Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt

   1 February 2003             Kernel Parameters                     v2.5.59
   2                           ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
   3
   4 The following is a consolidated list of the kernel parameters as implemented
   5 (mostly) by the __setup() macro and sorted into English Dictionary order
   6 (defined as ignoring all punctuation and sorting digits before letters in a
   7 case insensitive manner), and with descriptions where known.
   8
   9 Module parameters for loadable modules are specified only as the
  10 parameter name with optional '=' and value as appropriate, such as:
  11
  12         modprobe usbcore blinkenlights=1
  13
  14 Module parameters for modules that are built into the kernel image
  15 are specified on the kernel command line with the module name plus
  16 '.' plus parameter name, with '=' and value if appropriate, such as:
  17
  18         usbcore.blinkenlights=1
  19
  20 The text in square brackets at the beginning of the description state the
  21 restrictions on the kernel for the said kernel parameter to be valid. The
  22 restrictions referred to are that the relevant option is valid if:
  23
  24         ACPI    ACPI support is enabled.
  25         ALSA    ALSA sound support is enabled.
  26         APIC    APIC support is enabled.
  27         APM     Advanced Power Management support is enabled.
  28         AX25    Appropriate AX.25 support is enabled.
  29         CD      Appropriate CD support is enabled.
  30         DEVFS   devfs support is enabled.
  31         DRM     Direct Rendering Management support is enabled.
  32         EFI     EFI Partitioning (GPT) is enabled
  33         EIDE    EIDE/ATAPI support is enabled.
  34         FB      The frame buffer device is enabled.
  35         HW      Appropriate hardware is enabled.
  36         IA-32   IA-32 aka i386 architecture is enabled.
  37         IA-64   IA-64 architecture is enabled.
  38         IOSCHED More than one I/O scheduler is enabled.
  39         IP_PNP  IP DCHP, BOOTP, or RARP is enabled.
  40         ISAPNP  ISA PnP code is enabled.
  41         ISDN    Appropriate ISDN support is enabled.
  42         JOY     Appropriate joystick support is enabled.
  43         LP      Printer support is enabled.
  44         LOOP    Loopback device support is enabled.
  45         M68k    M68k architecture is enabled.
  46                         These options have more detailed description inside of
  47                         Documentation/m68k/kernel-options.txt.
  48         MCA     MCA bus support is enabled.
  49         MDA     MDA console support is enabled.
  50         MOUSE   Appropriate mouse support is enabled.
  51         MTD     MTD support is enabled.
  52         NET     Appropriate network support is enabled.
  53         NFS     Appropriate NFS support is enabled.
  54         OSS     OSS sound support is enabled.
  55         PARIDE  The ParIDE subsystem is enabled.
  56         PCI     PCI bus support is enabled.
  57         PCMCIA  The PCMCIA subsystem is enabled.
  58         PNP     Plug & Play support is enabled.
  59         PPC     PowerPC architecture is enabled.
  60         PPT     Parallel port support is enabled.
  61         PS2     Appropriate PS/2 support is enabled.
  62         RAM     RAM disk support is enabled.
  63         S390    S390 architecture is enabled.
  64         SCSI    Appropriate SCSI support is enabled.
  65                         A lot of drivers has their options described inside of
  66                         Documentation/scsi/.
  67         SERIAL  Serial support is enabled.
  68         SMP     The kernel is an SMP kernel.
  69         SPARC   Sparc architecture is enabled.
  70         SWSUSP  Software suspension is enabled.
  71         TS      Appropriate touchscreen support is enabled.
  72         USB     USB support is enabled.
  73         V4L     Video For Linux support is enabled.
  74         VGA     The VGA console has been enabled.
  75         VT      Virtual terminal support is enabled.
  76         WDT     Watchdog support is enabled.
  77         XT      IBM PC/XT MFM hard disk support is enabled.
  78
  79 In addition, the following text indicates that the option:
  80
  81         BUGS=   Relates to possible processor bugs on the said processor.
  82         KNL     Is a kernel start-up parameter.
  83         BOOT    Is a boot loader parameter.
  84
  85 Parameters denoted with BOOT are actually interpreted by the boot
  86 loader, and have no meaning to the kernel directly.
  87 Do not modify the syntax of boot loader parameters without extreme
  88 need or coordination with <Documentation/i386/boot.txt>.
  89
  90 Note that ALL kernel parameters listed below are CASE SENSITIVE, and that
  91 a trailing = on the name of any parameter states that that parameter will
  92 be entered as an environment variable, whereas its absence indicates that
  93 it will appear as a kernel argument readable via /proc/cmdline by programs
  94 running once the system is up.
  95
  96         53c7xx=         [HW,SCSI] Amiga SCSI controllers
  97                         See header of drivers/scsi/53c7xx.c.
  98                         See also Documentation/scsi/ncr53c7xx.txt.
  99
 100         98busmouse.irq= [HW,MOUSE] PC-9801 Bus Mouse Driver
 101                         Format: <irq>, default is 13
 102
 103         acpi=           [HW,ACPI] Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
 104                         Format: { force | off | ht | strict }
 105                         force -- enable ACPI if default was off
 106                         off -- disable ACPI if default was on
 107                         noirq -- do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
 108                         ht -- run only enough ACPI to enable Hyper Threading
 109                         strict --  Be less tolerant of platforms that are not
 110                                 strictly ACPI specification compliant.
 111
 112                         See also Documentation/pm.txt, pci=noacpi
 113
 114         acpi_sleep=     [HW,ACPI] Sleep options
 115                         Format: { s3_bios, s3_mode }
 116                         See Documentation/power/video.txt
 117
 118         acpi_sci=       [HW,ACPI] ACPI System Control Interrupt trigger mode
 119                         Format: { level | edge |  high | low }
 120
 121         acpi_irq_balance        [HW,ACPI] ACPI will balance active IRQs
 122                                 default in APIC mode
 123
 124         acpi_irq_nobalance      [HW,ACPI] ACPI will not move active IRQs (default)
 125                                 default in PIC mode
 126
 127         acpi_irq_pci=   [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, Clear listed IRQs for use by PCI
 128                         Format: <irq>,<irq>...
 129
 130         acpi_irq_isa=   [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, Mark listed IRQs used by ISA
 131                         Format: <irq>,<irq>...
 132
 133         acpi_osi=       [HW,ACPI] empty param disables _OSI
 134
 135         acpi_serialize  [HW,ACPI] force serialization of AML methods
 136
 137         acpi_skip_timer_override [HW,ACPI]
 138                         Recognize and ignore IRQ0/pin2 Interrupt Override.
 139                         For broken nForce2 BIOS resulting in XT-PIC timer.
 140
 141         ad1816=         [HW,OSS]
 142                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
 143                         See also Documentation/sound/oss/AD1816.
 144
 145         ad1848=         [HW,OSS]
 146                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<type>
 147
 148         adlib=          [HW,OSS]
 149                         Format: <io>
 150
 151         advansys=       [HW,SCSI]
 152                         See header of drivers/scsi/advansys.c.
 153
 154         advwdt=         [HW,WDT] Advantech WDT
 155                         Format: <iostart>,<iostop>
 156
 157         aedsp16=        [HW,OSS] Audio Excel DSP 16
 158                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mss_io>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
 159                         See also header of sound/oss/aedsp16.c.
 160
 161         aha152x=        [HW,SCSI]
 162                         See Documentation/scsi/aha152x.txt.
 163
 164         aha1542=        [HW,SCSI]
 165                         Format: <portbase>[,<buson>,<busoff>[,<dmaspeed>]]
 166
 167         aic7xxx=        [HW,SCSI]
 168                         See Documentation/scsi/aic7xxx.txt.
 169
 170         aic79xx=        [HW,SCSI]
 171                         See Documentation/scsi/aic79xx.txt.
 172
 173         allowdma0       [ISAPNP]
 174
 175         AM53C974=       [HW,SCSI]
 176                         Format: <host-scsi-id>,<target-scsi-id>,<max-rate>,<max-offset>
 177                         See also header of drivers/scsi/AM53C974.c.
 178
 179         amijoy.map=     [HW,JOY] Amiga joystick support
 180                         Map of devices attached to JOY0DAT and JOY1DAT
 181                         Format: <a>,<b>
 182                         See also Documentation/kernel/input/joystick.txt
 183
 184         analog.map=     [HW,JOY] Analog joystick and gamepad support
 185                         Specifies type or capabilities of an analog joystick
 186                         connected to one of 16 gameports
 187                         Format: <type1>,<type2>,..<type16>
 188
 189         apc=            [HW,SPARC] Power management functions (SPARCstation-4/5 + deriv.)
 190                         Format: noidle
 191                         Disable APC CPU standby support. SPARCstation-Fox does
 192                         not play well with APC CPU idle - disable it if you have
 193                         APC and your system crashes randomly.
 194
 195         apm=            [APM] Advanced Power Management
 196                         See header of arch/i386/kernel/apm.c.
 197
 198         applicom=       [HW]
 199                         Format: <mem>,<irq>
 200
 201         arcrimi=        [HW,NET] ARCnet - "RIM I" (entirely mem-mapped) cards
 202                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<nodeID>
 203
 204         ataflop=        [HW,M68k]
 205
 206         atarimouse=     [HW,MOUSE] Atari Mouse
 207
 208         atascsi=        [HW,SCSI] Atari SCSI
 209
 210         atkbd.extra=    [HW] Enable extra LEDs and keys on IBM RapidAccess, EzKey
 211                         and similar keyboards
 212
 213         atkbd.reset=    [HW] Reset keyboard during initialization
 214
 215         atkbd.set=      [HW] Select keyboard code set
 216                         Format: <int> (2 = AT (default) 3 = PS/2)
 217
 218         atkbd.scroll=   [HW] Enable scroll wheel on MS Office and similar keyboards
 219
 220         atkbd.softrepeat=
 221                         [HW] Use software keyboard repeat
 222
 223         autotest        [IA64]
 224
 225         awe=            [HW,OSS] AWE32/SB32/AWE64 wave table synth
 226                         Format: <io>,<memsize>,<isapnp>
 227
 228         aztcd=          [HW,CD] Aztech CD268 CDROM driver
 229                         Format: <io>,0x79 (?)
 230
 231         baycom_epp=     [HW,AX25]
 232                         Format: <io>,<mode>
 233
 234         baycom_par=     [HW,AX25] BayCom Parallel Port AX.25 Modem
 235                         Format: <io>,<mode>
 236                         See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_par.c.
 237
 238         baycom_ser_fdx= [HW,AX25] BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Full Duplex Mode)
 239                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>[,<baud>]
 240                         See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_fdx.c.
 241
 242         baycom_ser_hdx= [HW,AX25] BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Half Duplex Mode)
 243                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>
 244                         See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_hdx.c.
 245
 246         blkmtd_device=  [HW,MTD]
 247         blkmtd_erasesz=
 248         blkmtd_ro=
 249         blkmtd_bs=
 250         blkmtd_count=
 251
 252         bttv.card=      [HW,V4L] bttv (bt848 + bt878 based grabber cards)
 253         bttv.radio=     Most important insmod options are available as kernel args too.
 254         bttv.pll=       See Documentation/video4linux/bttv/Insmod-options
 255         bttv.tuner=     and Documentation/video4linux/bttv/CARDLIST
 256
 257         BusLogic=       [HW,SCSI]
 258                         See drivers/scsi/BusLogic.c, comment before function
 259                         BusLogic_ParseDriverOptions().
 260
 261         c101=           [NET] Moxa C101 synchronous serial card
 262
 263         cachesize=      [BUGS=IA-32] Override level 2 CPU cache size detection.
 264                         Sometimes CPU hardware bugs make them report the cache
 265                         size incorrectly. The kernel will attempt work arounds
 266                         to fix known problems, but for some CPUs it is not
 267                         possible to determine what the correct size should be.
 268                         This option provides an override for these situations.
 269
 270         cdu31a=         [HW,CD]
 271                         Format: <io>,<irq>[,PAS]
 272                         See header of drivers/cdrom/cdu31a.c.
 273
 274         chandev=        [HW,NET] Generic channel device initialisation
 275
 276         clock=          [BUGS=IA-32, HW] gettimeofday timesource override.
 277                         Forces specified timesource (if avaliable) to be used
 278                         when calculating gettimeofday(). If specicified timesource
 279                         is not avalible, it defaults to PIT.
 280                         Format: { pit | tsc | cyclone | pmtmr }
 281
 282         hpet=           [IA-32,HPET] option to disable HPET and use PIT.
 283                         Format: disable
 284
 285         cm206=          [HW,CD]
 286                         Format: { auto | [<io>,][<irq>] }
 287
 288         com20020=       [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM20020 chipset
 289                         Format: <io>[,<irq>[,<nodeID>[,<backplane>[,<ckp>[,<timeout>]]]]]
 290
 291         com90io=        [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (IO-mapped buffers)
 292                         Format: <io>[,<irq>]
 293
 294         com90xx=        [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (memory-mapped buffers)
 295                         Format: <io>[,<irq>[,<memstart>]]
 296
 297         condev=         [HW,S390] console device
 298         conmode=
 299
 300         console=        [KNL] Output console
 301                         Console device and comm spec (speed, control, parity).
 302
 303         cpcihp_generic= [HW,PCI] Generic port I/O CompactPCI driver
 304                         Format: <first_slot>,<last_slot>,<port>,<enum_bit>[,<debug>]
 305
 306         cpia_pp=        [HW,PPT]
 307                         Format: { parport<nr> | auto | none }
 308
 309         cs4232=         [HW,OSS]
 310                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mpuio>,<mpuirq>
 311
 312         cs89x0_dma=     [HW,NET]
 313                         Format: <dma>
 314
 315         cs89x0_media=   [HW,NET]
 316                         Format: { rj45 | aui | bnc }
 317
 318         cyclades=       [HW,SERIAL] Cyclades multi-serial port adapter.
 319
 320         dasd=           [HW,NET]
 321                         See header of drivers/s390/block/dasd_devmap.c.
 322
 323         db9.dev[2|3]=   [HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick support via parallel port
 324                         (one device per port)
 325                         Format: <port#>,<type>
 326                         See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
 327
 328         debug           [KNL] Enable kernel debugging (events log level).
 329
 330         decnet=         [HW,NET]
 331                         Format: <area>[,<node>]
 332                         See also Documentation/networking/decnet.txt.
 333
 334         devfs=          [DEVFS]
 335                         See Documentation/filesystems/devfs/boot-options.
 336
 337         dhash_entries=  [KNL]
 338                         Set number of hash buckets for dentry cache.
 339
 340         digi=           [HW,SERIAL]
 341                         IO parameters + enable/disable command.
 342
 343         digiepca=       [HW,SERIAL]
 344                         See drivers/char/README.epca and
 345                         Documentation/digiepca.txt.
 346
 347         dmascc=         [HW,AX25,SERIAL] AX.25 Z80SCC driver with DMA
 348                         support available.
 349                         Format: <io_dev0>[,<io_dev1>[,..<io_dev32>]]
 350
 351         dmasound=       [HW,OSS] Sound subsystem buffers
 352
 353         dscc4.setup=    [NET]
 354
 355         dtc3181e=       [HW,SCSI]
 356
 357         earlyprintk=    [x86, x86_64]
 358                         earlyprintk=vga
 359                         earlyprintk=serial[,ttySn[,baudrate]]
 360
 361                         Append ,keep to not disable it when the real console
 362                         takes over.
 363
 364                         Only vga or serial at a time, not both.
 365
 366                         Currently only ttyS0 and ttyS1 are supported.
 367
 368                         Interaction with the standard serial driver is not
 369                         very good.
 370
 371                         The VGA output is eventually overwritten by the real
 372                         console.
 373
 374         eata=           [HW,SCSI]
 375
 376         eda=            [HW,PS2]
 377
 378         edb=            [HW,PS2]
 379
 380         eicon=          [HW,ISDN]
 381                         Format: <id>,<membase>,<irq>
 382
 383         eisa_irq_edge=  [PARISC]
 384                         See header of drivers/parisc/eisa.c.
 385
 386         elanfreq=       [IA-32]
 387                         See comment before function elanfreq_setup() in
 388                         arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/elanfreq.c.
 389
 390         elevator=       [IOSCHED]
 391                         Format: {"as"|"cfq"|"deadline"|"noop"}
 392                         See Documentation/as-iosched.txt for details
 393
 394         es1370=         [HW,OSS]
 395                         Format: <lineout>[,<micbias>]
 396                         See also header of sound/oss/es1370.c.
 397
 398         es1371=         [HW,OSS]
 399                         Format: <spdif>,[<nomix>,[<amplifier>]]
 400                         See also header of sound/oss/es1371.c.
 401
 402         ether=          [HW,NET] Ethernet cards parameters
 403                         This option is obsoleted by the "netdev=" option, which
 404                         has equivalent usage. See its documentation for details.
 405
 406         eurwdt=         [HW,WDT] Eurotech CPU-1220/1410 onboard watchdog.
 407                         Format: <io>[,<irq>]
 408
 409         fd_mcs=         [HW,SCSI]
 410                         See header of drivers/scsi/fd_mcs.c.
 411
 412         fdomain=        [HW,SCSI]
 413                         See header of drivers/scsi/fdomain.c.
 414
 415         floppy=         [HW]
 416                         See Documentation/floppy.txt.
 417
 418         ftape=          [HW] Floppy Tape subsystem debugging options.
 419                         See Documentation/ftape.txt.
 420
 421         gamecon.map[2|3]=
 422                         [HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick and NES/SNES/PSX pad
 423                         support via parallel port (up to 5 devices per port)
 424                         Format: <port#>,<pad1>,<pad2>,<pad3>,<pad4>,<pad5>
 425                         See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
 426
 427         gamma=          [HW,DRM]
 428
 429         gdth=           [HW,SCSI]
 430                         See header of drivers/scsi/gdth.c.
 431
 432         gpt             [EFI] Forces disk with valid GPT signature but
 433                         invalid Protective MBR to be treated as GPT.
 434
 435         gscd=           [HW,CD]
 436                         Format: <io>
 437
 438         gt96100eth=     [NET] MIPS GT96100 Advanced Communication Controller
 439
 440         gus=            [HW,OSS]
 441                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>
 442
 443         gvp11=          [HW,SCSI]
 444
 445         hcl=            [IA-64] SGI's Hardware Graph compatibility layer
 446
 447         hd=             [EIDE] (E)IDE hard drive subsystem geometry
 448                         Format: <cyl>,<head>,<sect>
 449
 450         hd?=            [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
 451         hd?lun=         See Documentation/ide.txt.
 452
 453         hisax=          [HW,ISDN]
 454                         See Documentation/isdn/README.HiSax.
 455
 456         hugepages=      [HW,IA-32,IA-64] Maximal number of HugeTLB pages.
 457
 458         noirqbalance    [IA-32,SMP,KNL] Disable kernel irq balancing
 459
 460         i8042.direct    [HW] Put keyboard port into non-translated mode
 461         i8042.dumbkbd   [HW] Pretend that controlled can only read data from
 462                              keyboard and can not control its state
 463                              (Don't attempt to blink the leds)
 464         i8042.noaux     [HW] Don't check for auxiliary (== mouse) port
 465         i8042.nomux     [HW] Don't check presence of an active multiplexing
 466                              controller
 467         i8042.reset     [HW] Reset the controller during init and cleanup
 468         i8042.unlock    [HW] Unlock (ignore) the keylock
 469
 470         i810=           [HW,DRM]
 471
 472         ibmmcascsi=     [HW,MCA,SCSI] IBM MicroChannel SCSI adapter
 473                         See Documentation/mca.txt.
 474
 475         icn=            [HW,ISDN]
 476                         Format: <io>[,<membase>[,<icn_id>[,<icn_id2>]]]
 477
 478         ide?=           [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
 479                         Config (iomem/irq), tuning or debugging
 480                         (serialize,reset,no{dma,tune,probe}) or chipset
 481                         specific parameters.
 482                         See Documentation/ide.txt.
 483
 484         idebus=         [HW] (E)IDE subsystem - VLB/PCI bus speed
 485                         See Documentation/ide.txt.
 486
 487         idle=           [HW]
 488                         Format: idle=poll or idle=halt
 489
 490         ihash_entries=  [KNL]
 491                         Set number of hash buckets for inode cache.
 492
 493         in2000=         [HW,SCSI]
 494                         See header of drivers/scsi/in2000.c.
 495
 496         init=           [KNL]
 497                         Format: <full_path>
 498                         Run specified binary instead of /sbin/init as init
 499                         process.
 500
 501         initcall_debug  [KNL] Trace initcalls as they are executed.  Useful
 502                         for working out where the kernel is dying during
 503                         startup.
 504
 505         initrd=         [BOOT] Specify the location of the initial ramdisk
 506
 507         inport.irq=     [HW] Inport (ATI XL and Microsoft) busmouse driver
 508                         Format: <irq>
 509
 510         inttest=        [IA64]
 511
 512         io7=            [HW] IO7 for Marvel based alpha systems
 513                         See comment before marvel_specify_io7 in
 514                         arch/alpha/kernel/core_marvel.c.
 515
 516         ip=             [IP_PNP]
 517                         See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
 518
 519         ip2=            [HW] Set IO/IRQ pairs for up to 4 IntelliPort boards
 520                         See comment before ip2_setup() in drivers/char/ip2.c.
 521
 522         ips=            [HW,SCSI] Adaptec / IBM ServeRAID controller
 523                         See header of drivers/scsi/ips.c.
 524
 525         isapnp=         [ISAPNP]
 526                         Format: <RDP>, <reset>, <pci_scan>, <verbosity>
 527
 528         isp16=          [HW,CD]
 529                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<setup>
 530
 531         iucv=           [HW,NET]
 532
 533         js=             [HW,JOY] Analog joystick
 534                         See Documentation/input/joystick.txt.
 535
 536         keepinitrd      [HW,ARM]
 537
 538         l2cr=           [PPC]
 539
 540         lapic           [IA-32,APIC] Enable the local APIC even if BIOS disabled it.
 541
 542         lasi=           [HW,SCSI] PARISC LASI driver for the 53c700 chip
 543                         Format: addr:<io>,irq:<irq>
 544
 545         llsc*=          [IA64]
 546                         See function print_params() in arch/ia64/sn/kernel/llsc4.c.
 547
 548         load_ramdisk=   [RAM] List of ramdisks to load from floppy
 549                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
 550
 551         lockd.udpport=  [NFS]
 552
 553         lockd.tcpport=  [NFS]
 554
 555         logibm.irq=     [HW,MOUSE] Logitech Bus Mouse Driver
 556                         Format: <irq>
 557
 558         log_buf_len=n   Sets the size of the printk ring buffer, in bytes.
 559                         Format is n, nk, nM.  n must be a power of two.  The
 560                         default is set in kernel config.
 561
 562         lp=0            [LP]    Specify parallel ports to use, e.g,
 563         lp=port[,port...]       lp=none,parport0 (lp0 not configured, lp1 uses
 564         lp=reset                first parallel port). 'lp=0' disables the
 565         lp=auto                 printer driver. 'lp=reset' (which can be
 566                                 specified in addition to the ports) causes
 567                                 attached printers to be reset. Using
 568                                 lp=port1,port2,... specifies the parallel ports
 569                                 to associate lp devices with, starting with
 570                                 lp0. A port specification may be 'none' to skip
 571                                 that lp device, or a parport name such as
 572                                 'parport0'. Specifying 'lp=auto' instead of a
 573                                 port specification list means that device IDs
 574                                 from each port should be examined, to see if
 575                                 an IEEE 1284-compliant printer is attached; if
 576                                 so, the driver will manage that printer.
 577                                 See also header of drivers/char/lp.c.
 578
 579         ltpc=           [NET]
 580                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>
 581
 582         mac5380=        [HW,SCSI]
 583                         Format: <can_queue>,<cmd_per_lun>,<sg_tablesize>,<hostid>,<use_tags>
 584
 585         mac53c9x=       [HW,SCSI]
 586                         Format: <num_esps>,<disconnect>,<nosync>,<can_queue>,<cmd_per_lun>,<sg_tablesize>,<hostid>,<use_tags>
 587
 588         mad16=          [HW,OSS]
 589                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>,<joystick>
 590
 591         maui=           [HW,OSS]
 592                         Format: <io>,<irq>
 593
 594         max_loop=       [LOOP] Maximum number of loopback devices that can
 595                         be mounted
 596                         Format: <1-256>
 597
 598         maxcpus=        [SMP] Maximum number of processors that an SMP kernel
 599                         should make use of
 600
 601         max_scsi_luns=  [SCSI]
 602
 603         max_scsi_report_luns=
 604                         [SCSI] Maximum number of LUNs received
 605                         Should be between 1 and 16384.
 606
 607         mca-pentium     [BUGS=IA-32]
 608
 609         mcatest=        [IA-64]
 610
 611         mcd=            [HW,CD]
 612                         Format: <port>,<irq>,<mitsumi_bug_93_wait>
 613
 614         mcdx=           [HW,CD]
 615
 616         mce             [IA-32] Machine Check Exception
 617
 618         md=             [HW] RAID subsystems devices and level
 619                         See Documentation/md.txt.
 620
 621         mdacon=         [MDA]
 622                         Format: <first>,<last>
 623                         Specifies range of consoles to be captured by the MDA.
 624
 625         mem=nn[KMG]     [KNL,BOOT] Force usage of a specific amount of memory
 626                         Amount of memory to be used when the kernel is not able
 627                         to see the whole system memory or for test.
 628
 629         mem=nopentium   [BUGS=IA-32] Disable usage of 4MB pages for kernel
 630                         memory.
 631
 632         memmap=exactmap [KNL,IA-32] Enable setting of an exact
 633                         E820 memory map, as specified by the user.
 634                         Such memmap=exactmap lines can be constructed based on
 635                         BIOS output or other requirements. See the memmap=nn@ss
 636                         option description.
 637
 638         memmap=nn[KMG]@ss[KMG]
 639                         [KNL] Force usage of a specific region of memory
 640                         Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
 641
 642         memmap=nn[KMG]#ss[KMG]
 643                         [KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as ACPI data.
 644                         Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
 645
 646         memmap=nn[KMG]$ss[KMG]
 647                         [KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as reserved.
 648                         Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
 649
 650         meye=           [HW] Set MotionEye Camera parameters
 651                         See Documentation/video4linux/meye.txt.
 652
 653         mga=            [HW,DRM]
 654
 655         mousedev.xres=  [MOUSE] Horizontal screen resolution, used for devices
 656                         reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets
 657         mousedev.yres=  [MOUSE] Vertical screen resolution, used for devices
 658                         reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets
 659
 660         mpu401=         [HW,OSS]
 661                         Format: <io>,<irq>
 662
 663         MTD_Partition=  [MTD]
 664                         Format: <name>,<region-number>,<size>,<offset>
 665
 666         MTD_Region=     [MTD]
 667                         Format: <name>,<region-number>[,<base>,<size>,<buswidth>,<altbuswidth>]
 668
 669         mtdparts=       [MTD]
 670                         See drivers/mtd/cmdline.c.
 671
 672         n2=             [NET] SDL Inc. RISCom/N2 synchronous serial card
 673
 674         NCR_D700=       [HW,SCSI]
 675                         See header of drivers/scsi/NCR_D700.c.
 676
 677         ncr5380=        [HW,SCSI]
 678
 679         ncr53c400=      [HW,SCSI]
 680
 681         ncr53c400a=     [HW,SCSI]
 682
 683         ncr53c406a=     [HW,SCSI]
 684
 685         ncr53c8xx=      [HW,SCSI]
 686
 687         netdev=         [NET] Network devices parameters
 688                         Format: <irq>,<io>,<mem_start>,<mem_end>,<name>
 689                         Note that mem_start is often overloaded to mean
 690                         something different and driver-specific.
 691
 692         nfsaddrs=       [NFS]
 693                         See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
 694
 695         nfsroot=        [NFS] nfs root filesystem for disk-less boxes.
 696                         See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
 697
 698         nmi_watchdog=   [KNL,BUGS=IA-32] Debugging features for SMP kernels
 699
 700         no387           [BUGS=IA-32] Tells the kernel to use the 387 maths
 701                         emulation library even if a 387 maths coprocessor
 702                         is present.
 703
 704         noalign         [KNL,ARM]
 705
 706         noapic          [SMP,APIC] Tells the kernel not to make use of any
 707                         APIC that may be present on the system.
 708
 709         noasync         [HW,M68K] Disables async and sync negotiation for
 710                         all devices.
 711
 712         nocache         [ARM]
 713
 714         nodisconnect    [HW,SCSI,M68K] Disables SCSI disconnects.
 715
 716         noexec          [IA-64]
 717
 718         nofxsr          [BUGS=IA-32]
 719
 720         nohighio        [BUGS=IA-32] Disable highmem block I/O.
 721
 722         nohlt           [BUGS=ARM]
 723
 724         no-hlt          [BUGS=IA-32] Tells the kernel that the hlt
 725                         instruction doesn't work correctly and not to
 726                         use it.
 727
 728         noirqdebug      [IA-32] Disables the code which attempts to detect and
 729                         disable unhandled interrupt sources.
 730
 731         noisapnp        [ISAPNP] Disables ISA PnP code.
 732
 733         noinitrd        [RAM] Tells the kernel not to load any configured
 734                         initial RAM disk.
 735
 736         nointroute      [IA-64]
 737
 738         nolapic         [IA-32,APIC] Do not enable or use the local APIC.
 739
 740         nomce           [IA-32] Machine Check Exception
 741
 742         noresume        [SWSUSP] Disables resume and restore original swap space.
 743
 744         no-scroll       [VGA] Disables scrollback.
 745                         This is required for the Braillex ib80-piezo Braille
 746                         reader made by F.H. Papenmeier (Germany).
 747
 748         nosbagart       [IA-64]
 749
 750         nosmp           [SMP] Tells an SMP kernel to act as a UP kernel.
 751
 752         nosync          [HW,M68K] Disables sync negotiation for all devices.
 753
 754         notsc           [BUGS=IA-32] Disable Time Stamp Counter
 755
 756         nousb           [USB] Disable the USB subsystem
 757
 758         nowb            [ARM]
 759
 760         opl3=           [HW,OSS]
 761                         Format: <io>
 762
 763         opl3sa=         [HW,OSS]
 764                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
 765
 766         opl3sa2=        [HW,OSS]
 767                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mss_io>,<mpu_io>,<ymode>,<loopback>[,<isapnp>,<multiple]
 768
 769         oprofile.timer= [HW]
 770                         Use timer interrupt instead of performance counters
 771
 772         optcd=          [HW,CD]
 773                         Format: <io>
 774
 775         osst=           [HW,SCSI] SCSI Tape Driver
 776                         Format: <buffer_size>,<write_threshold>
 777                         See also Documentation/scsi/st.txt.
 778
 779         panic=          [KNL] Kernel behaviour on panic
 780                         Format: <timeout>
 781
 782         parport=0       [HW,PPT]        Specify parallel ports. 0 disables.
 783         parport=auto                    Use 'auto' to force the driver to use
 784         parport=0xBBB[,IRQ[,DMA]]       any IRQ/DMA settings detected (the
 785                                         default is to ignore detected IRQ/DMA
 786                                         settings because of possible
 787                                         conflicts). You can specify the base
 788                                         address, IRQ, and DMA settings; IRQ and
 789                                         DMA should be numbers, or 'auto' (for
 790                                         using detected settings on that
 791                                         particular port), or 'nofifo' (to avoid
 792                                         using a FIFO even if it is detected).
 793                                         Parallel ports are assigned in the
 794                                         order they are specified on the command
 795                                         line, starting with parport0.
 796
 797         pas2=           [HW,OSS]
 798                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<sb_dma16>
 799
 800         pas16=          [HW,SCSI]
 801                         See header of drivers/scsi/pas16.c.
 802
 803         pcbit=          [HW,ISDN]
 804
 805         pcd.            [PARIDE]
 806                         See header of drivers/block/paride/pcd.c.
 807                         See also Documentation/paride.txt.
 808
 809         pci=option[,option...]          [PCI] various PCI subsystem options:
 810                 off                     [IA-32] don't probe for the PCI bus
 811                 bios                    [IA-32] force use of PCI BIOS, don't access
 812                                         the hardware directly. Use this if your machine
 813                                         has a non-standard PCI host bridge.
 814                 nobios                  [IA-32] disallow use of PCI BIOS, only direct
 815                                         hardware access methods are allowed. Use this
 816                                         if you experience crashes upon bootup and you
 817                                         suspect they are caused by the BIOS.
 818                 conf1                   [IA-32] Force use of PCI Configuration Mechanism 1.
 819                 conf2                   [IA-32] Force use of PCI Configuration Mechanism 2.
 820                 nosort                  [IA-32] Don't sort PCI devices according to
 821                                         order given by the PCI BIOS. This sorting is done
 822                                         to get a device order compatible with older kernels.
 823                 biosirq                 [IA-32] Use PCI BIOS calls to get the interrupt
 824                                         routing table. These calls are known to be buggy
 825                                         on several machines and they hang the machine when used,
 826                                         but on other computers it's the only way to get the
 827                                         interrupt routing table. Try this option if the kernel
 828                                         is unable to allocate IRQs or discover secondary PCI
 829                                         buses on your motherboard.
 830                 rom                     [IA-32] Assign address space to expansion ROMs.
 831                                         Use with caution as certain devices share address
 832                                         decoders between ROMs and other resources.
 833                 irqmask=0xMMMM          [IA-32] Set a bit mask of IRQs allowed to be assigned
 834                                         automatically to PCI devices. You can make the kernel
 835                                         exclude IRQs of your ISA cards this way.
 836                 lastbus=N               [IA-32] Scan all buses till bus #N. Can be useful
 837                                         if the kernel is unable to find your secondary buses
 838                                         and you want to tell it explicitly which ones they are.
 839                 assign-busses           [IA-32] Always assign all PCI bus
 840                                         numbers ourselves, overriding
 841                                         whatever the firmware may have
 842                                         done.
 843                 usepirqmask             [IA-32] Honor the possible IRQ mask
 844                                         stored in the BIOS $PIR table. This is
 845                                         needed on some systems with broken
 846                                         BIOSes, notably some HP Pavilion N5400
 847                                         and Omnibook XE3 notebooks. This will
 848                                         have no effect if ACPI IRQ routing is
 849                                         enabled.
 850                 noacpi                  [IA-32] Do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
 851                                         or for PCI scanning.
 852
 853         pcmv=           [HW,PCMCIA] BadgePAD 4
 854
 855         pd.             [PARIDE]
 856                         See Documentation/paride.txt.
 857
 858         pf.             [PARIDE]
 859                         See Documentation/paride.txt.
 860
 861         pg.             [PARIDE]
 862                         See Documentation/paride.txt.
 863
 864         pirq=           [SMP,APIC] Manual mp-table setup
 865                         See Documentation/i386/IO-APIC.txt.
 866
 867         plip=           [PPT,NET] Parallel port network link
 868                         Format: { parport<nr> | timid | 0 }
 869                         See also Documentation/parport.txt.
 870
 871         pnpbios=        [ISAPNP]
 872                         { on | off | curr | res | no-curr | no-res }
 873
 874         pnp_reserve_irq=
 875                         [ISAPNP] Exclude IRQs for the autoconfiguration
 876
 877         pnp_reserve_dma=
 878                         [ISAPNP] Exclude DMAs for the autoconfiguration
 879
 880         pnp_reserve_io= [ISAPNP] Exclude I/O ports for the autoconfiguration
 881                         Ranges are in pairs (I/O port base and size).
 882
 883         pnp_reserve_mem=
 884                         [ISAPNP] Exclude memory regions for the autoconfiguration
 885                         Ranges are in pairs (memory base and size).
 886
 887         profile=        [KNL] Enable kernel profiling via /proc/profile
 888                         (param: profile step/bucket size as a power of 2)
 889
 890         prompt_ramdisk= [RAM] List of RAM disks to prompt for floppy disk
 891                         before loading.
 892                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
 893
 894         psmouse.proto=  [HW,MOUSE] Highest PS2 mouse protocol extension to
 895                         probe for (bare|imps|exps).
 896         psmouse.rate=   [HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse report rate, in reports
 897                         per second.
 898         psmouse.resetafter=
 899                         [HW,MOUSE] Try to reset the device after so many bad packets
 900                         (0 = never).
 901         psmouse.resolution=
 902                         [HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse resolution, in dpi.
 903         psmouse.smartscroll=
 904                         [HW,MOUSE] Controls Logitech smartscroll autorepeat,
 905                         0 = disabled, 1 = enabled (default).
 906
 907         pss=            [HW,OSS] Personal Sound System (ECHO ESC614)
 908                         Format: <io>,<mss_io>,<mss_irq>,<mss_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
 909
 910         pt.             [PARIDE]
 911                         See Documentation/paride.txt.
 912
 913         quiet=          [KNL] Disable log messages
 914
 915         r128=           [HW,DRM]
 916
 917         raid=           [HW,RAID]
 918                         See Documentation/md.txt.
 919
 920         ramdisk=        [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes [deprecated]
 921                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
 922
 923         ramdisk_blocksize=
 924                         [RAM]
 925                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
 926
 927         ramdisk_size=   [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes
 928                         New name for the ramdisk parameter.
 929                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
 930
 931         ramdisk_start=  [RAM] Starting block of RAM disk image (so you can
 932                         place it after the kernel image on a boot floppy).
 933                         See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
 934
 935         reboot=         [BUGS=IA-32,BUGS=ARM,BUGS=IA-64] Rebooting mode
 936                         Format: <reboot_mode>[,<reboot_mode2>[,...]]
 937                         See arch/*/kernel/reboot.c.
 938
 939         reserve=        [KNL,BUGS] Force the kernel to ignore some iomem area
 940
 941         resume=         [SWSUSP] Specify the partition device for software suspension
 942
 943         rhash_entries=  [KNL,NET]
 944                         Set number of hash buckets for route cache
 945
 946         riscom8=        [HW,SERIAL]
 947                         Format: <io_board1>[,<io_board2>[,...<io_boardN>]]
 948
 949         ro              [KNL] Mount root device read-only on boot
 950
 951         root=           [KNL] Root filesystem
 952
 953         rootflags=      [KNL] Set root filesystem mount option string
 954
 955         rootfstype=     [KNL] Set root filesystem type
 956
 957         rw              [KNL] Mount root device read-write on boot
 958
 959         S               [KNL] Run init in single mode
 960
 961         sa1100ir        [NET]
 962                         See drivers/net/irda/sa1100_ir.c.
 963
 964         sb=             [HW,OSS]
 965                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
 966
 967         sbni=           [NET] Granch SBNI12 leased line adapter
 968
 969         sbpcd=          [HW,CD] Soundblaster CD adapter
 970                         Format: <io>,<type>
 971                         See a comment before function sbpcd_setup() in
 972                         drivers/cdrom/sbpcd.c.
 973
 974         sc1200wdt=      [HW,WDT] SC1200 WDT (watchdog) driver
 975                         Format: <io>[,<timeout>[,<isapnp>]]
 976
 977         scsi_debug_*=   [SCSI]
 978                         See drivers/scsi/scsi_debug.c.
 979
 980         scsi_default_dev_flags=
 981                         [SCSI] SCSI default device flags
 982                         Format: <integer>
 983
 984         scsi_dev_flags= [SCSI] Black/white list entry for vendor and model
 985                         Format: <vendor>:<model>:<flags>
 986                         (flags are integer value)
 987
 988         scsi_logging=   [SCSI]
 989
 990         scsihosts=      [SCSI]
 991
 992         serialnumber    [BUGS=IA-32]
 993
 994         sf16fm=         [HW] SF16FMI radio driver for Linux
 995                         Format: <io>
 996
 997         sg_def_reserved_size=
 998                         [SCSI]
 999
1000         sgalaxy=        [HW,OSS]
1001                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<sgbase>
1002
1003         shapers=        [NET]
1004                         Maximal number of shapers.
1005
1006         sim710=         [SCSI,HW]
1007                         See header of drivers/scsi/sim710.c.
1008
1009         simeth=         [IA-64]
1010         simscsi=
1011
1012         sjcd=           [HW,CD]
1013                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>
1014                         See header of drivers/cdrom/sjcd.c.
1015
1016         slram=          [HW,MTD]
1017
1018         smart2=         [HW]
1019                         Format: <io1>[,<io2>[,...,<io8>]]
1020
1021         snd-ad1816a=    [HW,ALSA]
1022
1023         snd-ad1848=     [HW,ALSA]
1024
1025         snd-ali5451=    [HW,ALSA]
1026
1027         snd-als100=     [HW,ALSA]
1028
1029         snd-als4000=    [HW,ALSA]
1030
1031         snd-azt2320=    [HW,ALSA]
1032
1033         snd-cmi8330=    [HW,ALSA]
1034
1035         snd-cmipci=     [HW,ALSA]
1036
1037         snd-cs4231=     [HW,ALSA]
1038
1039         snd-cs4232=     [HW,ALSA]
1040
1041         snd-cs4236=     [HW,ALSA]
1042
1043         snd-cs4281=     [HW,ALSA]
1044
1045         snd-cs46xx=     [HW,ALSA]
1046
1047         snd-dt019x=     [HW,ALSA]
1048
1049         snd-dummy=      [HW,ALSA]
1050
1051         snd-emu10k1=    [HW,ALSA]
1052
1053         snd-ens1370=    [HW,ALSA]
1054
1055         snd-ens1371=    [HW,ALSA]
1056
1057         snd-es968=      [HW,ALSA]
1058
1059         snd-es1688=     [HW,ALSA]
1060
1061         snd-es18xx=     [HW,ALSA]
1062
1063         snd-es1938=     [HW,ALSA]
1064
1065         snd-es1968=     [HW,ALSA]
1066
1067         snd-fm801=      [HW,ALSA]
1068
1069         snd-gusclassic= [HW,ALSA]
1070
1071         snd-gusextreme= [HW,ALSA]
1072
1073         snd-gusmax=     [HW,ALSA]
1074
1075         snd-hdsp=       [HW,ALSA]
1076
1077         snd-ice1712=    [HW,ALSA]
1078
1079         snd-intel8x0=   [HW,ALSA]
1080
1081         snd-interwave=  [HW,ALSA]
1082
1083         snd-interwave-stb=
1084                         [HW,ALSA]
1085
1086         snd-korg1212=   [HW,ALSA]
1087
1088         snd-maestro3=   [HW,ALSA]
1089
1090         snd-mpu401=     [HW,ALSA]
1091
1092         snd-mtpav=      [HW,ALSA]
1093
1094         snd-nm256=      [HW,ALSA]
1095
1096         snd-opl3sa2=    [HW,ALSA]
1097
1098         snd-opti92x-ad1848=
1099                         [HW,ALSA]
1100
1101         snd-opti92x-cs4231=
1102                         [HW,ALSA]
1103
1104         snd-opti93x=    [HW,ALSA]
1105
1106         snd-pmac=       [HW,ALSA]
1107
1108         snd-rme32=      [HW,ALSA]
1109
1110         snd-rme96=      [HW,ALSA]
1111
1112         snd-rme9652=    [HW,ALSA]
1113
1114         snd-sb8=        [HW,ALSA]
1115
1116         snd-sb16=       [HW,ALSA]
1117
1118         snd-sbawe=      [HW,ALSA]
1119
1120         snd-serial=     [HW,ALSA]
1121
1122         snd-sgalaxy=    [HW,ALSA]
1123
1124         snd-sonicvibes= [HW,ALSA]
1125
1126         snd-sun-amd7930=
1127                         [HW,ALSA]
1128
1129         snd-sun-cs4231= [HW,ALSA]
1130
1131         snd-trident=    [HW,ALSA]
1132
1133         snd-usb-audio=  [HW,ALSA,USB]
1134
1135         snd-via82xx=    [HW,ALSA]
1136
1137         snd-virmidi=    [HW,ALSA]
1138
1139         snd-wavefront=  [HW,ALSA]
1140
1141         snd-ymfpci=     [HW,ALSA]
1142
1143         sonicvibes=     [HW,OSS]
1144                         Format: <reverb>
1145
1146         sonycd535=      [HW,CD]
1147                         Format: <io>[,<irq>]
1148
1149         sonypi=         [HW] Sony Programmable I/O Control Device driver
1150                         Format: <minor>,<verbose>,<fnkeyinit>,<camera>,<compat>,<nojogdial>
1151
1152         specialix=      [HW,SERIAL] Specialix multi-serial port adapter
1153                         See Documentation/specialix.txt.
1154
1155         speedstep_coppermine=
1156                         [HW,IA-32] Take CPU in your notebook as SpeedStep-capable
1157                         See comment before function speedstep_setup() in
1158                         arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/speedstep.c.
1159
1160         spia_io_base=   [HW,MTD]
1161         spia_fio_base=
1162         spia_pedr=
1163         spia_peddr=
1164
1165         sscape=         [HW,OSS]
1166                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
1167
1168         st=             [HW,SCSI] SCSI tape parameters (buffers, etc.)
1169                         See Documentation/scsi/st.txt.
1170
1171         st0x=           [HW,SCSI]
1172                         See header of drivers/scsi/seagate.c.
1173
1174         sti=            [HW]
1175                         Format: <num>
1176                         Set the STI (builtin display/keyboard on the HP-PARISC
1177                         machines) console (graphic card) which should be used
1178                         as the initial boot-console.
1179                         See also comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
1180
1181         sti_font=       [HW]
1182                         See comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
1183
1184         stifb=          [HW]
1185                         Format: bpp:<bpp1>[:<bpp2>[:<bpp3>...]]
1186
1187         stram_swap=     [HW,M68k]
1188
1189         swiotlb=        [IA-64] Number of I/O TLB slabs
1190
1191         switches=       [HW,M68k]
1192
1193         sym53c416=      [HW,SCSI]
1194                         See header of drivers/scsi/sym53c416.c.
1195
1196         sym53c8xx=      [HW,SCSI]
1197                         See Documentation/scsi/ncr53c8xx.txt.
1198
1199         t128=           [HW,SCSI]
1200                         See header of drivers/scsi/t128.c.
1201
1202         tdfx=           [HW,DRM]
1203
1204         thash_entries=  [KNL,NET]
1205                         Set number of hash buckets for TCP connection
1206
1207         tipar=          [HW]
1208                         See header of drivers/char/tipar.c.
1209
1210         tiusb=          [HW,USB] Texas Instruments' USB GraphLink (aka SilverLink)
1211                         Format: <timeout>
1212
1213         tmc8xx=         [HW,SCSI]
1214                         See header of drivers/scsi/seagate.c.
1215
1216         tmscsim=        [HW,SCSI]
1217                         See comment before function dc390_setup() in
1218                         drivers/scsi/tmscsim.c.
1219
1220         tp720=          [HW,PS2]
1221
1222         trix=           [HW,OSS] MediaTrix AudioTrix Pro
1223                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
1224
1225         tsdev.xres=     [TS] Horizontal screen resolution.
1226         tsdev.yres=     [TS] Vertical screen resolution.
1227
1228         turbografx.map[2|3]=
1229                         [HW,JOY] TurboGraFX parallel port interface
1230                         Format: <port#>,<js1>,<js2>,<js3>,<js4>,<js5>,<js6>,<js7>
1231                         See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
1232
1233         u14-34f=        [HW,SCSI] UltraStor 14F/34F SCSI host adapter
1234                         See header of drivers/scsi/u14-34f.c.
1235
1236         uart401=        [HW,OSS]
1237                         Format: <io>,<irq>
1238
1239         uart6850=       [HW,OSS]
1240                         Format: <io>,<irq>
1241
1242         video=          [FB] Frame buffer configuration
1243                         See Documentation/fb/modedb.txt.
1244
1245         vga=            [BOOT,IA-32] Select a particular video mode
1246                         See Documentation/i386/boot.txt and Documentation/svga.txt.
1247                         Use vga=ask for menu.
1248                         This is actually a boot loader parameter; the value is
1249                         passed to the kernel using a special protocol.
1250
1251         vmhalt=         [KNL,S390]
1252
1253         vmpoff=         [KNL,S390]
1254
1255         waveartist=     [HW,OSS]
1256                         Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
1257
1258         wd33c93=        [HW,SCSI]
1259                         See header of drivers/scsi/wd33c93.c.
1260
1261         wd7000=         [HW,SCSI]
1262                         See header of drivers/scsi/wd7000.c.
1263
1264         wdt=            [WDT] Watchdog
1265                         See Documentation/watchdog/watchdog.txt.
1266
1267         xd=             [HW,XT] Original XT pre-IDE (RLL encoded) disks.
1268         xd_geo=         See header of drivers/block/xd.c.
1269
1270         xirc2ps_cs=     [NET,PCMCIA]
1271                         Format: <irq>,<irq_mask>,<io>,<full_duplex>,<do_sound>,<lockup_hack>[,<irq2>[,<irq3>[,<irq4>]]]
1272
1273
1274
1275 Changelog:
1276
1277         The last known update (for 2.4.0) - the changelog was not kept before.
1278         2000-06-??      Mr. Unknown
1279
1280         Update for 2.5.49, description for most of the options introduced,
1281         references to other documentation (C files, READMEs, ..), added S390,
1282         PPC, SPARC, MTD, ALSA and OSS category. Minor corrections and
1283         reformatting.
1284         2002-11-24      Petr Baudis <pasky@ucw.cz>
1285                         Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@verizon.net>
1286
1287 TODO:
1288
1289         Add documentation for ALSA options.
1290         Add more DRM drivers.