &&
-          ((req.offset != ((__u64) (rq->sector)) << 9) ||
-           (req.length != (rq->current_nr_sectors) << 9)))
-               panic("I/O op mismatch");
-       
-       if(req.map_fd != -1){
-               err = physmem_subst_mapping(req.buffer, req.map_fd,
-                                           req.map_offset, 1);
-               if(err)
-                       printk("ubd_handler - physmem_subst_mapping failed, "
-                              "err = %d\n", -err);
-       }
-
        ubd_finish(rq, req.error);
        reactivate_fd(thread_fd, UBD_IRQ);      
        do_ubd_request(ubd_queue);
@@ -485,14 +545,10 @@ static int ubd_file_size(struct ubd *dev, __u64 *size_out)
 
 static void ubd_close(struct ubd *dev)
 {
-       if(ubd_do_mmap)
-               physmem_forget_descriptor(dev->fd);
        os_close_file(dev->fd);
        if(dev->cow.file == NULL)
                return;
 
-       if(ubd_do_mmap)
-               physmem_forget_descriptor(dev->cow.fd);
        os_close_file(dev->cow.fd);
        vfree(dev->cow.bitmap);
        dev->cow.bitmap = NULL;
@@ -524,7 +580,11 @@ static int ubd_open_dev(struct ubd *dev)
                }
        }
 
-       if(dev->fd < 0) return(dev->fd);
+       if(dev->fd < 0){
+               printk("Failed to open '%s', errno = %d\n", dev->file,
+                      -dev->fd);
+               return(dev->fd);
+       }
 
        if(dev->cow.file != NULL){
                err = -ENOMEM;
@@ -585,6 +645,14 @@ static int ubd_new_disk(int major, u64 size, int unit,
                sprintf(disk->devfs_name, "ubd_fake/disc%d", unit);
        }
 
+       /* sysfs register (not for ide fake devices) */
+       if (major == MAJOR_NR) {
+               ubd_dev[unit].pdev.id   = unit;
+               ubd_dev[unit].pdev.name = DRIVER_NAME;
+               platform_device_register(&ubd_dev[unit].pdev);
+               disk->driverfs_dev = &ubd_dev[unit].pdev.dev;
+       }
+
        disk->private_data = &ubd_dev[unit];
        disk->queue = ubd_queue;
        add_disk(disk);
@@ -593,6 +661,8 @@ static int ubd_new_disk(int major, u64 size, int unit,
        return 0;
 }
 
+#define ROUND_BLOCK(n) ((n + ((1 << 9) - 1)) & (-1 << 9))
+
 static int ubd_add(int n)
 {
        struct ubd *dev = &ubd_dev[n];
@@ -608,6 +678,8 @@ static int ubd_add(int n)
        if(err < 0)
                return(err);
 
+       dev->size = ROUND_BLOCK(dev->size);
+
        err = ubd_new_disk(MAJOR_NR, dev->size, n, &ubd_gendisk[n]);
        if(err) 
                return(err);
@@ -653,15 +725,9 @@ static int ubd_config(char *str)
 static int ubd_get_config(char *name, char *str, int size, char **error_out)
 {
        struct ubd *dev;
-       char *end;
        int n, len = 0;
 
-       n = simple_strtoul(name, &end, 0);
-       if((*end != '\0') || (end == name)){
-               *error_out = "ubd_get_config : didn't parse device number";
-               return(-1);
-       }
-
+       n = parse_unit(&name);
        if((n >= MAX_DEV) || (n < 0)){
                *error_out = "ubd_get_config : device number out of range";
                return(-1);
@@ -718,6 +784,7 @@ static int ubd_remove(char *str)
                fake_gendisk[n] = NULL;
        }
 
+       platform_device_unregister(&dev->pdev);
        *dev = ((struct ubd) DEFAULT_UBD);
        err = 0;
  out:
@@ -740,6 +807,11 @@ static int ubd_mc_init(void)
 
 __initcall(ubd_mc_init);
 
+static struct device_driver ubd_driver = {
+       .name  = DRIVER_NAME,
+       .bus   = &platform_bus_type,
+};
+
 int ubd_init(void)
 {
         int i;
@@ -762,6 +834,7 @@ int ubd_init(void)
                if (register_blkdev(fake_major, "ubd"))
                        return -1;
        }
+       driver_register(&ubd_driver);
        for (i = 0; i < MAX_DEV; i++) 
                ubd_add(i);
        return 0;
@@ -813,10 +886,14 @@ static int ubd_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
                }
        }
        dev->count++;
-       if((filp->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) && !dev->openflags.w){
+       set_disk_ro(disk, !dev->openflags.w);
+
+       /* This should no more be needed. And it didn't work anyway to exclude
+        * read-write remounting of filesystems.*/
+       /*if((filp->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) && !dev->openflags.w){
                if(--dev->count == 0) ubd_close(dev);
                err = -EROFS;
-       }
+       }*/
  out:
        return(err);
 }
@@ -891,97 +968,17 @@ static void cowify_req(struct io_thread_req *req, unsigned long *bitmap,
                           req->bitmap_words, bitmap_len);
 }
 
-static int mmap_fd(struct request *req, struct ubd *dev, __u64 offset)
-{
-       __u64 sector;
-       unsigned char *bitmap;
-       int bit, i;
-
-       /* mmap must have been requested on the command line */
-       if(!ubd_do_mmap)
-               return(-1);
-
-       /* The buffer must be page aligned */
-       if(((unsigned long) req->buffer % UBD_MMAP_BLOCK_SIZE) != 0)
-               return(-1);
-
-       /* The request must be a page long */
-       if((req->current_nr_sectors << 9) != PAGE_SIZE)
-               return(-1);
-
-       if(dev->cow.file == NULL)
-               return(dev->fd);
-
-       sector = offset >> 9;
-       bitmap = (unsigned char *) dev->cow.bitmap;
-       bit = ubd_test_bit(sector, bitmap);
-
-       for(i = 1; i < req->current_nr_sectors; i++){
-               if(ubd_test_bit(sector + i, bitmap) != bit)
-                       return(-1);
-       }
-
-       if(bit || (rq_data_dir(req) == WRITE))
-               offset += dev->cow.data_offset;
-
-       /* The data on disk must be page aligned */
-       if((offset % UBD_MMAP_BLOCK_SIZE) != 0)
-               return(-1);
-
-       return(bit ? dev->fd : dev->cow.fd);
-}
-
-static int prepare_mmap_request(struct ubd *dev, int fd, __u64 offset,
-                               struct request *req,
-                               struct io_thread_req *io_req)
-{
-       int err;
-
-       if(rq_data_dir(req) == WRITE){
-               /* Writes are almost no-ops since the new data is already in the
-                * host page cache
-                */
-               dev->map_writes++;
-               if(dev->cow.file != NULL)
-                       cowify_bitmap(io_req->offset, io_req->length,
-                                     &io_req->sector_mask, &io_req->cow_offset,
-                                     dev->cow.bitmap, dev->cow.bitmap_offset,
-                                     io_req->bitmap_words,
-                                     dev->cow.bitmap_len);
-       }
-       else {
-               int w;
-
-               if((dev->cow.file != NULL) && (fd == dev->cow.fd))
-                       w = 0;
-               else w = dev->openflags.w;
-
-               if((dev->cow.file != NULL) && (fd == dev->fd))
-                       offset += dev->cow.data_offset;
-
-               err = physmem_subst_mapping(req->buffer, fd, offset, w);
-               if(err){
-                       printk("physmem_subst_mapping failed, err = %d\n",
-                              -err);
-                       return(1);
-               }
-               dev->map_reads++;
-       }
-       io_req->op = UBD_MMAP;
-       io_req->buffer = req->buffer;
-       return(0);
-}
-
 /* Called with ubd_io_lock held */
 static int prepare_request(struct request *req, struct io_thread_req *io_req)
 {
        struct gendisk *disk = req->rq_disk;
        struct ubd *dev = disk->private_data;
        __u64 offset;
-       int len, fd;
+       int len;
 
        if(req->rq_status == RQ_INACTIVE) return(1);
 
+       /* This should be impossible now */
        if((rq_data_dir(req) == WRITE) && !dev->openflags.w){
                printk("Write attempted on readonly ubd device %s\n", 
                       disk->disk_name);
@@ -994,34 +991,12 @@ static int prepare_request(struct request *req, struct io_thread_req *io_req)
 
        io_req->fds[0] = (dev->cow.file != NULL) ? dev->cow.fd : dev->fd;
        io_req->fds[1] = dev->fd;
-       io_req->map_fd = -1;
        io_req->cow_offset = -1;
        io_req->offset = offset;
        io_req->length = len;
        io_req->error = 0;
        io_req->sector_mask = 0;
 
-       fd = mmap_fd(req, dev, io_req->offset);
-       if(fd > 0){
-               /* If mmapping is otherwise OK, but the first access to the
-                * page is a write, then it's not mapped in yet.  So we have
-                * to write the data to disk first, then we can map the disk
-                * page in and continue normally from there.
-                */
-               if((rq_data_dir(req) == WRITE) && !is_remapped(req->buffer)){
-                       io_req->map_fd = dev->fd;
-                       io_req->map_offset = io_req->offset +
-                               dev->cow.data_offset;
-                       dev->write_maps++;
-               }
-               else return(prepare_mmap_request(dev, fd, io_req->offset, req,
-                                                io_req));
-       }
-
-       if(rq_data_dir(req) == READ)
-               dev->nomap_reads++;
-       else dev->nomap_writes++;
-
        io_req->op = (rq_data_dir(req) == READ) ? UBD_READ : UBD_WRITE;
        io_req->offsets[0] = 0;
        io_req->offsets[1] = dev->cow.data_offset;
@@ -1057,7 +1032,7 @@ static void do_ubd_request(request_queue_t *q)
                err = prepare_request(req, &io_req);
                if(!err){
                        do_ubd = ubd_handler;
-                       n = write_ubd_fs(thread_fd, (char *) &io_req, 
+                       n = os_write_file(thread_fd, (char *) &io_req,
                                         sizeof(io_req));
                        if(n != sizeof(io_req))
                                printk("write to io thread failed, "
@@ -1069,7 +1044,7 @@ static void do_ubd_request(request_queue_t *q)
 static int ubd_ioctl(struct inode * inode, struct file * file,
                     unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
 {
-       struct hd_geometry *loc = (struct hd_geometry *) arg;
+       struct hd_geometry __user *loc = (struct hd_geometry __user *) arg;
        struct ubd *dev = inode->i_bdev->bd_disk->private_data;
        struct hd_driveid ubd_id = {
                .cyls           = 0,
@@ -1090,160 +1065,312 @@ static int ubd_ioctl(struct inode * inode, struct file * file,
 
        case HDIO_GET_IDENTITY:
                ubd_id.cyls = dev->size / (128 * 32 * 512);
-               if(copy_to_user((char *) arg, (char *) &ubd_id, 
+               if(copy_to_user((char __user *) arg, (char *) &ubd_id,
                                 sizeof(ubd_id)))
                        return(-EFAULT);
                return(0);
                
        case CDROMVOLREAD:
-               if(copy_from_user(&volume, (char *) arg, sizeof(volume)))
+               if(copy_from_user(&volume, (char __user *) arg, sizeof(volume)))
                        return(-EFAULT);
                volume.channel0 = 255;
                volume.channel1 = 255;
                volume.channel2 = 255;
                volume.channel3 = 255;
-               if(copy_to_user((char *) arg, &volume, sizeof(volume)))
+               if(copy_to_user((char __user *) arg, &volume, sizeof(volume)))
                        return(-EFAULT);
                return(0);
        }
        return(-EINVAL);
 }
 
-static int ubd_check_remapped(int fd, unsigned long address, int is_write,
-                             __u64 offset)
+static int same_backing_files(char *from_cmdline, char *from_cow, char *cow)
 {
-       __u64 bitmap_offset;
-       unsigned long new_bitmap[2];
-       int i, err, n;
+       struct uml_stat buf1, buf2;
+       int err;
 
-       /* If it's not a write access, we can't do anything about it */
-       if(!is_write)
-               return(0);
+       if(from_cmdline == NULL) return(1);
+       if(!strcmp(from_cmdline, from_cow)) return(1);
+
+       err = os_stat_file(from_cmdline, &buf1);
+       if(err < 0){
+               printk("Couldn't stat '%s', err = %d\n", from_cmdline, -err);
+               return(1);
+       }
+       err = os_stat_file(from_cow, &buf2);
+       if(err < 0){
+               printk("Couldn't stat '%s', err = %d\n", from_cow, -err);
+               return(1);
+       }
+       if((buf1.ust_dev == buf2.ust_dev) && (buf1.ust_ino == buf2.ust_ino))
+               return(1);
 
-       /* We have a write */
-       for(i = 0; i < sizeof(ubd_dev) / sizeof(ubd_dev[0]); i++){
-               struct ubd *dev = &ubd_dev[i];
+       printk("Backing file mismatch - \"%s\" requested,\n"
+              "\"%s\" specified in COW header of \"%s\"\n",
+              from_cmdline, from_cow, cow);
+       return(0);
+}
 
-               if((dev->fd != fd) && (dev->cow.fd != fd))
-                       continue;
+static int backing_file_mismatch(char *file, __u64 size, time_t mtime)
+{
+       unsigned long modtime;
+       long long actual;
+       int err;
 
-               /* It's a write to a ubd device */
-
-               if(!dev->openflags.w){
-                       /* It's a write access on a read-only device - probably
-                        * shouldn't happen.  If the kernel is trying to change
-                        * something with no intention of writing it back out,
-                        * then this message will clue us in that this needs
-                        * fixing
-                        */
-                       printk("Write access to mapped page from readonly ubd "
-                              "device %d\n", i);
-                       return(0);
-               }
+       err = os_file_modtime(file, &modtime);
+       if(err < 0){
+               printk("Failed to get modification time of backing file "
+                      "\"%s\", err = %d\n", file, -err);
+               return(err);
+       }
 
-               /* It's a write to a writeable ubd device - it must be COWed
-                * because, otherwise, the page would have been mapped in
-                * writeable
-                */
+       err = os_file_size(file, &actual);
+       if(err < 0){
+               printk("Failed to get size of backing file \"%s\", "
+                      "err = %d\n", file, -err);
+               return(err);
+       }
 
-               if(!dev->cow.file)
-                       panic("Write fault on writeable non-COW ubd device %d",
-                             i);
+       if(actual != size){
+               /*__u64 can be a long on AMD64 and with %lu GCC complains; so
+                * the typecast.*/
+               printk("Size mismatch (%llu vs %llu) of COW header vs backing "
+                      "file\n", (unsigned long long) size, actual);
+               return(-EINVAL);
+       }
+       if(modtime != mtime){
+               printk("mtime mismatch (%ld vs %ld) of COW header vs backing "
+                      "file\n", mtime, modtime);
+               return(-EINVAL);
+       }
+       return(0);
+}
 
-               /* It should also be an access to the backing file since the
-                * COW pages should be mapped in read-write
-                */
+int read_cow_bitmap(int fd, void *buf, int offset, int len)
+{
+       int err;
+
+       err = os_seek_file(fd, offset);
+       if(err < 0)
+               return(err);
 
-               if(fd == dev->fd)
-                       panic("Write fault on a backing page of ubd "
-                             "device %d\n", i);
+       err = os_read_file(fd, buf, len);
+       if(err < 0)
+               return(err);
 
-               /* So, we do the write, copying the backing data to the COW
-                * file...
-                */
+       return(0);
+}
 
-               err = os_seek_file(dev->fd, offset + dev->cow.data_offset);
-               if(err < 0)
-                       panic("Couldn't seek to %lld in COW file of ubd "
-                             "device %d, err = %d",
-                             offset + dev->cow.data_offset, i, -err);
+int open_ubd_file(char *file, struct openflags *openflags,
+                 char **backing_file_out, int *bitmap_offset_out,
+                 unsigned long *bitmap_len_out, int *data_offset_out,
+                 int *create_cow_out)
+{
+       time_t mtime;
+       unsigned long long size;
+       __u32 version, align;
+       char *backing_file;
+       int fd, err, sectorsize, same, mode = 0644;
+
+       fd = os_open_file(file, *openflags, mode);
+       if(fd < 0){
+               if((fd == -ENOENT) && (create_cow_out != NULL))
+                       *create_cow_out = 1;
+                if(!openflags->w ||
+                   ((fd != -EROFS) && (fd != -EACCES))) return(fd);
+               openflags->w = 0;
+               fd = os_open_file(file, *openflags, mode);
+               if(fd < 0)
+                       return(fd);
+        }
+
+       err = os_lock_file(fd, openflags->w);
+       if(err < 0){
+               printk("Failed to lock '%s', err = %d\n", file, -err);
+               goto out_close;
+       }
 
-               n = os_write_file(dev->fd, (void *) address, PAGE_SIZE);
-               if(n != PAGE_SIZE)
-                       panic("Couldn't copy data to COW file of ubd "
-                             "device %d, err = %d", i, -n);
+       if(backing_file_out == NULL) return(fd);
 
-               /* ... updating the COW bitmap... */
+       err = read_cow_header(file_reader, &fd, &version, &backing_file, &mtime,
+                             &size, &sectorsize, &align, bitmap_offset_out);
+       if(err && (*backing_file_out != NULL)){
+               printk("Failed to read COW header from COW file \"%s\", "
+                      "errno = %d\n", file, -err);
+               goto out_close;
+       }
+       if(err) return(fd);
 
-               cowify_bitmap(offset, PAGE_SIZE, NULL, &bitmap_offset,
-                             dev->cow.bitmap, dev->cow.bitmap_offset,
-                             new_bitmap, dev->cow.bitmap_len);
+       if(backing_file_out == NULL) return(fd);
 
-               err = os_seek_file(dev->fd, bitmap_offset);
-               if(err < 0)
-                       panic("Couldn't seek to %lld in COW file of ubd "
-                             "device %d, err = %d", bitmap_offset, i, -err);
-
-               n = os_write_file(dev->fd, new_bitmap, sizeof(new_bitmap));
-               if(n != sizeof(new_bitmap))
-                       panic("Couldn't update bitmap  of ubd device %d, "
-                             "err = %d", i, -n);
-
-               /* Maybe we can map the COW page in, and maybe we can't.  If
-                * it is a pre-V3 COW file, we can't, since the alignment will
-                * be wrong.  If it is a V3 or later COW file which has been
-                * moved to a system with a larger page size, then maybe we
-                * can't, depending on the exact location of the page.
-                */
-
-               offset += dev->cow.data_offset;
-
-               /* Remove the remapping, putting the original anonymous page
-                * back.  If the COW file can be mapped in, that is done.
-                * Otherwise, the COW page is read in.
-                */
-
-               if(!physmem_remove_mapping((void *) address))
-                       panic("Address 0x%lx not remapped by ubd device %d",
-                             address, i);
-               if((offset % UBD_MMAP_BLOCK_SIZE) == 0)
-                       physmem_subst_mapping((void *) address, dev->fd,
-                                             offset, 1);
-               else {
-                       err = os_seek_file(dev->fd, offset);
-                       if(err < 0)
-                               panic("Couldn't seek to %lld in COW file of "
-                                     "ubd device %d, err = %d", offset, i,
-                                     -err);
-
-                       n = os_read_file(dev->fd, (void *) address, PAGE_SIZE);
-                       if(n != PAGE_SIZE)
-                               panic("Failed to read page from offset %llx of "
-                                     "COW file of ubd device %d, err = %d",
-                                     offset, i, -n);
+       same = same_backing_files(*backing_file_out, backing_file, file);
+
+       if(!same && !backing_file_mismatch(*backing_file_out, size, mtime)){
+               printk("Switching backing file to '%s'\n", *backing_file_out);
+               err = write_cow_header(file, fd, *backing_file_out,
+                                      sectorsize, align, &size);
+               if(err){
+                       printk("Switch failed, errno = %d\n", -err);
+                       return(err);
                }
+       }
+       else {
+               *backing_file_out = backing_file;
+               err = backing_file_mismatch(*backing_file_out, size, mtime);
+               if(err) goto out_close;
+       }
+
+       cow_sizes(version, size, sectorsize, align, *bitmap_offset_out,
+                 bitmap_len_out, data_offset_out);
+
+        return(fd);
+ out_close:
+       os_close_file(fd);
+       return(err);
+}
+
+int create_cow_file(char *cow_file, char *backing_file, struct openflags flags,
+                   int sectorsize, int alignment, int *bitmap_offset_out,
+                   unsigned long *bitmap_len_out, int *data_offset_out)
+{
+       int err, fd;
+
+       flags.c = 1;
+       fd = open_ubd_file(cow_file, &flags, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+       if(fd < 0){
+               err = fd;
+               printk("Open of COW file '%s' failed, errno = %d\n", cow_file,
+                      -err);
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       err = init_cow_file(fd, cow_file, backing_file, sectorsize, alignment,
+                           bitmap_offset_out, bitmap_len_out,
+                           data_offset_out);
+       if(!err)
+               return(fd);
+       os_close_file(fd);
+ out:
+       return(err);
+}
+
+static int update_bitmap(struct io_thread_req *req)
+{
+       int n;
+
+       if(req->cow_offset == -1)
+               return(0);
+
+       n = os_seek_file(req->fds[1], req->cow_offset);
+       if(n < 0){
+               printk("do_io - bitmap lseek failed : err = %d\n", -n);
+               return(1);
+       }
 
+       n = os_write_file(req->fds[1], &req->bitmap_words,
+                         sizeof(req->bitmap_words));
+       if(n != sizeof(req->bitmap_words)){
+               printk("do_io - bitmap update failed, err = %d fd = %d\n", -n,
+                      req->fds[1]);
                return(1);
        }
 
-       /* It's not a write on a ubd device */
        return(0);
 }
 
-static struct remapper ubd_remapper = {
-       .list   = LIST_HEAD_INIT(ubd_remapper.list),
-       .proc   = ubd_check_remapped,
-};
-
-static int ubd_remapper_setup(void)
+void do_io(struct io_thread_req *req)
 {
-       if(ubd_do_mmap)
-               register_remapper(&ubd_remapper);
+       char *buf;
+       unsigned long len;
+       int n, nsectors, start, end, bit;
+       int err;
+       __u64 off;
+
+       nsectors = req->length / req->sectorsize;
+       start = 0;
+       do {
+               bit = ubd_test_bit(start, (unsigned char *) &req->sector_mask);
+               end = start;
+               while((end < nsectors) &&
+                     (ubd_test_bit(end, (unsigned char *)
+                                   &req->sector_mask) == bit))
+                       end++;
+
+               off = req->offset + req->offsets[bit] +
+                       start * req->sectorsize;
+               len = (end - start) * req->sectorsize;
+               buf = &req->buffer[start * req->sectorsize];
+
+               err = os_seek_file(req->fds[bit], off);
+               if(err < 0){
+                       printk("do_io - lseek failed : err = %d\n", -err);
+                       req->error = 1;
+                       return;
+               }
+               if(req->op == UBD_READ){
+                       n = 0;
+                       do {
+                               buf = &buf[n];
+                               len -= n;
+                               n = os_read_file(req->fds[bit], buf, len);
+                               if (n < 0) {
+                                       printk("do_io - read failed, err = %d "
+                                              "fd = %d\n", -n, req->fds[bit]);
+                                       req->error = 1;
+                                       return;
+                               }
+                       } while((n < len) && (n != 0));
+                       if (n < len) memset(&buf[n], 0, len - n);
+               } else {
+                       n = os_write_file(req->fds[bit], buf, len);
+                       if(n != len){
+                               printk("do_io - write failed err = %d "
+                                      "fd = %d\n", -n, req->fds[bit]);
+                               req->error = 1;
+                               return;
+                       }
+               }
 
-       return(0);
+               start = end;
+       } while(start < nsectors);
+
+       req->error = update_bitmap(req);
 }
 
-__initcall(ubd_remapper_setup);
+/* Changed in start_io_thread, which is serialized by being called only
+ * from ubd_init, which is an initcall.
+ */
+int kernel_fd = -1;
+
+/* Only changed by the io thread */
+int io_count = 0;
+
+int io_thread(void *arg)
+{
+       struct io_thread_req req;
+       int n;
+
+       ignore_sigwinch_sig();
+       while(1){
+               n = os_read_file(kernel_fd, &req, sizeof(req));
+               if(n != sizeof(req)){
+                       if(n < 0)
+                               printk("io_thread - read failed, fd = %d, "
+                                      "err = %d\n", kernel_fd, -n);
+                       else {
+                               printk("io_thread - short read, fd = %d, "
+                                      "length = %d\n", kernel_fd, n);
+                       }
+                       continue;
+               }
+               io_count++;
+               do_io(&req);
+               n = os_write_file(kernel_fd, &req, sizeof(req));
+               if(n != sizeof(req))
+                       printk("io_thread - write failed, fd = %d, err = %d\n",
+                              kernel_fd, -n);
+       }
+}
 
 /*
  * Overrides for Emacs so that we follow Linus's tabbing style.