ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.6.tar.bz2

[linux-2.6.git] / mm / slab.c

/*
 * linux/mm/slab.c
 * Written by Mark Hemment, 1996/97.
 * (markhe@nextd.demon.co.uk)
 *
 * kmem_cache_destroy() + some cleanup - 1999 Andrea Arcangeli
 *
 * Major cleanup, different bufctl logic, per-cpu arrays
 *      (c) 2000 Manfred Spraul
 *
 * Cleanup, make the head arrays unconditional, preparation for NUMA
 *      (c) 2002 Manfred Spraul
 *
 * An implementation of the Slab Allocator as described in outline in;
 *      UNIX Internals: The New Frontiers by Uresh Vahalia
 *      Pub: Prentice Hall      ISBN 0-13-101908-2
 * or with a little more detail in;
 *      The Slab Allocator: An Object-Caching Kernel Memory Allocator
 *      Jeff Bonwick (Sun Microsystems).
 *      Presented at: USENIX Summer 1994 Technical Conference
 *
 * The memory is organized in caches, one cache for each object type.
 * (e.g. inode_cache, dentry_cache, buffer_head, vm_area_struct)
 * Each cache consists out of many slabs (they are small (usually one
 * page long) and always contiguous), and each slab contains multiple
 * initialized objects.
 *
 * This means, that your constructor is used only for newly allocated
 * slabs and you must pass objects with the same intializations to
 * kmem_cache_free.
 *
 * Each cache can only support one memory type (GFP_DMA, GFP_HIGHMEM,
 * normal). If you need a special memory type, then must create a new
 * cache for that memory type.
 *
 * In order to reduce fragmentation, the slabs are sorted in 3 groups:
 *   full slabs with 0 free objects
 *   partial slabs
 *   empty slabs with no allocated objects
 *
 * If partial slabs exist, then new allocations come from these slabs,
 * otherwise from empty slabs or new slabs are allocated.
 *
 * kmem_cache_destroy() CAN CRASH if you try to allocate from the cache
 * during kmem_cache_destroy(). The caller must prevent concurrent allocs.
 *
 * Each cache has a short per-cpu head array, most allocs
 * and frees go into that array, and if that array overflows, then 1/2
 * of the entries in the array are given back into the global cache.
 * The head array is strictly LIFO and should improve the cache hit rates.
 * On SMP, it additionally reduces the spinlock operations.
 *
 * The c_cpuarray may not be read with enabled local interrupts - 
 * it's changed with a smp_call_function().
 *
 * SMP synchronization:
 *  constructors and destructors are called without any locking.
 *  Several members in kmem_cache_t and struct slab never change, they
 *      are accessed without any locking.
 *  The per-cpu arrays are never accessed from the wrong cpu, no locking,
 *      and local interrupts are disabled so slab code is preempt-safe.
 *  The non-constant members are protected with a per-cache irq spinlock.
 *
 * Many thanks to Mark Hemment, who wrote another per-cpu slab patch
 * in 2000 - many ideas in the current implementation are derived from
 * his patch.
 *
 * Further notes from the original documentation:
 *
 * 11 April '97.  Started multi-threading - markhe
 *      The global cache-chain is protected by the semaphore 'cache_chain_sem'.
 *      The sem is only needed when accessing/extending the cache-chain, which
 *      can never happen inside an interrupt (kmem_cache_create(),
 *      kmem_cache_shrink() and kmem_cache_reap()).
 *
 *      At present, each engine can be growing a cache.  This should be blocked.
 *
 */

#include        <linux/config.h>
#include        <linux/slab.h>
#include        <linux/mm.h>
#include        <linux/swap.h>
#include        <linux/cache.h>
#include        <linux/interrupt.h>
#include        <linux/init.h>
#include        <linux/compiler.h>
#include        <linux/seq_file.h>
#include        <linux/notifier.h>
#include        <linux/kallsyms.h>
#include        <linux/cpu.h>
#include        <linux/sysctl.h>
#include        <linux/module.h>

#include        <asm/uaccess.h>
#include        <asm/cacheflush.h>
#include        <asm/tlbflush.h>

/*
 * DEBUG        - 1 for kmem_cache_create() to honour; SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL,
 *                SLAB_RED_ZONE & SLAB_POISON.
 *                0 for faster, smaller code (especially in the critical paths).
 *
 * STATS        - 1 to collect stats for /proc/slabinfo.
 *                0 for faster, smaller code (especially in the critical paths).
 *
 * FORCED_DEBUG - 1 enables SLAB_RED_ZONE and SLAB_POISON (if possible)
 */

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB
#define DEBUG           1
#define STATS           1
#define FORCED_DEBUG    1
#else
#define DEBUG           0
#define STATS           0
#define FORCED_DEBUG    0
#endif


/* Shouldn't this be in a header file somewhere? */
#define BYTES_PER_WORD          sizeof(void *)

#ifndef cache_line_size
#define cache_line_size()       L1_CACHE_BYTES
#endif

#ifndef ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN
#define ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN 0
#endif

/* Legal flag mask for kmem_cache_create(). */
#if DEBUG
# define CREATE_MASK    (SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL | SLAB_RED_ZONE | \
                         SLAB_POISON | SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN | \
                         SLAB_NO_REAP | SLAB_CACHE_DMA | \
                         SLAB_MUST_HWCACHE_ALIGN | SLAB_STORE_USER | \
                         SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT )
#else
# define CREATE_MASK    (SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN | SLAB_NO_REAP | \
                         SLAB_CACHE_DMA | SLAB_MUST_HWCACHE_ALIGN | \
                         SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT)
#endif

/*
 * kmem_bufctl_t:
 *
 * Bufctl's are used for linking objs within a slab
 * linked offsets.
 *
 * This implementation relies on "struct page" for locating the cache &
 * slab an object belongs to.
 * This allows the bufctl structure to be small (one int), but limits
 * the number of objects a slab (not a cache) can contain when off-slab
 * bufctls are used. The limit is the size of the largest general cache
 * that does not use off-slab slabs.
 * For 32bit archs with 4 kB pages, is this 56.
 * This is not serious, as it is only for large objects, when it is unwise
 * to have too many per slab.
 * Note: This limit can be raised by introducing a general cache whose size
 * is less than 512 (PAGE_SIZE<<3), but greater than 256.
 */

#define BUFCTL_END      0xffffFFFF
#define BUFCTL_FREE     0xffffFFFE
#define SLAB_LIMIT      0xffffFFFD
typedef unsigned int kmem_bufctl_t;

/* Max number of objs-per-slab for caches which use off-slab slabs.
 * Needed to avoid a possible looping condition in cache_grow().
 */
static unsigned long offslab_limit;

/*
 * struct slab
 *
 * Manages the objs in a slab. Placed either at the beginning of mem allocated
 * for a slab, or allocated from an general cache.
 * Slabs are chained into three list: fully used, partial, fully free slabs.
 */
struct slab {
        struct list_head        list;
        unsigned long           colouroff;
        void                    *s_mem;         /* including colour offset */
        unsigned int            inuse;          /* num of objs active in slab */
        kmem_bufctl_t           free;
};

/*
 * struct array_cache
 *
 * Per cpu structures
 * Purpose:
 * - LIFO ordering, to hand out cache-warm objects from _alloc
 * - reduce the number of linked list operations
 * - reduce spinlock operations
 *
 * The limit is stored in the per-cpu structure to reduce the data cache
 * footprint.
 *
 */
struct array_cache {
        unsigned int avail;
        unsigned int limit;
        unsigned int batchcount;
        unsigned int touched;
};

/* bootstrap: The caches do not work without cpuarrays anymore,
 * but the cpuarrays are allocated from the generic caches...
 */
#define BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES   1
struct arraycache_init {
        struct array_cache cache;
        void * entries[BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES];
};

/*
 * The slab lists of all objects.
 * Hopefully reduce the internal fragmentation
 * NUMA: The spinlock could be moved from the kmem_cache_t
 * into this structure, too. Figure out what causes
 * fewer cross-node spinlock operations.
 */
struct kmem_list3 {
        struct list_head        slabs_partial;  /* partial list first, better asm code */
        struct list_head        slabs_full;
        struct list_head        slabs_free;
        unsigned long   free_objects;
        int             free_touched;
        unsigned long   next_reap;
        struct array_cache      *shared;
};

#define LIST3_INIT(parent) \
        { \
                .slabs_full     = LIST_HEAD_INIT(parent.slabs_full), \
                .slabs_partial  = LIST_HEAD_INIT(parent.slabs_partial), \
                .slabs_free     = LIST_HEAD_INIT(parent.slabs_free) \
        }
#define list3_data(cachep) \
        (&(cachep)->lists)

/* NUMA: per-node */
#define list3_data_ptr(cachep, ptr) \
                list3_data(cachep)

/*
 * kmem_cache_t
 *
 * manages a cache.
 */
        
struct kmem_cache_s {
/* 1) per-cpu data, touched during every alloc/free */
        struct array_cache      *array[NR_CPUS];
        unsigned int            batchcount;
        unsigned int            limit;
/* 2) touched by every alloc & free from the backend */
        struct kmem_list3       lists;
        /* NUMA: kmem_3list_t   *nodelists[MAX_NUMNODES] */
        unsigned int            objsize;
        unsigned int            flags;  /* constant flags */
        unsigned int            num;    /* # of objs per slab */
        unsigned int            free_limit; /* upper limit of objects in the lists */
        spinlock_t              spinlock;

/* 3) cache_grow/shrink */
        /* order of pgs per slab (2^n) */
        unsigned int            gfporder;

        /* force GFP flags, e.g. GFP_DMA */
        unsigned int            gfpflags;

        size_t                  colour;         /* cache colouring range */
        unsigned int            colour_off;     /* colour offset */
        unsigned int            colour_next;    /* cache colouring */
        kmem_cache_t            *slabp_cache;
        unsigned int            slab_size;
        unsigned int            dflags;         /* dynamic flags */

        /* constructor func */
        void (*ctor)(void *, kmem_cache_t *, unsigned long);

        /* de-constructor func */
        void (*dtor)(void *, kmem_cache_t *, unsigned long);

/* 4) cache creation/removal */
        const char              *name;
        struct list_head        next;

/* 5) statistics */
#if STATS
        unsigned long           num_active;
        unsigned long           num_allocations;
        unsigned long           high_mark;
        unsigned long           grown;
        unsigned long           reaped;
        unsigned long           errors;
        unsigned long           max_freeable;
        atomic_t                allochit;
        atomic_t                allocmiss;
        atomic_t                freehit;
        atomic_t                freemiss;
#endif
#if DEBUG
        int                     dbghead;
        int                     reallen;
#endif
};

#define CFLGS_OFF_SLAB          (0x80000000UL)
#define OFF_SLAB(x)     ((x)->flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB)

#define BATCHREFILL_LIMIT       16
/* Optimization question: fewer reaps means less 
 * probability for unnessary cpucache drain/refill cycles.
 *
 * OTHO the cpuarrays can contain lots of objects,
 * which could lock up otherwise freeable slabs.
 */
#define REAPTIMEOUT_CPUC        (2*HZ)
#define REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3       (4*HZ)

#if STATS
#define STATS_INC_ACTIVE(x)     ((x)->num_active++)
#define STATS_DEC_ACTIVE(x)     ((x)->num_active--)
#define STATS_INC_ALLOCED(x)    ((x)->num_allocations++)
#define STATS_INC_GROWN(x)      ((x)->grown++)
#define STATS_INC_REAPED(x)     ((x)->reaped++)
#define STATS_SET_HIGH(x)       do { if ((x)->num_active > (x)->high_mark) \
                                        (x)->high_mark = (x)->num_active; \
                                } while (0)
#define STATS_INC_ERR(x)        ((x)->errors++)
#define STATS_SET_FREEABLE(x, i) \
                                do { if ((x)->max_freeable < i) \
                                        (x)->max_freeable = i; \
                                } while (0)

#define STATS_INC_ALLOCHIT(x)   atomic_inc(&(x)->allochit)
#define STATS_INC_ALLOCMISS(x)  atomic_inc(&(x)->allocmiss)
#define STATS_INC_FREEHIT(x)    atomic_inc(&(x)->freehit)
#define STATS_INC_FREEMISS(x)   atomic_inc(&(x)->freemiss)
#else
#define STATS_INC_ACTIVE(x)     do { } while (0)
#define STATS_DEC_ACTIVE(x)     do { } while (0)
#define STATS_INC_ALLOCED(x)    do { } while (0)
#define STATS_INC_GROWN(x)      do { } while (0)
#define STATS_INC_REAPED(x)     do { } while (0)
#define STATS_SET_HIGH(x)       do { } while (0)
#define STATS_INC_ERR(x)        do { } while (0)
#define STATS_SET_FREEABLE(x, i) \
                                do { } while (0)

#define STATS_INC_ALLOCHIT(x)   do { } while (0)
#define STATS_INC_ALLOCMISS(x)  do { } while (0)
#define STATS_INC_FREEHIT(x)    do { } while (0)
#define STATS_INC_FREEMISS(x)   do { } while (0)
#endif

#if DEBUG
/* Magic nums for obj red zoning.
 * Placed in the first word before and the first word after an obj.
 */
#define RED_INACTIVE    0x5A2CF071UL    /* when obj is inactive */
#define RED_ACTIVE      0x170FC2A5UL    /* when obj is active */

/* ...and for poisoning */
#define POISON_INUSE    0x5a    /* for use-uninitialised poisoning */
#define POISON_FREE     0x6b    /* for use-after-free poisoning */
#define POISON_END      0xa5    /* end-byte of poisoning */

/* memory layout of objects:
 * 0            : objp
 * 0 .. cachep->dbghead - BYTES_PER_WORD - 1: padding. This ensures that
 *              the end of an object is aligned with the end of the real
 *              allocation. Catches writes behind the end of the allocation.
 * cachep->dbghead - BYTES_PER_WORD .. cachep->dbghead - 1:
 *              redzone word.
 * cachep->dbghead: The real object.
 * cachep->objsize - 2* BYTES_PER_WORD: redzone word [BYTES_PER_WORD long]
 * cachep->objsize - 1* BYTES_PER_WORD: last caller address [BYTES_PER_WORD long]
 */
static inline int obj_dbghead(kmem_cache_t *cachep)
{
        return cachep->dbghead;
}

static inline int obj_reallen(kmem_cache_t *cachep)
{
        return cachep->reallen;
}

static unsigned long *dbg_redzone1(kmem_cache_t *cachep, void *objp)
{
        BUG_ON(!(cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE));
        return (unsigned long*) (objp+obj_dbghead(cachep)-BYTES_PER_WORD);
}

static unsigned long *dbg_redzone2(kmem_cache_t *cachep, void *objp)
{
        BUG_ON(!(cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE));
        if (cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
                return (unsigned long*) (objp+cachep->objsize-2*BYTES_PER_WORD);
        return (unsigned long*) (objp+cachep->objsize-BYTES_PER_WORD);
}

static void **dbg_userword(kmem_cache_t *cachep, void *objp)
{
        BUG_ON(!(cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER));
        return (void**)(objp+cachep->objsize-BYTES_PER_WORD);
}
#else
static inline int obj_dbghead(kmem_cache_t *cachep)
{
        return 0;
}
static inline int obj_reallen(kmem_cache_t *cachep)
{
        return cachep->objsize;
}
static inline unsigned long *dbg_redzone1(kmem_cache_t *cachep, void *objp)
{
        BUG();
        return 0;
}
static inline unsigned long *dbg_redzone2(kmem_cache_t *cachep, void *objp)
{
        BUG();
        return 0;
}
static inline void **dbg_userword(kmem_cache_t *cachep, void *objp)
{
        BUG();
        return 0;
}
#endif

/*
 * Maximum size of an obj (in 2^order pages)
 * and absolute limit for the gfp order.
 */
#if defined(CONFIG_LARGE_ALLOCS)
#define MAX_OBJ_ORDER   13      /* up to 32Mb */
#define MAX_GFP_ORDER   13      /* up to 32Mb */
#elif defined(CONFIG_MMU)
#define MAX_OBJ_ORDER   5       /* 32 pages */
#define MAX_GFP_ORDER   5       /* 32 pages */
#else
#define MAX_OBJ_ORDER   8       /* up to 1Mb */
#define MAX_GFP_ORDER   8       /* up to 1Mb */
#endif

/*
 * Do not go above this order unless 0 objects fit into the slab.
 */
#define BREAK_GFP_ORDER_HI      1
#define BREAK_GFP_ORDER_LO      0
static int slab_break_gfp_order = BREAK_GFP_ORDER_LO;

/* Macros for storing/retrieving the cachep and or slab from the
 * global 'mem_map'. These are used to find the slab an obj belongs to.
 * With kfree(), these are used to find the cache which an obj belongs to.
 */
#define SET_PAGE_CACHE(pg,x)  ((pg)->lru.next = (struct list_head *)(x))
#define GET_PAGE_CACHE(pg)    ((kmem_cache_t *)(pg)->lru.next)
#define SET_PAGE_SLAB(pg,x)   ((pg)->lru.prev = (struct list_head *)(x))
#define GET_PAGE_SLAB(pg)     ((struct slab *)(pg)->lru.prev)

/* These are the default caches for kmalloc. Custom caches can have other sizes. */
struct cache_sizes malloc_sizes[] = {
#define CACHE(x) { .cs_size = (x) },
#include <linux/kmalloc_sizes.h>
        { 0, }
#undef CACHE
};

EXPORT_SYMBOL(malloc_sizes);

/* Must match cache_sizes above. Out of line to keep cache footprint low. */
static struct cache_names {
        char *name;
        char *name_dma;
} cache_names[] = {
#define CACHE(x) { .name = "size-" #x, .name_dma = "size-" #x "(DMA)" },
#include <linux/kmalloc_sizes.h>
        { 0, }
#undef CACHE
};

struct arraycache_init initarray_cache __initdata = { { 0, BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES, 1, 0} };
struct arraycache_init initarray_generic __initdata = { { 0, BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES, 1, 0} };

/* internal cache of cache description objs */
static kmem_cache_t cache_cache = {
        .lists          = LIST3_INIT(cache_cache.lists),
        .batchcount     = 1,
        .limit          = BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES,
        .objsize        = sizeof(kmem_cache_t),
        .flags          = SLAB_NO_REAP,
        .spinlock       = SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED,
        .name           = "kmem_cache",
#if DEBUG
        .reallen        = sizeof(kmem_cache_t),
#endif
};

/* Guard access to the cache-chain. */
static struct semaphore cache_chain_sem;

struct list_head cache_chain;

/*
 * vm_enough_memory() looks at this to determine how many
 * slab-allocated pages are possibly freeable under pressure
 *
 * SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT turns this on per-slab
 */
atomic_t slab_reclaim_pages;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(slab_reclaim_pages);

/*
 * chicken and egg problem: delay the per-cpu array allocation
 * until the general caches are up.
 */
enum {
        NONE,
        PARTIAL,
        FULL
} g_cpucache_up;

static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct timer_list, reap_timers);

static void reap_timer_fnc(unsigned long data);
static void free_block(kmem_cache_t* cachep, void** objpp, int len);
static void enable_cpucache (kmem_cache_t *cachep);

static inline void ** ac_entry(struct array_cache *ac)
{
        return (void**)(ac+1);
}

static inline struct array_cache *ac_data(kmem_cache_t *cachep)
{
        return cachep->array[smp_processor_id()];
}

/* Cal the num objs, wastage, and bytes left over for a given slab size. */
static void cache_estimate (unsigned long gfporder, size_t size, size_t align,
                 int flags, size_t *left_over, unsigned int *num)
{
        int i;
        size_t wastage = PAGE_SIZE<<gfporder;
        size_t extra = 0;
        size_t base = 0;

        if (!(flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB)) {
                base = sizeof(struct slab);
                extra = sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t);
        }
        i = 0;
        while (i*size + ALIGN(base+i*extra, align) <= wastage)
                i++;
        if (i > 0)
                i--;

        if (i > SLAB_LIMIT)
                i = SLAB_LIMIT;

        *num = i;
        wastage -= i*size;
        wastage -= ALIGN(base+i*extra, align);
        *left_over = wastage;
}

#define slab_error(cachep, msg) __slab_error(__FUNCTION__, cachep, msg)

static void __slab_error(const char *function, kmem_cache_t *cachep, char *msg)
{
        printk(KERN_ERR "slab error in %s(): cache `%s': %s\n",
                function, cachep->name, msg);
        dump_stack();
}

/*
 * Start the reap timer running on the target CPU.  We run at around 1 to 2Hz.
 * Add the CPU number into the expiry time to minimize the possibility of the
 * CPUs getting into lockstep and contending for the global cache chain lock.
 */
static void __devinit start_cpu_timer(int cpu)
{
        struct timer_list *rt = &per_cpu(reap_timers, cpu);

        if (rt->function == NULL) {
                init_timer(rt);
                rt->expires = jiffies + HZ + 3*cpu;
                rt->data = cpu;
                rt->function = reap_timer_fnc;
                add_timer_on(rt, cpu);
        }
}

#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
static void stop_cpu_timer(int cpu)
{
        struct timer_list *rt = &per_cpu(reap_timers, cpu);

        if (rt->function) {
                del_timer_sync(rt);
                WARN_ON(timer_pending(rt));
                rt->function = NULL;
        }
}
#endif

static int __devinit cpuup_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb,
                                  unsigned long action,
                                  void *hcpu)
{
        long cpu = (long)hcpu;
        kmem_cache_t* cachep;

        switch (action) {
        case CPU_UP_PREPARE:
                down(&cache_chain_sem);
                list_for_each_entry(cachep, &cache_chain, next) {
                        int memsize;
                        struct array_cache *nc;

                        memsize = sizeof(void*)*cachep->limit+sizeof(struct array_cache);
                        nc = kmalloc(memsize, GFP_KERNEL);
                        if (!nc)
                                goto bad;
                        nc->avail = 0;
                        nc->limit = cachep->limit;
                        nc->batchcount = cachep->batchcount;
                        nc->touched = 0;

                        spin_lock_irq(&cachep->spinlock);
                        cachep->array[cpu] = nc;
                        cachep->free_limit = (1+num_online_cpus())*cachep->batchcount
                                                + cachep->num;
                        spin_unlock_irq(&cachep->spinlock);

                }
                up(&cache_chain_sem);
                break;
        case CPU_ONLINE:
                start_cpu_timer(cpu);
                break;
#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
        case CPU_DEAD:
                stop_cpu_timer(cpu);
                /* fall thru */
        case CPU_UP_CANCELED:
                down(&cache_chain_sem);

                list_for_each_entry(cachep, &cache_chain, next) {
                        struct array_cache *nc;

                        spin_lock_irq(&cachep->spinlock);
                        /* cpu is dead; no one can alloc from it. */
                        nc = cachep->array[cpu];
                        cachep->array[cpu] = NULL;
                        cachep->free_limit -= cachep->batchcount;
                        free_block(cachep, ac_entry(nc), nc->avail);
                        spin_unlock_irq(&cachep->spinlock);
                        kfree(nc);
                }
                up(&cache_chain_sem);
                break;
#endif
        }
        return NOTIFY_OK;
bad:
        up(&cache_chain_sem);
        return NOTIFY_BAD;
}

static struct notifier_block cpucache_notifier = { &cpuup_callback, NULL, 0 };

/* Initialisation.
 * Called after the gfp() functions have been enabled, and before smp_init().
 */
void __init kmem_cache_init(void)
{
        size_t left_over;
        struct cache_sizes *sizes;
        struct cache_names *names;

        /*
         * Fragmentation resistance on low memory - only use bigger
         * page orders on machines with more than 32MB of memory.
         */
        if (num_physpages > (32 << 20) >> PAGE_SHIFT)
                slab_break_gfp_order = BREAK_GFP_ORDER_HI;

        
        /* Bootstrap is tricky, because several objects are allocated
         * from caches that do not exist yet:
         * 1) initialize the cache_cache cache: it contains the kmem_cache_t
         *    structures of all caches, except cache_cache itself: cache_cache
         *    is statically allocated.
         *    Initially an __init data area is used for the head array, it's
         *    replaced with a kmalloc allocated array at the end of the bootstrap.
         * 2) Create the first kmalloc cache.
         *    The kmem_cache_t for the new cache is allocated normally. An __init
         *    data area is used for the head array.
         * 3) Create the remaining kmalloc caches, with minimally sized head arrays.
         * 4) Replace the __init data head arrays for cache_cache and the first
         *    kmalloc cache with kmalloc allocated arrays.
         * 5) Resize the head arrays of the kmalloc caches to their final sizes.
         */

        /* 1) create the cache_cache */
        init_MUTEX(&cache_chain_sem);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cache_chain);
        list_add(&cache_cache.next, &cache_chain);
        cache_cache.colour_off = cache_line_size();
        cache_cache.array[smp_processor_id()] = &initarray_cache.cache;

        cache_cache.objsize = ALIGN(cache_cache.objsize, cache_line_size());

        cache_estimate(0, cache_cache.objsize, cache_line_size(), 0,
                                &left_over, &cache_cache.num);
        if (!cache_cache.num)
                BUG();

        cache_cache.colour = left_over/cache_cache.colour_off;
        cache_cache.colour_next = 0;
        cache_cache.slab_size = ALIGN(cache_cache.num*sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t) +
                                sizeof(struct slab), cache_line_size());

        /* 2+3) create the kmalloc caches */
        sizes = malloc_sizes;
        names = cache_names;

        while (sizes->cs_size) {
                /* For performance, all the general caches are L1 aligned.
                 * This should be particularly beneficial on SMP boxes, as it
                 * eliminates "false sharing".
                 * Note for systems short on memory removing the alignment will
                 * allow tighter packing of the smaller caches. */
                sizes->cs_cachep = kmem_cache_create(
                        names->name, sizes->cs_size,
                        ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN, 0, NULL, NULL);
                if (!sizes->cs_cachep)
                        BUG();

                /* Inc off-slab bufctl limit until the ceiling is hit. */
                if (!(OFF_SLAB(sizes->cs_cachep))) {
                        offslab_limit = sizes->cs_size-sizeof(struct slab);
                        offslab_limit /= sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t);
                }

                sizes->cs_dmacachep = kmem_cache_create(
                        names->name_dma, sizes->cs_size,
                        ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN, SLAB_CACHE_DMA, NULL, NULL);
                if (!sizes->cs_dmacachep)
                        BUG();

                sizes++;
                names++;
        }
        /* 4) Replace the bootstrap head arrays */
        {
                void * ptr;
                
                ptr = kmalloc(sizeof(struct arraycache_init), GFP_KERNEL);
                local_irq_disable();
                BUG_ON(ac_data(&cache_cache) != &initarray_cache.cache);
                memcpy(ptr, ac_data(&cache_cache), sizeof(struct arraycache_init));
                cache_cache.array[smp_processor_id()] = ptr;
                local_irq_enable();
        
                ptr = kmalloc(sizeof(struct arraycache_init), GFP_KERNEL);
                local_irq_disable();
                BUG_ON(ac_data(malloc_sizes[0].cs_cachep) != &initarray_generic.cache);
                memcpy(ptr, ac_data(malloc_sizes[0].cs_cachep),
                                sizeof(struct arraycache_init));
                malloc_sizes[0].cs_cachep->array[smp_processor_id()] = ptr;
                local_irq_enable();
        }

        /* 5) resize the head arrays to their final sizes */
        {
                kmem_cache_t *cachep;
                down(&cache_chain_sem);
                list_for_each_entry(cachep, &cache_chain, next)
                        enable_cpucache(cachep);
                up(&cache_chain_sem);
        }

        /* Done! */
        g_cpucache_up = FULL;

        /* Register a cpu startup notifier callback
         * that initializes ac_data for all new cpus
         */
        register_cpu_notifier(&cpucache_notifier);
        

        /* The reap timers are started later, with a module init call:
         * That part of the kernel is not yet operational.
         */
}

int __init cpucache_init(void)
{
        int cpu;

        /* 
         * Register the timers that return unneeded
         * pages to gfp.
         */
        for (cpu = 0; cpu < NR_CPUS; cpu++) {
                if (cpu_online(cpu))
                        start_cpu_timer(cpu);
        }

        return 0;
}

__initcall(cpucache_init);

/*
 * Interface to system's page allocator. No need to hold the cache-lock.
 *
 * If we requested dmaable memory, we will get it. Even if we
 * did not request dmaable memory, we might get it, but that
 * would be relatively rare and ignorable.
 */
static inline void *kmem_getpages(kmem_cache_t *cachep, unsigned long flags)
{
        void *addr;

        flags |= cachep->gfpflags;
        addr = (void*)__get_free_pages(flags, cachep->gfporder);
        if (addr) {
                int i = (1 << cachep->gfporder);
                struct page *page = virt_to_page(addr);

                if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT)
                        atomic_add(i, &slab_reclaim_pages);
                add_page_state(nr_slab, i);
                while (i--) {
                        SetPageSlab(page);
                        page++;
                }
        }
        return addr;
}

/*
 * Interface to system's page release.
 */
static inline void kmem_freepages(kmem_cache_t *cachep, void *addr)
{
        unsigned long i = (1<<cachep->gfporder);
        struct page *page = virt_to_page(addr);
        const unsigned long nr_freed = i;

        while (i--) {
                if (!TestClearPageSlab(page))
                        BUG();
                page++;
        }
        sub_page_state(nr_slab, nr_freed);
        if (current->reclaim_state)
                current->reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab += nr_freed;
        free_pages((unsigned long)addr, cachep->gfporder);
        if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT) 
                atomic_sub(1<<cachep->gfporder, &slab_reclaim_pages);
}

#if DEBUG

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
static void store_stackinfo(kmem_cache_t *cachep, unsigned long *addr, unsigned long caller)
{
        int size = obj_reallen(cachep);

        addr = (unsigned long *)&((char*)addr)[obj_dbghead(cachep)];

        if (size < 5*sizeof(unsigned long))
                return;

        *addr++=0x12345678;
        *addr++=caller;
        *addr++=smp_processor_id();
        size -= 3*sizeof(unsigned long);
        {
                unsigned long *sptr = &caller;
                unsigned long svalue;

                while (!kstack_end(sptr)) {
                        svalue = *sptr++;
                        if (kernel_text_address(svalue)) {
                                *addr++=svalue;
                                size -= sizeof(unsigned long);
                                if (size <= sizeof(unsigned long))
                                        break;
                        }
                }

        }
        *addr++=0x87654321;
}
#endif

static void poison_obj(kmem_cache_t *cachep, void *addr, unsigned char val)
{
        int size = obj_reallen(cachep);
        addr = &((char*)addr)[obj_dbghead(cachep)];

        memset(addr, val, size);
        *(unsigned char *)(addr+size-1) = POISON_END;
}

static void dump_line(char *data, int offset, int limit)
{
        int i;
        printk(KERN_ERR "%03x:", offset);
        for (i=0;i<limit;i++) {
                printk(" %02x", (unsigned char)data[offset+i]);
        }
        printk("\n");
}
#endif

static void print_objinfo(kmem_cache_t *cachep, void *objp, int lines)
{
#if DEBUG
        int i, size;
        char *realobj;

        if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
                printk(KERN_ERR "Redzone: 0x%lx/0x%lx.\n",
                        *dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp),
                        *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp));
        }

        if (cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER) {
                printk(KERN_ERR "Last user: [<%p>]", *dbg_userword(cachep, objp));
                print_symbol("(%s)", (unsigned long)*dbg_userword(cachep, objp));
                printk("\n");
        }
        realobj = (char*)objp+obj_dbghead(cachep);
        size = obj_reallen(cachep);
        for (i=0; i<size && lines;i+=16, lines--) {
                int limit;
                limit = 16;
                if (i+limit > size)
                        limit = size-i;
                dump_line(realobj, i, limit);
        }
#endif
}

#if DEBUG

static void check_poison_obj(kmem_cache_t *cachep, void *objp)
{
        char *realobj;
        int size, i;
        int lines = 0;

        realobj = (char*)objp+obj_dbghead(cachep);
        size = obj_reallen(cachep);

        for (i=0;i<size;i++) {
                char exp = POISON_FREE;
                if (i == size-1)
                        exp = POISON_END;
                if (realobj[i] != exp) {
                        int limit;
                        /* Mismatch ! */
                        /* Print header */
                        if (lines == 0) {
                                printk(KERN_ERR "Slab corruption: start=%p, len=%d\n",
                                                realobj, size);
                                print_objinfo(cachep, objp, 0);
                        }
                        /* Hexdump the affected line */
                        i = (i/16)*16;
                        limit = 16;
                        if (i+limit > size)
                                limit = size-i;
                        dump_line(realobj, i, limit);
                        i += 16;
                        lines++;
                        /* Limit to 5 lines */
                        if (lines > 5)
                                break;
                }
        }
        if (lines != 0) {
                /* Print some data about the neighboring objects, if they
                 * exist:
                 */
                struct slab *slabp = GET_PAGE_SLAB(virt_to_page(objp));
                int objnr;

                objnr = (objp-slabp->s_mem)/cachep->objsize;
                if (objnr) {
                        objp = slabp->s_mem+(objnr-1)*cachep->objsize;
                        realobj = (char*)objp+obj_dbghead(cachep);
                        printk(KERN_ERR "Prev obj: start=%p, len=%d\n",
                                                realobj, size);
                        print_objinfo(cachep, objp, 2);
                }
                if (objnr+1 < cachep->num) {
                        objp = slabp->s_mem+(objnr+1)*cachep->objsize;
                        realobj = (char*)objp+obj_dbghead(cachep);
                        printk(KERN_ERR "Next obj: start=%p, len=%d\n",
                                                realobj, size);
                        print_objinfo(cachep, objp, 2);
                }
        }
}
#endif

/* Destroy all the objs in a slab, and release the mem back to the system.
 * Before calling the slab must have been unlinked from the cache.
 * The cache-lock is not held/needed.
 */
static void slab_destroy (kmem_cache_t *cachep, struct slab *slabp)
{
#if DEBUG
        int i;
        for (i = 0; i < cachep->num; i++) {
                void *objp = slabp->s_mem + cachep->objsize * i;

                if (cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON) {
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
                        if ((cachep->objsize%PAGE_SIZE)==0 && OFF_SLAB(cachep))
                                kernel_map_pages(virt_to_page(objp), cachep->objsize/PAGE_SIZE,1);
                        else
                                check_poison_obj(cachep, objp);
#else
                        check_poison_obj(cachep, objp);
#endif
                }
                if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
                        if (*dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE)
                                slab_error(cachep, "start of a freed object "
                                                        "was overwritten");
                        if (*dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE)
                                slab_error(cachep, "end of a freed object "
                                                        "was overwritten");
                }
                if (cachep->dtor && !(cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON))
                        (cachep->dtor)(objp+obj_dbghead(cachep), cachep, 0);
        }
#else
        if (cachep->dtor) {
                int i;
                for (i = 0; i < cachep->num; i++) {
                        void* objp = slabp->s_mem+cachep->objsize*i;
                        (cachep->dtor)(objp, cachep, 0);
                }
        }
#endif
        
        kmem_freepages(cachep, slabp->s_mem-slabp->colouroff);
        if (OFF_SLAB(cachep))
                kmem_cache_free(cachep->slabp_cache, slabp);
}

/**
 * kmem_cache_create - Create a cache.
 * @name: A string which is used in /proc/slabinfo to identify this cache.
 * @size: The size of objects to be created in this cache.
 * @align: The required alignment for the objects.
 * @flags: SLAB flags
 * @ctor: A constructor for the objects.
 * @dtor: A destructor for the objects.
 *
 * Returns a ptr to the cache on success, NULL on failure.
 * Cannot be called within a int, but can be interrupted.
 * The @ctor is run when new pages are allocated by the cache
 * and the @dtor is run before the pages are handed back.
 *
 * @name must be valid until the cache is destroyed. This implies that
 * the module calling this has to destroy the cache before getting 
 * unloaded.
 * 
 * The flags are
 *
 * %SLAB_POISON - Poison the slab with a known test pattern (a5a5a5a5)
 * to catch references to uninitialised memory.
 *
 * %SLAB_RED_ZONE - Insert `Red' zones around the allocated memory to check
 * for buffer overruns.
 *
 * %SLAB_NO_REAP - Don't automatically reap this cache when we're under
 * memory pressure.
 *
 * %SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN - This flag has no effect and will be removed soon.
 *
 */
kmem_cache_t *
kmem_cache_create (const char *name, size_t size, size_t align,
        unsigned long flags, void (*ctor)(void*, kmem_cache_t *, unsigned long),
        void (*dtor)(void*, kmem_cache_t *, unsigned long))
{
        size_t left_over, slab_size;
        kmem_cache_t *cachep = NULL;

        /*
         * Sanity checks... these are all serious usage bugs.
         */
        if ((!name) ||
                in_interrupt() ||
                (size < BYTES_PER_WORD) ||
                (size > (1<<MAX_OBJ_ORDER)*PAGE_SIZE) ||
                (dtor && !ctor) ||
                (align < 0)) {
                        printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Early error in slab %s\n",
                                        __FUNCTION__, name);
                        BUG();
                }

#if DEBUG
        WARN_ON(strchr(name, ' '));     /* It confuses parsers */
        if ((flags & SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL) && !ctor) {
                /* No constructor, but inital state check requested */
                printk(KERN_ERR "%s: No con, but init state check "
                                "requested - %s\n", __FUNCTION__, name);
                flags &= ~SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL;
        }

#if FORCED_DEBUG
        /*
         * Enable redzoning and last user accounting, except for caches with
         * large objects, if the increased size would increase the object size
         * above the next power of two: caches with object sizes just above a
         * power of two have a significant amount of internal fragmentation.
         */
        if ((size < 4096 || fls(size-1) == fls(size-1+3*BYTES_PER_WORD)))
                flags |= SLAB_RED_ZONE|SLAB_STORE_USER;
        flags |= SLAB_POISON;
#endif
#endif
        /*
         * Always checks flags, a caller might be expecting debug
         * support which isn't available.
         */
        if (flags & ~CREATE_MASK)
                BUG();

        if (align) {
                /* combinations of forced alignment and advanced debugging is
                 * not yet implemented.
                 */
                flags &= ~(SLAB_RED_ZONE|SLAB_STORE_USER);
        } else {
                if (flags & SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN) {
                        /* Default alignment: as specified by the arch code.
                         * Except if an object is really small, then squeeze multiple
                         * into one cacheline.
                         */
                        align = cache_line_size();
                        while (size <= align/2)
                                align /= 2;
                } else {
                        align = BYTES_PER_WORD;
                }
        }

        /* Get cache's description obj. */
        cachep = (kmem_cache_t *) kmem_cache_alloc(&cache_cache, SLAB_KERNEL);
        if (!cachep)
                goto opps;
        memset(cachep, 0, sizeof(kmem_cache_t));

        /* Check that size is in terms of words.  This is needed to avoid
         * unaligned accesses for some archs when redzoning is used, and makes
         * sure any on-slab bufctl's are also correctly aligned.
         */
        if (size & (BYTES_PER_WORD-1)) {
                size += (BYTES_PER_WORD-1);
                size &= ~(BYTES_PER_WORD-1);
        }
        
#if DEBUG
        cachep->reallen = size;

        if (flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
                /* redzoning only works with word aligned caches */
                align = BYTES_PER_WORD;

                /* add space for red zone words */
                cachep->dbghead += BYTES_PER_WORD;
                size += 2*BYTES_PER_WORD;
        }
        if (flags & SLAB_STORE_USER) {
                /* user store requires word alignment and
                 * one word storage behind the end of the real
                 * object.
                 */
                align = BYTES_PER_WORD;
                size += BYTES_PER_WORD;
        }
#if FORCED_DEBUG && defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC)
        if (size > 128 && cachep->reallen > cache_line_size() && size < PAGE_SIZE) {
                cachep->dbghead += PAGE_SIZE - size;
                size = PAGE_SIZE;
        }
#endif
#endif

        /* Determine if the slab management is 'on' or 'off' slab. */
        if (size >= (PAGE_SIZE>>3))
                /*
                 * Size is large, assume best to place the slab management obj
                 * off-slab (should allow better packing of objs).
                 */
                flags |= CFLGS_OFF_SLAB;

        size = ALIGN(size, align);

        if ((flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT) && size <= PAGE_SIZE) {
                /*
                 * A VFS-reclaimable slab tends to have most allocations
                 * as GFP_NOFS and we really don't want to have to be allocating
                 * higher-order pages when we are unable to shrink dcache.
                 */
                cachep->gfporder = 0;
                cache_estimate(cachep->gfporder, size, align, flags,
                                        &left_over, &cachep->num);
        } else {
                /*
                 * Calculate size (in pages) of slabs, and the num of objs per
                 * slab.  This could be made much more intelligent.  For now,
                 * try to avoid using high page-orders for slabs.  When the
                 * gfp() funcs are more friendly towards high-order requests,
                 * this should be changed.
                 */
                do {
                        unsigned int break_flag = 0;
cal_wastage:
                        cache_estimate(cachep->gfporder, size, align, flags,
                                                &left_over, &cachep->num);
                        if (break_flag)
                                break;
                        if (cachep->gfporder >= MAX_GFP_ORDER)
                                break;
                        if (!cachep->num)
                                goto next;
                        if (flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB &&
                                        cachep->num > offslab_limit) {
                                /* This num of objs will cause problems. */
                                cachep->gfporder--;
                                break_flag++;
                                goto cal_wastage;
                        }

                        /*
                         * Large num of objs is good, but v. large slabs are
                         * currently bad for the gfp()s.
                         */
                        if (cachep->gfporder >= slab_break_gfp_order)
                                break;

                        if ((left_over*8) <= (PAGE_SIZE<<cachep->gfporder))
                                break;  /* Acceptable internal fragmentation. */
next:
                        cachep->gfporder++;
                } while (1);
        }

        if (!cachep->num) {
                printk("kmem_cache_create: couldn't create cache %s.\n", name);
                kmem_cache_free(&cache_cache, cachep);
                cachep = NULL;
                goto opps;
        }
        slab_size = ALIGN(cachep->num*sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t)
                                + sizeof(struct slab), align);

        /*
         * If the slab has been placed off-slab, and we have enough space then
         * move it on-slab. This is at the expense of any extra colouring.
         */
        if (flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB && left_over >= slab_size) {
                flags &= ~CFLGS_OFF_SLAB;
                left_over -= slab_size;
        }

        if (flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB) {
                /* really off slab. No need for manual alignment */
                slab_size = cachep->num*sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t)+sizeof(struct slab);
        }

        cachep->colour_off = cache_line_size();
        /* Offset must be a multiple of the alignment. */
        if (cachep->colour_off < align)
                cachep->colour_off = align;
        cachep->colour = left_over/cachep->colour_off;
        cachep->slab_size = slab_size;
        cachep->flags = flags;
        cachep->gfpflags = 0;
        if (flags & SLAB_CACHE_DMA)
                cachep->gfpflags |= GFP_DMA;
        spin_lock_init(&cachep->spinlock);
        cachep->objsize = size;
        /* NUMA */
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cachep->lists.slabs_full);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cachep->lists.slabs_partial);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cachep->lists.slabs_free);

        if (flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB)
                cachep->slabp_cache = kmem_find_general_cachep(slab_size,0);
        cachep->ctor = ctor;
        cachep->dtor = dtor;
        cachep->name = name;

        /* Don't let CPUs to come and go */
        lock_cpu_hotplug();

        if (g_cpucache_up == FULL) {
                enable_cpucache(cachep);
        } else {
                if (g_cpucache_up == NONE) {
                        /* Note: the first kmem_cache_create must create
                         * the cache that's used by kmalloc(24), otherwise
                         * the creation of further caches will BUG().
                         */
                        cachep->array[smp_processor_id()] = &initarray_generic.cache;
                        g_cpucache_up = PARTIAL;
                } else {
                        cachep->array[smp_processor_id()] = kmalloc(sizeof(struct arraycache_init),GFP_KERNEL);
                }
                BUG_ON(!ac_data(cachep));
                ac_data(cachep)->avail = 0;
                ac_data(cachep)->limit = BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES;
                ac_data(cachep)->batchcount = 1;
                ac_data(cachep)->touched = 0;
                cachep->batchcount = 1;
                cachep->limit = BOOT_CPUCACHE_ENTRIES;
                cachep->free_limit = (1+num_online_cpus())*cachep->batchcount
                                        + cachep->num;
        } 

        cachep->lists.next_reap = jiffies + REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3 +
                                        ((unsigned long)cachep)%REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3;

        /* Need the semaphore to access the chain. */
        down(&cache_chain_sem);
        {
                struct list_head *p;
                mm_segment_t old_fs;

                old_fs = get_fs();
                set_fs(KERNEL_DS);
                list_for_each(p, &cache_chain) {
                        kmem_cache_t *pc = list_entry(p, kmem_cache_t, next);
                        char tmp;
                        /* This happens when the module gets unloaded and doesn't
                           destroy its slab cache and noone else reuses the vmalloc
                           area of the module. Print a warning. */
                        if (__get_user(tmp,pc->name)) { 
                                printk("SLAB: cache with size %d has lost its name\n", 
                                        pc->objsize); 
                                continue; 
                        }       
                        if (!strcmp(pc->name,name)) { 
                                printk("kmem_cache_create: duplicate cache %s\n",name); 
                                up(&cache_chain_sem); 
                                unlock_cpu_hotplug();
                                BUG(); 
                        }       
                }
                set_fs(old_fs);
        }

        /* cache setup completed, link it into the list */
        list_add(&cachep->next, &cache_chain);
        up(&cache_chain_sem);
        unlock_cpu_hotplug();
opps:
        return cachep;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_create);

static inline void check_irq_off(void)
{
#if DEBUG
        BUG_ON(!irqs_disabled());
#endif
}

static inline void check_irq_on(void)
{
#if DEBUG
        BUG_ON(irqs_disabled());
#endif
}

static inline void check_spinlock_acquired(kmem_cache_t *cachep)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
        check_irq_off();
        BUG_ON(spin_trylock(&cachep->spinlock));
#endif
}

/*
 * Waits for all CPUs to execute func().
 */
static void smp_call_function_all_cpus(void (*func) (void *arg), void *arg)
{
        check_irq_on();
        preempt_disable();

        local_irq_disable();
        func(arg);
        local_irq_enable();

        if (smp_call_function(func, arg, 1, 1))
                BUG();

        preempt_enable();
}

static void drain_array_locked(kmem_cache_t* cachep,
                                struct array_cache *ac, int force);

static void do_drain(void *arg)
{
        kmem_cache_t *cachep = (kmem_cache_t*)arg;
        struct array_cache *ac;

        check_irq_off();
        ac = ac_data(cachep);
        spin_lock(&cachep->spinlock);
        free_block(cachep, &ac_entry(ac)[0], ac->avail);
        spin_unlock(&cachep->spinlock);
        ac->avail = 0;
}

static void drain_cpu_caches(kmem_cache_t *cachep)
{
        smp_call_function_all_cpus(do_drain, cachep);
        check_irq_on();
        spin_lock_irq(&cachep->spinlock);
        if (cachep->lists.shared)
                drain_array_locked(cachep, cachep->lists.shared, 1);
        spin_unlock_irq(&cachep->spinlock);
}


/* NUMA shrink all list3s */
static int __cache_shrink(kmem_cache_t *cachep)
{
        struct slab *slabp;
        int ret;

        drain_cpu_caches(cachep);

        check_irq_on();
        spin_lock_irq(&cachep->spinlock);

        for(;;) {
                struct list_head *p;

                p = cachep->lists.slabs_free.prev;
                if (p == &cachep->lists.slabs_free)
                        break;

                slabp = list_entry(cachep->lists.slabs_free.prev, struct slab, list);
#if DEBUG
                if (slabp->inuse)
                        BUG();
#endif
                list_del(&slabp->list);

                cachep->lists.free_objects -= cachep->num;
                spin_unlock_irq(&cachep->spinlock);
                slab_destroy(cachep, slabp);
                spin_lock_irq(&cachep->spinlock);
        }
        ret = !list_empty(&cachep->lists.slabs_full) ||
                !list_empty(&cachep->lists.slabs_partial);
        spin_unlock_irq(&cachep->spinlock);
        return ret;
}

/**
 * kmem_cache_shrink - Shrink a cache.
 * @cachep: The cache to shrink.
 *
 * Releases as many slabs as possible for a cache.
 * To help debugging, a zero exit status indicates all slabs were released.
 */
int kmem_cache_shrink(kmem_cache_t *cachep)
{
        if (!cachep || in_interrupt())
                BUG();

        return __cache_shrink(cachep);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_shrink);

/**
 * kmem_cache_destroy - delete a cache
 * @cachep: the cache to destroy
 *
 * Remove a kmem_cache_t object from the slab cache.
 * Returns 0 on success.
 *
 * It is expected this function will be called by a module when it is
 * unloaded.  This will remove the cache completely, and avoid a duplicate
 * cache being allocated each time a module is loaded and unloaded, if the
 * module doesn't have persistent in-kernel storage across loads and unloads.
 *
 * The cache must be empty before calling this function.
 *
 * The caller must guarantee that noone will allocate memory from the cache
 * during the kmem_cache_destroy().
 */
int kmem_cache_destroy (kmem_cache_t * cachep)
{
        int i;

        if (!cachep || in_interrupt())
                BUG();

        /* Don't let CPUs to come and go */
        lock_cpu_hotplug();

        /* Find the cache in the chain of caches. */
        down(&cache_chain_sem);
        /*
         * the chain is never empty, cache_cache is never destroyed
         */
        list_del(&cachep->next);
        up(&cache_chain_sem);

        if (__cache_shrink(cachep)) {
                slab_error(cachep, "Can't free all objects");
                down(&cache_chain_sem);
                list_add(&cachep->next,&cache_chain);
                up(&cache_chain_sem);
                unlock_cpu_hotplug();
                return 1;
        }

        /* no cpu_online check required here since we clear the percpu
         * array on cpu offline and set this to NULL.
         */
        for (i = 0; i < NR_CPUS; i++)
                kfree(cachep->array[i]);

        /* NUMA: free the list3 structures */
        kfree(cachep->lists.shared);
        cachep->lists.shared = NULL;
        kmem_cache_free(&cache_cache, cachep);

        unlock_cpu_hotplug();

        return 0;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_destroy);

/* Get the memory for a slab management obj. */
static inline struct slab* alloc_slabmgmt (kmem_cache_t *cachep,
                        void *objp, int colour_off, int local_flags)
{
        struct slab *slabp;
        
        if (OFF_SLAB(cachep)) {
                /* Slab management obj is off-slab. */
                slabp = kmem_cache_alloc(cachep->slabp_cache, local_flags);
                if (!slabp)
                        return NULL;
        } else {
                slabp = objp+colour_off;
                colour_off += cachep->slab_size;
        }
        slabp->inuse = 0;
        slabp->colouroff = colour_off;
        slabp->s_mem = objp+colour_off;

        return slabp;
}

static inline kmem_bufctl_t *slab_bufctl(struct slab *slabp)
{
        return (kmem_bufctl_t *)(slabp+1);
}

static void cache_init_objs (kmem_cache_t * cachep,
                        struct slab * slabp, unsigned long ctor_flags)
{
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < cachep->num; i++) {
                void* objp = slabp->s_mem+cachep->objsize*i;
#if DEBUG
                /* need to poison the objs? */
                if (cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON)
                        poison_obj(cachep, objp, POISON_FREE);
                if (cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
                        *dbg_userword(cachep, objp) = NULL;

                if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
                        *dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) = RED_INACTIVE;
                        *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) = RED_INACTIVE;
                }
                /*
                 * Constructors are not allowed to allocate memory from
                 * the same cache which they are a constructor for.
                 * Otherwise, deadlock. They must also be threaded.
                 */
                if (cachep->ctor && !(cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON))
                        cachep->ctor(objp+obj_dbghead(cachep), cachep, ctor_flags);

                if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
                        if (*dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE)
                                slab_error(cachep, "constructor overwrote the"
                                                        " end of an object");
                        if (*dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE)
                                slab_error(cachep, "constructor overwrote the"
                                                        " start of an object");
                }
                if ((cachep->objsize % PAGE_SIZE) == 0 && OFF_SLAB(cachep) && cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON)
                        kernel_map_pages(virt_to_page(objp), cachep->objsize/PAGE_SIZE, 0);
#else
                if (cachep->ctor)
                        cachep->ctor(objp, cachep, ctor_flags);
#endif
                slab_bufctl(slabp)[i] = i+1;
        }
        slab_bufctl(slabp)[i-1] = BUFCTL_END;
        slabp->free = 0;
}

static void kmem_flagcheck(kmem_cache_t *cachep, int flags)
{
        if (flags & SLAB_DMA) {
                if (!(cachep->gfpflags & GFP_DMA))
                        BUG();
        } else {
                if (cachep->gfpflags & GFP_DMA)
                        BUG();
        }
}

/*
 * Grow (by 1) the number of slabs within a cache.  This is called by
 * kmem_cache_alloc() when there are no active objs left in a cache.
 */
static int cache_grow (kmem_cache_t * cachep, int flags)
{
        struct slab     *slabp;
        struct page     *page;
        void            *objp;
        size_t           offset;
        unsigned int     i, local_flags;
        unsigned long    ctor_flags;

        /* Be lazy and only check for valid flags here,
         * keeping it out of the critical path in kmem_cache_alloc().
         */
        if (flags & ~(SLAB_DMA|SLAB_LEVEL_MASK|SLAB_NO_GROW))
                BUG();
        if (flags & SLAB_NO_GROW)
                return 0;

        ctor_flags = SLAB_CTOR_CONSTRUCTOR;
        local_flags = (flags & SLAB_LEVEL_MASK);
        if (!(local_flags & __GFP_WAIT))
                /*
                 * Not allowed to sleep.  Need to tell a constructor about
                 * this - it might need to know...
                 */
                ctor_flags |= SLAB_CTOR_ATOMIC;

        /* About to mess with non-constant members - lock. */
        check_irq_off();
        spin_lock(&cachep->spinlock);

        /* Get colour for the slab, and cal the next value. */
        offset = cachep->colour_next;
        cachep->colour_next++;
        if (cachep->colour_next >= cachep->colour)
                cachep->colour_next = 0;
        offset *= cachep->colour_off;

        spin_unlock(&cachep->spinlock);

        if (local_flags & __GFP_WAIT)
                local_irq_enable();

        /*
         * The test for missing atomic flag is performed here, rather than
         * the more obvious place, simply to reduce the critical path length
         * in kmem_cache_alloc(). If a caller is seriously mis-behaving they
         * will eventually be caught here (where it matters).
         */
        kmem_flagcheck(cachep, flags);


        /* Get mem for the objs. */
        if (!(objp = kmem_getpages(cachep, flags)))
                goto failed;

        /* Get slab management. */
        if (!(slabp = alloc_slabmgmt(cachep, objp, offset, local_flags)))
                goto opps1;

        /* Nasty!!!!!! I hope this is OK. */
        i = 1 << cachep->gfporder;
        page = virt_to_page(objp);
        do {
                SET_PAGE_CACHE(page, cachep);
                SET_PAGE_SLAB(page, slabp);
                page++;
        } while (--i);

        cache_init_objs(cachep, slabp, ctor_flags);

        if (local_flags & __GFP_WAIT)
                local_irq_disable();
        check_irq_off();
        spin_lock(&cachep->spinlock);

        /* Make slab active. */
        list_add_tail(&slabp->list, &(list3_data(cachep)->slabs_free));
        STATS_INC_GROWN(cachep);
        list3_data(cachep)->free_objects += cachep->num;
        spin_unlock(&cachep->spinlock);
        return 1;
opps1:
        kmem_freepages(cachep, objp);
failed:
        if (local_flags & __GFP_WAIT)
                local_irq_disable();
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Perform extra freeing checks:
 * - detect bad pointers.
 * - POISON/RED_ZONE checking
 * - destructor calls, for caches with POISON+dtor
 */
static inline void kfree_debugcheck(const void *objp)
{
#if DEBUG
        struct page *page;

        if (!virt_addr_valid(objp)) {
                printk(KERN_ERR "kfree_debugcheck: out of range ptr %lxh.\n",
                        (unsigned long)objp);   
                BUG();  
        }
        page = virt_to_page(objp);
        if (!PageSlab(page)) {
                printk(KERN_ERR "kfree_debugcheck: bad ptr %lxh.\n", (unsigned long)objp);
                BUG();
        }
#endif 
}

static inline void *cache_free_debugcheck (kmem_cache_t * cachep, void * objp, void *caller)
{
#if DEBUG
        struct page *page;
        unsigned int objnr;
        struct slab *slabp;

        objp -= obj_dbghead(cachep);
        kfree_debugcheck(objp);
        page = virt_to_page(objp);

        if (GET_PAGE_CACHE(page) != cachep) {
                printk(KERN_ERR "mismatch in kmem_cache_free: expected cache %p, got %p\n",
                                GET_PAGE_CACHE(page),cachep);
                printk(KERN_ERR "%p is %s.\n", cachep, cachep->name);
                printk(KERN_ERR "%p is %s.\n", GET_PAGE_CACHE(page), GET_PAGE_CACHE(page)->name);
                WARN_ON(1);
        }
        slabp = GET_PAGE_SLAB(page);

        if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
                if (*dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) != RED_ACTIVE || *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) != RED_ACTIVE) {
                        slab_error(cachep, "double free, or memory outside"
                                                " object was overwritten");
                        printk(KERN_ERR "%p: redzone 1: 0x%lx, redzone 2: 0x%lx.\n",
                                        objp, *dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp), *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp));
                }
                *dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) = RED_INACTIVE;
                *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) = RED_INACTIVE;
        }
        if (cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
                *dbg_userword(cachep, objp) = caller;

        objnr = (objp-slabp->s_mem)/cachep->objsize;

        BUG_ON(objnr >= cachep->num);
        BUG_ON(objp != slabp->s_mem + objnr*cachep->objsize);

        if (cachep->flags & SLAB_DEBUG_INITIAL) {
                /* Need to call the slab's constructor so the
                 * caller can perform a verify of its state (debugging).
                 * Called without the cache-lock held.
                 */
                cachep->ctor(objp+obj_dbghead(cachep),
                                        cachep, SLAB_CTOR_CONSTRUCTOR|SLAB_CTOR_VERIFY);
        }
        if (cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON && cachep->dtor) {
                /* we want to cache poison the object,
                 * call the destruction callback
                 */
                cachep->dtor(objp+obj_dbghead(cachep), cachep, 0);
        }
        if (cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON) {
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
                if ((cachep->objsize % PAGE_SIZE) == 0 && OFF_SLAB(cachep)) {
                        store_stackinfo(cachep, objp, (unsigned long)caller);
                        kernel_map_pages(virt_to_page(objp), cachep->objsize/PAGE_SIZE, 0);
                } else {
                        poison_obj(cachep, objp, POISON_FREE);
                }
#else
                poison_obj(cachep, objp, POISON_FREE);
#endif
        }
#endif
        return objp;
}

static inline void check_slabp(kmem_cache_t *cachep, struct slab *slabp)
{
#if DEBUG
        int i;
        int entries = 0;
        
        check_spinlock_acquired(cachep);
        /* Check slab's freelist to see if this obj is there. */
        for (i = slabp->free; i != BUFCTL_END; i = slab_bufctl(slabp)[i]) {
                entries++;
                if (entries > cachep->num || i < 0 || i >= cachep->num)
                        goto bad;
        }
        if (entries != cachep->num - slabp->inuse) {
                int i;
bad:
                printk(KERN_ERR "slab: Internal list corruption detected in cache '%s'(%d), slabp %p(%d). Hexdump:\n",
                                cachep->name, cachep->num, slabp, slabp->inuse);
                for (i=0;i<sizeof(slabp)+cachep->num*sizeof(kmem_bufctl_t);i++) {
                        if ((i%16)==0)
                                printk("\n%03x:", i);
                        printk(" %02x", ((unsigned char*)slabp)[i]);
                }
                printk("\n");
                BUG();
        }
#endif
}

static void* cache_alloc_refill(kmem_cache_t* cachep, int flags)
{
        int batchcount;
        struct kmem_list3 *l3;
        struct array_cache *ac;

        check_irq_off();
        ac = ac_data(cachep);
retry:
        batchcount = ac->batchcount;
        if (!ac->touched && batchcount > BATCHREFILL_LIMIT) {
                /* if there was little recent activity on this
                 * cache, then perform only a partial refill.
                 * Otherwise we could generate refill bouncing.
                 */
                batchcount = BATCHREFILL_LIMIT;
        }
        l3 = list3_data(cachep);

        BUG_ON(ac->avail > 0);
        spin_lock(&cachep->spinlock);
        if (l3->shared) {
                struct array_cache *shared_array = l3->shared;
                if (shared_array->avail) {
                        if (batchcount > shared_array->avail)
                                batchcount = shared_array->avail;
                        shared_array->avail -= batchcount;
                        ac->avail = batchcount;
                        memcpy(ac_entry(ac), &ac_entry(shared_array)[shared_array->avail],
                                        sizeof(void*)*batchcount);
                        shared_array->touched = 1;
                        goto alloc_done;
                }
        }
        while (batchcount > 0) {
                struct list_head *entry;
                struct slab *slabp;
                /* Get slab alloc is to come from. */
                entry = l3->slabs_partial.next;
                if (entry == &l3->slabs_partial) {
                        l3->free_touched = 1;
                        entry = l3->slabs_free.next;
                        if (entry == &l3->slabs_free)
                                goto must_grow;
                }

                slabp = list_entry(entry, struct slab, list);
                check_slabp(cachep, slabp);
                check_spinlock_acquired(cachep);
                while (slabp->inuse < cachep->num && batchcount--) {
                        kmem_bufctl_t next;
                        STATS_INC_ALLOCED(cachep);
                        STATS_INC_ACTIVE(cachep);
                        STATS_SET_HIGH(cachep);

                        /* get obj pointer */
                        ac_entry(ac)[ac->avail++] = slabp->s_mem + slabp->free*cachep->objsize;

                        slabp->inuse++;
                        next = slab_bufctl(slabp)[slabp->free];
#if DEBUG
                        slab_bufctl(slabp)[slabp->free] = BUFCTL_FREE;
#endif
                        slabp->free = next;
                }
                check_slabp(cachep, slabp);

                /* move slabp to correct slabp list: */
                list_del(&slabp->list);
                if (slabp->free == BUFCTL_END)
                        list_add(&slabp->list, &l3->slabs_full);
                else
                        list_add(&slabp->list, &l3->slabs_partial);
        }

must_grow:
        l3->free_objects -= ac->avail;
alloc_done:
        spin_unlock(&cachep->spinlock);

        if (unlikely(!ac->avail)) {
                int x;
                x = cache_grow(cachep, flags);
                
                // cache_grow can reenable interrupts, then ac could change.
                ac = ac_data(cachep);
                if (!x && ac->avail == 0)       // no objects in sight? abort
                        return NULL;

                if (!ac->avail)         // objects refilled by interrupt?
                        goto retry;
        }
        ac->touched = 1;
        return ac_entry(ac)[--ac->avail];
}

static inline void
cache_alloc_debugcheck_before(kmem_cache_t *cachep, int flags)
{
        might_sleep_if(flags & __GFP_WAIT);
#if DEBUG
        kmem_flagcheck(cachep, flags);
#endif
}

static inline void *
cache_alloc_debugcheck_after(kmem_cache_t *cachep,
                        unsigned long flags, void *objp, void *caller)
{
#if DEBUG
        if (!objp)      
                return objp;
        if (cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON) {
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
                if ((cachep->objsize % PAGE_SIZE) == 0 && OFF_SLAB(cachep))
                        kernel_map_pages(virt_to_page(objp), cachep->objsize/PAGE_SIZE, 1);
                else
                        check_poison_obj(cachep, objp);
#else
                check_poison_obj(cachep, objp);
#endif
                poison_obj(cachep, objp, POISON_INUSE);
        }
        if (cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
                *dbg_userword(cachep, objp) = caller;

        if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
                if (*dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE || *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE) {
                        slab_error(cachep, "double free, or memory outside"
                                                " object was overwritten");
                        printk(KERN_ERR "%p: redzone 1: 0x%lx, redzone 2: 0x%lx.\n",
                                        objp, *dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp), *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp));
                }
                *dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) = RED_ACTIVE;
                *dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) = RED_ACTIVE;
        }
        objp += obj_dbghead(cachep);
        if (cachep->ctor && cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON) {
                unsigned long   ctor_flags = SLAB_CTOR_CONSTRUCTOR;

                if (!(flags & __GFP_WAIT))
                        ctor_flags |= SLAB_CTOR_ATOMIC;

                cachep->ctor(objp, cachep, ctor_flags);
        }       
#endif
        return objp;
}


static inline void * __cache_alloc (kmem_cache_t *cachep, int flags)
{
        unsigned long save_flags;
        void* objp;
        struct array_cache *ac;

        cache_alloc_debugcheck_before(cachep, flags);

        local_irq_save(save_flags);
        ac = ac_data(cachep);
        if (likely(ac->avail)) {
                STATS_INC_ALLOCHIT(cachep);
                ac->touched = 1;
                objp = ac_entry(ac)[--ac->avail];
        } else {
                STATS_INC_ALLOCMISS(cachep);
                objp = cache_alloc_refill(cachep, flags);
        }
        local_irq_restore(save_flags);
        objp = cache_alloc_debugcheck_after(cachep, flags, objp, __builtin_return_address(0));
        return objp;
}

/* 
 * NUMA: different approach needed if the spinlock is moved into
 * the l3 structure
 */

static void free_block(kmem_cache_t *cachep, void **objpp, int nr_objects)
{
        int i;

        check_spinlock_acquired(cachep);

        /* NUMA: move add into loop */
        cachep->lists.free_objects += nr_objects;

        for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
                void *objp = objpp[i];
                struct slab *slabp;
                unsigned int objnr;

                slabp = GET_PAGE_SLAB(virt_to_page(objp));
                list_del(&slabp->list);
                objnr = (objp - slabp->s_mem) / cachep->objsize;
                check_slabp(cachep, slabp);
#if DEBUG
                if (slab_bufctl(slabp)[objnr] != BUFCTL_FREE) {
                        printk(KERN_ERR "slab: double free detected in cache '%s', objp %p.\n",
                                                cachep->name, objp);
                        BUG();
                }
#endif
                slab_bufctl(slabp)[objnr] = slabp->free;
                slabp->free = objnr;
                STATS_DEC_ACTIVE(cachep);
                slabp->inuse--;
                check_slabp(cachep, slabp);

                /* fixup slab chains */
                if (slabp->inuse == 0) {
                        if (cachep->lists.free_objects > cachep->free_limit) {
                                cachep->lists.free_objects -= cachep->num;
                                slab_destroy(cachep, slabp);
                        } else {
                                list_add(&slabp->list,
                                &list3_data_ptr(cachep, objp)->slabs_free);
                        }
                } else {
                        /* Unconditionally move a slab to the end of the
                         * partial list on free - maximum time for the
                         * other objects to be freed, too.
                         */
                        list_add_tail(&slabp->list,
                                &list3_data_ptr(cachep, objp)->slabs_partial);
                }
        }
}

static void cache_flusharray (kmem_cache_t* cachep, struct array_cache *ac)
{
        int batchcount;

        batchcount = ac->batchcount;
#if DEBUG
        BUG_ON(!batchcount || batchcount > ac->avail);
#endif
        check_irq_off();
        spin_lock(&cachep->spinlock);
        if (cachep->lists.shared) {
                struct array_cache *shared_array = cachep->lists.shared;
                int max = shared_array->limit-shared_array->avail;
                if (max) {
                        if (batchcount > max)
                                batchcount = max;
                        memcpy(&ac_entry(shared_array)[shared_array->avail],
                                        &ac_entry(ac)[0],
                                        sizeof(void*)*batchcount);
                        shared_array->avail += batchcount;
                        goto free_done;
                }
        }

        free_block(cachep, &ac_entry(ac)[0], batchcount);
free_done:
#if STATS
        {
                int i = 0;
                struct list_head *p;

                p = list3_data(cachep)->slabs_free.next;
                while (p != &(list3_data(cachep)->slabs_free)) {
                        struct slab *slabp;

                        slabp = list_entry(p, struct slab, list);
                        BUG_ON(slabp->inuse);

                        i++;
                        p = p->next;
                }
                STATS_SET_FREEABLE(cachep, i);
        }
#endif
        spin_unlock(&cachep->spinlock);
        ac->avail -= batchcount;
        memmove(&ac_entry(ac)[0], &ac_entry(ac)[batchcount],
                        sizeof(void*)*ac->avail);
}

/*
 * __cache_free
 * Release an obj back to its cache. If the obj has a constructed
 * state, it must be in this state _before_ it is released.
 *
 * Called with disabled ints.
 */
static inline void __cache_free (kmem_cache_t *cachep, void* objp)
{
        struct array_cache *ac = ac_data(cachep);

        check_irq_off();
        objp = cache_free_debugcheck(cachep, objp, __builtin_return_address(0));

        if (likely(ac->avail < ac->limit)) {
                STATS_INC_FREEHIT(cachep);
                ac_entry(ac)[ac->avail++] = objp;
                return;
        } else {
                STATS_INC_FREEMISS(cachep);
                cache_flusharray(cachep, ac);
                ac_entry(ac)[ac->avail++] = objp;
        }
}

/**
 * kmem_cache_alloc - Allocate an object
 * @cachep: The cache to allocate from.
 * @flags: See kmalloc().
 *
 * Allocate an object from this cache.  The flags are only relevant
 * if the cache has no available objects.
 */
void * kmem_cache_alloc (kmem_cache_t *cachep, int flags)
{
        return __cache_alloc(cachep, flags);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_alloc);

/**
 * kmem_ptr_validate - check if an untrusted pointer might
 *      be a slab entry.
 * @cachep: the cache we're checking against
 * @ptr: pointer to validate
 *
 * This verifies that the untrusted pointer looks sane:
 * it is _not_ a guarantee that the pointer is actually
 * part of the slab cache in question, but it at least
 * validates that the pointer can be dereferenced and
 * looks half-way sane.
 *
 * Currently only used for dentry validation.
 */
int fastcall kmem_ptr_validate(kmem_cache_t *cachep, void *ptr)
{
        unsigned long addr = (unsigned long) ptr;
        unsigned long min_addr = PAGE_OFFSET;
        unsigned long align_mask = BYTES_PER_WORD-1;
        unsigned long size = cachep->objsize;
        struct page *page;

        if (unlikely(addr < min_addr))
                goto out;
        if (unlikely(addr > (unsigned long)high_memory - size))
                goto out;
        if (unlikely(addr & align_mask))
                goto out;
        if (unlikely(!kern_addr_valid(addr)))
                goto out;
        if (unlikely(!kern_addr_valid(addr + size - 1)))
                goto out;
        page = virt_to_page(ptr);
        if (unlikely(!PageSlab(page)))
                goto out;
        if (unlikely(GET_PAGE_CACHE(page) != cachep))
                goto out;
        return 1;
out:
        return 0;
}

/**
 * kmalloc - allocate memory
 * @size: how many bytes of memory are required.
 * @flags: the type of memory to allocate.
 *
 * kmalloc is the normal method of allocating memory
 * in the kernel.
 *
 * The @flags argument may be one of:
 *
 * %GFP_USER - Allocate memory on behalf of user.  May sleep.
 *
 * %GFP_KERNEL - Allocate normal kernel ram.  May sleep.
 *
 * %GFP_ATOMIC - Allocation will not sleep.  Use inside interrupt handlers.
 *
 * Additionally, the %GFP_DMA flag may be set to indicate the memory
 * must be suitable for DMA.  This can mean different things on different
 * platforms.  For example, on i386, it means that the memory must come
 * from the first 16MB.
 */
void * __kmalloc (size_t size, int flags)
{
        struct cache_sizes *csizep = malloc_sizes;

        for (; csizep->cs_size; csizep++) {
                if (size > csizep->cs_size)
                        continue;
#if DEBUG
                /* This happens if someone tries to call
                 * kmem_cache_create(), or kmalloc(), before
                 * the generic caches are initialized.
                 */
                BUG_ON(csizep->cs_cachep == NULL);
#endif
                return __cache_alloc(flags & GFP_DMA ?
                         csizep->cs_dmacachep : csizep->cs_cachep, flags);
        }
        return NULL;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(__kmalloc);

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
/**
 * __alloc_percpu - allocate one copy of the object for every present
 * cpu in the system, zeroing them.
 * Objects should be dereferenced using per_cpu_ptr/get_cpu_ptr
 * macros only.
 *
 * @size: how many bytes of memory are required.
 * @align: the alignment, which can't be greater than SMP_CACHE_BYTES.
 */
void *__alloc_percpu(size_t size, size_t align)
{
        int i;
        struct percpu_data *pdata = kmalloc(sizeof (*pdata), GFP_KERNEL);

        if (!pdata)
                return NULL;

        for (i = 0; i < NR_CPUS; i++) {
                if (!cpu_possible(i))
                        continue;
                pdata->ptrs[i] = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
                if (!pdata->ptrs[i])
                        goto unwind_oom;
                memset(pdata->ptrs[i], 0, size);
        }

        /* Catch derefs w/o wrappers */
        return (void *) (~(unsigned long) pdata);

unwind_oom:
        while (--i >= 0) {
                if (!cpu_possible(i))
                        continue;
                kfree(pdata->ptrs[i]);
        }
        kfree(pdata);
        return NULL;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(__alloc_percpu);
#endif

/**
 * kmem_cache_free - Deallocate an object
 * @cachep: The cache the allocation was from.
 * @objp: The previously allocated object.
 *
 * Free an object which was previously allocated from this
 * cache.
 */
void kmem_cache_free (kmem_cache_t *cachep, void *objp)
{
        unsigned long flags;

        local_irq_save(flags);
        __cache_free(cachep, objp);
        local_irq_restore(flags);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_free);

/**
 * kfree - free previously allocated memory
 * @objp: pointer returned by kmalloc.
 *
 * Don't free memory not originally allocated by kmalloc()
 * or you will run into trouble.
 */
void kfree (const void *objp)
{
        kmem_cache_t *c;
        unsigned long flags;

        if (!objp)
                return;
        local_irq_save(flags);
        kfree_debugcheck(objp);
        c = GET_PAGE_CACHE(virt_to_page(objp));
        __cache_free(c, (void*)objp);
        local_irq_restore(flags);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(kfree);

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
/**
 * free_percpu - free previously allocated percpu memory
 * @objp: pointer returned by alloc_percpu.
 *
 * Don't free memory not originally allocated by alloc_percpu()
 * The complemented objp is to check for that.
 */
void
free_percpu(const void *objp)
{
        int i;
        struct percpu_data *p = (struct percpu_data *) (~(unsigned long) objp);

        for (i = 0; i < NR_CPUS; i++) {
                if (!cpu_possible(i))
                        continue;
                kfree(p->ptrs[i]);
        }
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(free_percpu);
#endif

unsigned int kmem_cache_size(kmem_cache_t *cachep)
{
        return obj_reallen(cachep);
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_size);

kmem_cache_t * kmem_find_general_cachep (size_t size, int gfpflags)
{
        struct cache_sizes *csizep = malloc_sizes;

        /* This function could be moved to the header file, and
         * made inline so consumers can quickly determine what
         * cache pointer they require.
         */
        for ( ; csizep->cs_size; csizep++) {
                if (size > csizep->cs_size)
                        continue;
                break;
        }
        return (gfpflags & GFP_DMA) ? csizep->cs_dmacachep : csizep->cs_cachep;
}

EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_find_general_cachep);

struct ccupdate_struct {
        kmem_cache_t *cachep;
        struct array_cache *new[NR_CPUS];
};

static void do_ccupdate_local(void *info)
{
        struct ccupdate_struct *new = (struct ccupdate_struct *)info;
        struct array_cache *old;

        check_irq_off();
        old = ac_data(new->cachep);
        
        new->cachep->array[smp_processor_id()] = new->new[smp_processor_id()];
        new->new[smp_processor_id()] = old;
}


static int do_tune_cpucache (kmem_cache_t* cachep, int limit, int batchcount, int shared)
{
        struct ccupdate_struct new;
        struct array_cache *new_shared;
        int i;

        memset(&new.new,0,sizeof(new.new));
        for (i = 0; i < NR_CPUS; i++) {
                struct array_cache *ccnew;

                ccnew = kmalloc(sizeof(void*)*limit+
                                sizeof(struct array_cache), GFP_KERNEL);
                if (!ccnew) {
                        for (i--; i >= 0; i--) kfree(new.new[i]);
                        return -ENOMEM;
                }
                ccnew->avail = 0;
                ccnew->limit = limit;
                ccnew->batchcount = batchcount;
                ccnew->touched = 0;
                new.new[i] = ccnew;
        }
        new.cachep = cachep;

        smp_call_function_all_cpus(do_ccupdate_local, (void *)&new);
        
        check_irq_on();
        spin_lock_irq(&cachep->spinlock);
        cachep->batchcount = batchcount;
        cachep->limit = limit;
        cachep->free_limit = (1+num_online_cpus())*cachep->batchcount + cachep->num;
        spin_unlock_irq(&cachep->spinlock);

        for (i = 0; i < NR_CPUS; i++) {
                struct array_cache *ccold = new.new[i];
                if (!ccold)
                        continue;
                spin_lock_irq(&cachep->spinlock);
                free_block(cachep, ac_entry(ccold), ccold->avail);
                spin_unlock_irq(&cachep->spinlock);
                kfree(ccold);
        }
        new_shared = kmalloc(sizeof(void*)*batchcount*shared+
                                sizeof(struct array_cache), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (new_shared) {
                struct array_cache *old;
                new_shared->avail = 0;
                new_shared->limit = batchcount*shared;
                new_shared->batchcount = 0xbaadf00d;
                new_shared->touched = 0;

                spin_lock_irq(&cachep->spinlock);
                old = cachep->lists.shared;
                cachep->lists.shared = new_shared;
                if (old)
                        free_block(cachep, ac_entry(old), old->avail);
                spin_unlock_irq(&cachep->spinlock);
                kfree(old);
        }

        return 0;
}


static void enable_cpucache (kmem_cache_t *cachep)
{
        int err;
        int limit, shared;

        /* The head array serves three purposes:
         * - create a LIFO ordering, i.e. return objects that are cache-warm
         * - reduce the number of spinlock operations.
         * - reduce the number of linked list operations on the slab and 
         *   bufctl chains: array operations are cheaper.
         * The numbers are guessed, we should auto-tune as described by
         * Bonwick.
         */
        if (cachep->objsize > 131072)
                limit = 1;
        else if (cachep->objsize > PAGE_SIZE)
                limit = 8;
        else if (cachep->objsize > 1024)
                limit = 24;
        else if (cachep->objsize > 256)
                limit = 54;
        else
                limit = 120;

        /* Cpu bound tasks (e.g. network routing) can exhibit cpu bound
         * allocation behaviour: Most allocs on one cpu, most free operations
         * on another cpu. For these cases, an efficient object passing between
         * cpus is necessary. This is provided by a shared array. The array
         * replaces Bonwick's magazine layer.
         * On uniprocessor, it's functionally equivalent (but less efficient)
         * to a larger limit. Thus disabled by default.
         */
        shared = 0;
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
        if (cachep->objsize <= PAGE_SIZE)
                shared = 8;
#endif

#if DEBUG
        /* With debugging enabled, large batchcount lead to excessively
         * long periods with disabled local interrupts. Limit the 
         * batchcount
         */
        if (limit > 32)
                limit = 32;
#endif
        err = do_tune_cpucache(cachep, limit, (limit+1)/2, shared);
        if (err)
                printk(KERN_ERR "enable_cpucache failed for %s, error %d.\n",
                                        cachep->name, -err);
}

static void drain_array(kmem_cache_t *cachep, struct array_cache *ac)
{
        int tofree;

        check_irq_off();
        if (ac->touched) {
                ac->touched = 0;
        } else if (ac->avail) {
                tofree = (ac->limit+4)/5;
                if (tofree > ac->avail) {
                        tofree = (ac->avail+1)/2;
                }
                spin_lock(&cachep->spinlock);
                free_block(cachep, ac_entry(ac), tofree);
                spin_unlock(&cachep->spinlock);
                ac->avail -= tofree;
                memmove(&ac_entry(ac)[0], &ac_entry(ac)[tofree],
                                        sizeof(void*)*ac->avail);
        }
}

static void drain_array_locked(kmem_cache_t *cachep,
                                struct array_cache *ac, int force)
{
        int tofree;

        check_spinlock_acquired(cachep);
        if (ac->touched && !force) {
                ac->touched = 0;
        } else if (ac->avail) {
                tofree = force ? ac->avail : (ac->limit+4)/5;
                if (tofree > ac->avail) {
                        tofree = (ac->avail+1)/2;
                }
                free_block(cachep, ac_entry(ac), tofree);
                ac->avail -= tofree;
                memmove(&ac_entry(ac)[0], &ac_entry(ac)[tofree],
                                        sizeof(void*)*ac->avail);
        }
}

/**
 * cache_reap - Reclaim memory from caches.
 *
 * Called from a timer, every few seconds
 * Purpose:
 * - clear the per-cpu caches for this CPU.
 * - return freeable pages to the main free memory pool.
 *
 * If we cannot acquire the cache chain semaphore then just give up - we'll
 * try again next timer interrupt.
 */
static inline void cache_reap (void)
{
        struct list_head *walk;

#if DEBUG
        BUG_ON(!in_interrupt());
        BUG_ON(in_irq());
#endif
        if (down_trylock(&cache_chain_sem))
                return;

        list_for_each(walk, &cache_chain) {
                kmem_cache_t *searchp;
                struct list_head* p;
                int tofree;
                struct slab *slabp;

                searchp = list_entry(walk, kmem_cache_t, next);

                if (searchp->flags & SLAB_NO_REAP)
                        goto next;

                check_irq_on();
                local_irq_disable();
                drain_array(searchp, ac_data(searchp));

                if(time_after(searchp->lists.next_reap, jiffies))
                        goto next_irqon;

                spin_lock(&searchp->spinlock);
                if(time_after(searchp->lists.next_reap, jiffies)) {
                        goto next_unlock;
                }
                searchp->lists.next_reap = jiffies + REAPTIMEOUT_LIST3;

                if (searchp->lists.shared)
                        drain_array_locked(searchp, searchp->lists.shared, 0);

                if (searchp->lists.free_touched) {
                        searchp->lists.free_touched = 0;
                        goto next_unlock;
                }

                tofree = (searchp->free_limit+5*searchp->num-1)/(5*searchp->num);
                do {
                        p = list3_data(searchp)->slabs_free.next;
                        if (p == &(list3_data(searchp)->slabs_free))
                                break;

                        slabp = list_entry(p, struct slab, list);
                        BUG_ON(slabp->inuse);
                        list_del(&slabp->list);
                        STATS_INC_REAPED(searchp);

                        /* Safe to drop the lock. The slab is no longer
                         * linked to the cache.
                         * searchp cannot disappear, we hold
                         * cache_chain_lock
                         */
                        searchp->lists.free_objects -= searchp->num;
                        spin_unlock_irq(&searchp->spinlock);
                        slab_destroy(searchp, slabp);
                        spin_lock_irq(&searchp->spinlock);
                } while(--tofree > 0);
next_unlock:
                spin_unlock(&searchp->spinlock);
next_irqon:
                local_irq_enable();
next:
                ;
        }
        check_irq_on();
        up(&cache_chain_sem);
}

/*
 * This is a timer handler.  There is one per CPU.  It is called periodially
 * to shrink this CPU's caches.  Otherwise there could be memory tied up
 * for long periods (or for ever) due to load changes.
 */
static void reap_timer_fnc(unsigned long cpu)
{
        struct timer_list *rt = &__get_cpu_var(reap_timers);

        /* CPU hotplug can drag us off cpu: don't run on wrong CPU */
        if (!cpu_is_offline(cpu)) {
                cache_reap();
                mod_timer(rt, jiffies + REAPTIMEOUT_CPUC + cpu);
        }
}

#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS

static void *s_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
{
        loff_t n = *pos;
        struct list_head *p;

        down(&cache_chain_sem);
        if (!n) {
                /*
                 * Output format version, so at least we can change it
                 * without _too_ many complaints.
                 */
#if STATS
                seq_puts(m, "slabinfo - version: 2.0 (statistics)\n");
#else
                seq_puts(m, "slabinfo - version: 2.0\n");
#endif
                seq_puts(m, "# name            <active_objs> <num_objs> <objsize> <objperslab> <pagesperslab>");
                seq_puts(m, " : tunables <batchcount> <limit> <sharedfactor>");
                seq_puts(m, " : slabdata <active_slabs> <num_slabs> <sharedavail>");
#if STATS
                seq_puts(m, " : globalstat <listallocs> <maxobjs> <grown> <reaped> <error> <maxfreeable> <freelimit>");
                seq_puts(m, " : cpustat <allochit> <allocmiss> <freehit> <freemiss>");
#endif
                seq_putc(m, '\n');
        }
        p = cache_chain.next;
        while (n--) {
                p = p->next;
                if (p == &cache_chain)
                        return NULL;
        }
        return list_entry(p, kmem_cache_t, next);
}

static void *s_next(struct seq_file *m, void *p, loff_t *pos)
{
        kmem_cache_t *cachep = p;
        ++*pos;
        return cachep->next.next == &cache_chain ? NULL
                : list_entry(cachep->next.next, kmem_cache_t, next);
}

static void s_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
{
        up(&cache_chain_sem);
}

static int s_show(struct seq_file *m, void *p)
{
        kmem_cache_t *cachep = p;
        struct list_head *q;
        struct slab     *slabp;
        unsigned long   active_objs;
        unsigned long   num_objs;
        unsigned long   active_slabs = 0;
        unsigned long   num_slabs;
        const char *name; 
        char *error = NULL;
        mm_segment_t old_fs;
        char tmp; 

        check_irq_on();
        spin_lock_irq(&cachep->spinlock);
        active_objs = 0;
        num_slabs = 0;
        list_for_each(q,&cachep->lists.slabs_full) {
                slabp = list_entry(q, struct slab, list);
                if (slabp->inuse != cachep->num && !error)
                        error = "slabs_full accounting error";
                active_objs += cachep->num;
                active_slabs++;
        }
        list_for_each(q,&cachep->lists.slabs_partial) {
                slabp = list_entry(q, struct slab, list);
                if (slabp->inuse == cachep->num && !error)
                        error = "slabs_partial inuse accounting error";
                if (!slabp->inuse && !error)
                        error = "slabs_partial/inuse accounting error";
                active_objs += slabp->inuse;
                active_slabs++;
        }
        list_for_each(q,&cachep->lists.slabs_free) {
                slabp = list_entry(q, struct slab, list);
                if (slabp->inuse && !error)
                        error = "slabs_free/inuse accounting error";
                num_slabs++;
        }
        num_slabs+=active_slabs;
        num_objs = num_slabs*cachep->num;
        if (num_objs - active_objs != cachep->lists.free_objects && !error)
                error = "free_objects accounting error";

        name = cachep->name; 

        /*
         * Check to see if `name' resides inside a module which has been
         * unloaded (someone forgot to destroy their cache)
         */
        old_fs = get_fs();
        set_fs(KERNEL_DS);
        if (__get_user(tmp, name)) 
                name = "broken"; 
        set_fs(old_fs);

        if (error)
                printk(KERN_ERR "slab: cache %s error: %s\n", name, error);

        seq_printf(m, "%-17s %6lu %6lu %6u %4u %4d",
                name, active_objs, num_objs, cachep->objsize,
                cachep->num, (1<<cachep->gfporder));
        seq_printf(m, " : tunables %4u %4u %4u",
                        cachep->limit, cachep->batchcount,
                        cachep->lists.shared->limit/cachep->batchcount);
        seq_printf(m, " : slabdata %6lu %6lu %6u",
                        active_slabs, num_slabs, cachep->lists.shared->avail);
#if STATS
        {       /* list3 stats */
                unsigned long high = cachep->high_mark;
                unsigned long allocs = cachep->num_allocations;
                unsigned long grown = cachep->grown;
                unsigned long reaped = cachep->reaped;
                unsigned long errors = cachep->errors;
                unsigned long max_freeable = cachep->max_freeable;
                unsigned long free_limit = cachep->free_limit;

                seq_printf(m, " : globalstat %7lu %6lu %5lu %4lu %4lu %4lu %4lu",
                                allocs, high, grown, reaped, errors, 
                                max_freeable, free_limit);
        }
        /* cpu stats */
        {
                unsigned long allochit = atomic_read(&cachep->allochit);
                unsigned long allocmiss = atomic_read(&cachep->allocmiss);
                unsigned long freehit = atomic_read(&cachep->freehit);
                unsigned long freemiss = atomic_read(&cachep->freemiss);

                seq_printf(m, " : cpustat %6lu %6lu %6lu %6lu",
                        allochit, allocmiss, freehit, freemiss);
        }
#endif
        seq_putc(m, '\n');
        spin_unlock_irq(&cachep->spinlock);
        return 0;
}

/*
 * slabinfo_op - iterator that generates /proc/slabinfo
 *
 * Output layout:
 * cache-name
 * num-active-objs
 * total-objs
 * object size
 * num-active-slabs
 * total-slabs
 * num-pages-per-slab
 * + further values on SMP and with statistics enabled
 */

struct seq_operations slabinfo_op = {
        .start  = s_start,
        .next   = s_next,
        .stop   = s_stop,
        .show   = s_show,
};

#define MAX_SLABINFO_WRITE 128
/**
 * slabinfo_write - Tuning for the slab allocator
 * @file: unused
 * @buffer: user buffer
 * @count: data length
 * @ppos: unused
 */
ssize_t slabinfo_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer,
                                size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
        char kbuf[MAX_SLABINFO_WRITE+1], *tmp;
        int limit, batchcount, shared, res;
        struct list_head *p;
        
        if (count > MAX_SLABINFO_WRITE)
                return -EINVAL;
        if (copy_from_user(&kbuf, buffer, count))
                return -EFAULT;
        kbuf[MAX_SLABINFO_WRITE] = '\0'; 

        tmp = strchr(kbuf, ' ');
        if (!tmp)
                return -EINVAL;
        *tmp = '\0';
        tmp++;
        if (sscanf(tmp, " %d %d %d", &limit, &batchcount, &shared) != 3)
                return -EINVAL;

        /* Find the cache in the chain of caches. */
        down(&cache_chain_sem);
        res = -EINVAL;
        list_for_each(p,&cache_chain) {
                kmem_cache_t *cachep = list_entry(p, kmem_cache_t, next);

                if (!strcmp(cachep->name, kbuf)) {
                        if (limit < 1 ||
                            batchcount < 1 ||
                            batchcount > limit ||
                            shared < 0) {
                                res = -EINVAL;
                        } else {
                                res = do_tune_cpucache(cachep, limit, batchcount, shared);
                        }
                        break;
                }
        }
        up(&cache_chain_sem);
        if (res >= 0)
                res = count;
        return res;
}
#endif

unsigned int ksize(const void *objp)
{
        kmem_cache_t *c;
        unsigned long flags;
        unsigned int size = 0;

        if (likely(objp != NULL)) {
                local_irq_save(flags);
                c = GET_PAGE_CACHE(virt_to_page(objp));
                size = kmem_cache_size(c);
                local_irq_restore(flags);
        }

        return size;
}

void ptrinfo(unsigned long addr)
{
        struct page *page;

        printk("Dumping data about address %p.\n", (void*)addr);
        if (!virt_addr_valid((void*)addr)) {
                printk("virt addr invalid.\n");
                return;
        }
#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
        do {
                pgd_t *pgd = pgd_offset_k(addr);
                pmd_t *pmd;
                if (pgd_none(*pgd)) {
                        printk("No pgd.\n");
                        break;
                }
                pmd = pmd_offset(pgd, addr);
                if (pmd_none(*pmd)) {
                        printk("No pmd.\n");
                        break;
                }
#ifdef CONFIG_X86
                if (pmd_large(*pmd)) {
                        printk("Large page.\n");
                        break;
                }
#endif
                printk("normal page, pte_val 0x%llx\n",
                  (unsigned long long)pte_val(*pte_offset_kernel(pmd, addr)));
        } while(0);
#endif

        page = virt_to_page((void*)addr);
        printk("struct page at %p, flags %08lx\n",
                        page, (unsigned long)page->flags);
        if (PageSlab(page)) {
                kmem_cache_t *c;
                struct slab *s;
                unsigned long flags;
                int objnr;
                void *objp;

                c = GET_PAGE_CACHE(page);
                printk("belongs to cache %s.\n",c->name);

                spin_lock_irqsave(&c->spinlock, flags);
                s = GET_PAGE_SLAB(page);
                printk("slabp %p with %d inuse objects (from %d).\n",
                        s, s->inuse, c->num);
                check_slabp(c,s);

                objnr = (addr-(unsigned long)s->s_mem)/c->objsize;
                objp = s->s_mem+c->objsize*objnr;
                printk("points into object no %d, starting at %p, len %d.\n",
                        objnr, objp, c->objsize);
                if (objnr >= c->num) {
                        printk("Bad obj number.\n");
                } else {
                        kernel_map_pages(virt_to_page(objp),
                                        c->objsize/PAGE_SIZE, 1);

                        print_objinfo(c, objp, 2);
                }
                spin_unlock_irqrestore(&c->spinlock, flags);

        }
}