Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt

   1 February 2003             Kernel Parameters                     v2.5.59
   2                           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
   3
   4 The following is a consolidated list of the kernel parameters as implemented
   5 (mostly) by the __setup() macro and sorted into English Dictionary order
   6 (defined as ignoring all punctuation and sorting digits before letters in a
   7 case insensitive manner), and with descriptions where known.
   8
   9 Module parameters for loadable modules are specified only as the
  10 parameter name with optional '=' and value as appropriate, such as:
  11
  12         modprobe usbcore blinkenlights=1
  13
  14 Module parameters for modules that are built into the kernel image
  15 are specified on the kernel command line with the module name plus
  16 '.' plus parameter name, with '=' and value if appropriate, such as:
  17
  18         usbcore.blinkenlights=1
  19
  20 The text in square brackets at the beginning of the description state the
  21 restrictions on the kernel for the said kernel parameter to be valid. The
  22 restrictions referred to are that the relevant option is valid if:
  23
  24         ACPI    ACPI support is enabled.
  25         ALSA    ALSA sound support is enabled.
  26         APIC    APIC support is enabled.
  27         APM     Advanced Power Management support is enabled.
  28         AX25    Appropriate AX.25 support is enabled.
  29         CD      Appropriate CD support is enabled.
  30         DEVFS   devfs support is enabled.
  31         DRM     Direct Rendering Management support is enabled.
  32         EFI     EFI Partitioning (GPT) is enabled
  33         EIDE    EIDE/ATAPI support is enabled.
  34         FB      The frame buffer device is enabled.
  35         HW      Appropriate hardware is enabled.
  36         IA-32   IA-32 aka i386 architecture is enabled.
  37         IA-64   IA-64 architecture is enabled.
  38         IOSCHED More than one I/O scheduler is enabled.
  39         IP_PNP  IP DCHP, BOOTP, or RARP is enabled.
  40         ISAPNP  ISA PnP code is enabled.
  41         ISDN    Appropriate ISDN support is enabled.
  42         JOY     Appropriate joystick support is enabled.
  43         LP      Printer support is enabled.
  44         LOOP    Loopback device support is enabled.
  45         M68k    M68k architecture is enabled.
  46                         These options have more detailed description inside of
  47                         Documentation/m68k/kernel-options.txt.
  48         MCA     MCA bus support is enabled.
  49         MDA     MDA console support is enabled.
  50         MOUSE   Appropriate mouse support is enabled.
  51         MTD     MTD support is enabled.
  52         NET     Appropriate network support is enabled.
  53         NFS     Appropriate NFS support is enabled.
  54         OSS     OSS sound support is enabled.
  55         PARIDE  The ParIDE subsystem is enabled.
  56         PCI     PCI bus support is enabled.
  57         PCMCIA  The PCMCIA subsystem is enabled.
  58         PNP     Plug & Play support is enabled.
  59         PPC     PowerPC architecture is enabled.
  60         PPT     Parallel port support is enabled.
  61         PS2     Appropriate PS/2 support is enabled.
  62         RAM     RAM disk support is enabled.
  63         S390    S390 architecture is enabled.
  64         SCSI    Appropriate SCSI support is enabled.
  65                         A lot of drivers has their options described inside of
  66                         Documentation/scsi/.
  67         SERIAL  Serial support is enabled.
  68         SMP     The kernel is an SMP kernel.
  69         SPARC   Sparc architecture is enabled.
  70         SWSUSP  Software suspension is enabled.
  71         TS      Appropriate touchscreen support is enabled.
  72         USB     USB support is enabled.
  73         V4L     Video For Linux support is enabled.
  74         VGA     The VGA console has been enabled.
  75         VT      Virtual terminal support is enabled.
  76         WDT     Watchdog support is enabled.
  77         XT      IBM PC/XT MFM hard disk support is enabled.
  78
  79 In addition, the following text indicates that the option:
  80
  81         BUGS=   Relates to possible processor bugs on the said processor.
  82         KNL     Is a kernel start-up parameter.
  83         BOOT    Is a boot loader parameter.
  84
  85 Parameters denoted with BOOT are actually interpreted by the boot
  86 loader, and have no meaning to the kernel directly.
  87 Do not modify the syntax of boot loader parameters without extreme
  88 need or coordination with <Documentation/i386/boot.txt>.
  89
  90 Note that ALL kernel parameters listed below are CASE SENSITIVE, and that
  91 a trailing = on the name of any parameter states that that parameter will
  92 be entered as an environment variable, whereas its absence indicates that
  93 it will appear as a kernel argument readable via /proc/cmdline by programs
  94 running once the system is up.
  95
  96         53c7xx=         [HW,SCSI] Amiga SCSI controllers
  97                         See header of drivers/scsi/53c7xx.c.
  98                         See also Documentation/scsi/ncr53c7xx.txt.
  99
 100         98busmouse.irq= [HW,MOUSE] PC-9801 Bus Mouse Driver
 101                         Format: <irq>, default is 13
 102
 103         acpi=           [HW,ACPI] Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
 104                         Format: { force | off | ht | strict }
 105                         force -- enable ACPI if default was off
 106                         off -- disable ACPI if default was on
 107                         noirq -- do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
 108                         ht -- run only enough ACPI to enable Hyper Threading
 109                         strict --  Be less tolerant of platforms that are not
 110                                 strictly ACPI specification compliant.
 111
 112                         See also Documentation/pm.txt, pci=noacpi
 113
 114         acpi_sleep=     [HW,ACPI] Sleep options
 115                         Format: { s3_bios, s3_mode }
 116                         See Documentation/power/video.txt
 117
 118         acpi_sci=       [HW,ACPI] ACPI System Control Interrupt trigger mode
 119                         Format: { level | edge |  high | low }
 120
 121         acpi_irq_balance        [HW,ACPI] ACPI will balance active IRQs
 122                                 default in APIC mode
 123
 124         acpi_irq_nobalance      [HW,ACPI] ACPI will not move active IRQs (default)
 125                                 default in PIC mode
 126
 127         acpi_irq_pci=   [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, Clear listed IRQs for use by PCI
 128                         Format: <irq>,<irq>...
 129
 130         acpi_irq_isa=   [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, Mark listed IRQs used by ISA
 131                         Format: <irq>,<irq>...
 132
 133         acpi_osi=       [HW,ACPI] empty param disables _OSI
 134
 135         acpi_serialize  [HW,ACPI] force serialization of AML methods
 136
 137         acpi_skip_timer_override [HW,ACPI]
 138                         Recognize and ignore IRQ0/pin2 Interrupt Override.
 139                         For broken nForce2 BIOS resulting in XT-PIC timer.
 140
 141         ad1816=         [HW,OSS]
 142                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
 143                         See also Documentation/sound/oss/AD1816.
 144
 145         ad1848=         [HW,OSS]
 146                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<type>
 147
 148         adlib=          [HW,OSS]
 149                         Format: <io>
 150
 151         advansys=       [HW,SCSI]
 152                         See header of drivers/scsi/advansys.c.
 153
 154         advwdt=         [HW,WDT] Advantech WDT
 155                         Format: <iostart>,<iostop>
 156
 157         aedsp16=        [HW,OSS] Audio Excel DSP 16
 158                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mss_io>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
 159                         See also header of sound/oss/aedsp16.c.
 160
 161         aha152x=        [HW,SCSI]
 162                         See Documentation/scsi/aha152x.txt.
 163
 164         aha1542=        [HW,SCSI]
 165                         Format: <portbase>[,<buson>,<busoff>[,<dmaspeed>]]
 166
 167         aic7xxx=        [HW,SCSI]
 168                         See Documentation/scsi/aic7xxx.txt.
 169
 170         aic79xx=        [HW,SCSI]
 171                         See Documentation/scsi/aic79xx.txt.
 172
 173         AM53C974=       [HW,SCSI]
 174                         Format: <host-scsi-id>,<target-scsi-id>,<max-rate>,<max-offset>
 175                         See also header of drivers/scsi/AM53C974.c.
 176
 177         amijoy.map=     [HW,JOY] Amiga joystick support
 178                         Map of devices attached to JOY0DAT and JOY1DAT
 179                         Format: <a>,<b>
 180                         See also Documentation/kernel/input/joystick.txt
 181
 182         analog.map=     [HW,JOY] Analog joystick and gamepad support
 183                         Specifies type or capabilities of an analog joystick
 184                         connected to one of 16 gameports
 185                         Format: <type1>,<type2>,..<type16>
 186
 187         apc=            [HW,SPARC] Power management functions (SPARCstation-4/5 + deriv.)
 188                         Format: noidle
 189                         Disable APC CPU standby support. SPARCstation-Fox does
 190                         not play well with APC CPU idle - disable it if you have
 191                         APC and your system crashes randomly.
 192
 193         apm=            [APM] Advanced Power Management
 194                         See header of arch/i386/kernel/apm.c.
 195
 196         applicom=       [HW]
 197                         Format: <mem>,<irq>
 198
 199         arcrimi=        [HW,NET] ARCnet - "RIM I" (entirely mem-mapped) cards
 200                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<nodeID>
 201
 202         ataflop=        [HW,M68k]
 203
 204         atarimouse=     [HW,MOUSE] Atari Mouse
 205
 206         atascsi=        [HW,SCSI] Atari SCSI
 207
 208         atkbd.extra=    [HW] Enable extra LEDs and keys on IBM RapidAccess, EzKey
 209                         and similar keyboards
 210
 211         atkbd.reset=    [HW] Reset keyboard during initialization
 212
 213         atkbd.set=      [HW] Select keyboard code set
 214                         Format: <int> (2 = AT (default) 3 = PS/2)
 215
 216         atkbd.scroll=   [HW] Enable scroll wheel on MS Office and similar keyboards
 217
 218         atkbd.softrepeat=
 219                         [HW] Use software keyboard repeat
 220
 221         autotest        [IA64]
 222
 223         awe=            [HW,OSS] AWE32/SB32/AWE64 wave table synth
 224                         Format: <io>,<memsize>,<isapnp>
 225
 226         aztcd=          [HW,CD] Aztech CD268 CDROM driver
 227                         Format: <io>,0x79 (?)
 228
 229         baycom_epp=     [HW,AX25]
 230                         Format: <io>,<mode>
 231
 232         baycom_par=     [HW,AX25] BayCom Parallel Port AX.25 Modem
 233                         Format: <io>,<mode>
 234                         See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_par.c.
 235
 236         baycom_ser_fdx= [HW,AX25] BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Full Duplex Mode)
 237                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>[,<baud>]
 238                         See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_fdx.c.
 239
 240         baycom_ser_hdx= [HW,AX25] BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Half Duplex Mode)
 241                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>
 242                         See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_hdx.c.
 243
 244         blkmtd_device=  [HW,MTD]
 245         blkmtd_erasesz=
 246         blkmtd_ro=
 247         blkmtd_bs=
 248         blkmtd_count=
 249
 250         bttv.card=      [HW,V4L] bttv (bt848 + bt878 based grabber cards)
 251         bttv.radio=     Most important insmod options are available as kernel args too.
 252         bttv.pll=       See Documentation/video4linux/bttv/Insmod-options
 253         bttv.tuner=     and Documentation/video4linux/bttv/CARDLIST
 254
 255         BusLogic=       [HW,SCSI]
 256                         See drivers/scsi/BusLogic.c, comment before function
 257                         BusLogic_ParseDriverOptions().
 258
 259         c101=           [NET] Moxa C101 synchronous serial card
 260
 261         cachesize=      [BUGS=IA-32] Override level 2 CPU cache size detection.
 262                         Sometimes CPU hardware bugs make them report the cache
 263                         size incorrectly. The kernel will attempt work arounds
 264                         to fix known problems, but for some CPUs it is not
 265                         possible to determine what the correct size should be.
 266                         This option provides an override for these situations.
 267
 268         cdu31a=         [HW,CD]
 269                         Format: <io>,<irq>[,PAS]
 270                         See header of drivers/cdrom/cdu31a.c.
 271
 272         chandev=        [HW,NET] Generic channel device initialisation
 273
 274         clock=          [BUGS=IA-32, HW] gettimeofday timesource override.
 275                         Forces specified timesource (if avaliable) to be used
 276                         when calculating gettimeofday(). If specicified timesource
 277                         is not avalible, it defaults to PIT.
 278                         Format: { pit | tsc | cyclone | pmtmr }
 279
 280         hpet=           [IA-32,HPET] option to disable HPET and use PIT.
 281                         Format: disable
 282
 283         cm206=          [HW,CD]
 284                         Format: { auto | [<io>,][<irq>] }
 285
 286         com20020=       [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM20020 chipset
 287                         Format: <io>[,<irq>[,<nodeID>[,<backplane>[,<ckp>[,<timeout>]]]]]
 288
 289         com90io=        [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (IO-mapped buffers)
 290                         Format: <io>[,<irq>]
 291
 292         com90xx=        [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (memory-mapped buffers)
 293                         Format: <io>[,<irq>[,<memstart>]]
 294
 295         condev=         [HW,S390] console device
 296         conmode=
 297
 298         console=        [KNL] Output console
 299                         Console device and comm spec (speed, control, parity).
 300
 301         cpcihp_generic= [HW,PCI] Generic port I/O CompactPCI driver
 302                         Format: <first_slot>,<last_slot>,<port>,<enum_bit>[,<debug>]
 303
 304         cpia_pp=        [HW,PPT]
 305                         Format: { parport<nr> | auto | none }
 306
 307         cs4232=         [HW,OSS]
 308                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mpuio>,<mpuirq>
 309
 310         cs89x0_dma=     [HW,NET]
 311                         Format: <dma>
 312
 313         cs89x0_media=   [HW,NET]
 314                         Format: { rj45 | aui | bnc }
 315
 316         cyclades=       [HW,SERIAL] Cyclades multi-serial port adapter.
 317
 318         dasd=           [HW,NET]
 319                         See header of drivers/s390/block/dasd_devmap.c.
 320
 321         db9.dev[2|3]=   [HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick support via parallel port
 322                         (one device per port)
 323                         Format: <port#>,<type>
 324                         See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
 325
 326         debug           [KNL] Enable kernel debugging (events log level).
 327
 328         decnet=         [HW,NET]
 329                         Format: <area>[,<node>]
 330                         See also Documentation/networking/decnet.txt.
 331
 332         devfs=          [DEVFS]
 333                         See Documentation/filesystems/devfs/boot-options.
 334
 335         dhash_entries=  [KNL]
 336                         Set number of hash buckets for dentry cache.
 337
 338         digi=           [HW,SERIAL]
 339                         IO parameters + enable/disable command.
 340
 341         digiepca=       [HW,SERIAL]
 342                         See drivers/char/README.epca and
 343                         Documentation/digiepca.txt.
 344
 345         dmascc=         [HW,AX25,SERIAL] AX.25 Z80SCC driver with DMA
 346                         support available.
 347                         Format: <io_dev0>[,<io_dev1>[,..<io_dev32>]]
 348
 349         dmasound=       [HW,OSS] Sound subsystem buffers
 350
 351         dscc4.setup=    [NET]
 352
 353         dtc3181e=       [HW,SCSI]
 354
 355         earlyprintk=    [x86, x86_64]
 356                         earlyprintk=vga
 357                         earlyprintk=serial[,ttySn[,baudrate]]
 358
 359                         Append ,keep to not disable it when the real console
 360                         takes over.
 361
 362                         Only vga or serial at a time, not both.
 363
 364                         Currently only ttyS0 and ttyS1 are supported.
 365
 366                         Interaction with the standard serial driver is not
 367                         very good.
 368
 369                         The VGA output is eventually overwritten by the real
 370                         console.
 371
 372         eata=           [HW,SCSI]
 373
 374         eda=            [HW,PS2]
 375
 376         edb=            [HW,PS2]
 377
 378         eicon=          [HW,ISDN]
 379                         Format: <id>,<membase>,<irq>
 380
 381         eisa_irq_edge=  [PARISC]
 382                         See header of drivers/parisc/eisa.c.
 383
 384         elanfreq=       [IA-32]
 385                         See comment before function elanfreq_setup() in
 386                         arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/elanfreq.c.
 387
 388         elevator=       [IOSCHED]
 389                         Format: {"as"|"cfq"|"deadline"|"noop"}
 390                         See Documentation/as-iosched.txt for details
 391
 392         es1370=         [HW,OSS]
 393                         Format: <lineout>[,<micbias>]
 394                         See also header of sound/oss/es1370.c.
 395
 396         es1371=         [HW,OSS]
 397                         Format: <spdif>,[<nomix>,[<amplifier>]]
 398                         See also header of sound/oss/es1371.c.
 399
 400         ether=          [HW,NET] Ethernet cards parameters
 401                         This option is obsoleted by the "netdev=" option, which
 402                         has equivalent usage. See its documentation for details.
 403
 404         eurwdt=         [HW,WDT] Eurotech CPU-1220/1410 onboard watchdog.
 405                         Format: <io>[,<irq>]
 406
 407         fd_mcs=         [HW,SCSI]
 408                         See header of drivers/scsi/fd_mcs.c.
 409
 410         fdomain=        [HW,SCSI]
 411                         See header of drivers/scsi/fdomain.c.
 412
 413         floppy=         [HW]
 414                         See Documentation/floppy.txt.
 415
 416         ftape=          [HW] Floppy Tape subsystem debugging options.
 417                         See Documentation/ftape.txt.
 418
 419         gamecon.map[2|3]=
 420                         [HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick and NES/SNES/PSX pad
 421                         support via parallel port (up to 5 devices per port)
 422                         Format: <port#>,<pad1>,<pad2>,<pad3>,<pad4>,<pad5>
 423                         See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
 424
 425         gamma=          [HW,DRM]
 426
 427         gdth=           [HW,SCSI]
 428                         See header of drivers/scsi/gdth.c.
 429
 430         gpt             [EFI] Forces disk with valid GPT signature but
 431                         invalid Protective MBR to be treated as GPT.
 432
 433         gscd=           [HW,CD]
 434                         Format: <io>
 435
 436         gt96100eth=     [NET] MIPS GT96100 Advanced Communication Controller
 437
 438         gus=            [HW,OSS]
 439                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>
 440
 441         gvp11=          [HW,SCSI]
 442
 443         hcl=            [IA-64] SGI's Hardware Graph compatibility layer
 444
 445         hd=             [EIDE] (E)IDE hard drive subsystem geometry
 446                         Format: <cyl>,<head>,<sect>
 447
 448         hd?=            [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
 449         hd?lun=         See Documentation/ide.txt.
 450
 451         hisax=          [HW,ISDN]
 452                         See Documentation/isdn/README.HiSax.
 453
 454         hugepages=      [HW,IA-32,IA-64] Maximal number of HugeTLB pages.
 455
 456         noirqbalance    [IA-32,SMP,KNL] Disable kernel irq balancing
 457
 458         i8042.direct    [HW] Put keyboard port into non-translated mode
 459         i8042.dumbkbd   [HW] Pretend that controlled can only read data from
 460                              keyboard and can not control its state
 461                              (Don't attempt to blink the leds)
 462         i8042.noaux     [HW] Don't check for auxiliary (== mouse) port
 463         i8042.nomux     [HW] Don't check presence of an active multiplexing
 464                              controller
 465         i8042.reset     [HW] Reset the controller during init and cleanup
 466         i8042.unlock    [HW] Unlock (ignore) the keylock
 467
 468         i810=           [HW,DRM]
 469
 470         ibmmcascsi=     [HW,MCA,SCSI] IBM MicroChannel SCSI adapter
 471                         See Documentation/mca.txt.
 472
 473         icn=            [HW,ISDN]
 474                         Format: <io>[,<membase>[,<icn_id>[,<icn_id2>]]]
 475
 476         ide?=           [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
 477                         Config (iomem/irq), tuning or debugging
 478                         (serialize,reset,no{dma,tune,probe}) or chipset
 479                         specific parameters.
 480                         See Documentation/ide.txt.
 481
 482         idebus=         [HW] (E)IDE subsystem - VLB/PCI bus speed
 483                         See Documentation/ide.txt.
 484
 485         idle=           [HW]
 486                         Format: idle=poll or idle=halt
 487
 488         ihash_entries=  [KNL]
 489                         Set number of hash buckets for inode cache.
 490
 491         in2000=         [HW,SCSI]
 492                         See header of drivers/scsi/in2000.c.
 493
 494         init=           [KNL]
 495                         Format: <full_path>
 496                         Run specified binary instead of /sbin/init as init
 497                         process.
 498
 499         initcall_debug  [KNL] Trace initcalls as they are executed.  Useful
 500                         for working out where the kernel is dying during
 501                         startup.
 502
 503         initrd=         [BOOT] Specify the location of the initial ramdisk
 504
 505         inport.irq=     [HW] Inport (ATI XL and Microsoft) busmouse driver
 506                         Format: <irq>
 507
 508         inttest=        [IA64]
 509
 510         io7=            [HW] IO7 for Marvel based alpha systems
 511                         See comment before marvel_specify_io7 in
 512                         arch/alpha/kernel/core_marvel.c.
 513
 514         ip=             [IP_PNP]
 515                         See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
 516
 517         ip2=            [HW] Set IO/IRQ pairs for up to 4 IntelliPort boards
 518                         See comment before ip2_setup() in drivers/char/ip2.c.
 519
 520         ips=            [HW,SCSI] Adaptec / IBM ServeRAID controller
 521                         See header of drivers/scsi/ips.c.
 522
 523         isapnp=         [ISAPNP]
 524                         Format: <RDP>, <reset>, <pci_scan>, <verbosity>
 525
 526         isp16=          [HW,CD]
 527                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<setup>
 528
 529         iucv=           [HW,NET]
 530
 531         js=             [HW,JOY] Analog joystick
 532                         See Documentation/input/joystick.txt.
 533
 534         keepinitrd      [HW,ARM]
 535
 536         l2cr=           [PPC]
 537
 538         lapic           [IA-32,APIC] Enable the local APIC even if BIOS disabled it.
 539
 540         lasi=           [HW,SCSI] PARISC LASI driver for the 53c700 chip
 541                         Format: addr:<io>,irq:<irq>
 542
 543         llsc*=          [IA64]
 544                         See function print_params() in arch/ia64/sn/kernel/llsc4.c.
 545
 546         load_ramdisk=   [RAM] List of ramdisks to load from floppy
 547                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
 548
 549         lockd.udpport=  [NFS]
 550
 551         lockd.tcpport=  [NFS]
 552
 553         logibm.irq=     [HW,MOUSE] Logitech Bus Mouse Driver
 554                         Format: <irq>
 555
 556         log_buf_len=n   Sets the size of the printk ring buffer, in bytes.
 557                         Format is n, nk, nM.  n must be a power of two.  The
 558                         default is set in kernel config.
 559
 560         lp=0            [LP]    Specify parallel ports to use, e.g,
 561         lp=port[,port...]       lp=none,parport0 (lp0 not configured, lp1 uses
 562         lp=reset                first parallel port). 'lp=0' disables the
 563         lp=auto                 printer driver. 'lp=reset' (which can be
 564                                 specified in addition to the ports) causes
 565                                 attached printers to be reset. Using
 566                                 lp=port1,port2,... specifies the parallel ports
 567                                 to associate lp devices with, starting with
 568                                 lp0. A port specification may be 'none' to skip
 569                                 that lp device, or a parport name such as
 570                                 'parport0'. Specifying 'lp=auto' instead of a
 571                                 port specification list means that device IDs
 572                                 from each port should be examined, to see if
 573                                 an IEEE 1284-compliant printer is attached; if
 574                                 so, the driver will manage that printer.
 575                                 See also header of drivers/char/lp.c.
 576
 577         ltpc=           [NET]
 578                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>
 579
 580         mac5380=        [HW,SCSI]
 581                         Format: <can_queue>,<cmd_per_lun>,<sg_tablesize>,<hostid>,<use_tags>
 582
 583         mac53c9x=       [HW,SCSI]
 584                         Format: <num_esps>,<disconnect>,<nosync>,<can_queue>,<cmd_per_lun>,<sg_tablesize>,<hostid>,<use_tags>
 585
 586         mad16=          [HW,OSS]
 587                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>,<joystick>
 588
 589         maui=           [HW,OSS]
 590                         Format: <io>,<irq>
 591
 592         max_loop=       [LOOP] Maximum number of loopback devices that can
 593                         be mounted
 594                         Format: <1-256>
 595
 596         maxcpus=        [SMP] Maximum number of processors that an SMP kernel
 597                         should make use of
 598
 599         max_scsi_luns=  [SCSI]
 600
 601         max_scsi_report_luns=
 602                         [SCSI] Maximum number of LUNs received
 603                         Should be between 1 and 16384.
 604
 605         mca-pentium     [BUGS=IA-32]
 606
 607         mcatest=        [IA-64]
 608
 609         mcd=            [HW,CD]
 610                         Format: <port>,<irq>,<mitsumi_bug_93_wait>
 611
 612         mcdx=           [HW,CD]
 613
 614         mce             [IA-32] Machine Check Exception
 615
 616         md=             [HW] RAID subsystems devices and level
 617                         See Documentation/md.txt.
 618
 619         mdacon=         [MDA]
 620                         Format: <first>,<last>
 621                         Specifies range of consoles to be captured by the MDA.
 622
 623         mem=nn[KMG]     [KNL,BOOT] Force usage of a specific amount of memory
 624                         Amount of memory to be used when the kernel is not able
 625                         to see the whole system memory or for test.
 626
 627         mem=nopentium   [BUGS=IA-32] Disable usage of 4MB pages for kernel
 628                         memory.
 629
 630         memmap=exactmap [KNL,IA-32] Enable setting of an exact
 631                         E820 memory map, as specified by the user.
 632                         Such memmap=exactmap lines can be constructed based on
 633                         BIOS output or other requirements. See the memmap=nn@ss
 634                         option description.
 635
 636         memmap=nn[KMG]@ss[KMG]
 637                         [KNL] Force usage of a specific region of memory
 638                         Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
 639
 640         memmap=nn[KMG]#ss[KMG]
 641                         [KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as ACPI data.
 642                         Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
 643
 644         memmap=nn[KMG]$ss[KMG]
 645                         [KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as reserved.
 646                         Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
 647
 648         meye=           [HW] Set MotionEye Camera parameters
 649                         See Documentation/video4linux/meye.txt.
 650
 651         mga=            [HW,DRM]
 652
 653         mousedev.xres=  [MOUSE] Horizontal screen resolution, used for devices
 654                         reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets
 655         mousedev.yres=  [MOUSE] Vertical screen resolution, used for devices
 656                         reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets
 657
 658         mpu401=         [HW,OSS]
 659                         Format: <io>,<irq>
 660
 661         MTD_Partition=  [MTD]
 662                         Format: <name>,<region-number>,<size>,<offset>
 663
 664         MTD_Region=     [MTD]
 665                         Format: <name>,<region-number>[,<base>,<size>,<buswidth>,<altbuswidth>]
 666
 667         mtdparts=       [MTD]
 668                         See drivers/mtd/cmdline.c.
 669
 670         n2=             [NET] SDL Inc. RISCom/N2 synchronous serial card
 671
 672         NCR_D700=       [HW,SCSI]
 673                         See header of drivers/scsi/NCR_D700.c.
 674
 675         ncr5380=        [HW,SCSI]
 676
 677         ncr53c400=      [HW,SCSI]
 678
 679         ncr53c400a=     [HW,SCSI]
 680
 681         ncr53c406a=     [HW,SCSI]
 682
 683         ncr53c8xx=      [HW,SCSI]
 684
 685         netdev=         [NET] Network devices parameters
 686                         Format: <irq>,<io>,<mem_start>,<mem_end>,<name>
 687                         Note that mem_start is often overloaded to mean
 688                         something different and driver-specific.
 689
 690         nfsaddrs=       [NFS]
 691                         See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
 692
 693         nfsroot=        [NFS] nfs root filesystem for disk-less boxes.
 694                         See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
 695
 696         nmi_watchdog=   [KNL,BUGS=IA-32] Debugging features for SMP kernels
 697
 698         no387           [BUGS=IA-32] Tells the kernel to use the 387 maths
 699                         emulation library even if a 387 maths coprocessor
 700                         is present.
 701
 702         noalign         [KNL,ARM]
 703
 704         noapic          [SMP,APIC] Tells the kernel not to make use of any
 705                         APIC that may be present on the system.
 706
 707         noasync         [HW,M68K] Disables async and sync negotiation for
 708                         all devices.
 709
 710         nocache         [ARM]
 711
 712         nodisconnect    [HW,SCSI,M68K] Disables SCSI disconnects.
 713
 714         noexec          [IA-64]
 715
 716         noexec          [i386]
 717                         noexec=on: enable non-executable mappings (default)
 718                         noexec=off: disable nn-executable mappings
 719
 720         nofxsr          [BUGS=IA-32]
 721
 722         nohighio        [BUGS=IA-32] Disable highmem block I/O.
 723
 724         nohlt           [BUGS=ARM]
 725
 726         no-hlt          [BUGS=IA-32] Tells the kernel that the hlt
 727                         instruction doesn't work correctly and not to
 728                         use it.
 729
 730         noirqdebug      [IA-32] Disables the code which attempts to detect and
 731                         disable unhandled interrupt sources.
 732
 733         noisapnp        [ISAPNP] Disables ISA PnP code.
 734
 735         noinitrd        [RAM] Tells the kernel not to load any configured
 736                         initial RAM disk.
 737
 738         nointroute      [IA-64]
 739
 740         nolapic         [IA-32,APIC] Do not enable or use the local APIC.
 741
 742         nomce           [IA-32] Machine Check Exception
 743
 744         noresume        [SWSUSP] Disables resume and restore original swap space.
 745
 746         no-scroll       [VGA] Disables scrollback.
 747                         This is required for the Braillex ib80-piezo Braille
 748                         reader made by F.H. Papenmeier (Germany).
 749
 750         nosbagart       [IA-64]
 751
 752         nosmp           [SMP] Tells an SMP kernel to act as a UP kernel.
 753
 754         nosync          [HW,M68K] Disables sync negotiation for all devices.
 755
 756         notsc           [BUGS=IA-32] Disable Time Stamp Counter
 757
 758         nousb           [USB] Disable the USB subsystem
 759
 760         nowb            [ARM]
 761
 762         opl3=           [HW,OSS]
 763                         Format: <io>
 764
 765         opl3sa=         [HW,OSS]
 766                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
 767
 768         opl3sa2=        [HW,OSS]
 769                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mss_io>,<mpu_io>,<ymode>,<loopback>[,<isapnp>,<multiple]
 770
 771         oprofile.timer= [HW]
 772                         Use timer interrupt instead of performance counters
 773
 774         optcd=          [HW,CD]
 775                         Format: <io>
 776
 777         osst=           [HW,SCSI] SCSI Tape Driver
 778                         Format: <buffer_size>,<write_threshold>
 779                         See also Documentation/scsi/st.txt.
 780
 781         panic=          [KNL] Kernel behaviour on panic
 782                         Format: <timeout>
 783
 784         parport=0       [HW,PPT]        Specify parallel ports. 0 disables.
 785         parport=auto                    Use 'auto' to force the driver to use
 786         parport=0xBBB[,IRQ[,DMA]]       any IRQ/DMA settings detected (the
 787                                         default is to ignore detected IRQ/DMA
 788                                         settings because of possible
 789                                         conflicts). You can specify the base
 790                                         address, IRQ, and DMA settings; IRQ and
 791                                         DMA should be numbers, or 'auto' (for
 792                                         using detected settings on that
 793                                         particular port), or 'nofifo' (to avoid
 794                                         using a FIFO even if it is detected).
 795                                         Parallel ports are assigned in the
 796                                         order they are specified on the command
 797                                         line, starting with parport0.
 798
 799         pas2=           [HW,OSS]
 800                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<sb_dma16>
 801
 802         pas16=          [HW,SCSI]
 803                         See header of drivers/scsi/pas16.c.
 804
 805         pcbit=          [HW,ISDN]
 806
 807         pcd.            [PARIDE]
 808                         See header of drivers/block/paride/pcd.c.
 809                         See also Documentation/paride.txt.
 810
 811         pci=option[,option...]          [PCI] various PCI subsystem options:
 812                 off                     [IA-32] don't probe for the PCI bus
 813                 bios                    [IA-32] force use of PCI BIOS, don't access
 814                                         the hardware directly. Use this if your machine
 815                                         has a non-standard PCI host bridge.
 816                 nobios                  [IA-32] disallow use of PCI BIOS, only direct
 817                                         hardware access methods are allowed. Use this
 818                                         if you experience crashes upon bootup and you
 819                                         suspect they are caused by the BIOS.
 820                 conf1                   [IA-32] Force use of PCI Configuration Mechanism 1.
 821                 conf2                   [IA-32] Force use of PCI Configuration Mechanism 2.
 822                 nosort                  [IA-32] Don't sort PCI devices according to
 823                                         order given by the PCI BIOS. This sorting is done
 824                                         to get a device order compatible with older kernels.
 825                 biosirq                 [IA-32] Use PCI BIOS calls to get the interrupt
 826                                         routing table. These calls are known to be buggy
 827                                         on several machines and they hang the machine when used,
 828                                         but on other computers it's the only way to get the
 829                                         interrupt routing table. Try this option if the kernel
 830                                         is unable to allocate IRQs or discover secondary PCI
 831                                         buses on your motherboard.
 832                 rom                     [IA-32] Assign address space to expansion ROMs.
 833                                         Use with caution as certain devices share address
 834                                         decoders between ROMs and other resources.
 835                 irqmask=0xMMMM          [IA-32] Set a bit mask of IRQs allowed to be assigned
 836                                         automatically to PCI devices. You can make the kernel
 837                                         exclude IRQs of your ISA cards this way.
 838                 lastbus=N               [IA-32] Scan all buses till bus #N. Can be useful
 839                                         if the kernel is unable to find your secondary buses
 840                                         and you want to tell it explicitly which ones they are.
 841                 assign-busses           [IA-32] Always assign all PCI bus
 842                                         numbers ourselves, overriding
 843                                         whatever the firmware may have
 844                                         done.
 845                 usepirqmask             [IA-32] Honor the possible IRQ mask
 846                                         stored in the BIOS $PIR table. This is
 847                                         needed on some systems with broken
 848                                         BIOSes, notably some HP Pavilion N5400
 849                                         and Omnibook XE3 notebooks. This will
 850                                         have no effect if ACPI IRQ routing is
 851                                         enabled.
 852                 noacpi                  [IA-32] Do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
 853                                         or for PCI scanning.
 854
 855         pcmv=           [HW,PCMCIA] BadgePAD 4
 856
 857         pd.             [PARIDE]
 858                         See Documentation/paride.txt.
 859
 860         pf.             [PARIDE]
 861                         See Documentation/paride.txt.
 862
 863         pg.             [PARIDE]
 864                         See Documentation/paride.txt.
 865
 866         pirq=           [SMP,APIC] Manual mp-table setup
 867                         See Documentation/i386/IO-APIC.txt.
 868
 869         plip=           [PPT,NET] Parallel port network link
 870                         Format: { parport<nr> | timid | 0 }
 871                         See also Documentation/parport.txt.
 872
 873         pnpbios=        [ISAPNP]
 874                         { on | off | curr | res | no-curr | no-res }
 875
 876         pnp_reserve_irq=
 877                         [ISAPNP] Exclude IRQs for the autoconfiguration
 878
 879         pnp_reserve_dma=
 880                         [ISAPNP] Exclude DMAs for the autoconfiguration
 881
 882         pnp_reserve_io= [ISAPNP] Exclude I/O ports for the autoconfiguration
 883                         Ranges are in pairs (I/O port base and size).
 884
 885         pnp_reserve_mem=
 886                         [ISAPNP] Exclude memory regions for the autoconfiguration
 887                         Ranges are in pairs (memory base and size).
 888
 889         profile=        [KNL] Enable kernel profiling via /proc/profile
 890                         (param: profile step/bucket size as a power of 2)
 891
 892         prompt_ramdisk= [RAM] List of RAM disks to prompt for floppy disk
 893                         before loading.
 894                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
 895
 896         psmouse.proto=  [HW,MOUSE] Highest PS2 mouse protocol extension to
 897                         probe for (bare|imps|exps).
 898         psmouse.rate=   [HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse report rate, in reports
 899                         per second.
 900         psmouse.resetafter=
 901                         [HW,MOUSE] Try to reset the device after so many bad packets
 902                         (0 = never).
 903         psmouse.resolution=
 904                         [HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse resolution, in dpi.
 905         psmouse.smartscroll=
 906                         [HW,MOUSE] Controls Logitech smartscroll autorepeat,
 907                         0 = disabled, 1 = enabled (default).
 908
 909         pss=            [HW,OSS] Personal Sound System (ECHO ESC614)
 910                         Format: <io>,<mss_io>,<mss_irq>,<mss_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
 911
 912         pt.             [PARIDE]
 913                         See Documentation/paride.txt.
 914
 915         quiet=          [KNL] Disable log messages
 916
 917         r128=           [HW,DRM]
 918
 919         raid=           [HW,RAID]
 920                         See Documentation/md.txt.
 921
 922         ramdisk=        [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes [deprecated]
 923                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
 924
 925         ramdisk_blocksize=
 926                         [RAM]
 927                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
 928
 929         ramdisk_size=   [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes
 930                         New name for the ramdisk parameter.
 931                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
 932
 933         ramdisk_start=  [RAM] Starting block of RAM disk image (so you can
 934                         place it after the kernel image on a boot floppy).
 935                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
 936
 937         reboot=         [BUGS=IA-32,BUGS=ARM,BUGS=IA-64] Rebooting mode
 938                         Format: <reboot_mode>[,<reboot_mode2>[,...]]
 939                         See arch/*/kernel/reboot.c.
 940
 941         reserve=        [KNL,BUGS] Force the kernel to ignore some iomem area
 942
 943         resume=         [SWSUSP] Specify the partition device for software suspension
 944
 945         rhash_entries=  [KNL,NET]
 946                         Set number of hash buckets for route cache
 947
 948         riscom8=        [HW,SERIAL]
 949                         Format: <io_board1>[,<io_board2>[,...<io_boardN>]]
 950
 951         ro              [KNL] Mount root device read-only on boot
 952
 953         root=           [KNL] Root filesystem
 954
 955         rootflags=      [KNL] Set root filesystem mount option string
 956
 957         rootfstype=     [KNL] Set root filesystem type
 958
 959         rw              [KNL] Mount root device read-write on boot
 960
 961         S               [KNL] Run init in single mode
 962
 963         sa1100ir        [NET]
 964                         See drivers/net/irda/sa1100_ir.c.
 965
 966         sb=             [HW,OSS]
 967                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
 968
 969         sbni=           [NET] Granch SBNI12 leased line adapter
 970
 971         sbpcd=          [HW,CD] Soundblaster CD adapter
 972                         Format: <io>,<type>
 973                         See a comment before function sbpcd_setup() in
 974                         drivers/cdrom/sbpcd.c.
 975
 976         sc1200wdt=      [HW,WDT] SC1200 WDT (watchdog) driver
 977                         Format: <io>[,<timeout>[,<isapnp>]]
 978
 979         scsi_debug_*=   [SCSI]
 980                         See drivers/scsi/scsi_debug.c.
 981
 982         scsi_default_dev_flags=
 983                         [SCSI] SCSI default device flags
 984                         Format: <integer>
 985
 986         scsi_dev_flags= [SCSI] Black/white list entry for vendor and model
 987                         Format: <vendor>:<model>:<flags>
 988                         (flags are integer value)
 989
 990         scsi_logging=   [SCSI]
 991
 992         scsihosts=      [SCSI]
 993
 994         serialnumber    [BUGS=IA-32]
 995
 996         sf16fm=         [HW] SF16FMI radio driver for Linux
 997                         Format: <io>
 998
 999         sg_def_reserved_size=
1000                         [SCSI]
1001
1002         sgalaxy=        [HW,OSS]
1003                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<sgbase>
1004
1005         shapers=        [NET]
1006                         Maximal number of shapers.
1007
1008         sim710=         [SCSI,HW]
1009                         See header of drivers/scsi/sim710.c.
1010
1011         simeth=         [IA-64]
1012         simscsi=
1013
1014         sjcd=           [HW,CD]
1015                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>
1016                         See header of drivers/cdrom/sjcd.c.
1017
1018         slram=          [HW,MTD]
1019
1020         smart2=         [HW]
1021                         Format: <io1>[,<io2>[,...,<io8>]]
1022
1023         snd-ad1816a=    [HW,ALSA]
1024
1025         snd-ad1848=     [HW,ALSA]
1026
1027         snd-ali5451=    [HW,ALSA]
1028
1029         snd-als100=     [HW,ALSA]
1030
1031         snd-als4000=    [HW,ALSA]
1032
1033         snd-azt2320=    [HW,ALSA]
1034
1035         snd-cmi8330=    [HW,ALSA]
1036
1037         snd-cmipci=     [HW,ALSA]
1038
1039         snd-cs4231=     [HW,ALSA]
1040
1041         snd-cs4232=     [HW,ALSA]
1042
1043         snd-cs4236=     [HW,ALSA]
1044
1045         snd-cs4281=     [HW,ALSA]
1046
1047         snd-cs46xx=     [HW,ALSA]
1048
1049         snd-dt019x=     [HW,ALSA]
1050
1051         snd-dummy=      [HW,ALSA]
1052
1053         snd-emu10k1=    [HW,ALSA]
1054
1055         snd-ens1370=    [HW,ALSA]
1056
1057         snd-ens1371=    [HW,ALSA]
1058
1059         snd-es968=      [HW,ALSA]
1060
1061         snd-es1688=     [HW,ALSA]
1062
1063         snd-es18xx=     [HW,ALSA]
1064
1065         snd-es1938=     [HW,ALSA]
1066
1067         snd-es1968=     [HW,ALSA]
1068
1069         snd-fm801=      [HW,ALSA]
1070
1071         snd-gusclassic= [HW,ALSA]
1072
1073         snd-gusextreme= [HW,ALSA]
1074
1075         snd-gusmax=     [HW,ALSA]
1076
1077         snd-hdsp=       [HW,ALSA]
1078
1079         snd-ice1712=    [HW,ALSA]
1080
1081         snd-intel8x0=   [HW,ALSA]
1082
1083         snd-interwave=  [HW,ALSA]
1084
1085         snd-interwave-stb=
1086                         [HW,ALSA]
1087
1088         snd-korg1212=   [HW,ALSA]
1089
1090         snd-maestro3=   [HW,ALSA]
1091
1092         snd-mpu401=     [HW,ALSA]
1093
1094         snd-mtpav=      [HW,ALSA]
1095
1096         snd-nm256=      [HW,ALSA]
1097
1098         snd-opl3sa2=    [HW,ALSA]
1099
1100         snd-opti92x-ad1848=
1101                         [HW,ALSA]
1102
1103         snd-opti92x-cs4231=
1104                         [HW,ALSA]
1105
1106         snd-opti93x=    [HW,ALSA]
1107
1108         snd-pmac=       [HW,ALSA]
1109
1110         snd-rme32=      [HW,ALSA]
1111
1112         snd-rme96=      [HW,ALSA]
1113
1114         snd-rme9652=    [HW,ALSA]
1115
1116         snd-sb8=        [HW,ALSA]
1117
1118         snd-sb16=       [HW,ALSA]
1119
1120         snd-sbawe=      [HW,ALSA]
1121
1122         snd-serial=     [HW,ALSA]
1123
1124         snd-sgalaxy=    [HW,ALSA]
1125
1126         snd-sonicvibes= [HW,ALSA]
1127
1128         snd-sun-amd7930=
1129                         [HW,ALSA]
1130
1131         snd-sun-cs4231= [HW,ALSA]
1132
1133         snd-trident=    [HW,ALSA]
1134
1135         snd-usb-audio=  [HW,ALSA,USB]
1136
1137         snd-via82xx=    [HW,ALSA]
1138
1139         snd-virmidi=    [HW,ALSA]
1140
1141         snd-wavefront=  [HW,ALSA]
1142
1143         snd-ymfpci=     [HW,ALSA]
1144
1145         sonicvibes=     [HW,OSS]
1146                         Format: <reverb>
1147
1148         sonycd535=      [HW,CD]
1149                         Format: <io>[,<irq>]
1150
1151         sonypi=         [HW] Sony Programmable I/O Control Device driver
1152                         Format: <minor>,<verbose>,<fnkeyinit>,<camera>,<compat>,<nojogdial>
1153
1154         specialix=      [HW,SERIAL] Specialix multi-serial port adapter
1155                         See Documentation/specialix.txt.
1156
1157         speedstep_coppermine=
1158                         [HW,IA-32] Take CPU in your notebook as SpeedStep-capable
1159                         See comment before function speedstep_setup() in
1160                         arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/speedstep.c.
1161
1162         spia_io_base=   [HW,MTD]
1163         spia_fio_base=
1164         spia_pedr=
1165         spia_peddr=
1166
1167         sscape=         [HW,OSS]
1168                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
1169
1170         st=             [HW,SCSI] SCSI tape parameters (buffers, etc.)
1171                         See Documentation/scsi/st.txt.
1172
1173         st0x=           [HW,SCSI]
1174                         See header of drivers/scsi/seagate.c.
1175
1176         sti=            [HW]
1177                         Format: <num>
1178                         Set the STI (builtin display/keyboard on the HP-PARISC
1179                         machines) console (graphic card) which should be used
1180                         as the initial boot-console.
1181                         See also comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
1182
1183         sti_font=       [HW]
1184                         See comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
1185
1186         stifb=          [HW]
1187                         Format: bpp:<bpp1>[:<bpp2>[:<bpp3>...]]
1188
1189         stram_swap=     [HW,M68k]
1190
1191         swiotlb=        [IA-64] Number of I/O TLB slabs
1192
1193         switches=       [HW,M68k]
1194
1195         sym53c416=      [HW,SCSI]
1196                         See header of drivers/scsi/sym53c416.c.
1197
1198         sym53c8xx=      [HW,SCSI]
1199                         See Documentation/scsi/ncr53c8xx.txt.
1200
1201         t128=           [HW,SCSI]
1202                         See header of drivers/scsi/t128.c.
1203
1204         tdfx=           [HW,DRM]
1205
1206         thash_entries=  [KNL,NET]
1207                         Set number of hash buckets for TCP connection
1208
1209         tipar=          [HW]
1210                         See header of drivers/char/tipar.c.
1211
1212         tiusb=          [HW,USB] Texas Instruments' USB GraphLink (aka SilverLink)
1213                         Format: <timeout>
1214
1215         tmc8xx=         [HW,SCSI]
1216                         See header of drivers/scsi/seagate.c.
1217
1218         tmscsim=        [HW,SCSI]
1219                         See comment before function dc390_setup() in
1220                         drivers/scsi/tmscsim.c.
1221
1222         tp720=          [HW,PS2]
1223
1224         trix=           [HW,OSS] MediaTrix AudioTrix Pro
1225                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
1226
1227         tsdev.xres=     [TS] Horizontal screen resolution.
1228         tsdev.yres=     [TS] Vertical screen resolution.
1229
1230         turbografx.map[2|3]=
1231                         [HW,JOY] TurboGraFX parallel port interface
1232                         Format: <port#>,<js1>,<js2>,<js3>,<js4>,<js5>,<js6>,<js7>
1233                         See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
1234
1235         u14-34f=        [HW,SCSI] UltraStor 14F/34F SCSI host adapter
1236                         See header of drivers/scsi/u14-34f.c.
1237
1238         uart401=        [HW,OSS]
1239                         Format: <io>,<irq>
1240
1241         uart6850=       [HW,OSS]
1242                         Format: <io>,<irq>
1243
1244         video=          [FB] Frame buffer configuration
1245                         See Documentation/fb/modedb.txt.
1246
1247         vga=            [BOOT,IA-32] Select a particular video mode
1248                         See Documentation/i386/boot.txt and Documentation/svga.txt.
1249                         Use vga=ask for menu.
1250                         This is actually a boot loader parameter; the value is
1251                         passed to the kernel using a special protocol.
1252
1253         vmhalt=         [KNL,S390]
1254
1255         vmpoff=         [KNL,S390]
1256
1257         waveartist=     [HW,OSS]
1258                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
1259
1260         wd33c93=        [HW,SCSI]
1261                         See header of drivers/scsi/wd33c93.c.
1262
1263         wd7000=         [HW,SCSI]
1264                         See header of drivers/scsi/wd7000.c.
1265
1266         wdt=            [WDT] Watchdog
1267                         See Documentation/watchdog/watchdog.txt.
1268
1269         xd=             [HW,XT] Original XT pre-IDE (RLL encoded) disks.
1270         xd_geo=         See header of drivers/block/xd.c.
1271
1272         xirc2ps_cs=     [NET,PCMCIA]
1273                         Format: <irq>,<irq_mask>,<io>,<full_duplex>,<do_sound>,<lockup_hack>[,<irq2>[,<irq3>[,<irq4>]]]
1274
1275
1276
1277 Changelog:
1278
1279         The last known update (for 2.4.0) - the changelog was not kept before.
1280         2000-06-??      Mr. Unknown
1281
1282         Update for 2.5.49, description for most of the options introduced,
1283         references to other documentation (C files, READMEs, ..), added S390,
1284         PPC, SPARC, MTD, ALSA and OSS category. Minor corrections and
1285         reformatting.
1286         2002-11-24      Petr Baudis <pasky@ucw.cz>
1287                         Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@verizon.net>
1288
1289 TODO:
1290
1291         Add documentation for ALSA options.
1292         Add more DRM drivers.