2 Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver
3 ==========================================
10 To enable the ALSA support, at least you need to build the kernel with
11 the primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND). Since ALSA can emulate
12 the OSS, you don't have to choose any of the OSS/Free modules. Please
13 enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and
14 PCM supports if you want to run the OSS application with the ALSA.
16 When you want to support the WaveTable functionality on some cards
17 such like SB Live!, you need to enable "Sequencer support"
18 (CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER).
20 For getting more verbose debug messages, turn on "Verbose printk" and
21 "Debug" options. For checking the memory leaks, you can turn on
22 "Debug memory" option, too. "Debug detection" will put more
23 additional checks for the detection of cards.
25 Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support Linux isapnp API (if
26 the card supports). You don't need to configure the PnP via
33 Use the /dev/MAKEDEV script to create the nessecary device nodes.
39 A user can modify or set parameters at the load time of the module. If
40 the module supports more cards and you have got more than one card
41 of the same type, you may simply specify more values for the parameter,
44 Note that module option names were changed in 0.9.0rc4. The 'snd_'
50 The module snd is the ALSA core module, which is used by all ALSA
51 card drivers. This takes the global options for creating devices,
54 major - major # for sound driver
57 - specifies card limit # for auto-loading (1-8)
59 - for auto-loading more than 1 card, specify this option
60 together with snd-card-X aliases.
62 - specifies permission mask for dynamic sound device filesystem
63 (available only when DEVFS is enabled)
64 - default value = 0666
65 - for example 'device_mode=0660'
71 The PCM OSS emulation module.
72 This module takes the options to change the mapping of devices.
74 dsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
76 adsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
78 nonblock_open - Don't block opening busy PCM devices.
80 For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
81 the card #0. Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped
82 to PCM #0 of the card #0.
83 For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
84 commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1".
86 nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
87 regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
88 opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
89 immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
94 This module takes the options to change the mapping of OSS
95 devices like snd-pcm-oss module.
97 midi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
99 amidi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
102 Common parameters for top soundcard modules
103 -------------------------------------------
105 Each of top-level soundcard module takes some general options,
107 index - 0-7 - index (slot #) for soundcard
108 - if not set or -1, first free index (slot #) is assigned
109 id - user identification for card (up to 15 chars)
110 - default expression is 'card<index>' (for example card1)
111 - value is used for /proc/asound filesystem
112 - this value can be used by applications for identification
113 of card if user does not want identify card with index number
114 enable - enable card. (all cards enabled for PCI and ISA PnP cards
120 Module for soundcards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
122 port - port # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
123 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
124 fm_port - port # for OPL3 (PnP setup)
125 irq - IRQ # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
126 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
127 dma1 - first DMA # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
128 dma2 - second DMA # for AD1816A chip (PnP setup)
130 Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and PnP.
135 Module for soundcards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
137 port - port # for AD1848 chip
138 irq - IRQ # for AD1848 chip
139 dma1 - DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
141 Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
142 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
147 Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
149 pcm_channels - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
150 spdif - Support SPDIF I/O (disabled by default)
152 Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
154 The power-management is supported.
159 Module for soundcards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
161 port - port # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
162 irq - IRQ # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
163 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
164 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for ALS100 (SB16) chip (PnP setup)
165 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
166 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 (PnP setup)
167 fm_port - port # for OPL3 FM (PnP setup)
169 Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and PnP.
174 Module for soundcards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
176 joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support.
177 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
179 Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and PnP.
184 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 controllers.
186 ac97_clock - AC'97 clock (defalut = 48000)
187 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
188 See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
189 spdif_aclink - S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
191 This module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
193 Module snd-atiixp-modem
194 -----------------------
196 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
198 Module supports up to 8 cards.
200 Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
201 -----------------------------------------
203 Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
205 pcifix - Control PCI workarounds
206 0 = Disable all workarounds
207 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff
208 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
209 Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge
210 3 = Force both settings
211 255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
213 This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
214 EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
215 Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
216 http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
217 SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
218 "spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
219 The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
222 Note: Some ALSA mixer applicactions don't handle the SPDIF samplerate
223 control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
224 another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
229 Module for soundcards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
231 port - port # for AZT2320 chip (PnP setup)
232 wss_port - port # for WSS (PnP setup)
233 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
234 fm_port - FM port # for AZT2320 chip (PnP setup)
235 irq - IRQ # for AZT2320 (WSS) chip (PnP setup)
236 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup)
237 dma1 - 1st DMA # for AZT2320 (WSS) chip (PnP setup)
238 dma2 - 2nd DMA # for AZT2320 (WSS) chip (PnP setup)
240 Module supports up to 8 cards, PnP and autoprobe.
245 Module for soundcards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
247 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
249 Module supports up to 8 cards.
254 Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
256 digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz)
257 load_all - Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
259 Module supports up to 8 cards.
264 Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
266 Module supports up to 8 cards.
272 Module for soundcards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
274 wssport - port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
275 wssirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
276 wssdma - first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
277 sbport - port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
278 sbirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
279 sbdma8 - 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
280 sbdma16 - 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
282 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
287 Module for C-Media CMI8338 and 8738 PCI soundcards.
289 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, 0 = disable (default)
290 fm_port - 0x388 (default), 0 = disable (default)
291 soft_ac3 - Sofware-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only)
293 joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
295 Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
300 Module for soundcards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
302 port - port # for CS4231 chip
303 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
304 irq - IRQ # for CS4231 chip
305 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
306 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4231 chip
307 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4231 chip
309 Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
310 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
312 The power-management is supported.
317 Module for soundcards based on CS4232/CS4232A ISA chips.
319 port - port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
320 cport - control port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
321 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
322 fm_port - FM port # for CS4232 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
323 irq - IRQ # for CS4232 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
324 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
325 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4232 chip (0,1,3)
326 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha CS4232 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
327 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
329 Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
330 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
332 The power-management is supported.
337 Module for soundcards based on CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/
338 CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
340 port - port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
341 cport - control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
342 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
343 fm_port - FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
344 irq - IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
345 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
346 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
347 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
348 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
350 Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
351 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
352 specified!!! Other ports are optional.
354 The power-management is supported.
359 Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
361 dual_codec - Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
363 Module supports up to 8 cards.
365 The power-management is supported.
370 Module for PCI soundcards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
371 CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
373 external_amp - Force to enable external amplifer.
374 thinkpad - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
375 mmap_valid - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
377 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
378 Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
379 from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
382 The power-management is supported.
387 Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
390 port - Port # (PnP setup)
391 mpu_port - Port # for MPU-401 (PnP setup)
392 fm_port - Port # for FM OPL-3 (PnP setup)
393 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
394 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 (PnP setup)
395 dma8 - DMA # (PnP setup)
397 Module supports up to 8 cards. This module is enabled only with
403 Module for the dummy soundcard. This soundcard doesn't do any output
404 or input, but you may use this module for any application which
405 requires a soundcard (like RealPlayer).
410 Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI soundcards.
411 * Sound Blaster Live!
412 * Sound Blaster PCI 512
413 * Emu APS (partially supported)
414 * Sound Blaster Audigy
416 extin - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
417 extout - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
418 seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
419 max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
420 max_buffer_size - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers
421 given in MB unit. Default value is 128.
422 enable_ir - enable IR
424 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
426 Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
427 * Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
428 * Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
429 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
430 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
431 * Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
432 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
433 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
434 * Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
435 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
436 * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
437 * Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
438 * Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
443 Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
445 Module supports up to 8 cards.
450 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI soundcards.
451 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
452 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
454 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
456 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
461 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI soundcards.
462 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
463 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
464 * SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
466 joystick_port - port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218),
467 0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect
469 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
474 Module for soundcards based on ESS ES968 chip (PnP only).
476 port - port # for ES968 (SB8) chip (PnP setup)
477 irq - IRQ # for ES968 (SB8) chip (PnP setup)
478 dma1 - DMA # for ES968 (SB8) chip (PnP setup)
480 Module supports up to 8 cards, PnP and autoprobe.
485 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 soundcards.
487 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
488 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
489 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
490 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
491 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
493 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
498 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx soundcards.
500 port - port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
501 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
502 fm_port - port # for FM (optional, not used)
503 irq - IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
504 dma1 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
505 dma2 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
506 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
508 Module supports up to 8 cards ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port
509 if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
510 When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex.
512 The power-management is supported.
517 Module for soundcards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
519 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
524 Module for soundcards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
526 total_bufsize - total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
527 pcm_substreams_p - playback channels (1-8, default=2)
528 pcm_substreams_c - capture channels (1-8, default=0)
529 clock - clock (0 = auto-detection)
530 use_pm - support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on,
532 enable_mpu - enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
533 joystick - enable joystick (default off)
535 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
537 The power-management is supported.
542 Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI soundcards.
544 tea575x_tuner - Enable TEA575x tuner
545 - 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS
546 - 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR
547 - 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
548 - High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1
549 - example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
551 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
553 Module snd-gusclassic
554 ---------------------
556 Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic soundcard.
558 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
559 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
560 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
561 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
562 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
563 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
564 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
566 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
568 Module snd-gusextreme
569 ---------------------
571 Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) soundcard.
573 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
574 gf1_port - port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
575 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
576 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
577 gf1_irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
578 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
579 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
580 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
581 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
582 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
583 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
585 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
590 Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX soundcard.
592 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
593 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
594 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
595 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
596 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
597 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
598 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
600 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
605 Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
607 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
609 line_outs_monitor - Send all input and playback streams to line outs
610 by default. (default = 0)
611 force_firmware - Force a reload of the I/O box firmware
614 Module supports up to 8 cards.
616 Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
617 when CONFIG_FW_LOADER is set. Otherwise, you need to load
618 the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
620 The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
622 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
623 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
624 when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
625 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
626 stage of boot sequence.
631 Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI soundcards.
632 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
633 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
634 * MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
635 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
636 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
637 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
638 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
643 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
644 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
645 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
648 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
649 delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
650 delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
651 dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8
652 omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
653 cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transciever)
654 in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
656 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part
657 is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta
663 Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724) based PCI soundcards.
664 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
666 * TerraTec Aureon Sky-5.1, Space-7.1
668 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
669 revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, aureon51, aureon71,
672 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
677 Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
678 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
680 * NVidia NForce, NForce2
681 * AMD AMD768, AMD8111
684 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
685 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
686 The following strings are accepted:
687 default = don't override the default setting
688 disable = disable the quirk
689 hp_only = use headphone control as master
690 swap_hp = swap headphone and master controls
691 swap_surround = swap master and surround controls
692 ad_shring = for AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
693 alc_jack = for ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
694 inv_eapd = inverted EAPD implementation
695 mute_led = bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
696 For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer
697 value -1, 0, ... are accepted, too.
698 buggy_irq - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some
699 motherboards (default off)
701 Module supports autoprobe and multiple bus-master chips (max 8).
703 Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
704 if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
705 explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194".
707 Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your
708 motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
709 modules, respectively.
711 The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround
712 for specific devices. Some hardware have swapped output pins
713 between Master and Headphone, or Surround. The driver provides
714 the auto-detection of known problematic devices, but some might
715 be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass the proper
716 value with this option.
718 The power-management is supported.
723 Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
725 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
727 This module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
732 Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
733 and other soundcards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
735 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
736 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
737 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
738 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
739 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
740 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
741 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
742 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
745 Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
747 Module snd-interwave-stb
748 ------------------------
750 Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (soundcard from STB used by Compaq)
751 and other soundcards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
752 circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
754 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
755 port_tc - tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
756 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
757 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
758 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
759 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
760 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
761 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
762 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
765 Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
770 Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
772 Module supports up to 8 cards.
777 Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
779 external_amp - enable external amp (enabled by default)
780 amp_gpio - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or
781 -1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for
784 Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
786 Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
787 If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
788 specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
789 For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d"
792 The power-management is supported.
797 Module for Digigram miXart8 soundcards.
799 Module supports multiple cards.
800 Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
801 See MIXART.txt for details.
803 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
804 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
805 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
806 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
807 firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
812 Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
814 port - port number or -1 (disable)
815 irq - IRQ number or -1 (disable)
816 acpipnp - ACPI PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
818 Module supports multiple devices (max 8) and ACPI PnP. If PnP is not
819 used (or ACPI not enabled), port and irq must be specified.
824 Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
827 port - I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
828 irq - IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
829 hwports - number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
831 Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
836 Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
838 playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
839 capture_bufsize - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
840 force_ac97 - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
841 buffer_top - specify buffer top address
842 use_cache - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
843 vaio_hack - alias buffer_top=0x25a800
844 reset_workaround - enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
846 Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
848 The power-management is supported.
850 Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
851 automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
852 In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicity via
855 Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
856 Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
857 The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
858 to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
859 case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
862 Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
863 codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
864 with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
865 even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
866 other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
867 but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to speicfy isapnp=0
868 and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
870 Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the
871 known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
872 workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a
873 hard freeze, you can try reset_workaround=1 option.
875 Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
876 OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
877 The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
878 X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
879 the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
880 you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
886 Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 soundcards.
888 port - control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
889 sb_port - SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
890 wss_port - WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
891 midi_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
892 fm_port - FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
893 irq - IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
894 dma1 - first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
895 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
896 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
898 Module supports up to 8 cards and ISA PnP. This module does not support
899 autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
901 The power-management is supported.
903 Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
904 -------------------------
906 Module for soundcards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
907 Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
909 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
910 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
911 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
912 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
913 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
914 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
916 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
918 Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
919 -------------------------
921 Module for soundcards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
923 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
924 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
925 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
926 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
927 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
928 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
929 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
931 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
936 Module for soundcards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
938 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
939 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
940 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
941 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
942 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
943 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
944 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
946 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
948 Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
949 ---------------------------------
951 Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
953 enable_beep - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
955 Module supports autoprobe a chip.
957 Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianess.
959 The power-management is supported.
964 Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
965 Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) soundcards.
967 Module supports up to 8 cards.
972 Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST soundcards.
974 Module supports up to 8 cards.
979 Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) soundcards.
981 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
984 Module supports up to 8 cards.
986 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
987 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
988 when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
989 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
990 stage of boot sequence.
992 Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
993 ---------------------------------------
995 Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 soundcard.
997 Module supports only one card.
998 Module has no enable and index options.
1003 Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0,
1007 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1008 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
1009 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1011 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
1013 Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
1014 -----------------------------
1016 Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
1017 SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP),
1018 SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
1020 port - port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1021 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1022 awe_port - base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660)
1023 (snd-sbawe module only)
1024 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
1025 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
1026 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
1027 mic_agc - Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1028 csp - ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1029 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1031 Module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1033 Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
1034 disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
1035 Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
1036 half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
1042 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcard.
1044 sbport - Port # for SB16 interface (0x220,0x240)
1045 wssport - Port # for WSS interface (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1046 irq - IRQ # (7,9,10,11)
1049 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1054 Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape PnP cards.
1056 port - Port # (PnP setup)
1057 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
1058 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
1059 dma - DMA # (PnP setup)
1061 Module supports up to 8 cards. ISA PnP must be enabled.
1062 You need sscape_ctl tool in alsa-tools package for loading
1065 Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
1066 --------------------------------------
1068 Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1070 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1072 Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
1073 -------------------------------------
1075 Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1077 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1079 Module snd-wavefront
1080 --------------------
1082 Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ soundcards.
1084 cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1085 cs4232_pcm_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
1086 cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
1087 cs4232_mpu_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
1088 use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
1089 (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
1090 ics2115_port - Port # for ICS2115
1091 ics2115_irq - IRQ # for ICS2115
1092 fm_port - FM OPL-3 Port #
1093 dma1 - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1094 dma2 - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1095 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1097 Module supports up to 8 cards and ISA PnP.
1099 Module snd-sonicvibes
1100 ---------------------
1102 Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI soundcards.
1103 * PINE Schubert 32 PCI
1105 reverb - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1106 - SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
1107 mge - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1109 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
1111 Module snd-serial-u16550
1112 ------------------------
1114 Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
1116 port - port # for UART16550A chip
1117 irq - IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
1118 speed - speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
1120 base - base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
1122 outs - number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
1124 adaptor - Type of adaptor.
1125 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
1126 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
1128 Module supports up to 8 cards. This module does not support autoprobe
1129 thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
1134 Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX soundcards.
1135 * Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
1137 * Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
1140 * CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
1141 * Shark Predator4D-PCI
1142 * Jaton SonicWave 4D
1144 pcm_channels - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
1145 wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
1147 Module supports up to 8 cards and autoprobe.
1149 The power-management is supported.
1151 Module snd-usb-audio
1152 --------------------
1154 Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
1156 vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
1157 pid - Product ID for the device (optional)
1159 This module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1161 Module snd-usb-usx2y
1162 --------------------
1164 Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
1166 This module supports up to 8 cards, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1168 Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included
1169 in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
1174 Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233,
1175 8233A, 8233C, 8235 (south) bridge.
1177 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
1179 joystick - Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
1180 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1181 dxs_support - support DXS channels,
1182 0 = auto (defalut), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
1183 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA
1184 [VIA8233/C,8235 only]
1185 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1186 See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
1188 Module supports autoprobe and multiple bus-master chips (max 8).
1190 Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
1191 not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
1192 set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
1193 default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
1194 assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
1196 Note: VIA8233/5 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
1197 channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
1198 streams can be played at the same time.
1199 As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen
1200 except for the known devices since the output is often
1201 noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
1203 Please try once dxs_support=1 and if it works on other
1204 sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
1205 know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
1207 If it doesn't work, try dxs_support=4. If it still doesn't
1208 work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the
1209 right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
1210 try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels.
1211 In any cases, please let us know the result and the
1212 subsystem vendor/device ids.
1214 Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
1215 additonally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
1217 Module snd-via82xx-modem
1218 ------------------------
1220 Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
1222 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1224 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1229 Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
1230 This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
1231 to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
1233 midi_devs - MIDI devices # (1-8, default=4)
1235 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1240 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
1242 mic - Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
1243 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1245 Module supports up to 8 cards.
1247 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1248 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1249 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1250 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1251 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke
1252 vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.conf
1254 install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader
1256 (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to
1257 /etc/modules.conf, instead.)
1258 IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
1259 gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
1260 The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
1261 size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
1262 /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
1267 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 PCMCIA card.
1269 irq_mask - IRQ bitmask, specifies the available IRQs as bits
1270 (default = 0xffff, all available)
1271 irq_list - List of available interrupts (default = -1, not specified)
1272 4 numbers must be given (if specified).
1273 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1275 Module supports up to 8 cards. The module is compiled only when
1276 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
1278 To activate the driver via the card manager, you'll need to set
1279 up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c.
1281 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1282 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1283 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1284 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1285 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1287 The irq_mask and irq_list are provided to avoid allocation of
1288 specific IRQs. Usually you don't need to specify them.
1290 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
1292 Note: the driver is build only when CONFIG_ISA is set.
1297 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket 440 PCMCIA card.
1299 irq_mask - IRQ bitmask, specifies the available IRQs as bits
1300 irq_list - List of available interrupts (default = -1, not specified)
1301 4 numbers must be given (if specified).
1302 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1304 Module supports up to 8 cards. The module is compiled only when
1305 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
1307 To activate the driver via the card manager, you'll need to set
1308 up /etc/pcmcia/vxp440.conf. See the sound/pcmcia/vx/vxp440.c.
1310 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1311 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1312 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1313 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1314 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1316 The irq_mask and irq_list are provided to avoid allocation of
1317 specific IRQs. Usually you don't need to specify them.
1319 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
1321 Note: the driver is build only when CONFIG_ISA is set.
1326 Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
1328 mpu_port - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
1329 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
1330 fm_port - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
1331 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
1332 joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
1334 rear_switch - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
1336 Module supports autoprobe and multiple chips (max 8).
1338 The power-management is supported.
1340 Module snd-pdaudiocf
1341 --------------------
1343 Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF soundcard.
1345 irq_mask - IRQ mask (PCMCIA type)
1346 irq_list - List of available interrupts for this soundcard
1348 Note: the driver is build only when CONFIG_ISA is set.
1351 Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
1352 ============================
1354 When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
1355 supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp".
1356 If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
1357 For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option
1358 together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
1360 When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
1361 will be not built in.
1364 Module Autoloading Support
1365 ==========================
1367 The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
1368 module aliases. The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native
1369 devices where %i is soundcard number from zero to seven.
1371 To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
1372 'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which
1373 corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
1374 as the the same card module.
1376 An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
1377 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
1378 alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
1379 alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
1380 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
1382 The available number of auto-loaded soundcards depends on the module
1383 option "cards_limit" of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
1384 To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
1385 soundcards in that option.
1387 When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
1388 number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
1389 cards is kept consistent.
1391 An example configuration for two soundcards is like below:
1393 ----- /etc/modprobe.conf
1395 options snd cards_limit=2
1396 alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
1397 alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
1398 options snd-interwave index=0
1399 options snd-ens1371 index=1
1401 alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
1402 alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
1403 ----- /etc/moprobe.conf
1405 In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
1406 (index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
1409 ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
1410 =======================================
1412 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
1413 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
1414 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
1415 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
1416 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
1417 /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
1418 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
1419 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
1420 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
1422 The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p] expression means
1423 soundcard number and second means device number. The ALSA devices
1424 have either 'c' or 'p' suffix indicating the direction, capture and
1425 playback, respectively.
1427 Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
1428 options of snd-pcm-oss module.
1434 The ALSA driver fully supports the devfs extension.
1435 You should add lines below to your devfsd.conf file:
1437 LOOKUP snd MODLOAD ACTION snd
1438 REGISTER ^sound/.* PERMISSIONS root.audio 660
1439 REGISTER ^snd/.* PERMISSIONS root.audio 660
1441 Warning: These lines assume that you have the audio group in your system.
1442 Otherwise replace audio word with another group name (root for
1446 Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
1447 ==============================
1449 /proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
1450 -------------------------------
1451 String "erase" - erase all additional informations about OSS applications
1452 String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]"
1454 <app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path
1455 <fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto
1456 <fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
1457 <options> - optional parameters
1458 - disable the application tries to open a pcm device for
1459 this channel but does not want to use it.
1460 (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
1461 It's good for Quake etc...
1462 - direct don't use plugins
1463 - block force block mode (rvplayer)
1464 - non-block force non-block mode
1465 - whole-frag write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
1467 - no-silence do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
1469 Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
1470 echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
1471 echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
1477 ALSA project homepage
1478 http://www.alsa-project.org